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This is AWS WAF Classic documentation. For more information, see AWS WAF Classic in the developer guide.
For the latest version of AWS WAF , use the AWS WAFV2 API and see the AWS WAF Developer Guide . With the latest version, AWS WAF has a single set of endpoints for regional and global use.
Inserts or deletes ByteMatchTuple objects (filters) in a ByteMatchSet . For each ByteMatchTuple
object, you specify the following values:
ByteMatchSetUpdate
object, you delete the existing object and add a new one.User-Agent
header.TargetString
in the ByteMatchTuple data type.For example, you can add a ByteMatchSetUpdate
object that matches web requests in which User-Agent
headers contain the string BadBot
. You can then configure AWS WAF to block those requests.
To create and configure a ByteMatchSet
, perform the following steps:
ByteMatchSet.
For more information, see CreateByteMatchSet .ChangeToken
parameter of an UpdateByteMatchSet
request.UpdateByteMatchSet
request to specify the part of the request that you want AWS WAF to inspect (for example, the header or the URI) and the value that you want AWS WAF to watch for.For more information about how to use the AWS WAF API to allow or block HTTP requests, see the AWS WAF Developer Guide .
See also: AWS API Documentation
update-byte-match-set
--byte-match-set-id <value>
--change-token <value>
--updates <value>
[--cli-input-json <value>]
[--generate-cli-skeleton <value>]
[--debug]
[--endpoint-url <value>]
[--no-verify-ssl]
[--no-paginate]
[--output <value>]
[--query <value>]
[--profile <value>]
[--region <value>]
[--version <value>]
[--color <value>]
[--no-sign-request]
[--ca-bundle <value>]
[--cli-read-timeout <value>]
[--cli-connect-timeout <value>]
--byte-match-set-id
(string)
TheByteMatchSetId
of the ByteMatchSet that you want to update.ByteMatchSetId
is returned by CreateByteMatchSet and by ListByteMatchSets .
--change-token
(string)
The value returned by the most recent call to GetChangeToken .
--updates
(list)
An array of
ByteMatchSetUpdate
objects that you want to insert into or delete from a ByteMatchSet . For more information, see the applicable data types:
- ByteMatchSetUpdate : Contains
Action
andByteMatchTuple
- ByteMatchTuple : Contains
FieldToMatch
,PositionalConstraint
,TargetString
, andTextTransformation
- FieldToMatch : Contains
Data
andType
(structure)
Note
This is AWS WAF Classic documentation. For more information, see AWS WAF Classic in the developer guide.
For the latest version of AWS WAF , use the AWS WAFV2 API and see the AWS WAF Developer Guide . With the latest version, AWS WAF has a single set of endpoints for regional and global use.In an UpdateByteMatchSet request,
ByteMatchSetUpdate
specifies whether to insert or delete a ByteMatchTuple and includes the settings for theByteMatchTuple
.Action -> (string)
Specifies whether to insert or delete a ByteMatchTuple .ByteMatchTuple -> (structure)
Information about the part of a web request that you want AWS WAF to inspect and the value that you want AWS WAF to search for. If you specify
DELETE
for the value ofAction
, theByteMatchTuple
values must exactly match the values in theByteMatchTuple
that you want to delete from theByteMatchSet
.FieldToMatch -> (structure)
The part of a web request that you want AWS WAF to search, such as a specified header or a query string. For more information, see FieldToMatch .
Type -> (string)
The part of the web request that you want AWS WAF to search for a specified string. Parts of a request that you can search include the following:
HEADER
: A specified request header, for example, the value of theUser-Agent
orReferer
header. If you chooseHEADER
for the type, specify the name of the header inData
.METHOD
: The HTTP method, which indicated the type of operation that the request is asking the origin to perform. Amazon CloudFront supports the following methods:DELETE
,GET
,HEAD
,OPTIONS
,PATCH
,POST
, andPUT
.QUERY_STRING
: A query string, which is the part of a URL that appears after a?
