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交通政策文件格式

当您使用 Amazon Route 53 API、其中一个软件开发 AWS 工具包、或以编程方式创建流量策略时 AWS Tools for Windows PowerShell，您可以在 JSON 格式的Document元素中指定流量策略的定义。 AWS CLI

有关流量策略的更多信息，请参阅 Amazon Route 53 开发者指南中的使用流量路由 DNS 流量。

基本语法

以下是流量策略文档的基本语法：

{
   "AWSPolicyFormatVersion": "2015-10-01 | 2023-05-09",
   "RecordType": "DNS type for all resource record sets created by this traffic policy",
   "StartEndpoint | StartRule": "ID that you assign to an endpoint or rule",
   "Endpoints": {
      "Endpoint ID that you assign": {
         Endpoint definition
      },
      ...
   },
   "Rules": {
      "Rule ID that you assign": {
         Rule definition
      },
      ...
   }
}

流量策略文档的基本语法包含以下对象：

端点定义的语法

以下是您在流量策略文档中指定的端点定义的语法：

{
   "Type": value | cloudfront | application-load-balancer | elastic-load-balancer | network-load-balancer | elastic-beanstalk | s3-website,
   "Region": "AWS region that you created your Amazon S3 bucket in"
   "Value": "value applicable to the type of endpoint"
}

端点定义的语法包含以下对象：

规则定义的语法

根据要使用的路由策略类型，您在流量策略文档中指定的规则定义有不同的语法：故障转移、地理位置、地理位置、延迟、多值答案或加权。

故障转移规则

有关更多信息，请参阅 Amazon Route 53 开发人员指南中的配置 DNS 故障转移。

{
   "RuleType": "failover",
   "Primary": {
      "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the rule or endpoint that this rule routes traffic to",
      "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true" | "false",
      "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
   },
   "Secondary": {
      "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the rule or endpoint that this rule routes traffic to",
      "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true" | "false",
      "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
   }
}

定义故障转移规则时，需要指定以下对象：

地理定位规则

添加地理定位规则时，您可以将流量策略配置为根据用户的地理位置对流量进行路由。有关更多信息，请参阅 Amazon Route 53 开发者指南中的地理位置路由。

{
   "RuleType": "geo",
   "Locations": [
      {
         "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the rule or endpoint that this rule routes traffic to",
         "IsDefault": "true" | "false",
         "Continent": "continent name,
         "Country": "country name,
         "Subdivision": "subdivision name,
         "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true" | "false",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      },
      ...
   ]
}

定义地理定位规则时，需要指定以下对象：

地理位置邻近规则

添加地理邻近性规则时，您可以将 Amazon Route 53 配置为根据资源的地理位置将流量路由到您的资源。您也可以选择通过指定偏差将更多或更少的流量路由到给定的端点或规则。您可以使用偏差来扩大或缩小流量从中路由到终端节点或规则的地理区域的大小。有关更多信息，请参阅 Amazon Route 53 开发者指南中的邻近地理路由。

以下示例AWSPolicyFormatVersion 2023-05-09仅适用于：

{
   "RuleType": "geoproximity",
   "GeoproximityLocations": [
      { 
         "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the endpoint or rule that this rule routes traffic to",
         "Location":{
            "Type": "Region | LocalZone",
            "LocationName": "AWS Region | AWS Local Zone"
         },
         "Bias": "optional value to expand or shrink the geographic region for this rule, -99 to 99",
         "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true | false",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      },
      {
         "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the endpoint or rule that this rule routes traffic to",
         "Location":{
            "Type": "Coordinate",
            "Latitude": "location south (negative) or north (positive) of the equator, -90 to 90 degrees",
            "Longitude": "location west (negative) or east (positive) of the prime meridian, -180 to 180 degrees"
         },
         "Bias": "optional value to expand or shrink the geographic region for this rule, -99 to 99",
         "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true | false",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      }
   ]
}

以下示例AWSPolicyFormatVersion 2015-10-01仅适用于：

{
   "RuleType": "geoproximity",
   "GeoproximityLocations": [
      {
         "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the endpoint or rule that this rule routes traffic to",
         "Region": "AWS Region",
         "Bias": "optional value to expand or shrink the geographic region for this rule, -99 to 99",
         "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true | false",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      },
      {
         "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the endpoint or rule that this rule routes traffic to",
         "Latitude": "location south (negative) or north (positive) of the equator, -90 to 90 degrees",
         "Longitude": "location west (negative) or east (positive) of the prime meridian, -180 to 180 degrees",
         "Bias": "optional value to expand or shrink the geographic region for this rule, -99 to 99",
         "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true | false",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      }
   ]
}

