文档 AWS SDK 示例 GitHub 存储库中还有更多 [S AWS DK 示例](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples)。

本文属于机器翻译版本。若本译文内容与英语原文存在差异，则一律以英文原文为准。

# CloudWatch 使用适用于 Python 的 SDK (Boto3) 的示例
<a name="python_3_cloudwatch_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用with来执行操作和实现常见场景 CloudWatch。 适用于 Python (Boto3) 的 AWS SDK 

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

*场景*是向您演示如何通过在一个服务中调用多个函数或与其他 AWS 服务结合来完成特定任务的代码示例。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [操作](#actions)
+ [场景](#scenarios)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `DeleteAlarms`
<a name="cloudwatch_DeleteAlarms_python_3_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteAlarms`。

**适用于 Python 的 SDK（Boto3）**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/python/example_code/cloudwatch#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class CloudWatchWrapper:
    """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions."""

    def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource):
        """
        :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource.
        """
        self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource


    def delete_metric_alarms(self, metric_namespace, metric_name):
        """
        Deletes all of the alarms that are currently watching the specified metric.

        :param metric_namespace: The namespace of the metric.
        :param metric_name: The name of the metric.
        """
        try:
            metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(metric_namespace, metric_name)
            metric.alarms.delete()
            logger.info(
                "Deleted alarms for metric %s.%s.", metric_namespace, metric_name
            )
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception(
                "Couldn't delete alarms for metric %s.%s.",
                metric_namespace,
                metric_name,
            )
            raise
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅适用[DeleteAlarms](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/DeleteAlarms)于 *Python 的AWS SDK (Boto3) API 参考*。

### `DescribeAlarmsForMetric`
<a name="cloudwatch_DescribeAlarmsForMetric_python_3_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DescribeAlarmsForMetric`。

**适用于 Python 的 SDK（Boto3）**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/python/example_code/cloudwatch#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class CloudWatchWrapper:
    """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions."""

    def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource):
        """
        :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource.
        """
        self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource


    def get_metric_alarms(self, metric_namespace, metric_name):
        """
        Gets the alarms that are currently watching the specified metric.

        :param metric_namespace: The namespace of the metric.
        :param metric_name: The name of the metric.
        :returns: An iterator that yields the alarms.
        """
        metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(metric_namespace, metric_name)
        alarm_iter = metric.alarms.all()
        logger.info("Got alarms for metric %s.%s.", metric_namespace, metric_name)
        return alarm_iter
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅适用[DescribeAlarmsForMetric](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/DescribeAlarmsForMetric)于 *Python 的AWS SDK (Boto3) API 参考*。

### `DisableAlarmActions`
<a name="cloudwatch_DisableAlarmActions_python_3_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DisableAlarmActions`。

**适用于 Python 的 SDK（Boto3）**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/python/example_code/cloudwatch#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class CloudWatchWrapper:
    """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions."""

    def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource):
        """
        :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource.
        """
        self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource


    def enable_alarm_actions(self, alarm_name, enable):
        """
        Enables or disables actions on the specified alarm. Alarm actions can be
        used to send notifications or automate responses when an alarm enters a
        particular state.

        :param alarm_name: The name of the alarm.
        :param enable: When True, actions are enabled for the alarm. Otherwise, they
                       disabled.
        """
        try:
            alarm = self.cloudwatch_resource.Alarm(alarm_name)
            if enable:
                alarm.enable_actions()
            else:
                alarm.disable_actions()
            logger.info(
                "%s actions for alarm %s.",
                "Enabled" if enable else "Disabled",
                alarm_name,
            )
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception(
                "Couldn't %s actions alarm %s.",
                "enable" if enable else "disable",
                alarm_name,
            )
            raise
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅适用[DisableAlarmActions](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/DisableAlarmActions)于 *Python 的AWS SDK (Boto3) API 参考*。

### `EnableAlarmActions`
<a name="cloudwatch_EnableAlarmActions_python_3_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `EnableAlarmActions`。

**适用于 Python 的 SDK（Boto3）**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/python/example_code/cloudwatch#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class CloudWatchWrapper:
    """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions."""

    def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource):
        """
        :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource.
        """
        self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource


    def enable_alarm_actions(self, alarm_name, enable):
        """
        Enables or disables actions on the specified alarm. Alarm actions can be
        used to send notifications or automate responses when an alarm enters a
        particular state.

