Hay más AWS SDK ejemplos disponibles en el GitHub repositorio de AWS Doc SDK Examples
Las traducciones son generadas a través de traducción automática. En caso de conflicto entre la traducción y la version original de inglés, prevalecerá la version en inglés.
Cree usuarios de solo lectura y de lectura y escritura mediante un IAM AWS SDK
El siguiente ejemplo de código muestra cómo crear usuarios y asociar políticas a ellos.
aviso
Para evitar riesgos de seguridad, no utilice a IAM los usuarios para autenticarse cuando desarrolle software diseñado específicamente o trabaje con datos reales. En cambio, utilice la federación con un proveedor de identidades como AWS IAM Identity Center.
Cree dos IAM usuarios.
Asocie una política para que un usuario pueda obtener objetos y ponerlos en un bucket de Amazon S3.
Asocie una política que permita al segundo usuario obtener objetos del bucket.
Obtenga diferentes permisos para el bucket en función de las credenciales del usuario.
- Python
-
- SDKpara Python (Boto3)
-
nota
Hay más información. GitHub Busque el ejemplo completo y aprenda a configurar y ejecutar en el Repositorio de ejemplos de código de AWS
. Cree funciones que agrupen las acciones IAM del usuario.
import logging import time import boto3 from botocore.exceptions import ClientError import access_key_wrapper import policy_wrapper logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) iam = boto3.resource("iam") def create_user(user_name): """ Creates a user. By default, a user has no permissions or access keys. :param user_name: The name of the user. :return: The newly created user. """ try: user = iam.create_user(UserName=user_name) logger.info("Created user %s.", user.name) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't create user %s.", user_name) raise else: return user def update_user(user_name, new_user_name): """ Updates a user's name. :param user_name: The current name of the user to update. :param new_user_name: The new name to assign to the user. :return: The updated user. """ try: user = iam.User(user_name) user.update(NewUserName=new_user_name) logger.info("Renamed %s to %s.", user_name, new_user_name) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't update name for user %s.", user_name) raise return user def list_users(): """ Lists the users in the current account. :return: The list of users. """ try: users = list(iam.users.all()) logger.info("Got %s users.", len(users)) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't get users.") raise else: return users def delete_user(user_name): """ Deletes a user. Before a user can be deleted, all associated resources, such as access keys and policies, must be deleted or detached. :param user_name: The name of the user. """ try: iam.User(user_name).delete() logger.info("Deleted user %s.", user_name) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't delete user %s.", user_name) raise def attach_policy(user_name, policy_arn): """ Attaches a policy to a user. :param user_name: The name of the user. :param policy_arn: The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the policy. """ try: iam.User(user_name).attach_policy(PolicyArn=policy_arn) logger.info("Attached policy %s to user %s.", policy_arn, user_name) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't attach policy %s to user %s.", policy_arn, user_name) raise def detach_policy(user_name, policy_arn): """ Detaches a policy from a user. :param user_name: The name of the user. :param policy_arn: The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the policy. """ try: iam.User(user_name).detach_policy(PolicyArn=policy_arn) logger.info("Detached policy %s from user %s.", policy_arn, user_name) except ClientError: logger.exception( "Couldn't detach policy %s from user %s.", policy_arn, user_name ) raise
Cree funciones que abarquen las acciones IAM políticas.
import json import logging import operator import pprint import time import boto3 from botocore.exceptions import ClientError logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) iam = boto3.resource("iam") def create_policy(name, description, actions, resource_arn): """ Creates a policy that contains a single statement. :param name: The name of the policy to create. :param description: The description of the policy. :param actions: The actions allowed by the policy. These typically take the form of service:action, such as s3:PutObject. :param resource_arn: The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the resource this policy applies to. This ARN can contain wildcards, such as 'arn:aws:s3:::my-bucket/*' to allow actions on all objects in the bucket named 'my-bucket'. :return: The newly created policy. """ policy_doc = { "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [{"Effect": "Allow", "Action": actions, "Resource": resource_arn}], } try: policy = iam.create_policy( PolicyName=name, Description=description, PolicyDocument=json.dumps(policy_doc), ) logger.info("Created policy %s.", policy.arn) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't create policy %s.", name) raise else: return policy def delete_policy(policy_arn): """ Deletes a policy. :param policy_arn: The ARN of the policy to delete. """ try: iam.Policy(policy_arn).delete() logger.info("Deleted policy %s.", policy_arn) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't delete policy %s.", policy_arn) raise
Cree funciones que abarquen las acciones clave de IAM acceso.
import logging import boto3 from botocore.exceptions import ClientError logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) iam = boto3.resource("iam") def create_key(user_name): """ Creates an access key for the specified user. Each user can have a maximum of two keys. :param user_name: The name of the user. :return: The created access key. """ try: key_pair = iam.User(user_name).create_access_key_pair() logger.info( "Created access key pair for %s. Key ID is %s.", key_pair.user_name, key_pair.id, ) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't create access key pair for %s.", user_name) raise else: return key_pair def delete_key(user_name, key_id): """ Deletes a user's access key. :param user_name: The user that owns the key. :param key_id: The ID of the key to delete. """ try: key = iam.AccessKey(user_name, key_id) key.delete() logger.info("Deleted access key %s for %s.", key.id, key.user_name) except ClientError: logger.exception("Couldn't delete key %s for %s", key_id, user_name) raise
Utilice las funciones del contenedor para crear usuarios con diferentes políticas y utilizar sus credenciales para acceder a un bucket de Amazon S3.
