CloudTrail 使用示例 AWS CLI - AWS Command Line Interface
操作

本文档 AWS CLI 仅适用于版本 1。有关版本 2 的文档 AWS CLI，请参阅版本 2 用户指南。

本文属于机器翻译版本。若本译文内容与英语原文存在差异，则一律以英文原文为准。

CloudTrail 使用示例 AWS CLI

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用with来执行操作和实现常见场景 CloudTrail。 AWS Command Line Interface

操作是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以在其中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

主题

操作

以下代码示例显示了如何使用add-tags。

AWS CLI

向跟踪添加标签

以下add-tags命令为以下命令添加标签Trail1：

aws cloudtrail add-tags --resource-id arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-1:123456789012:trail/Trail1 --tags-list Key=name,Value=Alice Key=location,Value=us

以下代码示例显示了如何使用create-subscription。

AWS CLI

为跟踪创建和配置 AWS 资源

以下create-subscription命令为以下内容创建新的 S3 存储桶和SNS主题Trail1：

aws cloudtrail create-subscription --name Trail1 --s3-new-bucket my-bucket --sns-new-topic my-topic

输出：

Setting up new S3 bucket my-bucket...
Setting up new SNS topic my-topic...
Creating/updating CloudTrail configuration...
CloudTrail configuration:
{
"trailList": [
  {
    "IncludeGlobalServiceEvents": true,
    "Name": "Trail1",
    "TrailARN": "arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-1:123456789012:trail/Trail1",
    "LogFileValidationEnabled": false,
    "IsMultiRegionTrail": false,
    "S3BucketName": "my-bucket",
    "SnsTopicName": "my-topic",
    "HomeRegion": "us-east-1"
  }
],
"ResponseMetadata": {
"HTTPStatusCode": 200,
"RequestId": "f39e51f6-c615-11e5-85bd-d35ca21ee3e2"
}
}
Starting CloudTrail service...
Logs will be delivered to my-bucket

以下代码示例显示了如何使用create-trail。

AWS CLI

创建跟踪

以下create-trail命令创建名为的多区域跟踪Trail1并指定一个 S3 存储桶：

aws cloudtrail create-trail --name Trail1 --s3-bucket-name my-bucket --is-multi-region-trail

输出：

{
  "IncludeGlobalServiceEvents": true,
  "Name": "Trail1",
  "TrailARN": "arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-west-2:123456789012:trail/Trail1",
  "LogFileValidationEnabled": false,
  "IsMultiRegionTrail": true,
  "S3BucketName": "my-bucket"
}

以下代码示例显示了如何使用delete-trail。

AWS CLI

删除跟踪

以下delete-trail命令删除名为的跟踪Trail1：

aws cloudtrail delete-trail --name Trail1

以下代码示例显示了如何使用describe-trails。

AWS CLI

描述一条小径

以下describe-trails命令返回Trail1和的设置Trail2：

aws cloudtrail describe-trails --trail-name-list Trail1 Trail2

输出：

{
 "trailList": [
     {
         "IncludeGlobalServiceEvents": true,
         "Name": "Trail1",
         "TrailARN": "arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-1:123456789012:trail/Trail1",
         "LogFileValidationEnabled": false,
         "IsMultiRegionTrail": false,
         "S3BucketName": "my-bucket",
         "CloudWatchLogsRoleArn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/CloudTrail_CloudWatchLogs_Role",
         "CloudWatchLogsLogGroupArn": "arn:aws:logs:us-east-1:123456789012:log-group:CloudTrail:*",
         "SnsTopicName": "my-topic",
         "HomeRegion": "us-east-1"
     },
     {
         "IncludeGlobalServiceEvents": true,
         "Name": "Trail2",
         "S3KeyPrefix": "my-prefix",
         "TrailARN": "arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-1:123456789012:trail/Trail2",
         "LogFileValidationEnabled": false,
         "IsMultiRegionTrail": false,
         "S3BucketName": "my-bucket",
         "KmsKeyId": "arn:aws:kms:us-east-1:123456789012:key/4c5ae5ac-3c13-421e-8335-c7868ef6a769",
         "HomeRegion": "us-east-1"
     }
  ]
}

