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# 适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 代码示例
<a name="ruby_code_examples"></a>

本主题中的代码示例向您展示了如何使用 wit 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK h AWS。

*基本功能*是向您展示如何在服务中执行基本操作的代码示例。

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

*场景*是向您展示如何通过在一个服务中调用多个函数或与其他 AWS 服务服务结合来完成特定任务的代码示例。

某些服务包含其他示例类别，这些类别说明如何利用特定于服务的库或函数。

**Topics**
+ [Aurora](ruby_aurora_code_examples.md)
+ [Auto Scaling](ruby_auto-scaling_code_examples.md)
+ [CloudTrail](ruby_cloudtrail_code_examples.md)
+ [CloudWatch](ruby_cloudwatch_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon Cognito 身份提供者](ruby_cognito-identity-provider_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon Comprehend](ruby_comprehend_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon DocumentDB](ruby_docdb_code_examples.md)
+ [DynamoDB](ruby_dynamodb_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon EC2](ruby_ec2_code_examples.md)
+ [Elastic Beanstalk](ruby_elastic-beanstalk_code_examples.md)
+ [EventBridge](ruby_eventbridge_code_examples.md)
+ [AWS Glue](ruby_glue_code_examples.md)
+ [IAM](ruby_iam_code_examples.md)
+ [Kinesis](ruby_kinesis_code_examples.md)
+ [AWS KMS](ruby_kms_code_examples.md)
+ [Lambda](ruby_lambda_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon MSK](ruby_kafka_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon Polly](ruby_polly_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon RDS](ruby_rds_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon S3](ruby_s3_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon SES](ruby_ses_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon SES API v2](ruby_sesv2_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon SNS](ruby_sns_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon SQS](ruby_sqs_code_examples.md)
+ [AWS STS](ruby_sts_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon Textract](ruby_textract_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon Translate](ruby_translate_code_examples.md)

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Aurora 示例
<a name="ruby_aurora_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 与 Aurora 一起使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [开始使用](#get_started)

## 开始使用
<a name="get_started"></a>

### 开始使用 Aurora
<a name="aurora_Hello_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例显示如何开始使用 Aurora。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/aurora#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-rds'

# Creates an Amazon RDS client for the AWS Region
rds = Aws::RDS::Client.new

puts 'Listing clusters in this AWS account...'

# Calls the describe_db_clusters method to get information about clusters
resp = rds.describe_db_clusters(max_records: 20)

# Checks if any clusters are found and prints the appropriate message
if resp.db_clusters.empty?
  puts 'No clusters found!'
else
  # Loops through the array of cluster objects and prints the cluster identifier
  resp.db_clusters.each do |cluster|
    puts "Cluster identifier: #{cluster.db_cluster_identifier}"
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考DBClusters*中的[描述](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/rds-2014-10-31/DescribeDBClusters)。

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的自动扩缩示例
<a name="ruby_auto-scaling_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用与 Auto Scaling 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 配合使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [开始使用](#get_started)

## 开始使用
<a name="get_started"></a>

### 开始使用 Auto Scaling
<a name="auto-scaling_Hello_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例显示了如何开始使用 Auto Scaling。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/auto-scaling#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-autoscaling'
require 'logger'

# AutoScalingManager is a class responsible for managing AWS Auto Scaling operations
# such as listing all Auto Scaling groups in the current AWS account.
class AutoScalingManager
  def initialize(client)
    @client = client
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
  end

  # Gets and prints a list of Auto Scaling groups for the account.
  def list_auto_scaling_groups
    paginator = @client.describe_auto_scaling_groups
    auto_scaling_groups = []
    paginator.each_page do |page|
      auto_scaling_groups.concat(page.auto_scaling_groups)
    end

    if auto_scaling_groups.empty?
      @logger.info('No Auto Scaling groups found for this account.')
    else
      auto_scaling_groups.each do |group|
        @logger.info("Auto Scaling group name: #{group.auto_scaling_group_name}")
        @logger.info("  Group ARN:             #{group.auto_scaling_group_arn}")
        @logger.info("  Min/max/desired:       #{group.min_size}/#{group.max_size}/#{group.desired_capacity}")
        @logger.info("\n")
      end
    end
  end
end

if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
  autoscaling_client = Aws::AutoScaling::Client.new
  manager = AutoScalingManager.new(autoscaling_client)
  manager.list_auto_scaling_groups
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DescribeAutoScalingGroups](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/autoscaling-2011-01-01/DescribeAutoScalingGroups)*中的。

# CloudTrail 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的示例
<a name="ruby_cloudtrail_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用with来执行操作和实现常见场景 CloudTrail。 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [操作](#actions)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `CreateTrail`
<a name="cloudtrail_CreateTrail_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateTrail`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/cloudtrail#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-cloudtrail' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'
require 'aws-sdk-s3'
require 'aws-sdk-sts'

def create_trail_example(s3_client, sts_client, cloudtrail_client, trail_name, bucket_name)
  resp = sts_client.get_caller_identity({})
  account_id = resp.account

