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# \$1addToSet
<a name="addToSet-aggregation"></a>

`$addToSet`聚合运算符从每个组的指定表达式中返回一个由唯一值组成的数组。它在`$group`舞台中用于累积不同的值，从而自动消除重复值。

**参数**
+ `expression`：要为组中的每个文档计算的表达式。

## 示例（MongoDB 外壳）
<a name="addToSet-aggregation-examples"></a>

以下示例演示如何使用`$addToSet`运算符收集为每个客户下单的独特城市。

**创建示例文档**

```
db.orders.insertMany([
  { _id: 1, customer: "Alice", city: "Seattle", amount: 100 },
  { _id: 2, customer: "Alice", city: "Portland", amount: 150 },
  { _id: 3, customer: "Bob", city: "Seattle", amount: 200 },
  { _id: 4, customer: "Alice", city: "Seattle", amount: 75 },
  { _id: 5, customer: "Bob", city: "Boston", amount: 300 }
]);
```

**查询示例**

```
db.orders.aggregate([
  {
    $group: {
      _id: "$customer",
      cities: { $addToSet: "$city" }
    }
  }
]);
```

**输出**

```
[
  { _id: 'Bob', cities: [ 'Seattle', 'Boston' ] },
  { _id: 'Alice', cities: [ 'Seattle', 'Portland' ] }
]
```

## 代码示例
<a name="addToSet-aggregation-code"></a>

要查看使用`$addToSet`聚合运算符的代码示例，请选择要使用的语言的选项卡：

------
#### [ Node.js ]

```
const { MongoClient } = require('mongodb');

async function example() {
  const client = await MongoClient.connect('mongodb://<username>:<password>@<cluster-endpoint>:27017/?tls=true&tlsCAFile=global-bundle.pem&replicaSet=rs0&readPreference=secondaryPreferred&retryWrites=false');
  const db = client.db('test');
  const collection = db.collection('orders');

  const result = await collection.aggregate([
    {
      $group: {
        _id: "$customer",
        cities: { $addToSet: "$city" }
      }
    }
  ]).toArray();

  console.log(result);
  await client.close();
}

example();
```

------
#### [ Python ]

```
from pymongo import MongoClient

def example():
    client = MongoClient('mongodb://<username>:<password>@<cluster-endpoint>:27017/?tls=true&tlsCAFile=global-bundle.pem&replicaSet=rs0&readPreference=secondaryPreferred&retryWrites=false')
    db = client['test']
    collection = db['orders']

    result = list(collection.aggregate([
        {
            '$group': {
                '_id': '$customer',
                'cities': { '$addToSet': '$city' }
            }
        }
    ]))

    print(result)
    client.close()

example()
```

------