# Install NVIDIA gaming drivers (G7e, G6, G6e, G5, and G4dn instances)
<a name="nvidia-gaming-driver"></a>

These drivers are available to AWS customers only. By downloading them, you agree to use the downloaded software only to develop AMIs for use with the RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell, NVIDIA L4, NVIDIA L40S, NVIDIA A10G, NVIDIA Tesla T4, or NVIDIA Tesla M60 hardware. You can use the GRID drivers to both create and use AMIs within the AWS environment. Upon installation of the software, you are bound by the terms of the [NVIDIA GRID Cloud End User License Agreement](https://aws-nvidia-license-agreement.s3.amazonaws.com/NvidiaGridAWSUserLicenseAgreement.DOCX).

**Considerations**
+ G3 instances require AWS provided DNS resolution for GRID licensing to work.
+ [IMDSv2](configuring-instance-metadata-service.md) is only supported with NVIDIA driver version 495.x or greater. 

**Prerequisites**
+ (Linux) Verify that the AWS CLI is installed on your instance and configured with default credentials. For more information, see [Installing the AWS CLI](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/getting-started-install.html) in the *AWS Command Line Interface User Guide*.
+ Your user or role must have the permissions granted that contains the **AmazonS3ReadOnlyAccess** policy.

## Amazon Linux 2023
<a name="nvidia-gaming-amazon-linux"></a>

**To install the NVIDIA gaming driver on your instance**

1. Connect to your instance. Update your package cache and get the package updates for your instance.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo dnf update -y
   ```

1. Install **gcc** and **make**, if they are not already installed.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo dnf install gcc make
   ```

1. Reboot your instance to load the latest kernel version.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo reboot
   ```

1. Reconnect to your instance after it is rebooted.

1. Install the kernel headers packages.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo dnf install -y kernel-devel kernel-modules-extra kernel-devel-$(uname -r) kernel-headers-$(uname -r) dkms
   ```

1. Download the gaming driver installation utility using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ aws s3 cp --recursive s3://nvidia-gaming/linux/latest/ .
   ```

   Multiple versions of the gaming driver are stored in this bucket. You can see all of the available versions using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ aws s3 ls --recursive s3://nvidia-gaming/linux/
   ```

1. Extract the gaming driver installation utility from the downloaded `.zip` archive.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ unzip latest-driver-name.zip -d nvidia-drivers
   ```

1. Add permissions to run the driver installation utility using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ chmod +x nvidia-drivers/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64*-grid.run
   ```

1. Run the installer using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo ./nvidia-drivers/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64*.run
   ```

   When prompted, accept the license agreement and specify the installation options as required (you can accept the default options).

1. Use the following command to create the required configuration file.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ cat << EOF | sudo tee -a /etc/nvidia/gridd.conf
   vGamingMarketplace=2
   EOF
   ```

1. Use the following command to download and rename the certification file.
   + For version 590.48 or later:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert_2026_03_02.cert"
     ```
   + For version 460.39 to 580.95:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCertLinux_2024_02_22.cert"
     ```
   + For version 440.68 to 445.48:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert-Linux_2020_04.cert"
     ```
   + For earlier versions:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert-Linux_2019_09.cert"
     ```

1. If you are using NVIDIA driver version 510.x or greater on the G4dn, G5, or G5g instances, disable GSP with the following commands. For more information about why this is required, see the [NVIDIA documentation](https://docs.nvidia.com/vgpu/latest/grid-vgpu-user-guide/index.html#disabling-gsp).

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo touch /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf
   ```

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ echo "options nvidia NVreg_EnableGpuFirmware=0" | sudo tee --append /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf
   ```

1. Reboot the instance.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo reboot
   ```

1. Verify the NVIDIA Gaming license using the following command.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ nvidia-smi.exe -q
   ```

   In the output, search for `vGPU Software Licensed Product`.

1. (Optional) To help take advantage of a single display of up to 4K resolution, set up the high-performance display protocol [Amazon DCV](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/dcv/).