  # Attach policy to an Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) bucket.
  s3_client.create_bucket(bucket: bucket_name)
  begin
    policy = {
      'Version' => '2012-10-17',
      'Statement' => [
        {
          'Sid' => 'AWSCloudTrailAclCheck20150319',
          'Effect' => 'Allow',
          'Principal' => {
            'Service' => 'cloudtrail.amazonaws.com'
          },
          'Action' => 's3:GetBucketAcl',
          'Resource' => "arn:aws:s3:::#{bucket_name}"
        },
        {
          'Sid' => 'AWSCloudTrailWrite20150319',
          'Effect' => 'Allow',
          'Principal' => {
            'Service' => 'cloudtrail.amazonaws.com'
          },
          'Action' => 's3:PutObject',
          'Resource' => "arn:aws:s3:::#{bucket_name}/AWSLogs/#{account_id}/*",
          'Condition' => {
            'StringEquals' => {
              's3:x-amz-acl' => 'bucket-owner-full-control'
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    }.to_json

    s3_client.put_bucket_policy(
      bucket: bucket_name,
      policy: policy
    )
    puts "Successfully added policy to bucket #{bucket_name}"
  end

  begin
    cloudtrail_client.create_trail({
                                     name: trail_name, # required
                                     s3_bucket_name: bucket_name # required
                                   })

    puts "Successfully created trail: #{trail_name}."
  rescue StandardError => e
    puts "Got error trying to create trail #{trail_name}:\n #{e}"
    puts e
    exit 1
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateTrail](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/cloudtrail-2013-11-01/CreateTrail)*中的。

### `DeleteTrail`
<a name="cloudtrail_DeleteTrail_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteTrail`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/cloudtrail#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  client.delete_trail({
                        name: trail_name # required
                      })
  puts "Successfully deleted trail: #{trail_name}"
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Got error trying to delete trail: #{trail_name}:"
  puts e
  exit 1
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteTrail](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/cloudtrail-2013-11-01/DeleteTrail)*中的。

### `ListTrails`
<a name="cloudtrail_ListTrails_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListTrails`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/cloudtrail#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-cloudtrail' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

def describe_trails_example(client)
  resp = client.describe_trails({})
  puts "Found #{resp.trail_list.count} trail(s)."

  resp.trail_list.each do |trail|
    puts "Name:           #{trail.name}"
    puts "S3 bucket name: #{trail.s3_bucket_name}"
    puts
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListTrails](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/cloudtrail-2013-11-01/ListTrails)*中的。

### `LookupEvents`
<a name="cloudtrail_LookupEvents_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `LookupEvents`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/cloudtrail#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-cloudtrail' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

# @param [Object] client
def lookup_events_example(client)
  resp = client.lookup_events
  puts "Found #{resp.events.count} events:"
  resp.events.each do |e|
    puts "Event name:   #{e.event_name}"
    puts "Event ID:     #{e.event_id}"
    puts "Event time:   #{e.event_time}"
    puts 'Resources:'

    e.resources.each do |r|
      puts "  Name:       #{r.resource_name}"
      puts "  Type:       #{r.resource_type}"
      puts ''
    end
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[LookupEvents](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/cloudtrail-2013-11-01/LookupEvents)*中的。

# CloudWatch 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的示例
<a name="ruby_cloudwatch_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用with来执行操作和实现常见场景 CloudWatch。 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [操作](#actions)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `DescribeAlarms`
<a name="cloudwatch_DescribeAlarms_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DescribeAlarms`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/cloudwatch#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-cloudwatch'

# Lists the names of available Amazon CloudWatch alarms.
#
# @param cloudwatch_client [Aws::CloudWatch::Client]
#   An initialized CloudWatch client.
# @example
#   list_alarms(Aws::CloudWatch::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'))
def list_alarms(cloudwatch_client)
  response = cloudwatch_client.describe_alarms
  if response.metric_alarms.count.positive?
    response.metric_alarms.each do |alarm|
      puts alarm.alarm_name
    end
  else
    puts 'No alarms found.'
  end
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error getting information about alarms: #{e.message}"
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DescribeAlarms](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/monitoring-2010-08-01/DescribeAlarms)*中的。

### `DescribeAlarmsForMetric`
<a name="cloudwatch_DescribeAlarmsForMetric_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DescribeAlarmsForMetric`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/cloudwatch#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
#
# @param cloudwatch_client [Aws::CloudWatch::Client]
#   An initialized CloudWatch client.
# @example
#   describe_metric_alarms(Aws::CloudWatch::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'))
def describe_metric_alarms(cloudwatch_client)
  response = cloudwatch_client.describe_alarms

  if response.metric_alarms.count.positive?
    response.metric_alarms.each do |alarm|
      puts '-' * 16
      puts "Name:           #{alarm.alarm_name}"
      puts "State value:    #{alarm.state_value}"
      puts "State reason:   #{alarm.state_reason}"
      puts "Metric:         #{alarm.metric_name}"
      puts "Namespace:      #{alarm.namespace}"
      puts "Statistic:      #{alarm.statistic}"
      puts "Period:         #{alarm.period}"
      puts "Unit:           #{alarm.unit}"
      puts "Eval. periods:  #{alarm.evaluation_periods}"
      puts "Threshold:      #{alarm.threshold}"
      puts "Comp. operator: #{alarm.comparison_operator}"

