# Migrating from Version 2 of the AWS SDK for PHP This topic shows how to migrate your code to use version 3 of the AWS SDK for PHP and how the new version differs from version 2 of the SDK. **Note** The basic usage pattern of the SDK (i.e., `$result = $client->operation($params);`) has not changed from version 2 to version 3, which should result in a smooth migration. ## Introduction Version 3 of the AWS SDK for PHP represents a significant effort to improve the capabilities of the SDK, incorporate over two years of customer feedback, upgrade our dependencies, improve performance, and adopt the latest PHP standards. ## What’s New in version 3? Version 3 of the AWS SDK for PHP follows the [PSR-4 and PSR-7 standards](http://php-fig.org) and will follow the [SemVer](http://semver.org/) standard going forward. Other new features include: + Middleware system for customizing service client behavior + Flexible *paginators* for iterating through paginated results + Ability to query data from *result* and *paginator* objects with *JMESPath* + Easy debugging via the `'debug'` configuration option ### Decoupled HTTP layer + [Guzzle 6](http://guzzlephp.org) is used by default to send requests, but Guzzle 5 is also supported. + The SDK will work in environments where cURL is not available. + Custom HTTP handlers are also supported. ### Asynchronous requests + Features like *waiters* and *multipart uploaders* can also be used asynchronously. + Asynchronous workflows can be created using *promises* and *coroutines*. + Performance of concurrent or batched requests is improved. ## What’s Different from version 2? ### Project dependencies are updated The dependencies of the SDK have changed in this version. + The SDK now requires PHP 8.1\$1. We use [generators](http://php.net/manual/en/language.generators.overview.php) liberally within the SDK code. + We’ve upgraded the SDK to use [Guzzle 6](http://guzzlephp.org) (or 5), which provides the underlying HTTP client implementation used by the SDK to send requests to the AWS services. The latest version of Guzzle brings with it a number of improvements, including asynchronous requests, swappable HTTP handlers, PSR-7 compliance, better performance, and more. + The PSR-7 package from the PHP-FIG (`psr/http-message`) defines interfaces for representing HTTP requests, HTTP responses, URLs, and streams. These interfaces are used across the SDK and Guzzle, which provides interoperability with other PSR-7 compliant packages. + Guzzle’s PSR-7 implementation (`guzzlehttp/psr7`) provides an implementation of the interfaces in PSR-7, and several helpful classes and functions. Both the SDK and Guzzle 6 rely on this package heavily. + Guzzle’s [Promises/A\$1](https://promisesaplus.com) implementation (`guzzlehttp/promises`) is used throughout the SDK and Guzzle to provide interfaces for managing asynchronous requests and coroutines. While Guzzle’s multi-cURL HTTP handler ultimately implements the non-blocking I/O model that allows for asynchronous requests, this package provides the ability to program within that paradigm. See [Promises in the AWS SDK for PHP Version 3](guide_promises.md) for more details. + The PHP implementation of [JMESPath](http://jmespath.org/) (`mtdowling/jmespath.php`) is used in the SDK to provide the data querying ability of the `Aws\Result::search()` and `Aws\ResultPaginator::search()` methods. See [JMESPath Expressions in the AWS SDK for PHP Version 3](guide_jmespath.md) for more details. ### Region and version options are now required When instantiating a client for any service, specify the `'region'` and `'version'` options. In version 2 of the AWS SDK for PHP, `'version'` was completely optional, and `'region'` was sometimes optional. In version 3, both are always required. Being explicit about both of these options allows you to lock into the API version and AWS Region you are coding against. When new API versions are created or new AWS Regions become available, you will be isolated from potentially breaking changes until you are ready to explicitly update your configuration. **Note** If you’re not concerned about which API version you are using, you can just set the `'version'` option to `'latest'`. However, we recommend that you set the API version numbers explicitly for production code. Not all services are available in all AWS Regions. You can find a list of available Regions using the [Regions and Endpoints](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/general/latest/gr/rande.html) reference. For services that are available only via a single, global endpoint (e.g., Amazon Route 53, AWS Identity and Access Management, and Amazon CloudFront), instantiate clients with their configured Region set to `us-east-1`. **Important** The SDK also includes multi-region