character, if any.URI
: The part of a web request that identifies a resource, for example,/images/daily-ad.jpg
.BODY
: The part of a request that contains any additional data that you want to send to your web server as the HTTP request body, such as data from a form. The request body immediately follows the request headers. Note that only the first8192
bytes of the request body are forwarded to AWS WAF for inspection. To allow or block requests based on the length of the body, you can create a size constraint set. For more information, see CreateSizeConstraintSet .SINGLE_QUERY_ARG
: The parameter in the query string that you will inspect, such as UserName or SalesRegion . The maximum length forSINGLE_QUERY_ARG
is 30 characters.ALL_QUERY_ARGS
: Similar toSINGLE_QUERY_ARG
, but rather than inspecting a single parameter, AWS WAF will inspect all parameters within the query for the value or regex pattern that you specify inTargetString
.Data -> (string)
When the value of
Type
isHEADER
, enter the name of the header that you want AWS WAF to search, for example,User-Agent
orReferer
. The name of the header is not case sensitive.When the value of
Type
isSINGLE_QUERY_ARG
, enter the name of the parameter that you want AWS WAF to search, for example,UserName
orSalesRegion
. The parameter name is not case sensitive.If the value of
Type
is any other value, omitData
.TargetString -> (blob)
The value that you want AWS WAF to search for. AWS WAF searches for the specified string in the part of web requests that you specified in
FieldToMatch
. The maximum length of the value is 50 bytes.Valid values depend on the values that you specified for
FieldToMatch
:
HEADER
: The value that you want AWS WAF to search for in the request header that you specified in FieldToMatch , for example, the value of theUser-Agent
orReferer
header.METHOD
: The HTTP method, which indicates the type of operation specified in the request. CloudFront supports the following methods:DELETE
,GET
,HEAD
,OPTIONS
,PATCH
,POST
, andPUT
.QUERY_STRING
: The value that you want AWS WAF to search for in the query string, which is the part of a URL that appears after a?
character.URI
: The value that you want AWS WAF to search for in the part of a URL that identifies a resource, for example,/images/daily-ad.jpg
.BODY
: The part of a request that contains any additional data that you want to send to your web server as the HTTP request body, such as data from a form. The request body immediately follows the request headers. Note that only the first8192
bytes of the request body are forwarded to AWS WAF for inspection. To allow or block requests based on the length of the body, you can create a size constraint set. For more information, see CreateSizeConstraintSet .SINGLE_QUERY_ARG
: The parameter in the query string that you will inspect, such as UserName or SalesRegion . The maximum length forSINGLE_QUERY_ARG
is 30 characters.ALL_QUERY_ARGS
: Similar toSINGLE_QUERY_ARG
, but instead of inspecting a single parameter, AWS WAF inspects all parameters within the query string for the value or regex pattern that you specify inTargetString
.If
TargetString
includes alphabetic characters A-Z and a-z, note that the value is case sensitive.If you're using the AWS WAF APISpecify a base64-encoded version of the value. The maximum length of the value before you base64-encode it is 50 bytes.
For example, suppose the value of
Type
isHEADER
and the value ofData
isUser-Agent
. If you want to search theUser-Agent
header for the valueBadBot
, you base64-encodeBadBot
using MIME base64-encoding and include the resulting value,QmFkQm90
, in the value ofTargetString
.If you're using the AWS CLI or one of the AWS SDKsThe value that you want AWS WAF to search for. The SDK automatically base64 encodes the value.
TextTransformation -> (string)
Text transformations eliminate some of the unusual formatting that attackers use in web requests in an effort to bypass AWS WAF. If you specify a transformation, AWS WAF performs the transformation on
FieldToMatch
before inspecting it for a match.You can only specify a single type of TextTransformation.
CMD_LINEWhen you're concerned that attackers are injecting an operating system command line command and using unusual formatting to disguise some or all of the command, use this option to perform the following transformations:
- Delete the following characters: " ' ^
- Delete spaces before the following characters: / (
- Replace the following characters with a space: , ;
- Replace multiple spaces with one space
- Convert uppercase letters (A-Z) to lowercase (a-z)
COMPRESS_WHITE_SPACEUse this option to replace the following characters with a space character (decimal 32):
- f, formfeed, decimal 12
- t, tab, decimal 9
- n, newline, decimal 10
- r, carriage return, decimal 13
- v, vertical tab, decimal 11
- non-breaking space, decimal 160
COMPRESS_WHITE_SPACE
also replaces multiple spaces with one space.HTML_ENTITY_DECODE
Use this option to replace HTML-encoded characters with unencoded characters.
HTML_ENTITY_DECODE
performs the following operations:
- Replaces
(ampersand)quot;
with"
- Replaces
(ampersand)nbsp;
with a non-breaking space, decimal 160- Replaces
(ampersand)lt;
with a "less than" symbol- Replaces
(ampersand)gt;
with>
- Replaces characters that are represented in hexadecimal format,
(ampersand)#xhhhh;
, with the corresponding characters- Replaces characters that are represented in decimal format,
(ampersand)#nnnn;
, with the corresponding charactersLOWERCASEUse this option to convert uppercase letters (A-Z) to lowercase (a-z).
URL_DECODEUse this option to decode a URL-encoded value.
