Bekerja dengan Patch Manager sumber daya menggunakan AWS CLI - AWS Systems Manager
AWS CLI perintah untuk garis dasar tambalanAWS CLI perintah untuk grup tambalanAWS CLI perintah untuk melihat ringkasan dan detail tambalanAWS CLI perintah untuk memindai dan menambal node terkelola

Terjemahan disediakan oleh mesin penerjemah. Jika konten terjemahan yang diberikan bertentangan dengan versi bahasa Inggris aslinya, utamakan versi bahasa Inggris.

Bekerja dengan Patch Manager sumber daya menggunakan AWS CLI

Bagian ini mencakup contoh perintah AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) yang dapat Anda gunakan untuk melakukan tugas konfigurasi untukPatch Manager, kemampuan AWS Systems Manager.

Untuk ilustrasi penggunaan AWS CLI untuk menambal lingkungan server dengan menggunakan baseline patch kustom, lihat. Tutorial: Menambal lingkungan server menggunakan AWS CLI

Untuk informasi selengkapnya tentang penggunaan AWS CLI for AWS Systems Manager task, lihat AWS Systems Manager bagian Referensi AWS CLI Perintah.

AWS CLI perintah untuk garis dasar tambalan

Membuat dasar patch

Perintah berikut membuat baseline patch yang menyetujui semua pembaruan keamanan penting dan penting untuk Windows Server 2012 R2 5 hari setelah dirilis. Patch juga telah ditentukan untuk daftar patch yang Disetujui dan Ditolak. Selain itu, dasar patch telah ditandai untuk menunjukkan bahwa itu untuk lingkungan produksi.

Linux & macOS
aws ssm create-patch-baseline \
    --name "Windows-Server-2012R2" \
    --tags "Key=Environment,Value=Production" \
    --description "Windows Server 2012 R2, Important and Critical security updates" \
    --approved-patches "KB2032276,MS10-048" \
    --rejected-patches "KB2124261" \
    --rejected-patches-action "ALLOW_AS_DEPENDENCY" \
    --approval-rules "PatchRules=[{PatchFilterGroup={PatchFilters=[{Key=MSRC_SEVERITY,Values=[Important,Critical]},{Key=CLASSIFICATION,Values=SecurityUpdates},{Key=PRODUCT,Values=WindowsServer2012R2}]},ApproveAfterDays=5}]"
Windows Server
aws ssm create-patch-baseline ^
    --name "Windows-Server-2012R2" ^
    --tags "Key=Environment,Value=Production" ^
    --description "Windows Server 2012 R2, Important and Critical security updates" ^
    --approved-patches "KB2032276,MS10-048" ^
    --rejected-patches "KB2124261" ^
    --rejected-patches-action "ALLOW_AS_DEPENDENCY" ^
    --approval-rules "PatchRules=[{PatchFilterGroup={PatchFilters=[{Key=MSRC_SEVERITY,Values=[Important,Critical]},{Key=CLASSIFICATION,Values=SecurityUpdates},{Key=PRODUCT,Values=WindowsServer2012R2}]},ApproveAfterDays=5}]"

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "BaselineId":"pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
}

Buat dasar patch dengan repositori kustom untuk versi OS yang berbeda

Berlaku untuk node yang dikelola Linux saja. Perintah berikut ini menunjukkan cara menentukan repositori patch yang akan digunakan untuk versi sistem operasi Amazon Linux tertentu. Sampel ini menggunakan repositori sumber yang diizinkan secara default di Amazon Linux 2017.09, tetapi dapat disesuaikan dengan repositori sumber berbeda yang telah Anda konfigurasikan untuk node terkelola.

catatan

Untuk lebih mendemonstrasikan perintah yang lebih kompleks ini, kami menggunakan --cli-input-json opsi dengan opsi tambahan yang disimpan JSON file eksternal.

  1. Buat JSON file dengan nama seperti my-patch-repository.json dan tambahkan konten berikut ke dalamnya.

    {
    "Description": "My patch repository for Amazon Linux 2017.09",
    "Name": "Amazon-Linux-2017.09",
    "OperatingSystem": "AMAZON_LINUX",
    "ApprovalRules": {
        "PatchRules": [
            {
                "ApproveAfterDays": 7,
                "EnableNonSecurity": true,
                "PatchFilterGroup": {
                    "PatchFilters": [
                        {
                            "Key": "SEVERITY",
                            "Values": [
                                "Important",
                                "Critical"
                            ]
                        },
                        {
                            "Key": "CLASSIFICATION",
                            "Values": [
                                "Security",
                                "Bugfix"
                            ]
                        },
                        {
                            "Key": "PRODUCT",
                            "Values": [
                                "AmazonLinux2017.09"
                            ]
                        }
                    ]
                }
            }
        ]
    },
    "Sources": [
        {
            "Name": "My-AL2017.09",
            "Products": [
                "AmazonLinux2017.09"
            ],
            "Configuration": "[amzn-main] \nname=amzn-main-Base\nmirrorlist=http://repo./$awsregion./$awsdomain//$releasever/main/mirror.list //nmirrorlist_expire=300//nmetadata_expire=300 \npriority=10 \nfailovermethod=priority \nfastestmirror_enabled=0 \ngpgcheck=1 \ngpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-amazon-ga \nenabled=1 \nretries=3 \ntimeout=5\nreport_instanceid=yes"
        }
    ]
}

  2. Di direktori tempat Anda menyimpan file, jalankan perintah berikut.

    aws ssm create-patch-baseline --cli-input-json file://my-patch-repository.json

    Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

    {
    "BaselineId": "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
}

Perbarui dasar patch

Perintah berikut ini menambahkan dua patch sebagai yang ditolak dan satu patch yang disetujui ke dasar patch yang ada.

catatan

Untuk informasi tentang format yang diterima untuk daftar patch yang disetujui dan patch yang ditolak, lihat Format nama paket untuk daftar patch yang disetujui dan ditolak.