## Amazon Linux 2
<a name="nvidia-gaming-amazon-linux-2"></a>

**To install the NVIDIA gaming driver on your instance**

1. Connect to your instance. Update your package cache and get the package updates for your instance.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo yum update -y
   ```

1. Install **gcc** and **make**, if they are not already installed.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo yum install gcc make
   ```

1. Reboot your instance to load the latest kernel version.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo reboot
   ```

1. Reconnect to your instance after it is rebooted.

1. Install the kernel headers package for the version of the kernel you are currently running.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo yum install -y kernel-devel-$(uname -r)
   ```

1. Download the gaming driver installation utility using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ aws s3 cp --recursive s3://nvidia-gaming/linux/latest/ .
   ```

   Multiple versions of the gaming driver are stored in this bucket. You can see all of the available versions using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ aws s3 ls --recursive s3://nvidia-gaming/linux/
   ```

1. Extract the gaming driver installation utility from the downloaded `.zip` archive.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ unzip latest-driver-name.zip -d nvidia-drivers
   ```

1. Add permissions to run the driver installation utility using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ chmod +x nvidia-drivers/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64*-grid.run
   ```

1. Run the installer using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo ./nvidia-drivers/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64*.run
   ```

   If you are using Amazon Linux 2 with kernel version 5.10, use the following command to install the NVIDIA gaming drivers.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo CC=/usr/bin/gcc10-cc ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64*.run
   ```

   When prompted, accept the license agreement and specify the installation options as required (you can accept the default options).

1. Use the following command to create the required configuration file.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ cat << EOF | sudo tee -a /etc/nvidia/gridd.conf
   vGamingMarketplace=2
   EOF
   ```

1. Use the following command to download and rename the certification file.
   + For version 590.48 or later:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert_2026_03_02.cert"
     ```
   + For version 460.39 to 580.95:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCertLinux_2024_02_22.cert"
     ```
   + For version 440.68 to 445.48:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert-Linux_2020_04.cert"
     ```
   + For earlier versions:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert-Linux_2019_09.cert"
     ```

1. If you are using NVIDIA driver version 510.x or greater on the G4dn, G5, or G5g instances, disable GSP with the following commands. For more information about why this is required, see the [NVIDIA documentation](https://docs.nvidia.com/vgpu/latest/grid-vgpu-user-guide/index.html#disabling-gsp).

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo touch /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf
   ```

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ echo "options nvidia NVreg_EnableGpuFirmware=0" | sudo tee --append /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf
   ```

1. Reboot the instance.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo reboot
   ```

1. Verify the NVIDIA Gaming license using the following command.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ nvidia-smi.exe -q
   ```

   In the output, search for `vGPU Software Licensed Product`.

1. (Optional) To help take advantage of a single display of up to 4K resolution, set up the high-performance display protocol [Amazon DCV](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/dcv/).

## CentOS 7 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
<a name="nvidia-gaming-centos7-rhel7"></a>

**To install the NVIDIA gaming driver on your instance**

1. Connect to your Linux instance. Install **gcc** and **make**, if they are not already installed.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo yum install -y gcc make
   ```

1. Update your package cache and get the package updates for your instance.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo yum update -y
   ```

1. Reboot your instance to load the latest kernel version.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo reboot
   ```

1. Reconnect to your instance after it has rebooted.

1. Install the kernel headers package for the version of the kernel you are currently running.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo yum install -y unzip kernel-devel-$(uname -r)
   ```

1. Disable the `nouveau` open source driver for NVIDIA graphics cards.

   1. Add `nouveau` to the `/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf` blacklist file. Copy the following code block and paste it into a terminal.

      ```
      [ec2-user ~]$ cat << EOF | sudo tee --append /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
      blacklist vga16fb
      blacklist nouveau
      blacklist rivafb
      blacklist nvidiafb
      blacklist rivatv
      EOF
      ```

   1. Edit the `/etc/default/grub` file and add the following line:

      ```
      GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="rdblacklist=nouveau"
      ```

   1. Rebuild the Grub configuration.

      ```
      [ec2-user ~]$ sudo grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
      ```

1. Download the gaming driver installation utility using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ aws s3 cp --recursive s3://nvidia-gaming/linux/latest/ .
   ```

   Multiple versions of the gaming driver are stored in this bucket. You can see all of the available versions using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ aws s3 ls --recursive s3://nvidia-gaming/linux/
   ```

1. Extract the gaming driver installation utility from the downloaded `.zip` archive.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ unzip *Gaming-Linux-Guest-Drivers.zip -d nvidia-drivers
   ```

1. Add permissions to run the driver installation utility using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ chmod +x nvidia-drivers/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64*-grid.run
   ```

1. Run the installer using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo nvidia-drivers/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64*.run
   ```

   When prompted, accept the license agreement and specify the installation options as required (you can accept the default options).