        :param alarm_name: The name of the alarm.
        :param enable: When True, actions are enabled for the alarm. Otherwise, they
                       disabled.
        """
        try:
            alarm = self.cloudwatch_resource.Alarm(alarm_name)
            if enable:
                alarm.enable_actions()
            else:
                alarm.disable_actions()
            logger.info(
                "%s actions for alarm %s.",
                "Enabled" if enable else "Disabled",
                alarm_name,
            )
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception(
                "Couldn't %s actions alarm %s.",
                "enable" if enable else "disable",
                alarm_name,
            )
            raise
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅适用[EnableAlarmActions](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/EnableAlarmActions)于 *Python 的AWS SDK (Boto3) API 参考*。

### `GetMetricStatistics`
<a name="cloudwatch_GetMetricStatistics_python_3_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetMetricStatistics`。

**适用于 Python 的 SDK（Boto3）**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/python/example_code/cloudwatch#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class CloudWatchWrapper:
    """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions."""

    def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource):
        """
        :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource.
        """
        self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource


    def get_metric_statistics(self, namespace, name, start, end, period, stat_types):
        """
        Gets statistics for a metric within a specified time span. Metrics are grouped
        into the specified period.

        :param namespace: The namespace of the metric.
        :param name: The name of the metric.
        :param start: The UTC start time of the time span to retrieve.
        :param end: The UTC end time of the time span to retrieve.
        :param period: The period, in seconds, in which to group metrics. The period
                       must match the granularity of the metric, which depends on
                       the metric's age. For example, metrics that are older than
                       three hours have a one-minute granularity, so the period must
                       be at least 60 and must be a multiple of 60.
        :param stat_types: The type of statistics to retrieve, such as average value
                           or maximum value.
        :return: The retrieved statistics for the metric.
        """
        try:
            metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(namespace, name)
            stats = metric.get_statistics(
                StartTime=start, EndTime=end, Period=period, Statistics=stat_types
            )
            logger.info(
                "Got %s statistics for %s.", len(stats["Datapoints"]), stats["Label"]
            )
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception("Couldn't get statistics for %s.%s.", namespace, name)
            raise
        else:
            return stats
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅适用[GetMetricStatistics](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/GetMetricStatistics)于 *Python 的AWS SDK (Boto3) API 参考*。

### `ListMetrics`
<a name="cloudwatch_ListMetrics_python_3_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListMetrics`。

**适用于 Python 的 SDK（Boto3）**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/python/example_code/cloudwatch#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class CloudWatchWrapper:
    """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions."""

    def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource):
        """
        :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource.
        """
        self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource


    def list_metrics(self, namespace, name, recent=False):
        """
        Gets the metrics within a namespace that have the specified name.
        If the metric has no dimensions, a single metric is returned.
        Otherwise, metrics for all dimensions are returned.

        :param namespace: The namespace of the metric.
        :param name: The name of the metric.
        :param recent: When True, only metrics that have been active in the last
                       three hours are returned.
        :return: An iterator that yields the retrieved metrics.
        """
        try:
            kwargs = {"Namespace": namespace, "MetricName": name}
            if recent:
                kwargs["RecentlyActive"] = "PT3H"  # List past 3 hours only
            metric_iter = self.cloudwatch_resource.metrics.filter(**kwargs)
            logger.info("Got metrics for %s.%s.", namespace, name)
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception("Couldn't get metrics for %s.%s.", namespace, name)
            raise
        else:
            return metric_iter
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅适用[ListMetrics](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/ListMetrics)于 *Python 的AWS SDK (Boto3) API 参考*。

### `PutMetricAlarm`
<a name="cloudwatch_PutMetricAlarm_python_3_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `PutMetricAlarm`。

**适用于 Python 的 SDK（Boto3）**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/python/example_code/cloudwatch#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class CloudWatchWrapper:
    """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions."""

    def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource):
        """
        :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource.
        """
        self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource


    def create_metric_alarm(
        self,
        metric_namespace,
        metric_name,
        alarm_name,
        stat_type,
        period,
        eval_periods,
        threshold,
        comparison_op,
    ):
        """
        Creates an alarm that watches a metric.