clients, which can dispatch requests to different AWS Regions based on a parameter (`@region`) supplied as a command parameter. The Region used by default by these clients is specified with the `region` option supplied to the client constructor. ### Client instantiation uses the constructor In version 3 of the AWS SDK for PHP, the way you instantiate a client has changed. Instead of the `factory` methods in version 2, you can simply instantiate a client by using the `new` keyword. ``` use Aws\DynamoDb\DynamoDbClient; // Version 2 style $client = DynamoDbClient::factory([ 'region' => 'us-east-2' ]); // Version 3 style $client = new DynamoDbClient([ 'region' => 'us-east-2', 'version' => '2012-08-10' ]); ``` **Note** Instantiating a client using the `factory()` method still works. However, it’s considered deprecated. ### Client configuration has changed The client configuration options in version 3 of the AWS SDK for PHP have changed a little from version 2. See the [Configuration for the AWS SDK for PHP Version 3](guide_configuration.md) page for a description of all supported options. **Important** In version 3, `'key'` and `'secret'` are no longer valid options at the root level, but you can pass them in as part of the `'credentials'` option. One reason we made this was to discourage developers from hard-coding their AWS credentials into their projects. #### The Sdk Object Version 3 of the AWS SDK for PHP introduces the `Aws\Sdk` object as a replacement to `Aws\Common\Aws`. The `Sdk` object acts as a client factory and is used to manage shared configuration options across multiple clients. Although the `Aws` class in version 2 of the SDK worked like a service locator (it always returned the same instance of a client), the `Sdk` class in version 3 returns a new instance of a client every time it’s used. The `Sdk` object also doesn’t support the same configuration file format from version 2 of the SDK. That configuration format was specific to Guzzle 3 and is now obsolete. Configuration can be done more simply with basic arrays, and is documented in [Using the Sdk Class](configuring-service-clients-code.md#sdk-class). ### Some API results have changed To provide consistency in how the SDK parses the result of an API operation, Amazon ElastiCache, Amazon RDS, and Amazon Redshift now have an additional wrapping element on some API responses. For example, calling the Amazon RDS [DescribeEngineDefaultParameters](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/APIReference/API_DescribeEngineDefaultParameters.html) result in version 3 now includes a wrapping “EngineDefaults” element. In version 2, this element was not present. ``` $client = new Aws\Rds\RdsClient([ 'region' => 'us-west-1', 'version' => '2014-09-01' ]); // Version 2 $result = $client->describeEngineDefaultParameters(); $family = $result['DBParameterGroupFamily']; $marker = $result['Marker']; // Version 3 $result = $client->describeEngineDefaultParameters(); $family = $result['EngineDefaults']['DBParameterGroupFamily']; $marker = $result['EngineDefaults']['Marker']; ``` The following operations are affected and now contain a wrapping element in the output of the result (provided below in parentheses): + Amazon ElastiCache + AuthorizeCacheSecurityGroupIngress (CacheSecurityGroup) + CopySnapshot (Snapshot) + CreateCacheCluster (CacheCluster) + CreateCacheParameterGroup (CacheParameterGroup) + CreateCacheSecurityGroup (CacheSecurityGroup) + CreateCacheSubnetGroup (CacheSubnetGroup) + CreateReplicationGroup (ReplicationGroup) + CreateSnapshot (Snapshot) + DeleteCacheCluster (CacheCluster) + DeleteReplicationGroup (ReplicationGroup) + DeleteSnapshot (Snapshot) + DescribeEngineDefaultParameters (EngineDefaults) + ModifyCacheCluster (CacheCluster) + ModifyCacheSubnetGroup (CacheSubnetGroup) + ModifyReplicationGroup (ReplicationGroup) + PurchaseReservedCacheNodesOffering (ReservedCacheNode) + RebootCacheCluster (CacheCluster) + RevokeCacheSecurityGroupIngress (CacheSecurityGroup) + Amazon RDS + AddSourceIdentifierToSubscription (EventSubscription) + AuthorizeDBSecurityGroupIngress (DBSecurityGroup) + CopyDBParameterGroup (DBParameterGroup) + CopyDBSnapshot (DBSnapshot) + CopyOptionGroup (OptionGroup) + CreateDBInstance (DBInstance) + CreateDBInstanceReadReplica (DBInstance) + CreateDBParameterGroup (DBParameterGroup) + CreateDBSecurityGroup (DBSecurityGroup) + CreateDBSnapshot (DBSnapshot) + CreateDBSubnetGroup (DBSubnetGroup) + CreateEventSubscription (EventSubscription) + CreateOptionGroup (OptionGroup) + DeleteDBInstance (DBInstance) + DeleteDBSnapshot (DBSnapshot) + DeleteEventSubscription (EventSubscription) + DescribeEngineDefaultParameters (EngineDefaults) + ModifyDBInstance (DBInstance) + ModifyDBSubnetGroup (DBSubnetGroup) + ModifyEventSubscription (EventSubscription) + ModifyOptionGroup (OptionGroup) + PromoteReadReplica (DBInstance) + PurchaseReservedDBInstancesOffering (ReservedDBInstance) + RebootDBInstance (DBInstance) + RemoveSourceIdentifierFromSubscription (EventSubscription) + RestoreDBInstanceFromDBSnapshot (DBInstance) + RestoreDBInstanceToPointInTime (DBInstance) + RevokeDBSecurityGroupIngress (DBSecurityGroup) + Amazon Redshift + AuthorizeClusterSecurityGroupIngress (ClusterSecurityGroup) + AuthorizeSnapshotAccess (Snapshot) + CopyClusterSnapshot (Snapshot) + CreateCluster (Cluster) + CreateClusterParameterGroup (ClusterParameterGroup) + CreateClusterSecurityGroup (ClusterSecurityGroup) + CreateClusterSnapshot (Snapshot) + CreateClusterSubnetGroup (ClusterSubnetGroup) + CreateEventSubscription (EventSubscription) + CreateHsmClientCertificate (HsmClientCertificate) + CreateHsmConfiguration (HsmConfiguration) + DeleteCluster (Cluster) + DeleteClusterSnapshot (Snapshot) + DescribeDefaultClusterParameters (DefaultClusterParameters) + DisableSnapshotCopy (Cluster) + EnableSnapshotCopy (Cluster) + ModifyCluster (Cluster) + ModifyClusterSubnetGroup (ClusterSubnetGroup) + ModifyEventSubscription (EventSubscription) + ModifySnapshotCopyRetentionPeriod (Cluster) + PurchaseReservedNodeOffering (ReservedNode) + RebootCluster (Cluster) + RestoreFromClusterSnapshot (Cluster) + RevokeClusterSecurityGroupIngress (ClusterSecurityGroup) + RevokeSnapshotAccess (Snapshot) + RotateEncryptionKey (Cluster) ### Enum classes have been removed We have removed the `Enum` classes (e.g., `Aws\S3\Enum\CannedAcl`) that existed in version 2 of the AWS SDK for PHP. Enums were concrete classes within the public API of the SDK that contained constants representing groups of valid parameter values. Because these enums are specific to API versions, can change over time, can conflict with PHP reserved words, and ended up not being very useful, we have removed them in version 3. This supports the data-driven and API version agnostic nature of version 3. Instead of using values from `Enum` objects, use the literal values directly (e.g., `CannedAcl::PUBLIC_READ` → `'public-read'`). ### Fine-grained exception classes have been removed We have removed the fine-grained exception classes that existed in each service’s namespaces (e.g., `Aws\Rds\Exception\{SpecificError}Exception`) for very similar reasons that we removed Enums. The exceptions thrown by a service or operation are dependent on which API version is used (they can change from version to version). Also, the complete list of the exceptions that can be thrown by a given operation is not available, which made version 2’s fine-grained exception classes incomplete. Handle errors by catching the root exception class for each service (e.g., `Aws\Rds\Exception\RdsException`). You can use the `getAwsErrorCode()` method of the exception to check for specific error codes. This is functionally equivalent to catching different exception classes, but provides that function without adding bloat to the SDK. ### Static facade classes have been removed In version 2 of the AWS SDK for PHP, there was an obscure feature inspired by Laravel that allowed you to call `enableFacades()` on the `Aws` class to enable static access to the various service clients. This feature goes against PHP best practices, and we stopped documenting it over a year ago. In version 3, this feature is removed completely. Retrieve your client objects from the `Aws\Sdk` object and use them as object instances, not static classes. ### Paginators supersede iterators Version 2 of the AWS SDK for PHP had a feature named \$1 iterators\$1. These were objects that were used for iterating over paginated results. One complaint we had about these was that they were not flexible enough, because the iterator only emitted specific values from each result. If there were other values you needed from the results, you could only retrieve them via event listeners. In version 3, iterators have been replaced with [Paginators](guide_paginators.md). Their purpose is similar, but paginators are more flexible. This is because they yield result objects instead of values from a response. The following examples show how paginators are different from iterators, by demonstrating how to retrieve paginated results for the `S3 ListObjects` operation in both version 2 and version 3. ``` // Version 2 $objects = $s3Client->getIterator('ListObjects', ['Bucket' => 'amzn-s3-demo-bucket']); foreach ($objects as $object) { echo $object['Key'] . "\n"; } ``` ``` // Version 3 $results = $s3Client->getPaginator('ListObjects', ['Bucket' => 'amzn-s3-demo-bucket']); foreach ($results as $result) { // You can extract any data that you want from the result. foreach ($result['Contents'] as $object) { echo $object['Key'] . "\n"; } } ``` Paginator