Meluncurkan EC2 instans Amazon - AWS SDK for .NET

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Meluncurkan EC2 instans Amazon

Contoh ini menunjukkan kepada Anda cara menggunakan AWS SDK for .NET untuk meluncurkan satu atau lebih EC2 instance Amazon yang dikonfigurasi secara identik dari Amazon Machine Image () AMI yang sama. Menggunakan beberapa input yang Anda berikan, aplikasi meluncurkan EC2 instance dan kemudian memonitor instance hingga keluar dari status “Tertunda”.

Saat EC2 instans Anda berjalan, Anda dapat menghubungkannya dari jarak jauh, seperti yang dijelaskan dalam(opsional) Connect ke instance.

Awas

EC2-Classic pensiun pada 15 Agustus 2022. Kami menyarankan Anda bermigrasi dari EC2 -Classic ke file. VPC Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, lihat posting blog EC2-Jaringan Klasik Pensiun - Inilah Cara Mempersiapkan.

Bagian berikut menyediakan cuplikan dan informasi lain untuk contoh ini. Kode lengkap untuk contoh ditampilkan setelah cuplikan, dan dapat dibangun dan dijalankan apa adanya.

Kumpulkan apa yang Anda butuhkan

Untuk meluncurkan sebuah EC2 instance, Anda memerlukan beberapa hal.

  • Sebuah VPCtempat instance akan diluncurkan. Jika itu adalah instance Windows dan Anda akan menghubungkannyaRDP, kemungkinan besar Anda harus memiliki gateway internet yang terpasang padanya, serta entri untuk gateway internet di tabel rute. VPC Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat gateway Internet di VPCPanduan Pengguna Amazon.

  • ID subnet yang ada di VPC tempat instance akan diluncurkan. Cara mudah untuk menemukan atau membuat ini adalah dengan masuk ke VPCkonsol Amazon, tetapi Anda juga dapat memperolehnya secara terprogram dengan menggunakan metode CreateSubnetAsyncdan DescribeSubnetsAsync.

    catatan

    Jika Anda tidak menyediakan parameter ini, instance baru akan diluncurkan secara default VPC untuk akun Anda.

  • Jika Anda ingin terhubung ke instance baru, grup keamanan yang disebutkan sebelumnya harus memiliki aturan masuk yang sesuai yang memungkinkan SSH lalu lintas pada port 22 (instance Linux) atau RDP lalu lintas pada port 3389 (instance Windows). Untuk informasi tentang cara melakukan iniMemperbarui grup keamanan, lihat, termasuk Pertimbangan tambahan mendekati akhir topik itu.

  • Nama PEM file yang berisi kunci pribadi dari EC2 key pair yang disebutkan sebelumnya. PEMFile ini digunakan saat Anda terhubung dari jarak jauh ke instance.

Luncurkan sebuah instans

Cuplikan berikut meluncurkan sebuah instance. EC2

Contoh di dekat akhir topik ini menunjukkan cuplikan ini digunakan.

// // Method to launch the instances // Returns a list with the launched instance IDs private static async Task<List<string>> LaunchInstances( IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, RunInstancesRequest requestLaunch) { var instanceIds = new List<string>(); RunInstancesResponse responseLaunch = await ec2Client.RunInstancesAsync(requestLaunch); Console.WriteLine("\nNew instances have been created."); foreach (Instance item in responseLaunch.Reservation.Instances) { instanceIds.Add(item.InstanceId); Console.WriteLine($" New instance: {item.InstanceId}"); } return instanceIds; }

Pantau instance

Cuplikan berikut memonitor instance hingga keluar dari status “Tertunda”.

Contoh di dekat akhir topik ini menunjukkan cuplikan ini digunakan.

Lihat InstanceStatekelas untuk nilai valid dari Instance.State.Code properti.