        :param metric_namespace: The namespace of the metric.
        :param metric_name: The name of the metric.
        :param alarm_name: The name of the alarm.
        :param stat_type: The type of statistic the alarm watches.
        :param period: The period in which metric data are grouped to calculate
                       statistics.
        :param eval_periods: The number of periods that the metric must be over the
                             alarm threshold before the alarm is set into an alarmed
                             state.
        :param threshold: The threshold value to compare against the metric statistic.
        :param comparison_op: The comparison operation used to compare the threshold
                              against the metric.
        :return: The newly created alarm.
        """
        try:
            metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(metric_namespace, metric_name)
            alarm = metric.put_alarm(
                AlarmName=alarm_name,
                Statistic=stat_type,
                Period=period,
                EvaluationPeriods=eval_periods,
                Threshold=threshold,
                ComparisonOperator=comparison_op,
            )
            logger.info(
                "Added alarm %s to track metric %s.%s.",
                alarm_name,
                metric_namespace,
                metric_name,
            )
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception(
                "Couldn't add alarm %s to metric %s.%s",
                alarm_name,
                metric_namespace,
                metric_name,
            )
            raise
        else:
            return alarm
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅适用[PutMetricAlarm](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/PutMetricAlarm)于 *Python 的AWS SDK (Boto3) API 参考*。

### `PutMetricData`
<a name="cloudwatch_PutMetricData_python_3_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `PutMetricData`。

**适用于 Python 的 SDK（Boto3）**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/python/example_code/cloudwatch#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class CloudWatchWrapper:
    """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions."""

    def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource):
        """
        :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource.
        """
        self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource


    def put_metric_data(self, namespace, name, value, unit):
        """
        Sends a single data value to CloudWatch for a metric. This metric is given
        a timestamp of the current UTC time.

        :param namespace: The namespace of the metric.
        :param name: The name of the metric.
        :param value: The value of the metric.
        :param unit: The unit of the metric.
        """
        try:
            metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(namespace, name)
            metric.put_data(
                Namespace=namespace,
                MetricData=[{"MetricName": name, "Value": value, "Unit": unit}],
            )
            logger.info("Put data for metric %s.%s", namespace, name)
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception("Couldn't put data for metric %s.%s", namespace, name)
            raise
```
将一组数据放入 CloudWatch 指标中。  

```
class CloudWatchWrapper:
    """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions."""

    def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource):
        """
        :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource.
        """
        self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource


    def put_metric_data_set(self, namespace, name, timestamp, unit, data_set):
        """
        Sends a set of data to CloudWatch for a metric. All of the data in the set
        have the same timestamp and unit.

        :param namespace: The namespace of the metric.
        :param name: The name of the metric.
        :param timestamp: The UTC timestamp for the metric.
        :param unit: The unit of the metric.
        :param data_set: The set of data to send. This set is a dictionary that
                         contains a list of values and a list of corresponding counts.
                         The value and count lists must be the same length.
        """
        try:
            metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(namespace, name)
            metric.put_data(
                Namespace=namespace,
                MetricData=[
                    {
                        "MetricName": name,
                        "Timestamp": timestamp,
                        "Values": data_set["values"],
                        "Counts": data_set["counts"],
                        "Unit": unit,
                    }
                ],
            )
            logger.info("Put data set for metric %s.%s.", namespace, name)
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception("Couldn't put data set for metric %s.%s.", namespace, name)
            raise
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅适用[PutMetricData](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/PutMetricData)于 *Python 的AWS SDK (Boto3) API 参考*。

## 场景
<a name="scenarios"></a>

### 管理指标和告警
<a name="cloudwatch_Usage_MetricsAlarms_python_3_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何：
+ 创建警报以监视 CloudWatch 指标。
+ 将数据放入指标并触发告警。
+ 从告警中获取数据。
+ 删除告警。