以下代码示例显示了如何使用get-event-selectors。

AWS CLI

查看跟踪的事件选择器设置

以下get-event-selectors命令返回的设置Trail1：

aws cloudtrail get-event-selectors --trail-name Trail1

输出：

{
  "EventSelectors": [
      {
          "IncludeManagementEvents": true,
          "DataResources": [],
          "ReadWriteType": "All"
      }
  ],
  "TrailARN": "arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-1:123456789012:trail/Trail1"
}

以下代码示例显示了如何使用get-trail-status。

AWS CLI

获取跟踪的状态

以下get-trail-status命令返回以下内容的交付和日志详细信息Trail1：

aws cloudtrail get-trail-status --name Trail1

输出：

{
  "LatestNotificationTime": 1454022144.869,
  "LatestNotificationAttemptSucceeded": "2016-01-28T23:02:24Z",
  "LatestDeliveryAttemptTime": "2016-01-28T23:02:24Z",
  "LatestDeliveryTime": 1454022144.869,
  "TimeLoggingStarted": "2015-11-06T18:36:38Z",
  "LatestDeliveryAttemptSucceeded": "2016-01-28T23:02:24Z",
  "IsLogging": true,
  "LatestCloudWatchLogsDeliveryTime": 1454022144.918,
  "StartLoggingTime": 1446834998.695,
  "StopLoggingTime": 1446834996.933,
  "LatestNotificationAttemptTime": "2016-01-28T23:02:24Z",
  "TimeLoggingStopped": "2015-11-06T18:36:36Z"
}

以下代码示例显示了如何使用list-public-keys。

AWS CLI

列出跟踪的所有公钥

以下list-public-keys命令返回在指定时间范围内使用其私钥对摘要文件进行签名的所有公钥：

aws cloudtrail list-public-keys --start-time 2016-01-01T20:30:00.000Z

输出：

{
  "PublicKeyList": [
      {
         "ValidityStartTime": 1453076702.0,
         "ValidityEndTime": 1455668702.0,
         "Value": "MIIBCgKCAQEAlSS3cl92HDycr/MTj0moOhas8habjrraXw+KzlWF0axSI2tcF+3iJ9BKQAVSKxGwxwu3m0wG3J+kUl1xboEcEPHYoIYMbgfSw7KGnuDKwkLzsQWhUJ0cIbOHASox1vv/5fNXkrHhGbDCHeVXm804c83nvHUEFYThr1PfyP/8HwrCtR3FX5OANtQCP61C1nJtSSkC8JSQUOrIP4CuwJjc+4WGDk+BGH5m9iuiAKkipEHWmUl8/P7XpfpWQuk4h8g3pXZOrNXr08lbh4d39svj7UqdhvOXoBISp9t/EXYuePGEtBdrKD9Dz+VHwyUPtBQvYr9BnkF88qBnaPNhS44rzwIDAQAB",
         "Fingerprint": "7f3f401420072e50a65a141430817ab3"
     }
  ]
}

以下代码示例显示了如何使用list-tags。

AWS CLI

列出跟踪的标签

以下list-tags命令列出了Trail1和的标签Trail2：

aws cloudtrail list-tags --resource-id-list arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-1:123456789012:trail/Trail1 arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-1:123456789012:trail/Trail2

输出：

{
 "ResourceTagList": [
     {
         "ResourceId": "arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-1:123456789012:trail/Trail1",
         "TagsList": [
             {
                 "Value": "Alice",
                 "Key": "name"
             },
             {
                 "Value": "us",
                 "Key": "location"
             }
         ]
     },
     {
         "ResourceId": "arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-1:123456789012:trail/Trail2",
         "TagsList": [
             {
                 "Value": "Bob",
                 "Key": "name"
             }
         ]
     }
  ]
}

以下代码示例显示了如何使用lookup-events。

AWS CLI

查找轨迹的事件

以下lookup-events命令按属性查找API活动事件EventName：

aws cloudtrail lookup-events --lookup-attributes AttributeKey=EventName,AttributeValue=ConsoleLogin