// // Method to wait until the instances are running (or at least not pending) private static async Task CheckState(IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, List<string> instanceIds) { Console.WriteLine( "\nWaiting for the instances to start." + "\nPress any key to stop waiting. (Response might be slightly delayed.)"); int numberRunning; DescribeInstancesResponse responseDescribe; var requestDescribe = new DescribeInstancesRequest{ InstanceIds = instanceIds}; // Check every couple of seconds int wait = 2000; while(true) { // Get and check the status for each of the instances to see if it's past pending. // Once all instances are past pending, break out. // (For this example, we are assuming that there is only one reservation.) Console.Write("."); numberRunning = 0; responseDescribe = await ec2Client.DescribeInstancesAsync(requestDescribe); foreach(Instance i in responseDescribe.Reservations[0].Instances) { // Check the lower byte of State.Code property // Code == 0 is the pending state if((i.State.Code & 255) > 0) numberRunning++; } if(numberRunning == responseDescribe.Reservations[0].Instances.Count) break; // Wait a bit and try again (unless the user wants to stop waiting) Thread.Sleep(wait); if(Console.KeyAvailable) break; } Console.WriteLine("\nNo more instances are pending."); foreach(Instance i in responseDescribe.Reservations[0].Instances) { Console.WriteLine($"For {i.InstanceId}:"); Console.WriteLine($" VPC ID: {i.VpcId}"); Console.WriteLine($" Instance state: {i.State.Name}"); Console.WriteLine($" Public IP address: {i.PublicIpAddress}"); Console.WriteLine($" Public DNS name: {i.PublicDnsName}"); Console.WriteLine($" Key pair name: {i.KeyName}"); } }

Kode lengkap

Bagian ini menunjukkan referensi yang relevan dan kode lengkap untuk contoh ini.

using System; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Collections.Generic; using Amazon.EC2; using Amazon.EC2.Model; namespace EC2LaunchInstance { // = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = // Class to launch an EC2 instance class Program { static async Task Main(string[] args) { // Parse the command line and show help if necessary var parsedArgs = CommandLine.Parse(args); if(parsedArgs.Count == 0) { PrintHelp(); return; } // Get the application arguments from the parsed list string groupID = CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-g", "--group-id"); string ami = CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-a", "--ami-id"); string keyPairName = CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-k", "--keypair-name"); string subnetID = CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-s", "--subnet-id"); if( (string.IsNullOrEmpty(groupID) || !groupID.StartsWith("sg-")) || (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ami) || !ami.StartsWith("ami-")) || (string.IsNullOrEmpty(keyPairName)) || (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(subnetID) && !subnetID.StartsWith("subnet-"))) CommandLine.ErrorExit( "\nOne or more of the required arguments is missing or incorrect." + "\nRun the command with no arguments to see help."); // Create an EC2 client var ec2Client = new AmazonEC2Client(); // Create an object with the necessary properties RunInstancesRequest request = GetRequestData(groupID, ami, keyPairName, subnetID); // Launch the instances and wait for them to start running var instanceIds = await LaunchInstances(ec2Client, request); await CheckState(ec2Client, instanceIds); } // // Method to put together the properties needed to launch the instance. private static RunInstancesRequest GetRequestData( string groupID, string ami, string keyPairName, string subnetID) { // Common properties var groupIDs = new List<string>() { groupID }; var request = new RunInstancesRequest() { // The first three of these would be additional command-line arguments or similar. InstanceType = InstanceType.T1Micro, MinCount = 1, MaxCount = 1, ImageId = ami, KeyName = keyPairName }; // Properties specifically for EC2 in a VPC. if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(subnetID)) { request.NetworkInterfaces = new List<InstanceNetworkInterfaceSpecification>() { new InstanceNetworkInterfaceSpecification() { DeviceIndex = 0, SubnetId = subnetID, Groups = groupIDs, AssociatePublicIpAddress = true } }; } // Properties specifically for EC2-Classic else { request.SecurityGroupIds = groupIDs; } return request; } // // Method to launch the instances // Returns a list with the launched instance IDs private static async Task<List<string>> LaunchInstances( IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, RunInstancesRequest requestLaunch) { var instanceIds = new List<string>(); RunInstancesResponse responseLaunch = await ec2Client.RunInstancesAsync(requestLaunch); Console.WriteLine("\nNew instances have been created."); foreach (Instance item in responseLaunch.Reservation.Instances) { instanceIds.Add(item.InstanceId); Console.WriteLine($" New instance: {item.InstanceId}"); } return instanceIds; } // // Method to wait until the instances are running (or at least not pending) private static async Task CheckState(IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, List<string> instanceIds) { Console.WriteLine( "\nWaiting for the instances to start." + "\nPress any key to stop waiting. (Response might be slightly delayed.)"); int numberRunning; DescribeInstancesResponse responseDescribe; var requestDescribe = new DescribeInstancesRequest{ InstanceIds = instanceIds}; // Check every couple of seconds int wait = 2000; while(true) { // Get and check the status for each of the instances to see if it's past pending. // Once all instances are past pending, break out. // (For this example, we are assuming that there is only one reservation.) Console.Write("."); numberRunning = 0; responseDescribe = await ec2Client.DescribeInstancesAsync(requestDescribe); foreach(Instance i in responseDescribe.Reservations[0].Instances) { // Check the lower byte of State.Code property // Code == 0 is the pending state if((i.State.Code & 255) > 0) numberRunning++; } if(numberRunning == responseDescribe.Reservations[0].Instances.Count) break; // Wait a bit and try again (unless the user wants to stop waiting) Thread.Sleep(wait); if(Console.KeyAvailable) break; } Console.WriteLine("\nNo more instances are pending."); foreach(Instance i in responseDescribe.Reservations[0].Instances) { Console.WriteLine($"For {i.InstanceId}:"); Console.WriteLine($" VPC ID: {i.VpcId}"); Console.WriteLine($" Instance state: {i.State.Name}"); Console.WriteLine($" Public IP address: {i.PublicIpAddress}"); Console.WriteLine($" Public DNS name: {i.PublicDnsName}"); Console.WriteLine($" Key pair name: {i.KeyName}"); } } // // Command-line help private static void PrintHelp() { Console.WriteLine( "\nUsage: EC2LaunchInstance -g <group-id> -a <ami-id> -k <keypair-name> [-s <subnet-id>]" + "\n -g, --group-id: The ID of the security group." + "\n -a, --ami-id: The ID of an Amazon Machine Image." + "\n -k, --keypair-name - The name of a key pair." + "\n -s, --subnet-id: The ID of a subnet. Required only for EC2 in a VPC."); } } // = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = // Class that represents a command line on the console or terminal. // (This is the same for all examples. When you have seen it once, you can ignore it.) static class CommandLine { // // Method to parse a command line of the form: "--key value" or "-k value". // // Parameters: // - args: The command-line arguments passed into the application by the system. // // Returns: // A Dictionary with string Keys and Values. // // If a key is found without a matching value, Dictionary.Value is set to the key // (including the dashes). // If a value is found without a matching key, Dictionary.Key is set to "--NoKeyN", // where "N" represents sequential numbers. public static Dictionary<string,string> Parse(string[] args) { var parsedArgs = new Dictionary<string,string>(); int i = 0, n = 0; while(i < args.Length) { // If the first argument in this iteration starts with a dash it's an option. if(args[i].StartsWith("-")) { var key = args[i++]; var value = key; // Check to see if there's a value that goes with this option? if((i < args.Length) && (!args[i].StartsWith("-"))) value = args[i++]; parsedArgs.Add(key, value); } // If the first argument in this iteration doesn't start with a dash, it's a value else { parsedArgs.Add("--NoKey" + n.ToString(), args[i++]); n++; } } return parsedArgs; } // // Method to get an argument from the parsed command-line arguments // // Parameters: // - parsedArgs: The Dictionary object returned from the Parse() method (shown above). // - defaultValue: The default string to return if the specified key isn't in parsedArgs. // - keys: An array of keys to look for in parsedArgs. public static string GetArgument( Dictionary<string,string> parsedArgs, string defaultReturn, params string[] keys) { string retval = null; foreach(var key in keys) if(parsedArgs.TryGetValue(key, out retval)) break; return retval ?? defaultReturn; } // // Method to exit the application with an error. public static void ErrorExit(string msg, int code=1) { Console.WriteLine("\nError"); Console.WriteLine(msg); Environment.Exit(code); } } }