**适用于 Python 的 SDK（Boto3）**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/python/example_code/cloudwatch#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
创建一个封装 CloudWatch 操作的类。  

```
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import logging
from pprint import pprint
import random
import time
import boto3
from botocore.exceptions import ClientError

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class CloudWatchWrapper:
    """Encapsulates Amazon CloudWatch functions."""

    def __init__(self, cloudwatch_resource):
        """
        :param cloudwatch_resource: A Boto3 CloudWatch resource.
        """
        self.cloudwatch_resource = cloudwatch_resource


    def put_metric_data_set(self, namespace, name, timestamp, unit, data_set):
        """
        Sends a set of data to CloudWatch for a metric. All of the data in the set
        have the same timestamp and unit.

        :param namespace: The namespace of the metric.
        :param name: The name of the metric.
        :param timestamp: The UTC timestamp for the metric.
        :param unit: The unit of the metric.
        :param data_set: The set of data to send. This set is a dictionary that
                         contains a list of values and a list of corresponding counts.
                         The value and count lists must be the same length.
        """
        try:
            metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(namespace, name)
            metric.put_data(
                Namespace=namespace,
                MetricData=[
                    {
                        "MetricName": name,
                        "Timestamp": timestamp,
                        "Values": data_set["values"],
                        "Counts": data_set["counts"],
                        "Unit": unit,
                    }
                ],
            )
            logger.info("Put data set for metric %s.%s.", namespace, name)
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception("Couldn't put data set for metric %s.%s.", namespace, name)
            raise


    def create_metric_alarm(
        self,
        metric_namespace,
        metric_name,
        alarm_name,
        stat_type,
        period,
        eval_periods,
        threshold,
        comparison_op,
    ):
        """
        Creates an alarm that watches a metric.

        :param metric_namespace: The namespace of the metric.
        :param metric_name: The name of the metric.
        :param alarm_name: The name of the alarm.
        :param stat_type: The type of statistic the alarm watches.
        :param period: The period in which metric data are grouped to calculate
                       statistics.
        :param eval_periods: The number of periods that the metric must be over the
                             alarm threshold before the alarm is set into an alarmed
                             state.
        :param threshold: The threshold value to compare against the metric statistic.
        :param comparison_op: The comparison operation used to compare the threshold
                              against the metric.
        :return: The newly created alarm.
        """
        try:
            metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(metric_namespace, metric_name)
            alarm = metric.put_alarm(
                AlarmName=alarm_name,
                Statistic=stat_type,
                Period=period,
                EvaluationPeriods=eval_periods,
                Threshold=threshold,
                ComparisonOperator=comparison_op,
            )
            logger.info(
                "Added alarm %s to track metric %s.%s.",
                alarm_name,
                metric_namespace,
                metric_name,
            )
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception(
                "Couldn't add alarm %s to metric %s.%s",
                alarm_name,
                metric_namespace,
                metric_name,
            )
            raise
        else:
            return alarm


    def put_metric_data(self, namespace, name, value, unit):
        """
        Sends a single data value to CloudWatch for a metric. This metric is given
        a timestamp of the current UTC time.

        :param namespace: The namespace of the metric.
        :param name: The name of the metric.
        :param value: The value of the metric.
        :param unit: The unit of the metric.
        """
        try:
            metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(namespace, name)
            metric.put_data(
                Namespace=namespace,
                MetricData=[{"MetricName": name, "Value": value, "Unit": unit}],
            )
            logger.info("Put data for metric %s.%s", namespace, name)
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception("Couldn't put data for metric %s.%s", namespace, name)
            raise


    def get_metric_statistics(self, namespace, name, start, end, period, stat_types):
        """
        Gets statistics for a metric within a specified time span. Metrics are grouped
        into the specified period.

        :param namespace: The namespace of the metric.
        :param name: The name of the metric.
        :param start: The UTC start time of the time span to retrieve.
        :param end: The UTC end time of the time span to retrieve.
        :param period: The period, in seconds, in which to group metrics. The period
                       must match the granularity of the metric, which depends on
                       the metric's age. For example, metrics that are older than
                       three hours have a one-minute granularity, so the period must
                       be at least 60 and must be a multiple of 60.
        :param stat_types: The type of statistics to retrieve, such as average value
                           or maximum value.
        :return: The retrieved statistics for the metric.
        """
        try:
            metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(namespace, name)