Linux & macOS
aws ssm update-patch-baseline \
    --baseline-id pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE \
    --rejected-patches "KB2032276" "MS10-048" \
    --approved-patches "KB2124261"
Windows Server
aws ssm update-patch-baseline ^
    --baseline-id pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE ^
    --rejected-patches "KB2032276" "MS10-048" ^
    --approved-patches "KB2124261"

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "BaselineId":"pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE",
   "Name":"Windows-Server-2012R2",
   "RejectedPatches":[
      "KB2032276",
      "MS10-048"
   ],
   "GlobalFilters":{
      "PatchFilters":[

      ]
   },
   "ApprovalRules":{
      "PatchRules":[
         {
            "PatchFilterGroup":{
               "PatchFilters":[
                  {
                     "Values":[
                        "Important",
                        "Critical"
                     ],
                     "Key":"MSRC_SEVERITY"
                  },
                  {
                     "Values":[
                        "SecurityUpdates"
                     ],
                     "Key":"CLASSIFICATION"
                  },
                  {
                     "Values":[
                        "WindowsServer2012R2"
                     ],
                     "Key":"PRODUCT"
                  }
               ]
            },
            "ApproveAfterDays":5
         }
      ]
   },
   "ModifiedDate":1481001494.035,
   "CreatedDate":1480997823.81,
   "ApprovedPatches":[
      "KB2124261"
   ],
   "Description":"Windows Server 2012 R2, Important and Critical security updates"
}

Ubah nama dasar patch

Linux & macOS
aws ssm update-patch-baseline \
    --baseline-id pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE \
    --name "Windows-Server-2012-R2-Important-and-Critical-Security-Updates"
Windows Server
aws ssm update-patch-baseline ^
    --baseline-id pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE ^
    --name "Windows-Server-2012-R2-Important-and-Critical-Security-Updates"

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "BaselineId":"pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE",
   "Name":"Windows-Server-2012-R2-Important-and-Critical-Security-Updates",
   "RejectedPatches":[
      "KB2032276",
      "MS10-048"
   ],
   "GlobalFilters":{
      "PatchFilters":[

      ]
   },
   "ApprovalRules":{
      "PatchRules":[
         {
            "PatchFilterGroup":{
               "PatchFilters":[
                  {
                     "Values":[
                        "Important",
                        "Critical"
                     ],
                     "Key":"MSRC_SEVERITY"
                  },
                  {
                     "Values":[
                        "SecurityUpdates"
                     ],
                     "Key":"CLASSIFICATION"
                  },
                  {
                     "Values":[
                        "WindowsServer2012R2"
                     ],
                     "Key":"PRODUCT"
                  }
               ]
            },
            "ApproveAfterDays":5
         }
      ]
   },
   "ModifiedDate":1481001795.287,
   "CreatedDate":1480997823.81,
   "ApprovedPatches":[
      "KB2124261"
   ],
   "Description":"Windows Server 2012 R2, Important and Critical security updates"
}

Hapus dasar patch

aws ssm delete-patch-baseline --baseline-id "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "BaselineId":"pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
}

Cantumkan semua dasar patch

aws ssm describe-patch-baselines

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "BaselineIdentities":[
      {
         "BaselineName":"AWS-DefaultPatchBaseline",
         "DefaultBaseline":true,
         "BaselineDescription":"Default Patch Baseline Provided by AWS.",
         "BaselineId":"arn:aws:ssm:us-east-2:111122223333:patchbaseline/pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
      },
      {
         "BaselineName":"Windows-Server-2012R2",
         "DefaultBaseline":false,
         "BaselineDescription":"Windows Server 2012 R2, Important and Critical security updates",
         "BaselineId":"pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
      }
   ]
}

Berikut ini adalah perintah lain yang mencantumkan semua dasar patch dalam sebuah Wilayah AWS.

Linux & macOS
aws ssm describe-patch-baselines \
    --region us-east-2 \
    --filters "Key=OWNER,Values=[All]"
Windows Server
aws ssm describe-patch-baselines ^
    --region us-east-2 ^
    --filters "Key=OWNER,Values=[All]"

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "BaselineIdentities":[
      {
         "BaselineName":"AWS-DefaultPatchBaseline",
         "DefaultBaseline":true,
         "BaselineDescription":"Default Patch Baseline Provided by AWS.",
         "BaselineId":"arn:aws:ssm:us-east-2:111122223333:patchbaseline/pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
      },
      {
         "BaselineName":"Windows-Server-2012R2",
         "DefaultBaseline":false,
         "BaselineDescription":"Windows Server 2012 R2, Important and Critical security updates",
         "BaselineId":"pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
      }
   ]
}

