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使用 PHP 创建 URL 签名

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使用 PHP 创建 URL 签名 - Amazon CloudFront

运行 PHP 的任何 Web 服务器可使用此 PHP 代码示例,来为私有的 CloudFront 分配创建策略声明和签名。该完整示例使用签名 URL 链接创建一个正常运作的网页,这些链接使用 CloudFront 流播放视频流。您可以从 demo-php.zip 文件下载完整示例。

备注
  • 创建 URL 签名只是使用签名 URL 提供私有内容过程的一部分。有关整个过程的更多信息,请参阅使用签名 URL

  • 还可以通过使用 适用于 PHP 的 AWS SDK 中的 UrlSigner 类来创建签名 URL。有关更多信息,请参阅 适用于 PHP 的 AWS SDKAPI 参考中的 Class UrlSigner

以下部分将代码示例细分到各个单独的部分。您可在下方找到完整代码示例

创建 RSA SHA-1 签名

本代码示例执行以下操作:

  • 函数 rsa_sha1_sign 执行哈希操作并签署策略声明。所需的参数是策略语句和私有密钥,该私有密钥对应于分配的可信密钥组中的公有密钥。

  • 接下来,url_safe_base64_encode 函数创建签名 URL 安全版本。

function rsa_sha1_sign($policy, $private_key_filename) { $signature = ""; // load the private key $fp = fopen($private_key_filename, "r"); $priv_key = fread($fp, 8192); fclose($fp); $pkeyid = openssl_get_privatekey($priv_key); // compute signature openssl_sign($policy, $signature, $pkeyid); // free the key from memory openssl_free_key($pkeyid); return $signature; } function url_safe_base64_encode($value) { $encoded = base64_encode($value); // replace unsafe characters +, = and / with // the safe characters -, _ and ~ return str_replace( array('+', '=', '/'), array('-', '_', '~'), $encoded); }

以下代码段使用函数 get_canned_policy_stream_name()get_custom_policy_stream_name() 来创建标准策略和自定义策略。CloudFront 使用这些策略来创建用于流式传输视频的 URL,包括指定过期时间。

然后,您可以使用标准策略或自定义策略来确定如何管理对内容的访问。有关选择哪一项的更多信息,请参阅决定为签名 URL 使用标准策略还是自定义策略部分。

创建标准策略

以下代码示例构建了签名的标准策略声明。

注意

$expires 变量是一个日期/时间戳,必须为整数,而不是字符串。

function get_canned_policy_stream_name($video_path, $private_key_filename, $key_pair_id, $expires) { // this policy is well known by CloudFront, but you still need to sign it, since it contains your parameters $canned_policy = '{"Statement":[{"Resource":"' . $video_path . '","Condition":{"DateLessThan":{"AWS:EpochTime":'. $expires . '}}}]}'; // the policy contains characters that cannot be part of a URL, so we base64 encode it $encoded_policy = url_safe_base64_encode($canned_policy); // sign the original policy, not the encoded version $signature = rsa_sha1_sign($canned_policy, $private_key_filename); // make the signature safe to be included in a URL $encoded_signature = url_safe_base64_encode($signature); // combine the above into a stream name $stream_name = create_stream_name($video_path, null, $encoded_signature, $key_pair_id, $expires); // URL-encode the query string characters return $stream_name; }

更多有关标准策略的信息,请参阅 使用标准策略创建签名 URL

创建自定义策略

以下代码示例构建了签名的自定义 策略声明。

function get_custom_policy_stream_name($video_path, $private_key_filename, $key_pair_id, $policy) { // the policy contains characters that cannot be part of a URL, so we base64 encode it $encoded_policy = url_safe_base64_encode($policy); // sign the original policy, not the encoded version $signature = rsa_sha1_sign($policy, $private_key_filename); // make the signature safe to be included in a URL $encoded_signature = url_safe_base64_encode($signature); // combine the above into a stream name $stream_name = create_stream_name($video_path, $encoded_policy, $encoded_signature, $key_pair_id, null); // URL-encode the query string characters return $stream_name; }

更多有关自定义策略的信息,请参阅 使用自定义策略创建签名 URL

完整代码示例

以下代码示例完整演示了使用 PHP 创建 CloudFront 签名 URL。您可以从 demo-php.zip 文件下载完整示例。

在下面的示例中,您可以修改 $policy Condition 元素,以同时允许 IPv4 和 IPv6 地址范围。有关示例,请参阅《Amazon Simple Storage Service 用户指南》中的在 IAM 策略中使用 IPv6 地址

