Node.js Lambda 函数日志记录和监控

exports.handler = async function(event, context) {
  console.log("ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES\n" + JSON.stringify(process.env, null, 2))
  console.info("EVENT\n" + JSON.stringify(event, null, 2))
  console.warn("Event not processed.")
  return context.logStreamName
}

START RequestId: c793869b-ee49-115b-a5b6-4fd21e8dedac Version: $LATEST
2019-06-07T19:11:20.562Z	c793869b-ee49-115b-a5b6-4fd21e8dedac	INFO	ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
{
  "AWS_LAMBDA_FUNCTION_VERSION": "$LATEST",
  "AWS_LAMBDA_LOG_GROUP_NAME": "/aws/lambda/my-function",
  "AWS_LAMBDA_LOG_STREAM_NAME": "2019/06/07/[$LATEST]e6f4a0c4241adcd70c262d34c0bbc85c",
  "AWS_EXECUTION_ENV": "AWS_Lambda_nodejs12.x",
  "AWS_LAMBDA_FUNCTION_NAME": "my-function",
  "PATH": "/var/lang/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin/:/bin:/opt/bin",
  "NODE_PATH": "/opt/nodejs/node10/node_modules:/opt/nodejs/node_modules:/var/runtime/node_modules",
  ...
}
2019-06-07T19:11:20.563Z	c793869b-ee49-115b-a5b6-4fd21e8dedac	INFO	EVENT
{
  "key": "value"
}
2019-06-07T19:11:20.564Z	c793869b-ee49-115b-a5b6-4fd21e8dedac	WARN	Event not processed.
END RequestId: c793869b-ee49-115b-a5b6-4fd21e8dedac
REPORT RequestId: c793869b-ee49-115b-a5b6-4fd21e8dedac	Duration: 128.83 ms	Billed Duration: 200 ms	Memory Size: 128 MB	Max Memory Used: 74 MB	Init Duration: 166.62 ms	XRAY TraceId: 1-5d9d007f-0a8c7fd02xmpl480aed55ef0	SegmentId: 3d752xmpl1bbe37e	Sampled: true

export const handler = async (event) => {
  console.error("This is a warning message");
  ...
}

{
    "timestamp":"2023-11-01T00:21:51.358Z",
    "level":"ERROR",
    "message":"This is a warning message",
    "requestId":"93f25699-2cbf-4976-8f94-336a0aa98c6f"
}

export const handler = async (event) => {
  console.log({data: 12.3, flag: false});
  ...
}

{
    "timestamp": "2023-12-08T23:21:04.664Z",
    "level": "INFO",
    "requestId": "405a4537-9226-4216-ac59-64381ec8654a",
    "message": {
        "data": 12.3,
        "flag": false
    }
}

export const handler = async (event) => {
  console.log('Some object - ', {data: 12.3, flag: false});
  ...
}

{
    "timestamp": "2023-12-08T23:21:04.664Z",
    "level": "INFO",
    "requestId": "405a4537-9226-4216-ac59-64381ec8654a",
    "message": "Some object -  { data: 12.3, flag: false }"
}

export const handler = async (event) => {
  let e1 = new ReferenceError("some reference error");
  let e2 = new SyntaxError("some syntax error");
  console.log(e1);
  console.log("errors logged - ", e1, e2);
};

{
    "timestamp": "2023-12-08T23:21:04.632Z",
    "level": "INFO",
    "requestId": "405a4537-9226-4216-ac59-64381ec8654a",
    "message": {
        "errorType": "ReferenceError",
        "errorMessage": "some reference error",
        "stackTrace": [
            "ReferenceError: some reference error",
            "    at Runtime.handler (file:///var/task/index.mjs:3:12)",
            "    at Runtime.handleOnceNonStreaming (file:///var/runtime/index.mjs:1173:29)"
        ]
    }
}

{
    "timestamp": "2023-12-08T23:21:04.646Z",
    "level": "INFO",
    "requestId": "405a4537-9226-4216-ac59-64381ec8654a",
    "message": "errors logged -  ReferenceError: some reference error\n    at Runtime.handler (file:///var/task/index.mjs:3:12)\n    at Runtime.handleOnceNonStreaming 
    (file:///var/runtime/index.mjs:1173:29) SyntaxError: some syntax error\n    at Runtime.handler (file:///var/task/index.mjs:4:12)\n    at Runtime.handleOnceNonStreaming 
    (file:///var/runtime/index.mjs:1173:29)",
    "errorType": "ReferenceError",
    "errorMessage": "some reference error",
    "stackTrace": [
        "ReferenceError: some reference error",
        "    at Runtime.handler (file:///var/task/index.mjs:3:12)",
        "    at Runtime.handleOnceNonStreaming (file:///var/runtime/index.mjs:1173:29)"
    ]
}

process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(
    {
        "_aws": {
            "Timestamp": Date.now(),
            "CloudWatchMetrics": [{
                "Namespace": "lambda-function-metrics",
                "Dimensions": [["functionVersion"]],
                "Metrics": [{
                    "Name": "time",
                    "Unit": "Milliseconds",
                    "StorageResolution": 60
                }]
            }]
        },
        "functionVersion": "$LATEST",
        "time": 100,
        "requestId": context.awsRequestId
    }
) + "\n")

