# Modifying connection properties using sqlnet.ora parameters
The sqlnet.ora file includes parameters that configure Oracle Net features on Oracle database servers and clients. Using the parameters in the sqlnet.ora file, you can modify properties for connections in and out of the database.
For more information about why you might set sqlnet.ora parameters, see [Configuring profile parameters](https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/NETAG/profile.htm#NETAG009) in the Oracle documentation.
## Setting sqlnet.ora parameters
Amazon RDS for Oracle parameter groups include a subset of sqlnet.ora parameters. You set them in the same way that you set other Oracle parameters. The `sqlnetora.` prefix identifies which parameters are sqlnet.ora parameters. For example, in an Oracle parameter group in Amazon RDS, the `default_sdu_size` sqlnet.ora parameter is `sqlnetora.default_sdu_size`.
For information about managing parameter groups and setting parameter values, see [Parameter groups for Amazon RDS](USER_WorkingWithParamGroups.md).
## Supported sqlnet.ora parameters
Amazon RDS supports the following sqlnet.ora parameters. Changes to dynamic sqlnet.ora parameters take effect immediately.
****
| Parameter | Valid values | Static/Dynamic | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `sqlnetora.default_sdu_size` | `512` to `2097152` | Dynamic | The session data unit (SDU) size, in bytes. The SDU is the amount of data that is put in a buffer and sent across the network at one time. |
| `sqlnetora.diag_adr_enabled` | `ON`, `OFF` | Dynamic | A value that enables or disables Automatic Diagnostic Repository (ADR) tracing. `ON` specifies that ADR file tracing is used. `OFF` specifies that non-ADR file tracing is used. |
| `sqlnetora.recv_buf_size` | `8192` to `268435456` | Dynamic | The buffer space limit for receive operations of sessions, supported by the TCP/IP, TCP/IP with SSL, and SDP protocols. |
| `sqlnetora.send_buf_size` | `8192` to `268435456` | Dynamic | The buffer space limit for send operations of sessions, supported by the TCP/IP, TCP/IP with SSL, and SDP protocols. |
| `sqlnetora.sqlnet.allowed_logon_version_client` | `8`, `10`, `11`, `12` | Dynamic | Minimum authentication protocol version allowed for clients, and servers acting as clients, to establish a connection to Oracle DB instances. |
| `sqlnetora.sqlnet.allowed_logon_version_server` | `8`, `9`, `10`, `11`, `12`, `12a` | Dynamic | Minimum authentication protocol version allowed to establish a connection to Oracle DB instances. |
| `sqlnetora.sqlnet.expire_time` | `0` to `1440` | Dynamic | Time interval, in minutes, to send a check to verify that client-server connections are active. |
| `sqlnetora.sqlnet.inbound_connect_timeout` | `0` or `10` to `7200` | Dynamic | Time, in seconds, for a client to connect with the database server and provide the necessary authentication information. |
| `sqlnetora.sqlnet.outbound_connect_timeout` | `0` or `10` to `7200` | Dynamic | Time, in seconds, for a client to establish an Oracle Net connection to the DB instance. |
| `sqlnetora.sqlnet.recv_timeout` | `0` or `10` to `7200` | Dynamic | Time, in seconds, for a database server to wait for client data after establishing a connection. |
| `sqlnetora.sqlnet.send_timeout` | `0` or `10` to `7200` | Dynamic | Time, in seconds, for a database server to complete a send operation to clients after establishing a connection. |
| `sqlnetora.tcp.connect_timeout` | `0` or `10` to `7200` | Dynamic | Time, in seconds, for a client to establish a TCP connection to the database server. |
| `sqlnetora.trace_level_server` | `0`, `4`, `10`, `16`, `OFF`, `USER`, `ADMIN`, `SUPPORT` | Dynamic | For non-ADR tracing, turns server tracing on at a specified level or turns it off. |
The default value for each supported sqlnet.ora parameter is the Oracle Database default for the release.
## Viewing sqlnet.ora parameters
You can view sqlnet.ora parameters and their settings using the AWS Management Console, the AWS CLI, or a SQL client.
### Viewing sqlnet.ora parameters using the console
For information about viewing parameters in a parameter group, see [Parameter groups for Amazon RDS](USER_WorkingWithParamGroups.md).
In Oracle parameter groups, the `sqlnetora.` prefix identifies which parameters are sqlnet.ora parameters.
### Viewing sqlnet.ora parameters using the AWS CLI
To view the sqlnet.ora parameters that were configured in an Oracle parameter group, use the AWS CLI [describe-db-parameters](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/rds/describe-db-parameters.html) command.
To view the all of the sqlnet.ora parameters for an Oracle DB instance, call the AWS CLI [download-db-log-file-portion](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/rds/download-db-log-file-portion.html) command. Specify the DB instance identifier, the log file name, and the type of output.
**Example**
The following code lists all of the sqlnet.ora parameters for `mydbinstance`.
For Linux, macOS, or Unix:
```
aws rds download-db-log-file-portion \
--db-instance-identifier mydbinstance \
--log-file-name trace/sqlnet-parameters \
--output text
```
For Windows:
```
aws rds download-db-log-file-portion ^
--db-instance-identifier mydbinstance ^
--log-file-name trace/sqlnet-parameters ^
--output text
```
### Viewing sqlnet.ora parameters using a SQL client
After you connect to the Oracle DB instance in a SQL client, the following query lists the sqlnet.ora parameters.
```
1. SELECT * FROM TABLE
2. (rdsadmin.rds_file_util.read_text_file(
3. p_directory => 'BDUMP',
4. p_filename => 'sqlnet-parameters'));
```
For information about connecting to an Oracle DB instance in a SQL client, see [Connecting to your Oracle DB instance](USER_ConnectToOracleInstance.md).