输出：

{
  "Events": [
     {
         "EventId": "654ccbc0-ba0d-486a-9076-dbf7274677a7",
         "Username": "my-session-name",
         "EventTime": "2021-11-18T09:41:02-08:00",
         "CloudTrailEvent": "{\"eventVersion\":\"1.02\",\"userIdentity\":{\"type\":\"AssumedRole\",\"principalId\":\"AROAJIKPFTA72SWU4L7T4:my-session-name\",\"arn\":\"arn:aws:sts::123456789012:assumed-role/my-role/my-session-name\",\"accountId\":\"123456789012\",\"sessionContext\":{\"attributes\":{\"mfaAuthenticated\":\"false\",\"creationDate\":\"2016-01-26T21:42:12Z\"},\"sessionIssuer\":{\"type\":\"Role\",\"principalId\":\"AROAJIKPFTA72SWU4L7T4\",\"arn\":\"arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/my-role\",\"accountId\":\"123456789012\",\"userName\":\"my-role\"}}},\"eventTime\":\"2016-01-26T21:42:12Z\",\"eventSource\":\"signin.amazonaws.com\",\"eventName\":\"ConsoleLogin\",\"awsRegion\":\"us-east-1\",\"sourceIPAddress\":\"72.21.198.70\",\"userAgent\":\"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_9_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/47.0.2526.111 Safari/537.36\",\"requestParameters\":null,\"responseElements\":{\"ConsoleLogin\":\"Success\"},\"additionalEventData\":{\"MobileVersion\":\"No\",\"MFAUsed\":\"No\"},\"eventID\":\"654ccbc0-ba0d-486a-9076-dbf7274677a7\",\"eventType\":\"AwsConsoleSignIn\",\"recipientAccountId\":\"123456789012\"}",
         "EventName": "ConsoleLogin",
         "Resources": []
     }
  ]
}

以下代码示例显示了如何使用put-event-selectors。

AWS CLI

示例 1：使用高级事件选择器配置跟踪以记录管理事件和数据事件

您可以为高级事件选择器添加高级事件选择器和条件，对于轨迹上的所有条件和选择器，最多可为 500 个值。您可以使用高级事件选择器来记录所有可用的数据事件类型。您可以使用高级事件选择器或基本事件选择器，但不能同时使用两者。如果将高级事件选择器应用于跟踪，则所有现有的基本事件选择器都将被覆盖。

以下示例为名myTrail为的跟踪创建高级事件选择器，用于记录所有管理事件、记录 S3 PutObject 和除一个 S3 存储桶之外的所有存储桶的 DeleteObject API调用、记录名为的 Lambda 函数的数据API调用myFunction，以及记录名为的SNS主题的发布API调用。myTopic

aws cloudtrail put-event-selectors \
    --trail-name myTrail \
    --advanced-event-selectors '[{"Name": "Log all management events", "FieldSelectors": [{ "Field": "eventCategory", "Equals": ["Management"] }] },{"Name": "Log PutObject and DeleteObject events for all but one bucket","FieldSelectors": [{ "Field": "eventCategory", "Equals": ["Data"] },{ "Field": "resources.type", "Equals": ["AWS::S3::Object"] },{ "Field": "eventName", "Equals": ["PutObject","DeleteObject"] },{ "Field": "resources.ARN", "NotStartsWith": ["arn:aws:s3:::sample_bucket_name/"] }]},{"Name": "Log data events for a specific Lambda function","FieldSelectors": [{ "Field": "eventCategory", "Equals": ["Data"] },{ "Field": "resources.type", "Equals": ["AWS::Lambda::Function"] },{ "Field": "resources.ARN", "Equals": ["arn:aws:lambda:us-east-1:123456789012:function:myFunction"] }]},{"Name": "Log all Publish API calls on a specific SNS topic","FieldSelectors": [{ "Field": "eventCategory", "Equals": ["Data"] },{ "Field": "resources.type", "Equals": ["AWS::SNS::Topic"] },{ "Field": "eventName", "Equals": ["Publish"] },{ "Field": "resources.ARN", "Equals": ["arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:123456789012:myTopic.fifo"] }]}]'