objects have a `search()` method that enables you to use [JMESPath](guide_jmespath.md) expressions to extract data more easily from the result set. ``` $results = $s3Client->getPaginator('ListObjects', ['Bucket' => 'amzn-s3-demo-bucket']); foreach ($results->search('Contents[].Key') as $key) { echo $key . "\n"; } ``` **Note** The `getIterator()` method is still supported to allow for a smooth transition to version 3, but we encourage you to migrate your code to use paginators. ### Many higher-level abstractions have changed In general, many of the higher-level abstractions (service-specific helper objects, aside from the clients) have been improved or updated. Some have even been removed. + **Updated:** + The way you use [Amazon S3 Multipart Upload](s3-multipart-upload.md) has changed. Amazon Glacier Multipart Upload has been changed in similar ways. + The way to create [Amazon S3 pre-signed URLs](s3-presigned-url.md) has changed. + The `Aws\S3\Sync` namespace has been replaced by the `Aws\S3\Transfer` class. The `S3Client::uploadDirectory()` and `S3Client::downloadBucket()` methods are still available, but have different options. See the documentation for [Amazon S3 Transfer Manager with AWS SDK for PHP Version 3](s3-transfer.md). + `Aws\S3\Model\ClearBucket` and `Aws\S3\Model\DeleteObjectsBatch` have been replaced by `Aws\S3\BatchDelete` and `S3Client::deleteMatchingObjects()`. + The options and behaviors for the [Using the DynamoDB Session Handler with AWS SDK for PHP Version 3](service_dynamodb-session-handler.md) have changed slightly. + The `Aws\DynamoDb\Model\BatchRequest` namespace has been replaced by `Aws\DynamoDb\WriteRequestBatch`. See the documentation for [DynamoDB WriteRequestBatch](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/aws-sdk-php/v3/api/class-Aws.DynamoDb.WriteRequestBatch.html). + The `Aws\Ses\SesClient` now handles base64 encoding the `RawMessage` when using `SendRawEmail` operation. + **Removed:** + Amazon DynamoDB`Item`, `Attribute`, and `ItemIterator` classes - These were previously deprecated in [Version 2.7.0](https://github.com/aws/aws-sdk-php/blob/3.0.0/CHANGELOG.md#270===2014-10-08). + Amazon SNS message validator - This is now [a separate, lightweight project](https://github.com/aws/aws-php-sns-message-validator) that does not require the SDK as a dependency. This project is, however, included in the Phar and ZIP distributions of the SDK. You can find a getting started guide [on the AWS PHP Development blog](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/developer/receiving-amazon-sns-messages-in-php/). + Amazon S3`AcpBuilder` and related objects were removed. ## Comparing code samples from both versions of the SDK The following examples show some of the ways in which using version 3 of the AWS SDK for PHP differs from version 2. ### Example: Amazon S3 `ListObjects` operation #### From version 2 of the SDK ``` 'my-credential-profile', 'region' => 'us-east-1' ]); try { $result = $s3->listObjects([ 'Bucket' => 'amzn-s3-demo-bucket', 'Key' => 'my-object-key' ]); foreach ($result['Contents'] as $object) { echo $object['Key'] . "\n"; } } catch (S3Exception $e) { echo $e->getMessage() . "\n"; } ``` #### From version 3 of the SDK Key differences: + Use `new` instead of `factory()` to instantiate the client. + The `'version'` and `'region'` options are required during instantiation. ``` 'my-credential-profile', 'region' => 'us-east-1', 'version' => '2006-03-01' ]); try { $result = $s3->listObjects([ 'Bucket' => 'amzn-s3-demo-bucket', 'Key' => 'my-object-key' ]); foreach ($result['Contents'] as $object) { echo $object['Key'] . "\n"; } } catch (S3Exception $e) { echo $e->getMessage() . "\n"; } ``` ### Example: Instantiating a client with global configuration #### From version 2 of the SDK ``` array('_aws'), 'services' => array( 'default_settings' => array( 'params' => array( 'profile' => 'my_profile', 'region' => 'us-east-1' ) ), 'dynamodb' => array( 'extends' => 'dynamodb', 'params' => array( 'region' => 'us-west-2' ) ), ) ); ``` ``` get('sqs'); // Note: SQS client will be configured for us-east-1. $dynamodb = $aws->get('dynamodb'); // Note: DynamoDB client will be configured for us-west-2. ``` #### From version 3 of the SDK Key differences: + Use the `Aws\Sdk` class instead of `Aws\Common\Aws`. + There’s no configuration file. Use an array for configuration instead. + The `'version'` option is required during instantiation. + Use the `create()` methods instead of `get('')`. ``` 'my_profile', 'region' => 'us-east-1', 'version' => 'latest', 'DynamoDb' => [ 'region' => 'us-west-2', ], ]); $sqs = $sdk->createSqs(); // Note: Amazon SQS client will be configured for us-east-1. $dynamodb = $sdk->createDynamoDb(); // Note: DynamoDB client will be configured for us-west-2. ```