# \$1geoWithin
<a name="geoWithin"></a>

The `$geoWithin` operator in Amazon DocumentDB is used to find documents whose location data (represented as GeoJSON objects) are completely contained within a specified shape, such as a polygon or multipolygon. This is useful for querying for objects that are located within a specific geographic region.

**Parameters**
+ `$geometry`: A GeoJSON object that represents the shape to query against.

## Example (MongoDB Shell)
<a name="geoWithin-examples"></a>

The following example demonstrates how to use the `$geoWithin` operator to find all airports located within the state of New York.

**Create sample documents**

```
// Insert state document
db.states.insert({
    "name": "New York",
    "loc": {
        "type": "Polygon",
        "coordinates": [[
            [-79.76278, 45.0],
            [-73.94, 45.0],
            [-73.94, 40.5],
            [-79.76278, 40.5],
            [-79.76278, 45.0]
        ]]
    }
});

// Insert airport documents
db.airports.insert([
    {
        "name": "John F. Kennedy International Airport",
        "type": "airport",
        "code": "JFK",
        "loc": {
            "type": "Point",
            "coordinates": [-73.7781, 40.6413]
        }
    },
    {
        "name": "LaGuardia Airport",
        "type": "airport",
        "code": "LGA",
        "loc": {
            "type": "Point",
            "coordinates": [-73.8772, 40.7769]
        }
    },
    {
        "name": "Buffalo Niagara International Airport",
        "type": "airport",
        "code": "BUF",
        "loc": {
            "type": "Point",
            "coordinates": [-78.7322, 42.9403]
        }
    }
]);
```

**Query example**

```
var state = db.states.findOne({"name": "New York"});

db.airports.find({
    "loc": {
        "$geoWithin": {
            "$geometry": state.loc
        }
    }
}, {
    "name": 1,
    "type": 1,
    "code": 1,
    "_id": 0
});
```

**Output**

```
[
  {
    "name": "John F. Kennedy International Airport",
    "type": "airport",
    "code": "JFK"
  },
  {
    "name": "LaGuardia Airport",
    "type": "airport",
    "code": "LGA"
  }
]
```

## Code examples
<a name="geoWithin-code"></a>

To view a code example for using the `$geoWithin` command, choose the tab for the language that you want to use:

------
#### [ Node.js ]

```
const { MongoClient } = require('mongodb');

async function findAirportsWithinState(stateName) {
  const client = await MongoClient.connect('mongodb://<username>:<password>@<cluster-endpoint>:27017/?tls=true&tlsCAFile=global-bundle.pem&replicaSet=rs0&readPreference=secondaryPreferred&retryWrites=false');
  const db = client.db('test');

  const stateDoc = await db.collection('states').findOne({ name: stateName }, { projection: { _id: 0, loc: 1 } });
  const airportDocs = await db.collection('airports').find({
    loc: {
      $geoWithin: {
        $geometry: stateDoc.loc
      }
    }
  }, { projection: { name: 1, type: 1, code: 1, _id: 0 } }).toArray();

  console.log(airportDocs);

  await client.close();
}

findAirportsWithinState('New York');
```

------
#### [ Python ]

```
from pymongo import MongoClient

def find_airports_within_state(state_name):
    try:
        client = MongoClient('mongodb://<username>:<password>@<cluster-endpoint>:27017/?tls=true&tlsCAFile=global-bundle.pem&replicaSet=rs0&readPreference=secondaryPreferred&retryWrites=false')
        db = client['test']
        state_doc = db.states.find_one({'name': state_name}, {'_id': 0, 'loc': 1})
        airport_docs = db.airports.find({
            'loc': {
                '$geoWithin': {
                    '$geometry': state_doc['loc']
                }
            }
        }, {'name': 1, 'type': 1, 'code': 1, '_id': 0})
        
        return list(airport_docs)
    except Exception as e:
        print(f'Error: {e}')
    finally:
        client.close()

airports = find_airports_within_state('New York')
print(airports)
```

------