Troubleshoot Amazon EC2 instance launch issues - Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud
Invalid device nameInstance limit exceededInsufficient instance capacityThe requested configuration is currently not supported. Please check the documentation for supported configurations.Instance terminates immediatelyInsufficient permissionsHigh CPU usage shortly after Windows starts (Windows instances only)

Troubleshoot Amazon EC2 instance launch issues

The following are troubleshooting tips to help you solve issues when launching an Amazon EC2 instance.

Invalid device name

Description

You get the Invalid device name device_name error when you try to launch a new instance.

Cause

If you get this error when you try to launch an instance, the device name specified for one or more volumes in the request has an invalid device name. Possible causes include:

  • The device name might be in use by the selected AMI.

  • The device name might be reserved for root volumes.

  • The device name might be used for another volume in the request.

  • The device name might not be valid for the operating system.

Solution

To resolve the issue:

  • Ensure that the device name is not used in the AMI that you selected. Run the following command to view the device names used by the AMI.

    aws ec2 describe-images --image-id ami_id --query 'Images[*].BlockDeviceMappings[].DeviceName'

  • Ensure that you are not using a device name that is reserved for root volumes. For more information, see Available device names.

  • Ensure that each volume specified in your request has a unique device name.

  • Ensure that the device names that you specified are in the correct format. For more information, see Available device names.

Instance limit exceeded

Description

You get the InstanceLimitExceeded error when you try to launch a new instance or restart a stopped instance.

Cause

If you get an InstanceLimitExceeded error when you try to launch a new instance or restart a stopped instance, you have reached the limit on the number of instances that you can launch in a Region. When you create your AWS account, we set default limits on the number of instances you can run on a per-Region basis.

Solution

You can request an instance limit increase on a per-region basis. For more information, see Amazon EC2 service quotas.

Insufficient instance capacity

Description

You get the InsufficientInstanceCapacity error when you try to launch a new instance or restart a stopped instance.

Cause

If you get this error when you try to launch an instance or restart a stopped instance, AWS does not currently have enough available On-Demand capacity to fulfill your request.

Solution

To resolve the issue, try the following:

  • Wait a few minutes and then submit your request again; capacity can shift frequently.

  • Submit a new request with a reduced number of instances. For example, if you're making a single request to launch 15 instances, try making 3 requests for 5 instances, or 15 requests for 1 instance instead.

  • If you're launching an instance, submit a new request without specifying an Availability Zone.

  • If you're launching an instance, submit a new request using a different instance type (which you can resize at a later stage). For more information, see Amazon EC2 instance type changes.

  • If you are launching instances into a cluster placement group, you can get an insufficient capacity error.

The requested configuration is currently not supported. Please check the documentation for supported configurations.

Description

You get the Unsupported error when you try to launch a new instance because the instance configuration is not supported.

Cause

The error message provides additional details. For example, an instance type or instance purchasing option might not be supported in the specified Region or Availability Zone.

Solution

Try a different instance configuration. To search for an instance type that meets your requirements, see Find an Amazon EC2 instance type.

Instance terminates immediately

Description

Your instance goes from the pending state to the terminated state.

Cause

The following are a few reasons why an instance might immediately terminate:

  • You've exceeded your EBS volume limits. For more information, see Amazon EBS volume limits for Amazon EC2 instances.

  • An EBS snapshot is corrupted.

  • The root EBS volume is encrypted and you do not have permissions to access the KMS key for decryption.

  • A snapshot specified in the block device mapping for the AMI is encrypted and you do not have permissions to access the KMS key for decryption or you do not have access to the KMS key to encrypt the restored volumes.

  • The instance store-backed AMI that you used to launch the instance is missing a required part (an image.part.xx file).

For more information, get the termination reason using one of the following methods.

To get the termination reason using the Amazon EC2 console

  1. Open the Amazon EC2 console at https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/.

  2. In the navigation pane, choose Instances, and select the instance.

  3. On the first tab, find the reason next to State transition reason.

To get the termination reason using the AWS Command Line Interface

  1. Use the describe-instances command and specify the instance ID.

    aws ec2 describe-instances --instance-id instance_id

  2. Review the JSON response returned by the command and note the values in the StateReason response element.

    The following code block shows an example of a StateReason response element.

    "StateReason": {
  "Message": "Client.VolumeLimitExceeded: Volume limit exceeded", 
  "Code": "Server.InternalError"
},
To get the termination reason using AWS CloudTrail

For more information, see Viewing events with CloudTrail event history in the AWS CloudTrail User Guide.

Solution

Depending on the termination reason, take one of the following actions:

  • Client.VolumeLimitExceeded: Volume limit exceeded — Delete unused volumes. You can submit a request to increase your volume limit.

  • Client.InternalError: Client error on launch — Ensure that you have the permissions required to access the AWS KMS keys used to decrypt and encrypt volumes. For more information, see Using key policies in AWS KMS in the AWS Key Management Service Developer Guide.

Insufficient permissions

Description

You get the "errorMessage": "You are not authorized to perform this operation." error when you try to launch a new instance, and the launch fails.

Cause

If you get this error when you try to launch an instance, you don't have the required IAM permissions to launch the instance.

Possible missing permissions include:

  • ec2:RunInstances

  • iam:PassRole

Other permissions might also be missing. For the list of permissions required to launch an instance, see the example IAM policies under Example: Use the EC2 launch instance wizard and Launch instances (RunInstances).

Solution

To resolve the issue:

  • If you are making requests as an IAM user, verify that you have the following permissions:

    • ec2:RunInstances with a wildcard resource ("*")

    • iam:PassRole with the resource matching the role ARN (for example, arn:aws:iam::999999999999:role/ExampleRoleName)

  • If you don't have the preceding permissions, edit the IAM policy associated with the IAM role or user to add the missing required permissions.

If your issue is not resolved and you continue receiving a launch failure error, you can decode the authorization failure message included in the error. The decoded message includes the permissions that are missing from the IAM policy. For more information, see How do I decode an authorization failure message after I receive an "UnauthorizedOperation" error during an EC2 instance launch?

High CPU usage shortly after Windows starts (Windows instances only)

Note

This troubleshooting tip is for Windows instances only.

If Windows Update is set to Check for updates but let me choose whether to download and install them (the default instance setting) this check can consume anywhere from 50 - 99% of the CPU on the instance. If this CPU consumption causes problems for your applications, you can manually change Windows Update settings in Control Panel or you can use the following script in the Amazon EC2 user data field:

reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\WindowsUpdate\Auto Update" /v AUOptions /t REG_DWORD /d 3 /f net stop wuauserv net start wuauserv

When you run this script, specify a value for /d. The default value is 3. Possible values include the following:

  1. Never check for updates

  2. Check for updates but let me choose whether to download and install them

  3. Download updates but let me choose whether to install them

  4. Install updates automatically

After you modify the user data for your instance, you can run it. For more information, see Run commands on your Windows instance at launch.