<?php function rsa_sha1_sign($policy, $private_key_filename) { $signature = ""; // load the private key $fp = fopen($private_key_filename, "r"); $priv_key = fread($fp, 8192); fclose($fp); $pkeyid = openssl_get_privatekey($priv_key); // compute signature openssl_sign($policy, $signature, $pkeyid); // free the key from memory openssl_free_key($pkeyid); return $signature; } function url_safe_base64_encode($value) { $encoded = base64_encode($value); // replace unsafe characters +, = and / with the safe characters -, _ and ~ return str_replace( array('+', '=', '/'), array('-', '_', '~'), $encoded); } function create_stream_name($stream, $policy, $signature, $key_pair_id, $expires) { $result = $stream; // if the stream already contains query parameters, attach the new query parameters to the end // otherwise, add the query parameters $separator = strpos($stream, '?') == FALSE ? '?' : '&'; // the presence of an expires time means we're using a canned policy if($expires) { $result .= $separator . "Expires=" . $expires . "&Signature=" . $signature . "&Key-Pair-Id=" . $key_pair_id; } // not using a canned policy, include the policy itself in the stream name else { $result .= $separator . "Policy=" . $policy . "&Signature=" . $signature . "&Key-Pair-Id=" . $key_pair_id; } // new lines would break us, so remove them return str_replace('\n', '', $result); } function get_canned_policy_stream_name($video_path, $private_key_filename, $key_pair_id, $expires) { // this policy is well known by CloudFront, but you still need to sign it, since it contains your parameters $canned_policy = '{"Statement":[{"Resource":"' . $video_path . '","Condition":{"DateLessThan":{"AWS:EpochTime":'. $expires . '}}}]}'; // the policy contains characters that cannot be part of a URL, so we base64 encode it $encoded_policy = url_safe_base64_encode($canned_policy); // sign the original policy, not the encoded version $signature = rsa_sha1_sign($canned_policy, $private_key_filename); // make the signature safe to be included in a URL $encoded_signature = url_safe_base64_encode($signature); // combine the above into a stream name $stream_name = create_stream_name($video_path, null, $encoded_signature, $key_pair_id, $expires); // URL-encode the query string characters return $stream_name; } function get_custom_policy_stream_name($video_path, $private_key_filename, $key_pair_id, $policy) { // the policy contains characters that cannot be part of a URL, so we base64 encode it $encoded_policy = url_safe_base64_encode($policy); // sign the original policy, not the encoded version $signature = rsa_sha1_sign($policy, $private_key_filename); // make the signature safe to be included in a URL $encoded_signature = url_safe_base64_encode($signature); // combine the above into a stream name $stream_name = create_stream_name($video_path, $encoded_policy, $encoded_signature, $key_pair_id, null); // URL-encode the query string characters return $stream_name; } // Path to your private key. Be very careful that this file is not accessible // from the web! $private_key_filename = '/home/test/secure/example-priv-key.pem'; $key_pair_id = 'K2JCJMDEHXQW5F'; // Make sure you have "Restrict viewer access" enabled on this path behaviour and using the above Trusted key groups (recommended). $video_path = 'https://example.com/secure/example.mp4'; $expires = time() + 300; // 5 min from now $canned_policy_stream_name = get_canned_policy_stream_name($video_path, $private_key_filename, $key_pair_id, $expires); // Get the viewer real IP from the x-forward-for header as $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] will return viewer facing IP. An alternative option is to use CloudFront-Viewer-Address header. Note that this header is a trusted CloudFront immutable header. Example format: IP:PORT ("CloudFront-Viewer-Address": "1.2.3.4:12345") $client_ip = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']; $policy = '{'. '"Statement":['. '{'. '"Resource":"'. $video_path . '",'. '"Condition":{'. '"IpAddress":{"AWS:SourceIp":"' . $client_ip . '/32"},'. '"DateLessThan":{"AWS:EpochTime":' . $expires . '}'. '}'. '}'. ']' . '}'; $custom_policy_stream_name = get_custom_policy_stream_name($video_path, $private_key_filename, $key_pair_id, $policy); ?> <html> <head> <title>CloudFront</title> </head> <body> <h1>Amazon CloudFront</h1> <h2>Canned Policy</h2> <h3>Expires at <?php echo gmdate('Y-m-d H:i:s T', $expires); ?></h3> <br /> <div id='canned'>The canned policy video will be here: <br> <video width="640" height="360" autoplay muted controls> <source src="<?php echo $canned_policy_stream_name; ?>" type="video/mp4"> Your browser does not support the video tag. </video> </div> <h2>Custom Policy</h2> <h3>Expires at <?php echo gmdate('Y-m-d H:i:s T', $expires); ?> only viewable by IP <?php echo $client_ip; ?></h3> <div id='custom'>The custom policy video will be here: <br> <video width="640" height="360" autoplay muted controls> <source src="<?php echo $custom_policy_stream_name; ?>" type="video/mp4"> Your browser does not support the video tag. </video> </div> </body> </html>

有关更多 URL 签名示例,请参阅以下主题:

您可以不使用签名 URL 来创建签名,而是使用签名 Cookie。有关更多信息,请参阅 使用 PHP 创建签名 Cookie

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