Buat daftar semua AWS baseline patch yang disediakan

Linux & macOS
aws ssm describe-patch-baselines \
    --region us-east-2 \
    --filters "Key=OWNER,Values=[AWS]"
Windows Server
aws ssm describe-patch-baselines ^
    --region us-east-2 ^
    --filters "Key=OWNER,Values=[AWS]"

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "BaselineIdentities":[
      {
         "BaselineName":"AWS-DefaultPatchBaseline",
         "DefaultBaseline":true,
         "BaselineDescription":"Default Patch Baseline Provided by AWS.",
         "BaselineId":"arn:aws:ssm:us-east-2:111122223333:patchbaseline/pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
      }
   ]
}

Cantumkan dasar patch saya

Linux & macOS
aws ssm describe-patch-baselines \
    --region us-east-2 \
    --filters "Key=OWNER,Values=[Self]"
Windows Server
aws ssm describe-patch-baselines ^
    --region us-east-2 ^
    --filters "Key=OWNER,Values=[Self]"

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "BaselineIdentities":[
      {
         "BaselineName":"Windows-Server-2012R2",
         "DefaultBaseline":false,
         "BaselineDescription":"Windows Server 2012 R2, Important and Critical security updates",
         "BaselineId":"pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
      }
   ]
}

Tampilkan dasar patch

aws ssm get-patch-baseline --baseline-id pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE
catatan

Untuk baseline patch kustom, Anda dapat menentukan ID baseline patch atau Amazon Resource Name () lengkap. ARN Untuk baseline patch AWS-provided, Anda harus menentukan lengkap. ARN Misalnya, arn:aws:ssm:us-east-2:075727635805:patchbaseline/pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE.

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "BaselineId":"pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE",
   "Name":"Windows-Server-2012R2",
   "PatchGroups":[
      "Web Servers"
   ],
   "RejectedPatches":[

   ],
   "GlobalFilters":{
      "PatchFilters":[

      ]
   },
   "ApprovalRules":{
      "PatchRules":[
         {
            "PatchFilterGroup":{
               "PatchFilters":[
                  {
                     "Values":[
                        "Important",
                        "Critical"
                     ],
                     "Key":"MSRC_SEVERITY"
                  },
                  {
                     "Values":[
                        "SecurityUpdates"
                     ],
                     "Key":"CLASSIFICATION"
                  },
                  {
                     "Values":[
                        "WindowsServer2012R2"
                     ],
                     "Key":"PRODUCT"
                  }
               ]
            },
            "ApproveAfterDays":5
         }
      ]
   },
   "ModifiedDate":1480997823.81,
   "CreatedDate":1480997823.81,
   "ApprovedPatches":[

   ],
   "Description":"Windows Server 2012 R2, Important and Critical security updates"
}

Dapatkan dasar patch default

aws ssm get-default-patch-baseline --region us-east-2

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "BaselineId":"arn:aws:ssm:us-east-2:111122223333:patchbaseline/pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
}

Atur dasar patch kustom sebagai default

Linux & macOS
aws ssm register-default-patch-baseline \
    --region us-east-2 \
    --baseline-id "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
Windows Server
aws ssm register-default-patch-baseline ^
    --region us-east-2 ^
    --baseline-id "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "BaselineId":"pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
}

Setel ulang baseline AWS patch sebagai default

Linux & macOS
aws ssm register-default-patch-baseline \
    --region us-east-2 \
    --baseline-id "arn:aws:ssm:us-east-2:123456789012:patchbaseline/pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
Windows Server
aws ssm register-default-patch-baseline ^
    --region us-east-2 ^
    --baseline-id "arn:aws:ssm:us-east-2:123456789012:patchbaseline/pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "BaselineId":"pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
}

Tandai dasar patch

Linux & macOS
aws ssm add-tags-to-resource \
    --resource-type "PatchBaseline" \
    --resource-id "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE" \
    --tags "Key=Project,Value=Testing"
Windows Server
aws ssm add-tags-to-resource ^
    --resource-type "PatchBaseline" ^
    --resource-id "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE" ^
    --tags "Key=Project,Value=Testing"

Cantumkan tag untuk dasar patch

Linux & macOS
aws ssm list-tags-for-resource \
    --resource-type "PatchBaseline" \
    --resource-id "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
Windows Server
aws ssm list-tags-for-resource ^
    --resource-type "PatchBaseline" ^
    --resource-id "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"

Hapus tag dari dasar patch

Linux & macOS
aws ssm remove-tags-from-resource \
    --resource-type "PatchBaseline" \
    --resource-id "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE" \
    --tag-keys "Project"
Windows Server
aws ssm remove-tags-from-resource ^
    --resource-type "PatchBaseline" ^
    --resource-id "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE" ^
    --tag-keys "Project"

AWS CLI perintah untuk grup tambalan

Buat grup patch

Untuk membantu Anda mengatur upaya penambalan, kami sarankan Anda menambahkan node terkelola ke grup tambalan dengan menggunakan tag. Grup tambalan memerlukan penggunaan kunci tag Patch Group atauPatchGroup. Jika Anda telah mengizinkan tag dalam metadata EC2 instance, Anda harus menggunakan PatchGroup (tanpa spasi). Anda dapat menentukan nilai tag apa pun, tetapi kunci tag harus Patch Group atauPatchGroup. Untuk informasi selengkapnya tentang grup patch, lihat Grup tambalan.