输出：

{
    "TrailARN": "arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-1:123456789012:trail/myTrail",
    "AdvancedEventSelectors": [
        {
            "Name": "Log all management events",
            "FieldSelectors": [
                {
                    "Field": "eventCategory",
                    "Equals": [
                        "Management"
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "Name": "Log PutObject and DeleteObject events for all but one bucket",
            "FieldSelectors": [
                {
                    "Field": "eventCategory",
                    "Equals": [
                        "Data"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "Field": "resources.type",
                    "Equals": [
                        "AWS::S3::Object"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "Field": "eventName",
                    "Equals": [
                        "PutObject",
                        "DeleteObject"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "Field": "resources.ARN",
                    "NotStartsWith": [
                        "arn:aws:s3:::sample_bucket_name/"
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "Name": "Log data events for a specific Lambda function",
            "FieldSelectors": [
                {
                    "Field": "eventCategory",
                    "Equals": [
                        "Data"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "Field": "resources.type",
                    "Equals": [
                        "AWS::Lambda::Function"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "Field": "resources.ARN",
                    "Equals": [
                        "arn:aws:lambda:us-east-1:123456789012:function:myFunction"
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "Name": "Log all Publish API calls on a specific SNS topic",
            "FieldSelectors": [
                {
                    "Field": "eventCategory",
                    "Equals": [
                        "Data"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "Field": "resources.type",
                    "Equals": [
                        "AWS::SNS::Topic"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "Field": "eventName",
                    "Equals": [
                        "Publish"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "Field": "resources.ARN",
                    "Equals": [
                        "arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:123456789012:myTopic.fifo"
                    ]
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

有关更多信息，请参阅《AWS CloudTrail 用户指南》中的使用高级事件选择器记录事件。

示例 2：为跟踪配置事件选择器以记录所有管理事件和数据事件

您可以为一个跟踪配置最多 5 个事件选择器和最多 250 个数据资源。事件选择器也称为基本事件选择器。您可以使用事件选择器记录 S3 对象、Lambda 函数和 DynnamoDB 表的管理事件和数据事件。要记录其他资源类型的数据事件，必须使用高级事件选择器。

以下示例为名为的跟踪创建事件选择器，TrailName以包括所有管理事件、两个 Amazon S3 存储桶/前缀组合的数据事件以及名为的单个 Lambda 函数 AWS 的数据事件。hello-world-python-function

aws cloudtrail put-event-selectors \
    --trail-name TrailName \
    --event-selectors '[{"ReadWriteType": "All","IncludeManagementEvents": true,"DataResources": [{"Type":"AWS::S3::Object", "Values": ["arn:aws:s3:::mybucket/prefix","arn:aws:s3:::mybucket2/prefix2"]},{"Type": "AWS::Lambda::Function","Values": ["arn:aws:lambda:us-west-2:999999999999:function:hello-world-python-function"]}]}]'

输出：

{
    "EventSelectors": [
        {
            "IncludeManagementEvents": true,
            "DataResources": [
                {
                    "Values": [
                        "arn:aws:s3:::mybucket/prefix",
                        "arn:aws:s3:::mybucket2/prefix2"
                    ],
                    "Type": "AWS::S3::Object"
                },
                {
                    "Values": [
                        "arn:aws:lambda:us-west-2:123456789012:function:hello-world-python-function"
                    ],
                    "Type": "AWS::Lambda::Function"
                },
            ],
            "ReadWriteType": "All"
        }
    ],
    "TrailARN": "arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-2:123456789012:trail/TrailName"
}

