Package software.amazon.awscdk.services.globalaccelerator

package software.amazon.awscdk.services.globalaccelerator

AWS::GlobalAccelerator Construct Library

Introduction

AWS Global Accelerator (AGA) is a service that improves the availability and performance of your applications with local or global users.

It intercepts your user's network connection at an edge location close to them, and routes it to one of potentially multiple, redundant backends across the more reliable and less congested AWS global network.

AGA can be used to route traffic to Application Load Balancers, Network Load Balancers, EC2 Instances and Elastic IP Addresses.

For more information, see the AWS Global Accelerator Developer Guide.

Example

Here's an example that sets up a Global Accelerator for two Application Load Balancers in two different AWS Regions: 

 // Create an Accelerator
 Accelerator accelerator = new Accelerator(this, "Accelerator");
 
 // Create a Listener
 Listener listener = accelerator.addListener("Listener", ListenerOptions.builder()
         .portRanges(List.of(PortRange.builder().fromPort(80).build(), PortRange.builder().fromPort(443).build()))
         .build());
 
 // Import the Load Balancers
 INetworkLoadBalancer nlb1 = NetworkLoadBalancer.fromNetworkLoadBalancerAttributes(this, "NLB1", NetworkLoadBalancerAttributes.builder()
         .loadBalancerArn("arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:us-west-2:111111111111:loadbalancer/app/my-load-balancer1/e16bef66805b")
         .build());
 INetworkLoadBalancer nlb2 = NetworkLoadBalancer.fromNetworkLoadBalancerAttributes(this, "NLB2", NetworkLoadBalancerAttributes.builder()
         .loadBalancerArn("arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:ap-south-1:111111111111:loadbalancer/app/my-load-balancer2/5513dc2ea8a1")
         .build());
 
 // Add one EndpointGroup for each Region we are targeting
 listener.addEndpointGroup("Group1", EndpointGroupOptions.builder()
         .endpoints(List.of(new NetworkLoadBalancerEndpoint(nlb1)))
         .build());
 listener.addEndpointGroup("Group2", EndpointGroupOptions.builder()
         // Imported load balancers automatically calculate their Region from the ARN.
         // If you are load balancing to other resources, you must also pass a `region`
         // parameter here.
         .endpoints(List.of(new NetworkLoadBalancerEndpoint(nlb2)))
         .build());

Create an Accelerator with IP addresses and IP address type

 Accelerator accelerator = Accelerator.Builder.create(this, "Accelerator")
         .ipAddresses(List.of("1.1.1.1", "2.2.2.2"))
         .ipAddressType(IpAddressType.IPV4)
         .build();

Concepts

The Accelerator construct defines a Global Accelerator resource.

An Accelerator includes one or more Listeners that accepts inbound connections on one or more ports.

Each Listener has one or more Endpoint Groups, representing multiple geographically distributed copies of your application. There is one Endpoint Group per Region, and user traffic is routed to the closest Region by default.

An Endpoint Group consists of one or more Endpoints, which is where the user traffic coming in on the Listener is ultimately sent. The Endpoint port used is the same as the traffic came in on at the Listener, unless overridden.

Types of Endpoints

There are 4 types of Endpoints, and they can be found in the aws-cdk-lib/aws-globalaccelerator-endpoints package:

  • Application Load Balancers
  • Network Load Balancers
  • EC2 Instances
  • Elastic IP Addresses

Application Load Balancers

 ApplicationLoadBalancer alb;
 Listener listener;
 
 
 listener.addEndpointGroup("Group", EndpointGroupOptions.builder()
         .endpoints(List.of(
             ApplicationLoadBalancerEndpoint.Builder.create(alb)
                     .weight(128)
                     .preserveClientIp(true)
                     .build()))
         .build());

Network Load Balancers

 NetworkLoadBalancer nlb;
 Listener listener;
 
 
 listener.addEndpointGroup("Group", EndpointGroupOptions.builder()
         .endpoints(List.of(
             NetworkLoadBalancerEndpoint.Builder.create(nlb)
                     .weight(128)
                     .preserveClientIp(true)
                     .build()))
         .build());

EC2 Instances

 Listener listener;
 Instance instance;
 
 
 listener.addEndpointGroup("Group", EndpointGroupOptions.builder()
         .endpoints(List.of(
             InstanceEndpoint.Builder.create(instance)
                     .weight(128)
                     .preserveClientIp(true)
                     .build()))
         .build());

Elastic IP Addresses

 Listener listener;
 CfnEIP eip;
 
 
 listener.addEndpointGroup("Group", EndpointGroupOptions.builder()
         .endpoints(List.of(
             CfnEipEndpoint.Builder.create(eip)
                     .weight(128)
                     .build()))
         .build());

Client IP Address Preservation and Security Groups

When using the preserveClientIp feature, AGA creates Elastic Network Interfaces (ENIs) in your AWS account, that are associated with a Security Group AGA creates for you. You can use the security group created by AGA as a source group in other security groups (such as those for EC2 instances or Elastic Load Balancers), if you want to restrict incoming traffic to the AGA security group rules.

AGA creates a specific security group called GlobalAccelerator for each VPC it has an ENI in (this behavior can not be changed). CloudFormation doesn't support referencing the security group created by AGA, but this construct library comes with a custom resource that enables you to reference the AGA security group.

Call endpointGroup.connectionsPeer() to obtain a reference to the Security Group which you can use in connection rules. You must pass a reference to the VPC in whose context the security group will be looked up. Example: 

 Listener listener;
 
 // Non-open ALB
 ApplicationLoadBalancer alb;
 
 // Remember that there is only one AGA security group per VPC.
 Vpc vpc;
 
 
 EndpointGroup endpointGroup = listener.addEndpointGroup("Group", EndpointGroupOptions.builder()
         .endpoints(List.of(
             ApplicationLoadBalancerEndpoint.Builder.create(alb)
                     .preserveClientIp(true)
                     .build()))
         .build());
 IPeer agaSg = endpointGroup.connectionsPeer("GlobalAcceleratorSG", vpc);
 
 // Allow connections from the AGA to the ALB
 alb.connections.allowFrom(agaSg, Port.tcp(443));