Setelah mengelompokkan node terkelola menggunakan tag, Anda menambahkan nilai grup patch ke baseline patch. Dengan mendaftarkan grup patch dengan dasar patch, Anda memastikan bahwa patch yang benar diinstal selama operasi patching.

Tugas 1: Tambahkan EC2 instance ke grup tambalan menggunakan tag

catatan

Saat menggunakan konsol Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (AmazonEC2) dan AWS CLI, dimungkinkan untuk menerapkan Key = Patch Group atau memberi Key = PatchGroup tag ke instance yang belum dikonfigurasi untuk digunakan dengan Systems Manager. Jika EC2 instance yang Anda harapkan untuk dilihat Patch Manager tidak terdaftar setelah menerapkan Key = PatchGroup tag Patch Group atau, lihat Memecahkan masalah ketersediaan node terkelola untuk tips pemecahan masalah.

Jalankan perintah berikut untuk menambahkan PatchGroup tag ke sebuah EC2 instance.

aws ec2 create-tags --resources "i-1234567890abcdef0" --tags "Key=PatchGroup,Value=GroupValue"

Tugas 2: Tambahkan node terkelola ke grup tambalan menggunakan tag

Jalankan perintah berikut untuk menambahkan PatchGroup tag ke node terkelola.

Linux & macOS
aws ssm add-tags-to-resource \
    --resource-type "ManagedInstance" \
    --resource-id "mi-0123456789abcdefg" \
    --tags "Key=PatchGroup,Value=GroupValue"
Windows Server
aws ssm add-tags-to-resource ^
    --resource-type "ManagedInstance" ^
    --resource-id "mi-0123456789abcdefg" ^
    --tags "Key=PatchGroup,Value=GroupValue"

Tugas 3: Tambahkan grup patch ke dasar patch

Jalankan perintah berikut untuk mengaitkan nilai tag PatchGroup ke dasar patch yang ditentukan.

Linux & macOS
aws ssm register-patch-baseline-for-patch-group \
    --baseline-id "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE" \
    --patch-group "Development"
Windows Server
aws ssm register-patch-baseline-for-patch-group ^
    --baseline-id "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE" ^
    --patch-group "Development"

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
  "PatchGroup": "Development",
  "BaselineId": "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
}

Daftarkan grup patch "server web" dengan dasar patch

Linux & macOS
aws ssm register-patch-baseline-for-patch-group \
    --baseline-id "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE" \
    --patch-group "Web Servers"
Windows Server
aws ssm register-patch-baseline-for-patch-group ^
    --baseline-id "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE" ^
    --patch-group "Web Servers"

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "PatchGroup":"Web Servers",
   "BaselineId":"pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
}

Daftarkan grup tambalan “Backend” dengan baseline patch AWS yang disediakan

Linux & macOS
aws ssm register-patch-baseline-for-patch-group \
    --region us-east-2 \
    --baseline-id "arn:aws:ssm:us-east-2:111122223333:patchbaseline/pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE" \
    --patch-group "Backend"
Windows Server
aws ssm register-patch-baseline-for-patch-group ^
    --region us-east-2 ^
    --baseline-id "arn:aws:ssm:us-east-2:111122223333:patchbaseline/pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE" ^
    --patch-group "Backend"

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "PatchGroup":"Backend",
   "BaselineId":"arn:aws:ssm:us-east-2:111122223333:patchbaseline/pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
}

Tampilkan pendaftaran grup patch

aws ssm describe-patch-groups --region us-east-2

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "PatchGroupPatchBaselineMappings":[
      {
         "PatchGroup":"Backend",
         "BaselineIdentity":{
            "BaselineName":"AWS-DefaultPatchBaseline",
            "DefaultBaseline":false,
            "BaselineDescription":"Default Patch Baseline Provided by AWS.",
            "BaselineId":"arn:aws:ssm:us-east-2:111122223333:patchbaseline/pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
         }
      },
      {
         "PatchGroup":"Web Servers",
         "BaselineIdentity":{
            "BaselineName":"Windows-Server-2012R2",
            "DefaultBaseline":true,
            "BaselineDescription":"Windows Server 2012 R2, Important and Critical updates",
            "BaselineId":"pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
         }
      }
   ]
}

Batalkan pendaftaran grup patch dari dasar patch

Linux & macOS
aws ssm deregister-patch-baseline-for-patch-group \
    --region us-east-2 \
    --patch-group "Production" \
    --baseline-id "arn:aws:ssm:us-east-2:111122223333:patchbaseline/pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
Windows Server
aws ssm deregister-patch-baseline-for-patch-group ^
    --region us-east-2 ^
    --patch-group "Production" ^
    --baseline-id "arn:aws:ssm:us-east-2:111122223333:patchbaseline/pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "PatchGroup":"Production",
   "BaselineId":"arn:aws:ssm:us-east-2:111122223333:patchbaseline/pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
}

AWS CLI perintah untuk melihat ringkasan dan detail tambalan

Dapatkan semua patch yang didefinisikan oleh dasar patch

catatan

Perintah ini hanya didukung untuk dasar patch Windows Server.

