使用的 Lightsail 示例 AWS CLI 使用 Bash 脚本

#!/bin/bash

# Amazon Lightsail Getting Started CLI Script
# This script demonstrates how to create and manage Lightsail resources using the AWS CLI

set -euo pipefail

# Set AWS region
export AWS_REGION="${AWS_REGION:-us-west-2}"
echo "Using AWS region: $AWS_REGION"

# Set up logging
LOG_FILE="lightsail-script.log"
exec > >(tee -a "$LOG_FILE") 2>&1

echo "Starting Lightsail Getting Started script at $(date)"

# Error handling function
handle_error() {
  echo "ERROR: $1" >&2
  echo "Attempting to clean up resources..."
  cleanup_resources || true
  exit 1
}

# Function to check if a command succeeded
check_status() {
  if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    handle_error "$1"
  fi
}

# Generate a random identifier for resource names
RANDOM_ID=$(openssl rand -hex 4)
INSTANCE_NAME="LightsailInstance-${RANDOM_ID}"
DISK_NAME="LightsailDisk-${RANDOM_ID}"
SNAPSHOT_NAME="LightsailSnapshot-${RANDOM_ID}"

# Array to track created resources
declare -a CREATED_RESOURCES

# Function to add a resource to the tracking array
track_resource() {
  CREATED_RESOURCES+=("$1:$2")
  echo "Created $1: $2"
}

# Function to clean up resources
cleanup_resources() {
  echo "Resources created by this script:"
  for resource in "${CREATED_RESOURCES[@]+"${CREATED_RESOURCES[@]}"}"; do
    echo "  $resource"
  done
  
  # Reverse the array to delete resources in reverse order
  for (( idx=${#CREATED_RESOURCES[@]}-1 ; idx>=0 ; idx-- )); do
    IFS=':' read -r type name <<< "${CREATED_RESOURCES[idx]}"
    
    case "$type" in
      "instance_snapshot")
        echo "Deleting instance snapshot: $name"
        aws lightsail delete-instance-snapshot --instance-snapshot-name "$name" --region "$AWS_REGION" 2>/dev/null || true
        ;;
      "disk_snapshot")
        echo "Deleting disk snapshot: $name"
        aws lightsail delete-disk-snapshot --disk-snapshot-name "$name" --region "$AWS_REGION" 2>/dev/null || true
        ;;
      "disk")
        echo "Detaching disk: $name"
        aws lightsail detach-disk --disk-name "$name" --region "$AWS_REGION" 2>/dev/null || true
        sleep 10
        echo "Deleting disk: $name"
        aws lightsail delete-disk --disk-name "$name" --region "$AWS_REGION" 2>/dev/null || true
        ;;
      "instance")
        echo "Deleting instance: $name"
        INSTANCE_STATE=$(aws lightsail get-instance-state --instance-name "$name" --region "$AWS_REGION" --query 'state.name' --output text 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown")
        if [ "$INSTANCE_STATE" == "pending" ]; then
          echo "Instance is in pending state. Waiting for it to be ready before deleting..."
          MAX_WAIT=30
          WAITED=0
          while [ "$INSTANCE_STATE" == "pending" ] && [ $WAITED -lt $MAX_WAIT ]; do
            sleep 10
            WAITED=$((WAITED+1))
            INSTANCE_STATE=$(aws lightsail get-instance-state --instance-name "$name" --region "$AWS_REGION" --query 'state.name' --output text 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown")
            echo "Instance state: $INSTANCE_STATE"
          done
        fi
        aws lightsail delete-instance --instance-name "$name" --region "$AWS_REGION" 2>/dev/null || true
        ;;
    esac
  done
  
  echo "Cleanup completed"
}

# Step 1: Verify AWS CLI configuration
echo "Step 1: Verifying AWS CLI configuration"
aws configure list
check_status "Failed to verify AWS CLI configuration"

# Step 2: Get available blueprints and bundles
echo "Step 2: Getting available blueprints and bundles"
echo "Available blueprints (showing first 5):"
aws lightsail get-blueprints --region "$AWS_REGION" --query 'blueprints[0:5].[blueprintId,name]' --output table
check_status "Failed to get blueprints"

echo "Available bundles (showing first 5):"
aws lightsail get-bundles --region "$AWS_REGION" --query 'bundles[0:5].[bundleId,name,price]' --output table
check_status "Failed to get bundles"

# Get available regions and availability zones
echo "Getting available regions and availability zones"
# Use a specific availability zone in us-west-2 region
AVAILABILITY_ZONE="us-west-2a"
echo "Using availability zone: $AVAILABILITY_ZONE"

# Step 3: Create a Lightsail instance
echo "Step 3: Creating Lightsail instance: $INSTANCE_NAME"
aws lightsail create-instances \
  --instance-names "$INSTANCE_NAME" \
  --availability-zone "$AVAILABILITY_ZONE" \
  --blueprint-id amazon_linux_2023 \
  --bundle-id nano_3_0 \
  --region "$AWS_REGION" \
  --tags key=project,value=doc-smith key=tutorial,value=lightsail-gs
check_status "Failed to create Lightsail instance"
track_resource "instance" "$INSTANCE_NAME"

