Amazon EventBridge Construct Library

---

End-of-Support

AWS CDK v1 has reached End-of-Support on 2023-06-01. This package is no longer being updated, and users should migrate to AWS CDK v2.

For more information on how to migrate, see the Migrating to AWS CDK v2 guide.

Amazon EventBridge delivers a near real-time stream of system events that describe changes in AWS resources. For example, an AWS CodePipeline emits the State Change event when the pipeline changes its state.

  • Events: An event indicates a change in your AWS environment. AWS resources can generate events when their state changes. For example, Amazon EC2 generates an event when the state of an EC2 instance changes from pending to running, and Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling generates events when it launches or terminates instances. AWS CloudTrail publishes events when you make API calls. You can generate custom application-level events and publish them to EventBridge. You can also set up scheduled events that are generated on a periodic basis. For a list of services that generate events, and sample events from each service, see EventBridge Event Examples From Each Supported Service.

  • Targets: A target processes events. Targets can include Amazon EC2 instances, AWS Lambda functions, Kinesis streams, Amazon ECS tasks, Step Functions state machines, Amazon SNS topics, Amazon SQS queues, Amazon CloudWatch LogGroups, and built-in targets. A target receives events in JSON format.

  • Rules: A rule matches incoming events and routes them to targets for processing. A single rule can route to multiple targets, all of which are processed in parallel. Rules are not processed in a particular order. This enables different parts of an organization to look for and process the events that are of interest to them. A rule can customize the JSON sent to the target, by passing only certain parts or by overwriting it with a constant.

  • EventBuses: An event bus can receive events from your own custom applications or it can receive events from applications and services created by AWS SaaS partners. See Creating an Event Bus.

Rule

The Rule construct defines an EventBridge rule which monitors an event based on an event pattern and invoke event targets when the pattern is matched against a triggered event. Event targets are objects that implement the IRuleTarget interface.

Normally, you will use one of the source.onXxx(name[, target[, options]]) -> Rule methods on the event source to define an event rule associated with the specific activity. You can targets either via props, or add targets using rule.addTarget.

For example, to define an rule that triggers a CodeBuild project build when a commit is pushed to the “master” branch of a CodeCommit repository:

# repo: codecommit.Repository
# project: codebuild.Project


on_commit_rule = repo.on_commit("OnCommit",
    target=targets.CodeBuildProject(project),
    branches=["master"]
)

You can add additional targets, with optional input transformer using eventRule.addTarget(target[, input]). For example, we can add a SNS topic target which formats a human-readable message for the commit.

For example, this adds an SNS topic as a target:

# on_commit_rule: events.Rule
# topic: sns.Topic


on_commit_rule.add_target(targets.SnsTopic(topic,
    message=events.RuleTargetInput.from_text(f"A commit was pushed to the repository {codecommit.ReferenceEvent.repositoryName} on branch {codecommit.ReferenceEvent.referenceName}")
))

Or using an Object:

# on_commit_rule: events.Rule
# topic: sns.Topic


on_commit_rule.add_target(targets.SnsTopic(topic,
    message=events.RuleTargetInput.from_object({
        "DataType": f"custom_{events.EventField.fromPath('$.detail-type')}"
    })
))

Scheduling

You can configure a Rule to run on a schedule (cron or rate). Rate must be specified in minutes, hours or days.

The following example runs a task every day at 4am:

from aws_cdk.aws_events import Rule, Schedule
from aws_cdk.aws_events_targets import EcsTask
from aws_cdk.aws_ecs import Cluster, TaskDefinition
from aws_cdk.aws_iam import Role

# cluster: Cluster
# task_definition: TaskDefinition
# role: Role


ecs_task_target = EcsTask(cluster=cluster, task_definition=task_definition, role=role)

Rule(self, "ScheduleRule",
    schedule=Schedule.cron(minute="0", hour="4"),
    targets=[ecs_task_target]
)

If you want to specify Fargate platform version, set platformVersion in EcsTask’s props like the following example:

# cluster: ecs.Cluster
# task_definition: ecs.TaskDefinition
# role: iam.Role


platform_version = ecs.FargatePlatformVersion.VERSION1_4
ecs_task_target = targets.EcsTask(cluster=cluster, task_definition=task_definition, role=role, platform_version=platform_version)

Event Targets

The @aws-cdk/aws-events-targets module includes classes that implement the IRuleTarget interface for various AWS services.

The following targets are supported:

  • targets.CodeBuildProject: Start an AWS CodeBuild build

  • targets.CodePipeline: Start an AWS CodePipeline pipeline execution

  • targets.EcsTask: Start a task on an Amazon ECS cluster

  • targets.LambdaFunction: Invoke an AWS Lambda function

  • targets.SnsTopic: Publish into an SNS topic

  • targets.SqsQueue: Send a message to an Amazon SQS Queue

  • targets.SfnStateMachine: Trigger an AWS Step Functions state machine

  • targets.BatchJob: Queue an AWS Batch Job

  • targets.AwsApi: Make an AWS API call

  • targets.ApiGateway: Invoke an AWS API Gateway

  • targets.ApiDestination: Make an call to an external destination

Cross-account and cross-region targets

It’s possible to have the source of the event and a target in separate AWS accounts and regions:

from aws_cdk.core import Environment, Environment
from aws_cdk.core import App, Stack
import aws_cdk.aws_codebuild as codebuild
import aws_cdk.aws_codecommit as codecommit
import aws_cdk.aws_events_targets as targets

app = App()

account1 = "11111111111"
account2 = "22222222222"

stack1 = Stack(app, "Stack1", env=Environment(account=account1, region="us-west-1"))
repo = codecommit.Repository(stack1, "Repository",
    repository_name="myrepository"
)

stack2 = Stack(app, "Stack2", env=Environment(account=account2, region="us-east-1"))
project = codebuild.Project(stack2, "Project")

repo.on_commit("OnCommit",
    target=targets.CodeBuildProject(project)
)

In this situation, the CDK will wire the 2 accounts together:

  • It will generate a rule in the source stack with the event bus of the target account as the target

  • It will generate a rule in the target stack, with the provided target

  • It will generate a separate stack that gives the source account permissions to publish events to the event bus of the target account in the given region, and make sure its deployed before the source stack

For more information, see the AWS documentation on cross-account events.

Archiving

It is possible to archive all or some events sent to an event bus. It is then possible to replay these events.

bus = events.EventBus(self, "bus",
    event_bus_name="MyCustomEventBus"
)

bus.archive("MyArchive",
    archive_name="MyCustomEventBusArchive",
    description="MyCustomerEventBus Archive",
    event_pattern=events.EventPattern(
        account=[Stack.of(self).account]
    ),
    retention=Duration.days(365)
)

Granting PutEvents to an existing EventBus

To import an existing EventBus into your CDK application, use EventBus.fromEventBusArn, EventBus.fromEventBusAttributes or EventBus.fromEventBusName factory method.

Then, you can use the grantPutEventsTo method to grant event:PutEvents to the eventBus.

# lambda_function: lambda.Function


event_bus = events.EventBus.from_event_bus_arn(self, "ImportedEventBus", "arn:aws:events:us-east-1:111111111:event-bus/my-event-bus")

# now you can just call methods on the eventbus
event_bus.grant_put_events_to(lambda_function)