Linux & macOS
aws ssm describe-effective-patches-for-patch-baseline \
    --region us-east-2 \
    --baseline-id "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"
Windows Server
aws ssm describe-effective-patches-for-patch-baseline ^
    --region us-east-2 ^
    --baseline-id "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE"

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "NextToken":"--token string truncated--",
   "EffectivePatches":[
      {
         "PatchStatus":{
            "ApprovalDate":1384711200.0,
            "DeploymentStatus":"APPROVED"
         },
         "Patch":{
            "ContentUrl":"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/2876331",
            "ProductFamily":"Windows",
            "Product":"WindowsServer2012R2",
            "Vendor":"Microsoft",
            "Description":"A security issue has been identified in a Microsoft software 
               product that could affect your system. You can help protect your system 
               by installing this update from Microsoft. For a complete listing of the 
               issues that are included in this update, see the associated Microsoft 
               Knowledge Base article. After you install this update, you may have to 
               restart your system.",
            "Classification":"SecurityUpdates",
            "Title":"Security Update for Windows Server 2012 R2 Preview (KB2876331)",
            "ReleaseDate":1384279200.0,
            "MsrcClassification":"Critical",
            "Language":"All",
            "KbNumber":"KB2876331",
            "MsrcNumber":"MS13-089",
            "Id":"e74ccc76-85f0-4881-a738-59e9fc9a336d"
         }
      },
      {
         "PatchStatus":{
            "ApprovalDate":1428858000.0,
            "DeploymentStatus":"APPROVED"
         },
         "Patch":{
            "ContentUrl":"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/2919355",
            "ProductFamily":"Windows",
            "Product":"WindowsServer2012R2",
            "Vendor":"Microsoft",
            "Description":"Windows Server 2012 R2 Update is a cumulative 
               set of security updates, critical updates and updates. You 
               must install Windows Server 2012 R2 Update to ensure that 
               your computer can continue to receive future Windows Updates, 
               including security updates. For a complete listing of the 
               issues that are included in this update, see the associated 
               Microsoft Knowledge Base article for more information. After 
               you install this item, you may have to restart your computer.",
            "Classification":"SecurityUpdates",
            "Title":"Windows Server 2012 R2 Update (KB2919355)",
            "ReleaseDate":1428426000.0,
            "MsrcClassification":"Critical",
            "Language":"All",
            "KbNumber":"KB2919355",
            "MsrcNumber":"MS14-018",
            "Id":"8452bac0-bf53-4fbd-915d-499de08c338b"
         }
      }
     ---output truncated---

Dapatkan semua patch untuk AmazonLinux 2018.03 yang memiliki Klasifikasi SECURITY dan Tingkat Keparahan Critical

Linux & macOS
aws ssm describe-available-patches \
    --region us-east-2 \
    --filters Key=PRODUCT,Values=AmazonLinux2018.03 Key=SEVERITY,Values=Critical
Windows Server
aws ssm describe-available-patches ^
    --region us-east-2 ^
    --filters Key=PRODUCT,Values=AmazonLinux2018.03 Key=SEVERITY,Values=Critical

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
    "Patches": [
        {
            "AdvisoryIds": ["ALAS-2011-1"],
            "BugzillaIds": [ "1234567" ],
            "Classification": "SECURITY",
            "CVEIds": [ "CVE-2011-3192"],
            "Name": "zziplib",
            "Epoch": "0",
            "Version": "2.71",
            "Release": "1.3.amzn1",
            "Arch": "i686",
            "Product": "AmazonLinux2018.03",
            "ReleaseDate": 1590519815,
            "Severity": "CRITICAL"
        }
    ]
}     
---output truncated---

Dapatkan semua tambalan untuk Windows Server tahun 2012 yang memiliki MSRC tingkat keparahan Critical

Linux & macOS
aws ssm describe-available-patches \
    --region us-east-2 \
    --filters Key=PRODUCT,Values=WindowsServer2012 Key=MSRC_SEVERITY,Values=Critical
Windows Server
aws ssm describe-available-patches ^
    --region us-east-2 ^
    --filters Key=PRODUCT,Values=WindowsServer2012 Key=MSRC_SEVERITY,Values=Critical

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "Patches":[
      {
         "ContentUrl":"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/2727528",
         "ProductFamily":"Windows",
         "Product":"WindowsServer2012",
         "Vendor":"Microsoft",
         "Description":"A security issue has been identified that could 
           allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to compromise your 
           system and gain control over it. You can help protect your 
           system by installing this update from Microsoft. After you 
           install this update, you may have to restart your system.",
         "Classification":"SecurityUpdates",
         "Title":"Security Update for Windows Server 2012 (KB2727528)",
         "ReleaseDate":1352829600.0,
         "MsrcClassification":"Critical",
         "Language":"All",
         "KbNumber":"KB2727528",
         "MsrcNumber":"MS12-072",
         "Id":"1eb507be-2040-4eeb-803d-abc55700b715"
      },
      {
         "ContentUrl":"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/2729462",
         "ProductFamily":"Windows",
         "Product":"WindowsServer2012",
         "Vendor":"Microsoft",
         "Description":"A security issue has been identified that could 
           allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to compromise your 
           system and gain control over it. You can help protect your 
           system by installing this update from Microsoft. After you 
           install this update, you may have to restart your system.",
         "Classification":"SecurityUpdates",
         "Title":"Security Update for Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on 
           Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 for x64-based Systems (KB2729462)",
         "ReleaseDate":1352829600.0,
         "MsrcClassification":"Critical",
         "Language":"All",
         "KbNumber":"KB2729462",
         "MsrcNumber":"MS12-074",
         "Id":"af873760-c97c-4088-ab7e-5219e120eab4"
      }
     