Pertimbangan tambahan

  • Saat memeriksa status EC2 instance, Anda dapat menambahkan filter ke Filter properti DescribeInstancesRequestobjek. Dengan menggunakan teknik ini, Anda dapat membatasi permintaan ke instance tertentu; misalnya, instance dengan tag tertentu yang ditentukan pengguna.

  • Untuk singkatnya, beberapa properti diberi nilai tipikal. Salah satu atau semua properti ini dapat ditentukan secara terprogram atau dengan masukan pengguna.

(opsional) Connect ke instance

Setelah instance berjalan, Anda dapat menghubungkannya dari jarak jauh dengan menggunakan klien jarak jauh yang sesuai. Untuk instance Linux dan Windows, Anda memerlukan alamat IP publik instans atau DNS nama publik. Anda juga membutuhkan yang berikut ini.

Untuk instance Linux

Anda dapat menggunakan SSH klien untuk terhubung ke instance Linux Anda. Pastikan grup keamanan yang Anda gunakan saat meluncurkan instans mengizinkan SSH lalu lintas di port 22, seperti yang dijelaskan dalamMemperbarui grup keamanan.

Anda juga memerlukan bagian pribadi dari key pair yang Anda gunakan untuk meluncurkan instance; yaitu PEM file.

Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat Connect ke instans Linux Anda di Panduan EC2 Pengguna Amazon.