1. Use the following command to create the required configuration file.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ cat << EOF | sudo tee -a /etc/nvidia/gridd.conf
   vGamingMarketplace=2
   EOF
   ```

1. Use the following command to download and rename the certification file.
   + For version 590.48 or later:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert_2026_03_02.cert"
     ```
   + For version 460.39 to 580.95:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCertLinux_2024_02_22.cert"
     ```
   + For version 440.68 to 445.48:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert-Linux_2020_04.cert"
     ```
   + For earlier versions:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert-Linux_2019_09.cert"
     ```

1. If you are using NVIDIA driver version 510.x or greater on the G4dn, G5, or G5g instances, disable GSP with the following commands. For more information about why this is required, see the [NVIDIA documentation](https://docs.nvidia.com/vgpu/latest/grid-vgpu-user-guide/index.html#disabling-gsp).

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo touch /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf
   ```

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ echo "options nvidia NVreg_EnableGpuFirmware=0" | sudo tee --append /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf
   ```

1. Reboot the instance.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo reboot
   ```

1. (Optional) To help take advantage of a single display of up to 4K resolution, set up the high-performance display protocol [Amazon DCV](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/dcv/). If you do not require this functionality, do not complete this step.

## CentOS Stream 8 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
<a name="nvidia-gaming-centos8-rhel8"></a>

**To install the NVIDIA gaming driver on your instance**

1. Connect to your Linux instance. Install **gcc** and **make**, if they are not already installed.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo yum install -y gcc make
   ```

1. Update your package cache and get the package updates for your instance.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo yum update -y
   ```

1. Reboot your instance to load the latest kernel version.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo reboot
   ```

1. Reconnect to your instance after it has rebooted.

1. Install the kernel headers package for the version of the kernel you are currently running.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo yum install -y unzip kernel-devel-$(uname -r)
   ```

1. Download the gaming driver installation utility using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ aws s3 cp --recursive s3://nvidia-gaming/linux/latest/ .
   ```

   Multiple versions of the gaming driver are stored in this bucket. You can see all of the available versions using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ aws s3 ls --recursive s3://nvidia-gaming/linux/
   ```

1. Extract the gaming driver installation utility from the downloaded `.zip` archive.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ unzip *Gaming-Linux-Guest-Drivers.zip -d nvidia-drivers
   ```

1. Add permissions to run the driver installation utility using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ chmod +x nvidia-drivers/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64*-grid.run
   ```

1. Run the installer using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo nvidia-drivers/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64*.run
   ```

   When prompted, accept the license agreement and specify the installation options as required (you can accept the default options).

1. Use the following command to create the required configuration file.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ cat << EOF | sudo tee -a /etc/nvidia/gridd.conf
   vGamingMarketplace=2
   EOF
   ```

1. Use the following command to download and rename the certification file.
   + For version 590.48 or later:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert_2026_03_02.cert"
     ```
   + For version 460.39 to 580.95:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCertLinux_2024_02_22.cert"
     ```
   + For version 440.68 to 445.48:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert-Linux_2020_04.cert"
     ```
   + For earlier versions:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert-Linux_2019_09.cert"
     ```

1. If you are using NVIDIA driver version 510.x or greater on the G4dn, G5, or G5g instances, disable GSP with the following commands. For more information about why this is required, see the [NVIDIA documentation](https://docs.nvidia.com/vgpu/latest/grid-vgpu-user-guide/index.html#disabling-gsp).