            stats = metric.get_statistics(
                StartTime=start, EndTime=end, Period=period, Statistics=stat_types
            )
            logger.info(
                "Got %s statistics for %s.", len(stats["Datapoints"]), stats["Label"]
            )
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception("Couldn't get statistics for %s.%s.", namespace, name)
            raise
        else:
            return stats


    def get_metric_alarms(self, metric_namespace, metric_name):
        """
        Gets the alarms that are currently watching the specified metric.

        :param metric_namespace: The namespace of the metric.
        :param metric_name: The name of the metric.
        :returns: An iterator that yields the alarms.
        """
        metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(metric_namespace, metric_name)
        alarm_iter = metric.alarms.all()
        logger.info("Got alarms for metric %s.%s.", metric_namespace, metric_name)
        return alarm_iter


    def delete_metric_alarms(self, metric_namespace, metric_name):
        """
        Deletes all of the alarms that are currently watching the specified metric.

        :param metric_namespace: The namespace of the metric.
        :param metric_name: The name of the metric.
        """
        try:
            metric = self.cloudwatch_resource.Metric(metric_namespace, metric_name)
            metric.alarms.delete()
            logger.info(
                "Deleted alarms for metric %s.%s.", metric_namespace, metric_name
            )
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception(
                "Couldn't delete alarms for metric %s.%s.",
                metric_namespace,
                metric_name,
            )
            raise
```
使用包装类将数据放入指标中，触发监控指标的告警，然后从告警中获取数据。  

```
def usage_demo():
    print("-" * 88)
    print("Welcome to the Amazon CloudWatch metrics and alarms demo!")
    print("-" * 88)

    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(levelname)s: %(message)s")

    cw_wrapper = CloudWatchWrapper(boto3.resource("cloudwatch"))

    minutes = 20
    metric_namespace = "doc-example-metric"
    metric_name = "page_views"
    start = datetime.utcnow() - timedelta(minutes=minutes)
    print(
        f"Putting data into metric {metric_namespace}.{metric_name} spanning the "
        f"last {minutes} minutes."
    )
    for offset in range(0, minutes):
        stamp = start + timedelta(minutes=offset)
        cw_wrapper.put_metric_data_set(
            metric_namespace,
            metric_name,
            stamp,
            "Count",
            {
                "values": [
                    random.randint(bound, bound * 2)
                    for bound in range(offset + 1, offset + 11)
                ],
                "counts": [random.randint(1, offset + 1) for _ in range(10)],
            },
        )

    alarm_name = "high_page_views"
    period = 60
    eval_periods = 2
    print(f"Creating alarm {alarm_name} for metric {metric_name}.")
    alarm = cw_wrapper.create_metric_alarm(
        metric_namespace,
        metric_name,
        alarm_name,
        "Maximum",
        period,
        eval_periods,
        100,
        "GreaterThanThreshold",
    )
    print(f"Alarm ARN is {alarm.alarm_arn}.")
    print(f"Current alarm state is: {alarm.state_value}.")

    print(
        f"Sending data to trigger the alarm. This requires data over the threshold "
        f"for {eval_periods} periods of {period} seconds each."
    )
    while alarm.state_value == "INSUFFICIENT_DATA":
        print("Sending data for the metric.")
        cw_wrapper.put_metric_data(
            metric_namespace, metric_name, random.randint(100, 200), "Count"
        )
        alarm.load()
        print(f"Current alarm state is: {alarm.state_value}.")
        if alarm.state_value == "INSUFFICIENT_DATA":
            print(f"Waiting for {period} seconds...")
            time.sleep(period)
        else:
            print("Wait for a minute for eventual consistency of metric data.")
            time.sleep(period)
            if alarm.state_value == "OK":
                alarm.load()
                print(f"Current alarm state is: {alarm.state_value}.")

    print(
        f"Getting data for metric {metric_namespace}.{metric_name} during timespan "
        f"of {start} to {datetime.utcnow()} (times are UTC)."
    )
    stats = cw_wrapper.get_metric_statistics(
        metric_namespace,
        metric_name,
        start,
        datetime.utcnow(),
        60,
        ["Average", "Minimum", "Maximum"],
    )
    print(
        f"Got {len(stats['Datapoints'])} data points for metric "
        f"{metric_namespace}.{metric_name}."
    )
    pprint(sorted(stats["Datapoints"], key=lambda x: x["Timestamp"]))

    print(f"Getting alarms for metric {metric_name}.")
    alarms = cw_wrapper.get_metric_alarms(metric_namespace, metric_name)
    for alarm in alarms:
        print(f"Alarm {alarm.name} is currently in state {alarm.state_value}.")

    print(f"Deleting alarms for metric {metric_name}.")
    cw_wrapper.delete_metric_alarms(metric_namespace, metric_name)

    print("Thanks for watching!")
    print("-" * 88)
```
+ 有关 API 详细信息，请参阅《AWS SDK for Python (Boto3) API Reference》**中的以下主题。
  + [DeleteAlarms](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/DeleteAlarms)
  + [DescribeAlarmsForMetric](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/DescribeAlarmsForMetric)
  + [DisableAlarmActions](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/DisableAlarmActions)
  + [EnableAlarmActions](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/EnableAlarmActions)
  + [GetMetricStatistics](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/GetMetricStatistics)
  + [ListMetrics](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/ListMetrics)
  + [PutMetricAlarm](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/PutMetricAlarm)
  + [PutMetricData](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/boto3/monitoring-2010-08-01/PutMetricData)