Untuk contoh Windows

Anda dapat menggunakan RDP klien untuk terhubung ke instans Anda. Pastikan grup keamanan yang Anda gunakan saat meluncurkan instans mengizinkan RDP lalu lintas di port 3389, seperti yang dijelaskan dalam. Memperbarui grup keamanan

Anda juga memerlukan kata sandi Administrator. Anda dapat memperoleh ini dengan menggunakan kode contoh berikut, yang memerlukan ID instance dan bagian pribadi dari key pair yang digunakan untuk meluncurkan instance; yaitu PEM file.

Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat Connect ke instans Windows Anda di Panduan EC2 Pengguna Amazon.

Awas

Kode contoh ini mengembalikan kata sandi Administrator plaintext untuk instance Anda.

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Threading.Tasks; using Amazon.EC2; using Amazon.EC2.Model; namespace EC2GetWindowsPassword { // = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = // Class to get the Administrator password of a Windows EC2 instance class Program { static async Task Main(string[] args) { // Parse the command line and show help if necessary var parsedArgs = CommandLine.Parse(args); if(parsedArgs.Count == 0) { PrintHelp(); return; } // Get the application arguments from the parsed list string instanceID = CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-i", "--instance-id"); string pemFileName = CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-p", "--pem-filename"); if( (string.IsNullOrEmpty(instanceID) || !instanceID.StartsWith("i-")) || (string.IsNullOrEmpty(pemFileName) || !pemFileName.EndsWith(".pem"))) CommandLine.ErrorExit( "\nOne or more of the required arguments is missing or incorrect." + "\nRun the command with no arguments to see help."); // Create the EC2 client var ec2Client = new AmazonEC2Client(); // Get and display the password string password = await GetPassword(ec2Client, instanceID, pemFileName); Console.WriteLine($"\nPassword: {password}"); } // // Method to get the administrator password of a Windows EC2 instance private static async Task<string> GetPassword( IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string instanceID, string pemFilename) { string password = string.Empty; GetPasswordDataResponse response = await ec2Client.GetPasswordDataAsync(new GetPasswordDataRequest{ InstanceId = instanceID}); if(response.PasswordData != null) { password = response.GetDecryptedPassword(File.ReadAllText(pemFilename)); } else { Console.WriteLine($"\nThe password is not available for instance {instanceID}."); Console.WriteLine($"If this is a Windows instance, the password might not be ready."); } return password; } // // Command-line help private static void PrintHelp() { Console.WriteLine( "\nUsage: EC2GetWindowsPassword -i <instance-id> -p pem-filename" + "\n -i, --instance-id: The name of the EC2 instance." + "\n -p, --pem-filename: The name of the PEM file with the private key."); } } // = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = // Class that represents a command line on the console or terminal. // (This is the same for all examples. When you have seen it once, you can ignore it.) static class CommandLine { // // Method to parse a command line of the form: "--key value" or "-k value". // // Parameters: // - args: The command-line arguments passed into the application by the system. // // Returns: // A Dictionary with string Keys and Values. // // If a key is found without a matching value, Dictionary.Value is set to the key // (including the dashes). // If a value is found without a matching key, Dictionary.Key is set to "--NoKeyN", // where "N" represents sequential numbers. public static Dictionary<string,string> Parse(string[] args) { var parsedArgs = new Dictionary<string,string>(); int i = 0, n = 0; while(i < args.Length) { // If the first argument in this iteration starts with a dash it's an option. if(args[i].StartsWith("-")) { var key = args[i++]; var value = key; // Check to see if there's a value that goes with this option? if((i < args.Length) && (!args[i].StartsWith("-"))) value = args[i++]; parsedArgs.Add(key, value); } // If the first argument in this iteration doesn't start with a dash, it's a value else { parsedArgs.Add("--NoKey" + n.ToString(), args[i++]); n++; } } return parsedArgs; } // // Method to get an argument from the parsed command-line arguments // // Parameters: // - parsedArgs: The Dictionary object returned from the Parse() method (shown above). // - defaultValue: The default string to return if the specified key isn't in parsedArgs. // - keys: An array of keys to look for in parsedArgs. public static string GetArgument( Dictionary<string,string> parsedArgs, string defaultReturn, params string[] keys) { string retval = null; foreach(var key in keys) if(parsedArgs.TryGetValue(key, out retval)) break; return retval ?? defaultReturn; } // // Method to exit the application with an error. public static void ErrorExit(string msg, int code=1) { Console.WriteLine("\nError"); Console.WriteLine(msg); Environment.Exit(code); } } }

Bersihkan

Ketika Anda tidak lagi membutuhkan EC2 instance Anda, pastikan untuk menghentikannya, seperti yang dijelaskan dalamMengakhiri instans Amazon EC2.