def usage_demo(): """ Shows how to manage users, keys, and policies. This demonstration creates two users: one user who can put and get objects in an Amazon S3 bucket, and another user who can only get objects from the bucket. The demo then shows how the users can perform only the actions they are permitted to perform. """ logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(levelname)s: %(message)s") print("-" * 88) print("Welcome to the AWS Identity and Account Management user demo.") print("-" * 88) print( "Users can have policies and roles attached to grant them specific " "permissions." ) s3 = boto3.resource("s3") bucket = s3.create_bucket( Bucket=f"demo-iam-bucket-{time.time_ns()}", CreateBucketConfiguration={ "LocationConstraint": s3.meta.client.meta.region_name }, ) print(f"Created an Amazon S3 bucket named {bucket.name}.") user_read_writer = create_user("demo-iam-read-writer") user_reader = create_user("demo-iam-reader") print(f"Created two IAM users: {user_read_writer.name} and {user_reader.name}") update_user(user_read_writer.name, "demo-iam-creator") update_user(user_reader.name, "demo-iam-getter") users = list_users() user_read_writer = next( user for user in users if user.user_id == user_read_writer.user_id ) user_reader = next(user for user in users if user.user_id == user_reader.user_id) print( f"Changed the names of the users to {user_read_writer.name} " f"and {user_reader.name}." ) read_write_policy = policy_wrapper.create_policy( "demo-iam-read-write-policy", "Grants rights to create and get an object in the demo bucket.", ["s3:PutObject", "s3:GetObject"], f"arn:aws:s3:::{bucket.name}/*", ) print( f"Created policy {read_write_policy.policy_name} with ARN: {read_write_policy.arn}" ) print(read_write_policy.description) read_policy = policy_wrapper.create_policy( "demo-iam-read-policy", "Grants rights to get an object from the demo bucket.", "s3:GetObject", f"arn:aws:s3:::{bucket.name}/*", ) print(f"Created policy {read_policy.policy_name} with ARN: {read_policy.arn}") print(read_policy.description) attach_policy(user_read_writer.name, read_write_policy.arn) print(f"Attached {read_write_policy.policy_name} to {user_read_writer.name}.") attach_policy(user_reader.name, read_policy.arn) print(f"Attached {read_policy.policy_name} to {user_reader.name}.") user_read_writer_key = access_key_wrapper.create_key(user_read_writer.name) print(f"Created access key pair for {user_read_writer.name}.") user_reader_key = access_key_wrapper.create_key(user_reader.name) print(f"Created access key pair for {user_reader.name}.") s3_read_writer_resource = boto3.resource( "s3", aws_access_key_id=user_read_writer_key.id, aws_secret_access_key=user_read_writer_key.secret, ) demo_object_key = f"object-{time.time_ns()}" demo_object = None while demo_object is None: try: demo_object = s3_read_writer_resource.Bucket(bucket.name).put_object( Key=demo_object_key, Body=b"AWS IAM demo object content!" ) except ClientError as error: if error.response["Error"]["Code"] == "InvalidAccessKeyId": print("Access key not yet available. Waiting...") time.sleep(1) else: raise print( f"Put {demo_object_key} into {bucket.name} using " f"{user_read_writer.name}'s credentials." ) read_writer_object = s3_read_writer_resource.Bucket(bucket.name).Object( demo_object_key ) read_writer_content = read_writer_object.get()["Body"].read() print(f"Got object {read_writer_object.key} using read-writer user's credentials.") print(f"Object content: {read_writer_content}") s3_reader_resource = boto3.resource( "s3", aws_access_key_id=user_reader_key.id, aws_secret_access_key=user_reader_key.secret, ) demo_content = None while demo_content is None: try: demo_object = s3_reader_resource.Bucket(bucket.name).Object(demo_object_key) demo_content = demo_object.get()["Body"].read() print(f"Got object {demo_object.key} using reader user's credentials.") print(f"Object content: {demo_content}") except ClientError as error: if error.response["Error"]["Code"] == "InvalidAccessKeyId": print("Access key not yet available. Waiting...") time.sleep(1) else: raise try: demo_object.delete() except ClientError as error: if error.response["Error"]["Code"] == "AccessDenied": print("-" * 88) print( "Tried to delete the object using the reader user's credentials. " "Got expected AccessDenied error because the reader is not " "allowed to delete objects." ) print("-" * 88) access_key_wrapper.delete_key(user_reader.name, user_reader_key.id) detach_policy(user_reader.name, read_policy.arn) policy_wrapper.delete_policy(read_policy.arn) delete_user(user_reader.name) print(f"Deleted keys, detached and deleted policy, and deleted {user_reader.name}.") access_key_wrapper.delete_key(user_read_writer.name, user_read_writer_key.id) detach_policy(user_read_writer.name, read_write_policy.arn) policy_wrapper.delete_policy(read_write_policy.arn) delete_user(user_read_writer.name) print( f"Deleted keys, detached and deleted policy, and deleted {user_read_writer.name}." ) bucket.objects.delete() bucket.delete() print(f"Emptied and deleted {bucket.name}.") print("Thanks for watching!")
-
Para API obtener más información, consulte los siguientes temas en la sección AWS SDKde referencia sobre Python (Boto3). API
-