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo touch /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf
   ```

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ echo "options nvidia NVreg_EnableGpuFirmware=0" | sudo tee --append /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf
   ```

1. Reboot the instance.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo reboot
   ```

1. (Optional) To help take advantage of a single display of up to 4K resolution, set up the high-performance display protocol [Amazon DCV](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/dcv/).

## Rocky Linux 8
<a name="nvidia-gaming-rocky-linux-8"></a>

**To install the NVIDIA gaming driver on your instance**

1. Connect to your Linux instance. Install **gcc** and **make**, if they are not already installed.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo yum install -y gcc make
   ```

1. Update your package cache and get the package updates for your instance.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo yum update -y
   ```

1. Reboot your instance to load the latest kernel version.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo reboot
   ```

1. Reconnect to your instance after it has rebooted.

1. Install the kernel headers package for the version of the kernel you are currently running.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo dnf install -y unzip elfutils-libelf-devel libglvnd-devel kernel-devel-$(uname -r)
   ```

1. Download the gaming driver installation utility using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ aws s3 cp --recursive s3://nvidia-gaming/linux/latest/ .
   ```

   Multiple versions of the gaming driver are stored in this bucket. You can see all of the available versions using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ aws s3 ls --recursive s3://nvidia-gaming/linux/
   ```

1. Extract the gaming driver installation utility from the downloaded `.zip` archive.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ unzip *Gaming-Linux-Guest-Drivers.zip -d nvidia-drivers
   ```

1. Add permissions to run the driver installation utility using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ chmod +x nvidia-drivers/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64*-grid.run
   ```

1. Run the installer using the following command:

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo nvidia-drivers/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64*.run
   ```

   When prompted, accept the license agreement and specify the installation options as required (you can accept the default options).

1. Use the following command to create the required configuration file.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ cat << EOF | sudo tee -a /etc/nvidia/gridd.conf
   vGamingMarketplace=2
   EOF
   ```

1. Use the following command to download and rename the certification file.
   + For version 590.48 or later:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert_2026_03_02.cert"
     ```
   + For version 460.39 to 580.95:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCertLinux_2024_02_22.cert"
     ```
   + For version 440.68 to 445.48:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert-Linux_2020_04.cert"
     ```
   + For earlier versions:

     ```
     [ec2-user ~]$ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert-Linux_2019_09.cert"
     ```

1. If you are using NVIDIA driver version 510.x or greater on the G4dn, G5, or G5g instances, disable GSP with the following commands. For more information about why this is required, see the [NVIDIA documentation](https://docs.nvidia.com/vgpu/latest/grid-vgpu-user-guide/index.html#disabling-gsp).

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo touch /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf
   ```