NONESpecify
NONE
if you don't want to perform any text transformations.PositionalConstraint -> (string)
Within the portion of a web request that you want to search (for example, in the query string, if any), specify where you want AWS WAF to search. Valid values include the following:
CONTAINSThe specified part of the web request must include the value of
TargetString
, but the location doesn't matter.CONTAINS_WORDThe specified part of the web request must include the value of
TargetString
, andTargetString
must contain only alphanumeric characters or underscore (A-Z, a-z, 0-9, or _). In addition,TargetString
must be a word, which means one of the following:
TargetString
exactly matches the value of the specified part of the web request, such as the value of a header.TargetString
is at the beginning of the specified part of the web request and is followed by a character other than an alphanumeric character or underscore (_), for example,BadBot;
.TargetString
is at the end of the specified part of the web request and is preceded by a character other than an alphanumeric character or underscore (_), for example,;BadBot
.TargetString
is in the middle of the specified part of the web request and is preceded and followed by characters other than alphanumeric characters or underscore (_), for example,-BadBot;
.EXACTLYThe value of the specified part of the web request must exactly match the value of
TargetString
.STARTS_WITHThe value of
TargetString
must appear at the beginning of the specified part of the web request.ENDS_WITHThe value of
TargetString
must appear at the end of the specified part of the web request.
Shorthand Syntax:
Action=string,ByteMatchTuple={FieldToMatch={Type=string,Data=string},TargetString=blob,TextTransformation=string,PositionalConstraint=string} ...
JSON Syntax:
[
{
"Action": "INSERT"|"DELETE",
"ByteMatchTuple": {
"FieldToMatch": {
"Type": "URI"|"QUERY_STRING"|"HEADER"|"METHOD"|"BODY"|"SINGLE_QUERY_ARG"|"ALL_QUERY_ARGS",
"Data": "string"
},
"TargetString": blob,
"TextTransformation": "NONE"|"COMPRESS_WHITE_SPACE"|"HTML_ENTITY_DECODE"|"LOWERCASE"|"CMD_LINE"|"URL_DECODE",
"PositionalConstraint": "EXACTLY"|"STARTS_WITH"|"ENDS_WITH"|"CONTAINS"|"CONTAINS_WORD"
}
}
...
]
--cli-input-json
(string)
Performs service operation based on the JSON string provided. The JSON string follows the format provided by --generate-cli-skeleton
. If other arguments are provided on the command line, the CLI values will override the JSON-provided values. It is not possible to pass arbitrary binary values using a JSON-provided value as the string will be taken literally.
--generate-cli-skeleton
(string)
Prints a JSON skeleton to standard output without sending an API request. If provided with no value or the value input
, prints a sample input JSON that can be used as an argument for --cli-input-json
. If provided with the value output
, it validates the command inputs and returns a sample output JSON for that command.
--debug
(boolean)
Turn on debug logging.
--endpoint-url
(string)
Override command's default URL with the given URL.
--no-verify-ssl
(boolean)
By default, the AWS CLI uses SSL when communicating with AWS services. For each SSL connection, the AWS CLI will verify SSL certificates. This option overrides the default behavior of verifying SSL certificates.
--no-paginate
(boolean)
Disable automatic pagination. If automatic pagination is disabled, the AWS CLI will only make one call, for the first page of results.
--output
(string)
The formatting style for command output.
--query
(string)
A JMESPath query to use in filtering the response data.
--profile
(string)
Use a specific profile from your credential file.
--region
(string)
The region to use. Overrides config/env settings.
--version
(string)
Display the version of this tool.
--color
(string)
Turn on/off color output.
--no-sign-request
(boolean)
Do not sign requests. Credentials will not be loaded if this argument is provided.
--ca-bundle
(string)
The CA certificate bundle to use when verifying SSL certificates. Overrides config/env settings.
--cli-read-timeout
(int)
The maximum socket read time in seconds. If the value is set to 0, the socket read will be blocking and not timeout. The default value is 60 seconds.
--cli-connect-timeout
(int)
The maximum socket connect time in seconds. If the value is set to 0, the socket connect will be blocking and not timeout. The default value is 60 seconds.
To use the following examples, you must have the AWS CLI installed and configured. See the Getting started guide in the AWS CLI User Guide for more information.
Unless otherwise stated, all examples have unix-like quotation rules. These examples will need to be adapted to your terminal's quoting rules. See Using quotation marks with strings in the AWS CLI User Guide .
To update a byte match set
The following update-byte-match-set
command deletes a ByteMatchTuple object (filter) in a ByteMatchSet:
aws waf update-byte-match-set --byte-match-set-id a123fae4-b567-8e90-1234-5ab67ac8ca90 --change-token 12cs345-67cd-890b-1cd2-c3a4567d89f1 --updates Action="DELETE",ByteMatchTuple={FieldToMatch={Type="HEADER",Data="referer"},TargetString="badrefer1",TextTransformation="NONE",PositionalConstraint="CONTAINS"}
For more information, see Working with String Match Conditions in the AWS WAF developer guide.
ChangeToken -> (string)
TheChangeToken
that you used to submit theUpdateByteMatchSet
request. You can also use this value to query the status of the request. For more information, see GetChangeTokenStatus .