# Wait for the instance to be in a running state
echo "Waiting for instance to be in running state..."
MAX_ATTEMPTS=30
ATTEMPTS=0
while [ $ATTEMPTS -lt $MAX_ATTEMPTS ]; do
  STATUS=$(aws lightsail get-instance-state --instance-name "$INSTANCE_NAME" --region "$AWS_REGION" --query 'state.name' --output text 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown")
  if [ "$STATUS" == "running" ]; then
    echo "Instance is now running"
    break
  fi
  echo "Instance status: $STATUS. Waiting..."
  ATTEMPTS=$((ATTEMPTS+1))
  sleep 10
done

if [ $ATTEMPTS -eq $MAX_ATTEMPTS ]; then
  handle_error "Instance failed to reach running state after 5 minutes"
fi

# Get instance details
echo "Getting instance details"
INSTANCE_IP=$(aws lightsail get-instance --instance-name "$INSTANCE_NAME" --region "$AWS_REGION" --query 'instance.publicIpAddress' --output text)
check_status "Failed to get instance IP address"
echo "Instance IP address: $INSTANCE_IP"

# Validate IP address format
if ! [[ "$INSTANCE_IP" =~ ^[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}$ ]]; then
  handle_error "Invalid IP address format: $INSTANCE_IP"
fi

# Step 4: Download the default key pair
echo "Step 4: Downloading default key pair"
KEY_FILE="lightsail_key_${RANDOM_ID}.pem"
umask 077
aws lightsail download-default-key-pair --region "$AWS_REGION" --output text > "$KEY_FILE"
check_status "Failed to download key pair"

if [ ! -f "$KEY_FILE" ] || [ ! -s "$KEY_FILE" ]; then
  handle_error "Key pair file was not created or is empty"
fi

chmod 400 "$KEY_FILE"
check_status "Failed to set permissions on key pair"
echo "Key pair downloaded to $KEY_FILE"

echo "To connect to your instance, use:"
echo "ssh -i $KEY_FILE ec2-user@$INSTANCE_IP"

# Step 5: Create a block storage disk
echo "Step 5: Creating block storage disk: $DISK_NAME"
aws lightsail create-disk \
  --disk-name "$DISK_NAME" \
  --availability-zone "$AVAILABILITY_ZONE" \
  --size-in-gb 8 \
  --region "$AWS_REGION" \
  --tags key=project,value=doc-smith key=tutorial,value=lightsail-gs
check_status "Failed to create disk"
track_resource "disk" "$DISK_NAME"

# Wait for the disk to be available using polling
echo "Waiting for disk to be available..."
MAX_ATTEMPTS=30
ATTEMPTS=0
while [ $ATTEMPTS -lt $MAX_ATTEMPTS ]; do
  DISK_STATE=$(aws lightsail get-disk --disk-name "$DISK_NAME" --region "$AWS_REGION" --query 'disk.state' --output text 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown")
  if [ "$DISK_STATE" == "available" ]; then
    echo "Disk is now available"
    break
  fi
  echo "Disk status: $DISK_STATE. Waiting..."
  ATTEMPTS=$((ATTEMPTS+1))
  sleep 10
done

if [ $ATTEMPTS -eq $MAX_ATTEMPTS ]; then
  handle_error "Disk failed to become available after 5 minutes"
fi

# Attach the disk to the instance
echo "Attaching disk to instance"
aws lightsail attach-disk \
  --disk-name "$DISK_NAME" \
  --instance-name "$INSTANCE_NAME" \
  --disk-path /dev/xvdf \
  --region "$AWS_REGION"
check_status "Failed to attach disk to instance"

echo "Disk attached. To format and mount the disk, connect to your instance and run:"
echo "sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/xvdf"
echo "sudo mkdir -p /mnt/my-data"
echo "sudo mount /dev/xvdf /mnt/my-data"
echo "sudo chown ec2-user:ec2-user /mnt/my-data"

# Step 6: Create a snapshot of the instance
echo "Step 6: Creating snapshot of the instance: $SNAPSHOT_NAME"
aws lightsail create-instance-snapshot \
  --instance-name "$INSTANCE_NAME" \
  --instance-snapshot-name "$SNAPSHOT_NAME" \
  --region "$AWS_REGION" \
  --tags key=project,value=doc-smith key=tutorial,value=lightsail-gs
check_status "Failed to create instance snapshot"
track_resource "instance_snapshot" "$SNAPSHOT_NAME"

# Wait for the snapshot to complete using polling
echo "Waiting for snapshot to complete... (this may take several minutes)"
MAX_ATTEMPTS=60
ATTEMPTS=0
while [ $ATTEMPTS -lt $MAX_ATTEMPTS ]; do
  SNAPSHOT_STATE=$(aws lightsail get-instance-snapshot --instance-snapshot-name "$SNAPSHOT_NAME" --region "$AWS_REGION" --query 'instanceSnapshot.state' --output text 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown")
  if [ "$SNAPSHOT_STATE" == "available" ]; then
    echo "Snapshot creation completed"
    break
  fi
  echo "Snapshot status: $SNAPSHOT_STATE. Waiting... ($ATTEMPTS/$MAX_ATTEMPTS)"
  ATTEMPTS=$((ATTEMPTS+1))
  sleep 10
done

if [ $ATTEMPTS -eq $MAX_ATTEMPTS ]; then
  echo "Warning: Snapshot creation is taking longer than expected but will continue in the background."
  echo "You can check its status later with: aws lightsail get-instance-snapshot --instance-snapshot-name $SNAPSHOT_NAME --region $AWS_REGION"
fi

# Step 7: Clean up resources
echo "Step 7: Clean up resources"
echo "The script has created the following resources:"
for resource in "${CREATED_RESOURCES[@]+"${CREATED_RESOURCES[@]}"}"; do
  echo "  $resource"
done

echo "Cleaning up these resources automatically..."
cleanup_resources

echo "Script completed at $(date)"