SQL Server データベースオブジェクトのエクスポート

高度なスクリプトオプション

高度なスクリプトオプションダイアログボックスで次のオプションを設定します。

SQL Server Management Objects (SMO) は、SQL Server をプログラムで管理するための .NET API です。PowerShell または C# で SMO を使用してデータベースオブジェクトをスクリプト化し、オフラインソースで使用する DDL ファイルを生成できます。

前提条件

キースクリプト設定

SMO を使用してオフラインソースのスクリプトをエクスポートする場合は、次のスクリプトオプションを設定します。

PowerShell スクリプトの例

次のスクリプトは、すべてのデータベースオブジェクトを個々の.sqlファイルにエクスポートします。各ファイルには、1 つのデータベースオブジェクトに対して 1 つのCREATEステートメントが含まれています。

# Export SQL Server database objects using SMO
# Usage: .\Export-Database.ps1 -Database "MyDB" -OutputDir "C:\export\MyDB"

param(
    [string] $ServerInstance = "localhost",         # SQL Server instance name
    [Parameter(Mandatory)] [string] $Database,     # Database to export
    [Parameter(Mandatory)] [string] $OutputDir,    # Output directory for .sql files
    [switch] $TrustServerCertificate               # Skip certificate validation
)

$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"

# Load the SqlServer module (includes SMO assemblies)
Import-Module SqlServer -ErrorAction Stop

# Connect to SQL Server
$srv = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server($ServerInstance)
$srv.ConnectionContext.EncryptConnection = $true
if ($TrustServerCertificate) {
    $srv.ConnectionContext.TrustServerCertificate = $true
}

# Get the database
$db = $srv.Databases[$Database]
if (-not $db) { Write-Error "Database '$Database' not found."; exit 1 }
if (-not (Test-Path $OutputDir)) { New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $OutputDir -Force | Out-Null }

# Configure scripting options for offline source compatibility
$scripter = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Scripter($srv)
$opts = $scripter.Options
$opts.ToFileOnly             = $true       # Write directly to files
$opts.Encoding               = [System.Text.Encoding]::Unicode  # Unicode encoding
$opts.AppendToFile           = $false      # One object per file
$opts.IncludeHeaders         = $true       # Add descriptive headers
$opts.IncludeDatabaseContext = $true       # Add USE [database] statement
$opts.SchemaQualify          = $true       # Use schema.object format
$opts.AnsiPadding            = $true       # Include ANSI_PADDING settings
$opts.Default                = $true       # Include default constraints
$opts.DriAll                 = $true       # Include all constraints and keys
$opts.Indexes                = $true       # Include indexes
$opts.Triggers               = $true       # Include triggers
$opts.FullTextIndexes        = $true       # Include full-text indexes
$opts.ExtendedProperties     = $true       # Include extended properties
$opts.ScriptDataCompression  = $true       # Include data compression settings
$opts.ScriptDrops            = $false      # CREATE only, no DROP statements
$opts.IncludeIfNotExists     = $false      # No IF NOT EXISTS wrapper
$opts.WithDependencies       = $false      # Do not script dependent objects
$opts.NoCollation            = $true       # Omit collation clauses
$opts.Permissions            = $false      # Omit permissions
$opts.ContinueScriptingOnError = $true     # Skip errors, continue with next object

# Define which object types to export
$collections = [ordered]@{
    "Schemas"               = "Schema"
    "Tables"                = "Table"
    "Views"                 = "View"
    "StoredProcedures"      = "StoredProcedure"
    "UserDefinedFunctions"  = "UserDefinedFunction"
    "Sequences"             = "Sequence"
    "Synonyms"              = "Synonym"
    "UserDefinedDataTypes"  = "UserDefinedDataType"
    "UserDefinedTableTypes" = "UserDefinedTableType"
    "UserDefinedTypes"      = "UserDefinedType"
    "UserDefinedAggregates" = "UserDefinedAggregate"
    "XmlSchemaCollections"  = "XmlSchemaCollection"
    "Rules"                 = "Rule"
    "Defaults"              = "Default"
    "PartitionSchemes"      = "PartitionScheme"
    "PartitionFunctions"    = "PartitionFunction"
    "Assemblies"            = "SqlAssembly"
    "FullTextCatalogs"      = "FullTextCatalog"
    "FullTextStopLists"     = "FullTextStopList"
    "SearchPropertyLists"   = "SearchPropertyList"
    "SecurityPolicies"      = "SecurityPolicy"
    "ExternalDataSources"   = "ExternalDataSource"
    "ExternalFileFormats"   = "ExternalFileFormat"
}

# System schemas to skip
$sysSchemas = 'dbo','guest','INFORMATION_SCHEMA','sys',
    'db_owner','db_accessadmin','db_securityadmin','db_ddladmin',
    'db_backupoperator','db_datareader','db_datawriter',
    'db_denydatareader','db_denydatawriter'

# Export the CREATE DATABASE statement
$dbScripter = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Scripter($srv)
$dbScripter.Options.ToFileOnly = $true
$dbScripter.Options.Encoding = [System.Text.Encoding]::Unicode
$dbScripter.Options.IncludeDatabaseContext = $true
$dbScripter.Options.FileName = Join-Path $OutputDir "$Database.Database.sql"
$dbScripter.Script($db)

# Export each object to a separate .sql file
foreach ($colName in $collections.Keys) {
    $col = $db.$colName
    if (-not $col -or $col.Count -eq 0) { continue }

    foreach ($obj in $col) {
        # Skip system objects
        if ($obj.PSObject.Properties['IsSystemObject'] -and $obj.IsSystemObject) { continue }
        if ($colName -eq "Schemas" -and $obj.Name -in $sysSchemas) { continue }

        # Build the output file name: schema.objectname.type.sql
        $schema = if ($obj.PSObject.Properties['Schema']) { $obj.Schema } else { "" }
        $safeName = $obj.Name -replace '[\\/:*?"<>|]', '_'
        $fileName = if ($schema) { "$schema.$safeName.$($collections[$colName]).sql" }
                    else { "$safeName.$($collections[$colName]).sql" }

        $opts.FileName = Join-Path $OutputDir $fileName
        $scripter.Script($obj)
    }
}