在定义地理邻近度规则时，需要指定以下对象：

延迟规则

添加延迟规则时，您可以配置流量策略，根据用户与创建 AWS 资源（例如 ELB 负载均衡器和 Amazon S3 存储桶）的 AWS 区域之间的延迟（时间延迟）来路由流量。有关更多信息，请参阅 Amazon Route 53 开发人员指南中的延迟路由。

{
   "RuleType": "latency",
   "Regions": [
      {
         "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the rule or endpoint that this rule routes traffic to",
         "Region": "AWS region that you want to route traffic to",
         "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true" | "false",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      },
      ...
   ]
}

在定义延迟规则时，需要指定以下对象：

多值答案规则

添加多值答案规则时，您可以将流量策略配置为将流量大致随机路由到您的健康资源。Amazon Route 53 最多使用八条健康记录响应 DNS 查询；如果您的健康记录不超过八个，则 Route 53 会使用所有健康记录来响应所有 DNS 查询。有关更多信息，请参阅 MultiValueAnswer。

{
   "RuleType": "multivalue",
   "Items": [
      {
         "EndpointReference": "ID that you assigned to the endpoint that this rule routes traffic to",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      },
      ...
   ]
}

定义多值答案规则时，需要指定以下对象：

加权规则

添加加权规则时，您可以将流量策略配置为根据您指定的比例路由流量。例如，您可以将权重指定为 4、5、5 和 6（总和 = 20）。结果是， 4/20ths 平均而言，您的流量会路由到第一个端点或规则， 5/20ths 同时路由到第二个和第三个终端节点或规则，然后 6/20ths 路由到最后一个端点或规则。有关更多信息，请参阅 Amazon Route 53 开发人员指南中的加权路由。

{
   "RuleType": "weighted",
   "Items": [
      {
         "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the rule or endpoint that this rule routes traffic to",
         "Weight": "value between 0 and 255",
         "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true" | "false",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      },
      ...
   ]
}

定义加权规则时，需要指定以下对象：

示例

以下示例说明如何使用故障转移、地理位置、地理位置、延迟和加权规则，以及如何在同一个流量策略中使用多种类型的规则。

故障转移示例

{
   "AWSPolicyFormatVersion":"2015-10-01",
   "RecordType":"A",
   "StartRule":"site_switch",
   "Endpoints":{
      "my_elb":{
         "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
         "Value":"elb-111111.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
      },
      "site_down_banner":{
         "Type":"s3-website",
         "Region":"us-east-1",
         "Value":"www.example.com"
      }
   },
   "Rules":{
      "site_switch":{
         "RuleType":"failover",
         "Primary":{
            "EndpointReference":"my_elb"
         },
         "Secondary":{
            "EndpointReference":"site_down_banner"
         }
      }
   }
}

地理定位示例

{
  "AWSPolicyFormatVersion":"2015-10-01",
  "RecordType":"A",
  "StartRule":"geo_dest",
  "Endpoints":{
    "english":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.1"
    },
    "french":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.2"
    },
    "german":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.3"
    }
  },
  "Rules":{
    "geo_dest":{
      "RuleType":"geo",
      "Locations":[
        {
          "EndpointReference":"english",
          "Country":"*",
          "HealthCheck":"11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference":"french",
          "Country":"FR",
          "IsDefault":false,
          "HealthCheck":"22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference":"french",
          "Country":"BE",
          "IsDefault":false,
          "HealthCheck":"22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference":"german",
          "Country":"DE",
          "IsDefault":false,
          "HealthCheck":"33333333-3333-3333-3333-333333333333"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