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ echo "options nvidia NVreg_EnableGpuFirmware=0" | sudo tee --append /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf
   ```

1. Reboot the instance.

   ```
   [ec2-user ~]$ sudo reboot
   ```

1. (Optional) To help take advantage of a single display of up to 4K resolution, set up the high-performance display protocol [Amazon DCV](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/dcv/).

## Ubuntu and Debian
<a name="nvidia-gaming-ubuntu-debian"></a>

**To install the NVIDIA gaming driver on your instance**

1. Connect to your Linux instance. Install **gcc** and **make**, if they are not already installed.

   ```
   $ sudo apt-get install -y gcc make build-essential
   ```

1. Update your package cache and get the package updates for your instance.

   ```
   $ sudo apt-get update -y
   ```

1. Upgrade the `linux-aws` package to receive the latest version.

   ```
   $ sudo apt-get upgrade -y linux-aws
   ```

1. Reboot your instance to load the latest kernel version.

   ```
   $ sudo reboot
   ```

1. Reconnect to your instance after it has rebooted.

1. Install the kernel headers package for the version of the kernel you are currently running.

   ```
   $ sudo apt install -y unzip dkms linux-headers-$(uname -r)
   ```

1. Disable the `nouveau` open source driver for NVIDIA graphics cards.

   1. Add `nouveau` to the `/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf` blacklist file. Copy the following code block and paste it into a terminal.

      ```
      $ cat << EOF | sudo tee --append /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
      blacklist vga16fb
      blacklist nouveau
      blacklist rivafb
      blacklist nvidiafb
      blacklist rivatv
      EOF
      ```

   1. Edit the `/etc/default/grub` file and add the following line:

      ```
      GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="rdblacklist=nouveau"
      ```

   1. Rebuild the Grub configuration.

      ```
      $ sudo update-grub
      ```

1. Download the gaming driver installation utility using the following command:

   ```
   $ aws s3 cp --recursive s3://nvidia-gaming/linux/latest/ .
   ```

   Multiple versions of the gaming driver are stored in this bucket. You can see all of the available versions using the following command:

   ```
   $ aws s3 ls --recursive s3://nvidia-gaming/linux/
   ```

1. Extract the gaming driver installation utility from the downloaded `.zip` archive.

   ```
   $ unzip *Gaming-Linux-Guest-Drivers.zip -d nvidia-drivers
   ```

1. Add permissions to run the driver installation utility using the following command:

   ```
   $ chmod +x nvidia-drivers/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64*-grid.run
   ```

1. Run the installer using the following command:

   ```
   $ sudo nvidia-drivers/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64*.run
   ```

   When prompted, accept the license agreement and specify the installation options as required (you can accept the default options).

1. Use the following command to create the required configuration file.

   ```
   $ cat << EOF | sudo tee -a /etc/nvidia/gridd.conf
   vGamingMarketplace=2
   EOF
   ```

1. Use the following command to download and rename the certification file.
   + For version 590.48 or later:

     ```
     $ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert_2026_03_02.cert"
     ```
   + For version 460.39 to 580.95:

     ```
     $ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCertLinux_2024_02_22.cert"
     ```
   + For version 440.68 to 445.48:

     ```
     $ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert-Linux_2020_04.cert"
     ```
   + For earlier versions:

     ```
     $ sudo curl -o /etc/nvidia/GridSwCert.txt "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert-Linux_2019_09.cert"
     ```

1. If you are using NVIDIA driver version 510.x or greater on the G4dn, G5, or G5g instances, disable GSP with the following commands. For more information about why this is required, see the [NVIDIA documentation](https://docs.nvidia.com/vgpu/latest/grid-vgpu-user-guide/index.html#disabling-gsp).

   ```
   $ sudo touch /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf
   ```

   ```
   $ echo "options nvidia NVreg_EnableGpuFirmware=0" | sudo tee --append /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf
   ```

1. Reboot the instance.

   ```
   $ sudo reboot
   ```

1. (Optional) To help take advantage of a single display of up to 4K resolution, set up the high-performance display protocol [Amazon DCV](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/dcv/). If you do not require this functionality, do not complete this step.

## Windows operating systems
<a name="nvidia-gaming-windows"></a>

Before you install an NVIDIA gaming driver on your instance, you must ensure that the following prerequisites are met in addition to the considerations mentioned for all gaming drivers.
+ If you launch your Windows instance using a custom Windows AMI, the AMI must be a standardized image created with Windows Sysprep to ensure that the gaming driver works. For more information, see [Create an Amazon EC2 AMI using Windows Sysprep](ami-create-win-sysprep.md).
+ Configure default credentials for the AWS Tools for Windows PowerShell on your Windows instance. For more information, see [Getting Started with the AWS Tools for Windows PowerShell](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/powershell/latest/userguide/pstools-getting-started.html) in the *AWS Tools for PowerShell User Guide*.