---output truncated---

Dapatkan semua patch yang tersedia

aws ssm describe-available-patches --region us-east-2

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "NextToken":"--token string truncated--",
   "Patches":[
      {
         "ContentUrl":"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/2032276",
         "ProductFamily":"Windows",
         "Product":"WindowsServer2008R2",
         "Vendor":"Microsoft",
         "Description":"A security issue has been identified that could allow an 
           unauthenticated remote attacker to compromise your system and gain 
           control over it. You can help protect your system by installing this 
           update from Microsoft. After you install this update, you may have to
           restart your system.",
         "Classification":"SecurityUpdates",
         "Title":"Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2032276)",
         "ReleaseDate":1279040400.0,
         "MsrcClassification":"Important",
         "Language":"All",
         "KbNumber":"KB2032276",
         "MsrcNumber":"MS10-043",
         "Id":"8692029b-a3a2-4a87-a73b-8ea881b4b4d6"
      },
      {
         "ContentUrl":"https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/2124261",
         "ProductFamily":"Windows",
         "Product":"Windows7",
         "Vendor":"Microsoft",
         "Description":"A security issue has been identified that could allow 
           an unauthenticated remote attacker to compromise your system and gain 
           control over it. You can help protect your system by installing this 
           update from Microsoft. After you install this update, you may have 
           to restart your system.",
         "Classification":"SecurityUpdates",
         "Title":"Security Update for Windows 7 (KB2124261)",
         "ReleaseDate":1284483600.0,
         "MsrcClassification":"Important",
         "Language":"All",
         "KbNumber":"KB2124261",
         "MsrcNumber":"MS10-065",
         "Id":"12ef1bed-0dd2-4633-b3ac-60888aa8ba33"
      }
      ---output truncated---

Dapatkan status ringkasan tambalan per node yang dikelola

Ringkasan simpul per-kelola memberi Anda jumlah tambalan dalam status berikut per node: "NotApplicable“, “Hilang”, “Gagal”, "InstalledOther" dan “Dipasang”.

Linux & macOS
aws ssm describe-instance-patch-states \
    --instance-ids i-08ee91c0b17045407 i-09a618aec652973a9
Windows Server
aws ssm describe-instance-patch-states ^
    --instance-ids i-08ee91c0b17045407 i-09a618aec652973a9

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "InstancePatchStates":[
      {
            "InstanceId": "i-08ee91c0b17045407",
            "PatchGroup": "",
            "BaselineId": "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE",
            "SnapshotId": "6d03d6c5-f79d-41d0-8d0e-00a9aEXAMPLE",
            "InstalledCount": 50,
            "InstalledOtherCount": 353,
            "InstalledPendingRebootCount": 0,
            "InstalledRejectedCount": 0,
            "MissingCount": 0,
            "FailedCount": 0,
            "UnreportedNotApplicableCount": -1,
            "NotApplicableCount": 671,
            "OperationStartTime": "2020-01-24T12:37:56-08:00",
            "OperationEndTime": "2020-01-24T12:37:59-08:00",
            "Operation": "Scan",
            "RebootOption": "NoReboot"
        },
        {
            "InstanceId": "i-09a618aec652973a9",
            "PatchGroup": "",
            "BaselineId": "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE",
            "SnapshotId": "c7e0441b-1eae-411b-8aa7-973e6EXAMPLE",
            "InstalledCount": 36,
            "InstalledOtherCount": 396,
            "InstalledPendingRebootCount": 0,
            "InstalledRejectedCount": 0,
            "MissingCount": 3,
            "FailedCount": 0,
            "UnreportedNotApplicableCount": -1,
            "NotApplicableCount": 420,
            "OperationStartTime": "2020-01-24T12:37:34-08:00",
            "OperationEndTime": "2020-01-24T12:37:37-08:00",
            "Operation": "Scan",
            "RebootOption": "NoReboot"
        }
     ---output truncated---

Dapatkan detail kepatuhan tambalan untuk node terkelola

aws ssm describe-instance-patches --instance-id i-08ee91c0b17045407

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
   "NextToken":"--token string truncated--",
   "Patches":[
      {
            "Title": "bind-libs.x86_64:32:9.8.2-0.68.rc1.60.amzn1",
            "KBId": "bind-libs.x86_64",
            "Classification": "Security",
            "Severity": "Important",
            "State": "Installed",
            "InstalledTime": "2019-08-26T11:05:24-07:00"
        },
        {
            "Title": "bind-utils.x86_64:32:9.8.2-0.68.rc1.60.amzn1",
            "KBId": "bind-utils.x86_64",
            "Classification": "Security",
            "Severity": "Important",
            "State": "Installed",
            "InstalledTime": "2019-08-26T11:05:32-07:00"
        },
        {
            "Title": "dhclient.x86_64:12:4.1.1-53.P1.28.amzn1",
            "KBId": "dhclient.x86_64",
            "Classification": "Security",
            "Severity": "Important",
            "State": "Installed",
            "InstalledTime": "2019-08-26T11:05:31-07:00"
        },
    ---output truncated---

Melihat hasil kepatuhan patching (AWS CLI)

Untuk melihat hasil kepatuhan tambalan untuk satu node terkelola

Jalankan perintah berikut di AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI) untuk melihat hasil kepatuhan patch untuk satu node terkelola.

aws ssm describe-instance-patch-states --instance-id instance-id

Ganti instance-id dengan ID dari node terkelola yang ingin Anda lihat hasilnya, dalam format i-02573cafcfEXAMPLE ataumi-0282f7c436EXAMPLE.