地理邻近示例

{
  "AWSPolicyFormatVersion":"2015-10-01",
  "RecordType":"A",
  "StartRule":"geoprox-rule",
  "Endpoints":{
    "aws-us-west-1-region":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-123456.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "london-data-center":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.1"
    }
  },
  "Rules":{
    "geoprox-rule":{
      "RuleType": "geoproximity",
      "GeoproximityLocations": [
        {
          "EndpointReference": "aws-us-west-1-region",
          "Region": "aws:route53:us-west-1",
          "Bias": "10",
          "HealthCheck": "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference": "london-data-center",
          "Latitude": "51.50",
          "Longitude": "-0.16",
          "Bias": "0",
          "HealthCheck": "22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

{
  "AWSPolicyFormatVersion":"2023-05-09",
  "RecordType":"A",
  "StartRule":"geoprox-rule",
  "Endpoints":{
    "aws-us-west-1-region":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-123456.us-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "aws-us-east-1-atl-local-zone":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-123456.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "london-data-center":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.1"
    }
  },
  "Rules":{
    "geoprox-rule":{
      "RuleType": "geoproximity",
      "GeoproximityLocations": [
        {
          "EndpointReference": "aws-us-west-1-region",
          "Location": {
            "Type": "Region",
            "LocationName": "aws:route53:us-west-1"
          },
          "Bias": "-10",
          "HealthCheck": "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference": "aws-us-east-1-atl-local-zone",
          "Location": {
            "Type": "LocalZone",
            "LocationName": "aws:route53:us-east-1-atl-1a"
          },
          "Bias": "10",
          "HealthCheck": "22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference": "london-data-center",
          "Location": {
            "Type": "Coordinate",
            "Latitude": "51.50",
            "Longitude": "-0.16"
          },
          "Bias": "0",
          "HealthCheck": "33333333-3333-3333-3333-333333333333"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

延迟示例

{
  "AWSPolicyFormatVersion":"2015-10-01",
  "RecordType":"A",
  "StartRule":"region_selector",
  "Endpoints":{
    "us_lb":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-123456.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "europe_lb":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-654321.eu-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    }
  },
  "Rules":{
    "region_selector":{
      "RuleType":"latency",
      "Regions":[
        {
          "Region":"us-east-1",
          "EndpointReference":"us_lb"
        },
        {
          "Region":"eu-west-1",
          "EndpointReference":"europe_lb"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

加权示例

{
  "AWSPolicyFormatVersion":"2015-10-01",
  "RecordType":"A",
  "StartRule":"round_robin",
  "Endpoints":{
    "srv1":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.1"
    },
    "srv2":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.2"
    },
    "srv3":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.3"
    }
  },
  "Rules":{
    "round_robin":{
      "RuleType":"weighted",
      "Items":[
        {
          "EndpointReference":"srv1",
          "Weight":"3",
          "HealthCheck":"11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference":"srv2",
          "Weight":"1",
          "HealthCheck":"22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference":"srv3",
          "Weight":"1",
          "HealthCheck":"33333333-3333-3333-3333-333333333333"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

故障转移、延迟和地理定位规则示例

{
  "AWSPolicyFormatVersion":"2015-10-01",
  "RecordType":"A",
  "StartRule":"geo_restriction",
  "Endpoints":{
    "east_coast_lb1":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-111111.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "east_coast_lb2":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-222222.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "west_coast_lb1":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-111111.us-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "west_coast_lb2":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-222222.us-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "denied_message":{
      "Type":"s3-website",
      "Region":"us-east-1",
      "Value":"video.example.com"
    }
  },
  "Rules":{
    "geo_restriction":{
      "RuleType":"geo",
      "Locations":[
        {
          "EndpointReference":"denied_message",
          "IsDefault":true
        },
        {
          "RuleReference":"region_selector",
          "Country":"US"
        }
      ]
    },
    "region_selector":{
      "RuleType":"latency",
      "Regions":[
        {
          "Region":"us-east-1",
          "RuleReference":"east_coast_region"
        },
        {
          "Region":"us-west-1",
          "RuleReference":"west_coast_region"
        }
      ]
    },
    "east_coast_region":{
      "RuleType":"failover",
      "Primary":{
        "EndpointReference":"east_coast_lb1"
      },
      "Secondary":{
        "EndpointReference":"east_coast_lb2"
      }
    },
    "west_coast_region":{
      "RuleType":"failover",
      "Primary":{
        "EndpointReference":"west_coast_lb1"
      },
      "Secondary":{
        "EndpointReference":"west_coast_lb2"
      }
    }
  }
}