**To install the NVIDIA gaming driver on your Windows instance**

1. Connect to your Windows instance and open a PowerShell window.

1. Download and install the gaming driver using the following PowerShell commands.

   ```
   $Bucket = "nvidia-gaming"
   $KeyPrefix = "windows/latest"
   $LocalPath = "$home\Desktop\NVIDIA"
   $Objects = Get-S3Object -BucketName $Bucket -KeyPrefix $KeyPrefix -Region us-east-1
   foreach ($Object in $Objects) {
   $LocalFileName = $Object.Key
   if ($LocalFileName -ne '' -and $Object.Size -ne 0) {
   $LocalFilePath = Join-Path $LocalPath $LocalFileName
   Copy-S3Object -BucketName $Bucket -Key $Object.Key -LocalFile $LocalFilePath -Region us-east-1
   }
   }
   ```

   Multiple versions of the NVIDIA GRID driver are stored in this S3 bucket. You can download all of the available versions in the bucket if you change the value of the `$KeyPrefix` variable from *"windows/latest"* to *"windows"*.

1. Navigate to the desktop and double-click the installation file to launch it (choose the driver version that corresponds to your instance OS version). Follow the instructions to install the driver and reboot your instance as required. To verify that the GPU is working properly, check Device Manager.

1. Use one of the following methods to register the driver.

------
#### [ Version 527.27 or above ]

   Create the following registry key with the 64-bit version of PowerShell, or the Command Prompt window.

   *key*: `HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\nvlddmkm\Global`

   *name*: vGamingMarketplace

   *type*: DWord

   *value*: 2

**PowerShell**  
Run the following PowerShell command to create this registry value. The AWS Tools for PowerShell in AWS Windows AMIs defaults to the 32-bit version and this command fails. Instead, use the 64-bit version of PowerShell included with the operating system.

   ```
   New-ItemProperty -Path "HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\nvlddmkm\Global" -Name "vGamingMarketplace" -PropertyType "DWord" -Value "2"
   ```

**Command Prompt**  
Run the following registry command to create this registry value. You can run it using the Command Prompt window or a 64-bit version of PowerShell.

   ```
   reg add "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\nvlddmkm\Global" /v vGamingMarketplace /t REG_DWORD /d 2
   ```

------
#### [ Earlier versions ]

   Create the following registry key with the 64-bit version of PowerShell, or the Command Prompt window.

   *key*: `HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\NVIDIA Corporation\Global`

   *name*: vGamingMarketplace

   *type*: DWord

   *value*: 2

**PowerShell**  
Run the following PowerShell command to create this registry value. The AWS Tools for PowerShell in AWS Windows AMIs defaults to the 32-bit version and this command fails. Instead, use the 64-bit version of PowerShell included with the operating system.

   ```
   New-ItemProperty -Path "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\NVIDIA Corporation\Global" -Name "vGamingMarketplace" -PropertyType "DWord" -Value "2"
   ```

**Command Prompt**  
Run the following registry command to create this registry key with the Command Prompt window. You can also use this command in the 64-bit version of PowerShell.

   ```
   reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\NVIDIA Corporation\Global" /v vGamingMarketplace /t REG_DWORD /d 2
   ```

------

1. Run the following command in PowerShell. This downloads the certification file, renames the file `GridSwCert.txt`, and moves the file to the Public Documents folder on your system drive. Typically, the folder path is `C:\Users\Public\Documents`.
   + For version 591.59 or later:

     ```
     Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert_2026_03_02.cert" -OutFile "$Env:PUBLIC\Documents\GridSwCert.txt"
     ```
   + For version 460.39 to 581.80:

     ```
     Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCertWindows_2024_02_22.cert" -OutFile "$Env:PUBLIC\Documents\GridSwCert.txt"
     ```
   + For version 445.87:

     ```
     Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert-Windows_2020_04.cert" -OutFile "$Env:PUBLIC\Documents\GridSwCert.txt"
     ```
   + For earlier versions:

     ```
     Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://nvidia-gaming.s3.amazonaws.com/GridSwCert-Archive/GridSwCert-Windows_2019_09.cert" -OutFile "$Env:PUBLIC\Documents\GridSwCert.txt"
     ```

   If you receive an error when downloading the file, and you are using Windows Server 2016 or earlier, TLS 1.2 might need to be enabled for your PowerShell terminal. You can enable TLS 1.2 for the current PowerShell session with the following command and then try again:

   ```
   [Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
   ```

1. Reboot your instance.

1. Locate the `nvidia-smi.exe` file on the instance.

   ```
   Get-ChildItem -Path C:\ -Recurse -Filter "nvidia-smi.exe"
   ```

   Verify the NVIDIA Gaming license using the following command. Replace *path* with the name of the folder in the output from the previous command.

   ```
   C:\Windows\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\path\nvidia-smi.exe -q
   ```

   The output should be similar to the following.

   ```
   vGPU Software Licensed Product
   Product Name              : NVIDIA Cloud Gaming
   License Status            : Licensed (Expiry: N/A)
   ```

1. (Optional) To help take advantage of the single display of up to 4K resolution, set up the high-performance display protocol [Amazon DCV](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/dcv/). If you do not require this functionality, do not complete this step.