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
    "InstancePatchStates": [
        {
            "InstanceId": "i-02573cafcfEXAMPLE",
            "PatchGroup": "mypatchgroup",
            "BaselineId": "pb-0c10e65780EXAMPLE",            
            "SnapshotId": "a3f5ff34-9bc4-4d2c-a665-4d1c1EXAMPLE",
            "CriticalNonCompliantCount": 2,
            "SecurityNonCompliantCount": 2,
            "OtherNonCompliantCount": 1,
            "InstalledCount": 123,
            "InstalledOtherCount": 334,
            "InstalledPendingRebootCount": 0,
            "InstalledRejectedCount": 0,
            "MissingCount": 1,
            "FailedCount": 2,
            "UnreportedNotApplicableCount": 11,
            "NotApplicableCount": 2063,
            "OperationStartTime": "2021-05-03T11:00:56-07:00",
            "OperationEndTime": "2021-05-03T11:01:09-07:00",
            "Operation": "Scan",
            "LastNoRebootInstallOperationTime": "2020-06-14T12:17:41-07:00",
            "RebootOption": "RebootIfNeeded"
        }
    ]
}

Untuk melihat ringkasan jumlah tambalan untuk semua EC2 instance di Wilayah

describe-instance-patch-states mendukung mengambil hasil untuk satu instans terkelola saja dalam satu waktu. Namun, menggunakan script kustom dengan perintah describe-instance-patch-states, Anda dapat membuat laporan yang lebih terperinci.

Misalnya, jika alat filter jq diinstal pada mesin lokal Anda, Anda dapat menjalankan perintah berikut untuk mengidentifikasi EC2 instance mana yang Wilayah AWS memiliki status. InstalledPendingReboot

aws ssm describe-instance-patch-states \
    --instance-ids $(aws ec2 describe-instances --region region | jq '.Reservations[].Instances[] | .InstanceId' | tr '\n|"' ' ') \
    --output text --query 'InstancePatchStates[*].{Instance:InstanceId, InstalledPendingRebootCount:InstalledPendingRebootCount}'

region mewakili pengenal untuk yang Wilayah AWS didukung oleh AWS Systems Manager, seperti us-east-2 untuk Wilayah AS Timur (Ohio). Untuk daftar yang didukung region nilai, lihat kolom Region di titik akhir layanan Systems Manager di. Referensi Umum Amazon Web Services

Sebagai contoh:

aws ssm describe-instance-patch-states \
    --instance-ids $(aws ec2 describe-instances --region us-east-2 | jq '.Reservations[].Instances[] | .InstanceId' | tr '\n|"' ' ') \
    --output text --query 'InstancePatchStates[*].{Instance:InstanceId, InstalledPendingRebootCount:InstalledPendingRebootCount}'

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

1       i-02573cafcfEXAMPLE
0       i-0471e04240EXAMPLE
3       i-07782c72faEXAMPLE
6       i-083b678d37EXAMPLE
0       i-03a530a2d4EXAMPLE
1       i-01f68df0d0EXAMPLE
0       i-0a39c0f214EXAMPLE
7       i-0903a5101eEXAMPLE
7       i-03823c2fedEXAMPLE

Selain InstalledPendingRebootCount, daftar jenis jumlah yang dapat Anda cari termasuk yang berikut:

  • CriticalNonCompliantCount

  • SecurityNonCompliantCount

  • OtherNonCompliantCount

  • UnreportedNotApplicableCount

  • InstalledPendingRebootCount

  • FailedCount

  • NotApplicableCount

  • InstalledRejectedCount

  • InstalledOtherCount

  • MissingCount

  • InstalledCount

AWS CLI perintah untuk memindai dan menambal node terkelola

Setelah menjalankan perintah berikut ini untuk memindai kepatuhan patch atau menginstal patch, Anda dapat menggunakan perintah di bagian AWS CLI perintah untuk melihat ringkasan dan detail tambalan untuk melihat informasi tentang status dan kepatuhan patch.

Pindai node terkelola untuk kepatuhan patch (AWS CLI)

Untuk memindai node terkelola tertentu untuk kepatuhan patch

Jalankan perintah berikut.