有关更多信息，请参阅《AWS CloudTrail 用户指南》中的使用基本事件选择器记录事件。

示例 3：为跟踪配置事件选择器以记录管理事件、S3 对象上的所有 S3 数据事件以及账户中函数上的所有 Lambda 数据事件

以下示例为名为的跟踪创建事件选择器TrailName2，其中包括账户中所有 Amazon S3 存储桶和 Lamb AWS da 函数的所有管理事件以及所有数据事件。 AWS 

aws cloudtrail put-event-selectors \
    --trail-name TrailName2 \
    --event-selectors '[{"ReadWriteType": "All","IncludeManagementEvents": true,"DataResources": [{"Type":"AWS::S3::Object", "Values": ["arn:aws:s3"]},{"Type": "AWS::Lambda::Function","Values": ["arn:aws:lambda"]}]}]'

输出：

{
    "EventSelectors": [
        {
            "IncludeManagementEvents": true,
            "DataResources": [
                {
                    "Values": [
                        "arn:aws:s3"
                    ],
                    "Type": "AWS::S3::Object"
                },
                {
                    "Values": [
                        "arn:aws:lambda"
                    ],
                    "Type": "AWS::Lambda::Function"
                },
            ],
            "ReadWriteType": "All"
        }
    ],
    "TrailARN": "arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-2:123456789012:trail/TrailName2"
}

有关更多信息，请参阅《AWS CloudTrail 用户指南》中的使用基本事件选择器记录事件。

以下代码示例显示了如何使用remove-tags。

AWS CLI

移除跟踪的标签

以下remove-tags命令删除的指定标签Trail1：

aws cloudtrail remove-tags --resource-id arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-1:123456789012:trail/Trail1 --tags-list Key=name Key=location

以下代码示例显示了如何使用start-logging。

AWS CLI

开始记录跟踪

以下start-logging命令可开启对以下各项的日志记录Trail1：

aws cloudtrail start-logging --name Trail1

以下代码示例显示了如何使用stop-logging。

AWS CLI

停止记录跟踪

以下stop-logging命令关闭对的日志记录Trail1：

aws cloudtrail stop-logging --name Trail1

以下代码示例显示了如何使用update-subscription。

AWS CLI

更新跟踪的配置设置

以下update-subscription命令更新跟踪以指定新的 S3 存储桶和SNS主题：

aws cloudtrail update-subscription --name Trail1 --s3-new-bucket my-bucket-new --sns-new-topic my-topic-new

输出：

Setting up new S3 bucket my-bucket-new...
Setting up new SNS topic my-topic-new...
Creating/updating CloudTrail configuration...
CloudTrail configuration:
{
"trailList": [
  {
    "IncludeGlobalServiceEvents": true,
    "Name": "Trail1",
    "TrailARN": "arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-1:123456789012:trail/Trail1",
    "LogFileValidationEnabled": false,
    "IsMultiRegionTrail": false,
    "S3BucketName": "my-bucket-new",
    "SnsTopicName": "my-topic-new",
    "HomeRegion": "us-east-1"
  }
],
"ResponseMetadata": {
"HTTPStatusCode": 200,
"RequestId": "31126f8a-c616-11e5-9cc6-2fd637936879"
}
}

以下代码示例显示了如何使用update-trail。

AWS CLI

更新跟踪

以下update-trail命令更新跟踪以使用现有存储桶进行日志传输：

aws cloudtrail update-trail --name Trail1 --s3-bucket-name my-bucket

输出：

{
  "IncludeGlobalServiceEvents": true,
  "Name": "Trail1",
  "TrailARN": "arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-west-2:123456789012:trail/Trail1",
  "LogFileValidationEnabled": false,
  "IsMultiRegionTrail": true,
  "S3BucketName": "my-bucket"
}

以下代码示例显示了如何使用validate-logs。

AWS CLI

验证日志文件

以下validate-logs命令验证日志：Trail1

aws cloudtrail validate-logs --trail-arn arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-1:123456789012:trail/Trail1 --start-time 20160129T19:00:00Z

输出：

Validating log files for trail arn:aws:cloudtrail:us-east-1:123456789012:trail/Trail1 between 2016-01-29T19:00:00Z and 2016-01-29T22:15:43Z
Results requested for 2016-01-29T19:00:00Z to 2016-01-29T22:15:43Z
Results found for 2016-01-29T19:24:57Z to 2016-01-29T21:24:57Z:
3/3 digest files valid
15/15 log files valid