以下示例说明如何从 LogResult 字段中检索名为 my-function 的函数的日志 ID。

aws lambda invoke --function-name my-function out --log-type Tail

您应看到以下输出：

{
    "StatusCode": 200,
    "LogResult": "U1RBUlQgUmVxdWVzdElkOiA4N2QwNDRiOC1mMTU0LTExZTgtOGNkYS0yOTc0YzVlNGZiMjEgVmVyc2lvb...",
    "ExecutedVersion": "$LATEST"
}

在同一命令提示符下，使用 base64 实用程序解码日志。以下示例说明如何为 my-function 检索 base64 编码的日志。

aws lambda invoke --function-name my-function out --log-type Tail \
--query 'LogResult' --output text --cli-binary-format raw-in-base64-out | base64 --decode

如果使用 cli-binary-format 版本 2，则 AWS CLI 选项是必需的。要将其设为默认设置，请运行 aws configure set cli-binary-format raw-in-base64-out。有关更多信息，请参阅版本 2 的 AWS Command Line Interface 用户指南中的 AWS CLI 支持的全局命令行选项。

您应看到以下输出：

START RequestId: 57f231fb-1730-4395-85cb-4f71bd2b87b8 Version: $LATEST
"AWS_SESSION_TOKEN": "AgoJb3JpZ2luX2VjELj...", "_X_AMZN_TRACE_ID": "Root=1-5d02e5ca-f5792818b6fe8368e5b51d50;Parent=191db58857df8395;Sampled=0"",ask/lib:/opt/lib",
END RequestId: 57f231fb-1730-4395-85cb-4f71bd2b87b8
REPORT RequestId: 57f231fb-1730-4395-85cb-4f71bd2b87b8  Duration: 79.67 ms      Billed Duration: 80 ms         Memory Size: 128 MB     Max Memory Used: 73 MB

base64 实用程序在 Linux、macOS 和 Ubuntu on Windows 上可用。macOS 用户可能需要使用 base64 -D。

在同一命令提示符下，使用以下脚本下载最后五个日志事件。此脚本使用 sed 从输出文件中删除引号，并休眠 15 秒以等待日志可用。输出包括来自 Lambda 的响应，以及来自 get-log-events 命令的输出。

复制以下代码示例的内容并将其作为 get-logs.sh 保存在 Lambda 项目目录中。

如果使用 cli-binary-format 版本 2，则 AWS CLI 选项是必需的。要将其设为默认设置，请运行 aws configure set cli-binary-format raw-in-base64-out。有关更多信息，请参阅版本 2 的 AWS Command Line Interface 用户指南中的 AWS CLI 支持的全局命令行选项。

#!/bin/bash
aws lambda invoke --function-name my-function --cli-binary-format raw-in-base64-out --payload '{"key": "value"}' out
sed -i'' -e 's/"//g' out
sleep 15
aws logs get-log-events --log-group-name /aws/lambda/my-function --log-stream-name stream1 --limit 5

在同一命令提示符下，macOS 和 Linux 用户可能需要运行以下命令以确保脚本可执行。

chmod -R 755 get-logs.sh

在同一命令提示符下，运行以下脚本以获取最后五个日志事件。

./get-logs.sh

您应看到以下输出：

{
    "StatusCode": 200,
    "ExecutedVersion": "$LATEST"
}
{
    "events": [
        {
            "timestamp": 1559763003171,
            "message": "START RequestId: 4ce9340a-b765-490f-ad8a-02ab3415e2bf Version: $LATEST\n",
            "ingestionTime": 1559763003309
        },
        {
            "timestamp": 1559763003173,
            "message": "2019-06-05T19:30:03.173Z\t4ce9340a-b765-490f-ad8a-02ab3415e2bf\tINFO\tENVIRONMENT VARIABLES\r{\r  \"AWS_LAMBDA_FUNCTION_VERSION\": \"$LATEST\",\r ...",
            "ingestionTime": 1559763018353
        },
        {
            "timestamp": 1559763003173,
            "message": "2019-06-05T19:30:03.173Z\t4ce9340a-b765-490f-ad8a-02ab3415e2bf\tINFO\tEVENT\r{\r  \"key\": \"value\"\r}\n",
            "ingestionTime": 1559763018353
        },
        {
            "timestamp": 1559763003218,
            "message": "END RequestId: 4ce9340a-b765-490f-ad8a-02ab3415e2bf\n",
            "ingestionTime": 1559763018353
        },
        {
            "timestamp": 1559763003218,
            "message": "REPORT RequestId: 4ce9340a-b765-490f-ad8a-02ab3415e2bf\tDuration: 26.73 ms\tBilled Duration: 27 ms \tMemory Size: 128 MB\tMax Memory Used: 75 MB\t\n",
            "ingestionTime": 1559763018353
        }
    ],
    "nextForwardToken": "f/34783877304859518393868359594929986069206639495374241795",
    "nextBackwardToken": "b/34783877303811383369537420289090800615709599058929582080"
}