Linux & macOS
aws ssm send-command \
    --document-name 'AWS-RunPatchBaseline' \
    --targets Key=InstanceIds,Values='i-02573cafcfEXAMPLE,i-0471e04240EXAMPLE' \
    --parameters 'Operation=Scan' \
    --timeout-seconds 600
Windows Server
aws ssm send-command ^
    --document-name "AWS-RunPatchBaseline" ^
    --targets Key=InstanceIds,Values="i-02573cafcfEXAMPLE,i-0471e04240EXAMPLE" ^
    --parameters "Operation=Scan" ^
    --timeout-seconds 600

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
    "Command": {
        "CommandId": "a04ed06c-8545-40f4-87c2-a0babEXAMPLE",
        "DocumentName": "AWS-RunPatchBaseline",
        "DocumentVersion": "$DEFAULT",
        "Comment": "",
        "ExpiresAfter": 1621974475.267,
        "Parameters": {
            "Operation": [
                "Scan"
            ]
        },
        "InstanceIds": [],
        "Targets": [
            {
                "Key": "InstanceIds",
                "Values": [
                    "i-02573cafcfEXAMPLE,
                     i-0471e04240EXAMPLE"
                ]
            }
        ],
        "RequestedDateTime": 1621952275.267,
        "Status": "Pending",
        "StatusDetails": "Pending",
        "TimeoutSeconds": 600,

    ---output truncated---

    }
}

Untuk memindai node terkelola untuk kepatuhan patch dengan tag grup patch

Jalankan perintah berikut.

Linux & macOS
aws ssm send-command \
    --document-name 'AWS-RunPatchBaseline' \
    --targets Key='tag:PatchGroup',Values='Web servers' \
    --parameters 'Operation=Scan' \
    --timeout-seconds 600
Windows Server
aws ssm send-command ^
    --document-name "AWS-RunPatchBaseline" ^
    --targets Key="tag:PatchGroup",Values="Web servers" ^
    --parameters "Operation=Scan" ^
    --timeout-seconds 600

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
    "Command": {
        "CommandId": "87a448ee-8adc-44e0-b4d1-6b429EXAMPLE",
        "DocumentName": "AWS-RunPatchBaseline",
        "DocumentVersion": "$DEFAULT",
        "Comment": "",
        "ExpiresAfter": 1621974983.128,
        "Parameters": {
            "Operation": [
                "Scan"
            ]
        },
        "InstanceIds": [],
        "Targets": [
            {
                "Key": "tag:PatchGroup",
                "Values": [
                    "Web servers"
                ]
            }
        ],
        "RequestedDateTime": 1621952783.128,
        "Status": "Pending",
        "StatusDetails": "Pending",
        "TimeoutSeconds": 600,

    ---output truncated---

    }
}

Instal tambalan pada node terkelola ()AWS CLI

Untuk menginstal patch pada node terkelola tertentu

Jalankan perintah berikut.

catatan

Node terkelola target reboot sesuai kebutuhan untuk menyelesaikan instalasi patch. Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat SSMDokumen perintah untuk menambal: AWS-RunPatchBaseline.

Linux & macOS
aws ssm send-command \
    --document-name 'AWS-RunPatchBaseline' \
    --targets Key=InstanceIds,Values='i-02573cafcfEXAMPLE,i-0471e04240EXAMPLE' \
    --parameters 'Operation=Install' \
    --timeout-seconds 600
Windows Server
aws ssm send-command ^
    --document-name "AWS-RunPatchBaseline" ^
    --targets Key=InstanceIds,Values="i-02573cafcfEXAMPLE,i-0471e04240EXAMPLE" ^
    --parameters "Operation=Install" ^
    --timeout-seconds 600

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
    "Command": {
        "CommandId": "5f403234-38c4-439f-a570-93623EXAMPLE",
        "DocumentName": "AWS-RunPatchBaseline",
        "DocumentVersion": "$DEFAULT",
        "Comment": "",
        "ExpiresAfter": 1621975301.791,
        "Parameters": {
            "Operation": [
                "Install"
            ]
        },
        "InstanceIds": [],
        "Targets": [
            {
                "Key": "InstanceIds",
                "Values": [
                    "i-02573cafcfEXAMPLE,
                     i-0471e04240EXAMPLE"
                ]
            }
        ],
        "RequestedDateTime": 1621953101.791,
        "Status": "Pending",
        "StatusDetails": "Pending",
        "TimeoutSeconds": 600,

    ---output truncated---

    }
}

Untuk menginstal patch pada node terkelola dalam grup patch tertentu

Jalankan perintah berikut.

Linux & macOS
aws ssm send-command \
    --document-name 'AWS-RunPatchBaseline' \
    --targets Key='tag:PatchGroup',Values='Web servers' \
    -parameters 'Operation=Install' \
    --timeout-seconds 600
Windows Server
aws ssm send-command ^
    --document-name "AWS-RunPatchBaseline" ^
    --targets Key="tag:PatchGroup",Values="Web servers" ^
    --parameters "Operation=Install" ^
    --timeout-seconds 600

Sistem mengembalikan informasi seperti berikut ini.

{
    "Command": {
        "CommandId": "fa44b086-7d36-4ad5-ac8d-627ecEXAMPLE",
        "DocumentName": "AWS-RunPatchBaseline",
        "DocumentVersion": "$DEFAULT",
        "Comment": "",
        "ExpiresAfter": 1621975407.865,
        "Parameters": {
            "Operation": [
                "Install"
            ]
        },
        "InstanceIds": [],
        "Targets": [
            {
                "Key": "tag:PatchGroup",
                "Values": [
                    "Web servers"
                ]
            }
        ],
        "RequestedDateTime": 1621953207.865,
        "Status": "Pending",
        "StatusDetails": "Pending",
        "TimeoutSeconds": 600,

    ---output truncated---

    }
}