      if alarm.key?(:ok_actions) && alarm.ok_actions.count.positive?
        puts 'OK actions:'
        alarm.ok_actions.each do |a|
          puts "  #{a}"
        end
      end

      if alarm.key?(:alarm_actions) && alarm.alarm_actions.count.positive?
        puts 'Alarm actions:'
        alarm.alarm_actions.each do |a|
          puts "  #{a}"
        end
      end

      if alarm.key?(:insufficient_data_actions) &&
         alarm.insufficient_data_actions.count.positive?
        puts 'Insufficient data actions:'
        alarm.insufficient_data_actions.each do |a|
          puts "  #{a}"
        end
      end

      puts 'Dimensions:'
      if alarm.key?(:dimensions) && alarm.dimensions.count.positive?
        alarm.dimensions.each do |d|
          puts "  Name: #{d.name}, Value: #{d.value}"
        end
      else
        puts '  None for this alarm.'
      end
    end
  else
    puts 'No alarms found.'
  end
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error getting information about alarms: #{e.message}"
end

# Example usage:
def run_me
  region = ''

  # Print usage information and then stop.
  if ARGV[0] == '--help' || ARGV[0] == '-h'
    puts 'Usage:   ruby cw-ruby-example-show-alarms.rb REGION'
    puts 'Example: ruby cw-ruby-example-show-alarms.rb us-east-1'
    exit 1
  # If no values are specified at the command prompt, use these default values.
  elsif ARGV.count.zero?
    region = 'us-east-1'
  # Otherwise, use the values as specified at the command prompt.
  else
    region = ARGV[0]
  end

  cloudwatch_client = Aws::CloudWatch::Client.new(region: region)
  puts 'Available alarms:'
  describe_metric_alarms(cloudwatch_client)
end

run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DescribeAlarmsForMetric](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/monitoring-2010-08-01/DescribeAlarmsForMetric)*中的。

### `DisableAlarmActions`
<a name="cloudwatch_DisableAlarmActions_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DisableAlarmActions`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/cloudwatch#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Disables an alarm in Amazon CloudWatch.
#
# Prerequisites.
#
# - The alarm to disable.
#
# @param cloudwatch_client [Aws::CloudWatch::Client]
#   An initialized CloudWatch client.
# @param alarm_name [String] The name of the alarm to disable.
# @return [Boolean] true if the alarm was disabled; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless alarm_actions_disabled?(
#     Aws::CloudWatch::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     'ObjectsInBucket'
#   )
def alarm_actions_disabled?(cloudwatch_client, alarm_name)
  cloudwatch_client.disable_alarm_actions(alarm_names: [alarm_name])
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error disabling alarm actions: #{e.message}"
  false
end

# Example usage:
def run_me
  alarm_name = 'ObjectsInBucket'
  alarm_description = 'Objects exist in this bucket for more than 1 day.'
  metric_name = 'NumberOfObjects'
  # Notify this Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic when
  # the alarm transitions to the ALARM state.
  alarm_actions = ['arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:111111111111:Default_CloudWatch_Alarms_Topic']
  namespace = 'AWS/S3'
  statistic = 'Average'
  dimensions = [
    {
      name: "BucketName",
      value: "amzn-s3-demo-bucket"
    },
    {
      name: 'StorageType',
      value: 'AllStorageTypes'
    }
  ]
  period = 86_400 # Daily (24 hours * 60 minutes * 60 seconds = 86400 seconds).
  unit = 'Count'
  evaluation_periods = 1 # More than one day.
  threshold = 1 # One object.
  comparison_operator = 'GreaterThanThreshold' # More than one object.
  # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon CloudWatch.
  region = 'us-east-1'

  cloudwatch_client = Aws::CloudWatch::Client.new(region: region)

  if alarm_created_or_updated?(
    cloudwatch_client,
    alarm_name,
    alarm_description,
    metric_name,
    alarm_actions,
    namespace,
    statistic,
    dimensions,
    period,
    unit,
    evaluation_periods,
    threshold,
    comparison_operator
  )
    puts "Alarm '#{alarm_name}' created or updated."
  else
    puts "Could not create or update alarm '#{alarm_name}'."
  end

  if alarm_actions_disabled?(cloudwatch_client, alarm_name)
    puts "Alarm '#{alarm_name}' disabled."
  else
    puts "Could not disable alarm '#{alarm_name}'."
  end
end

run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DisableAlarmActions](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/monitoring-2010-08-01/DisableAlarmActions)*中的。

### `ListMetrics`
<a name="cloudwatch_ListMetrics_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListMetrics`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/cloudwatch#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Lists available metrics for a metric namespace in Amazon CloudWatch.
#
# @param cloudwatch_client [Aws::CloudWatch::Client]
#   An initialized CloudWatch client.
# @param metric_namespace [String] The namespace of the metric.
# @example
#   list_metrics_for_namespace(
#     Aws::CloudWatch::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     'SITE/TRAFFIC'
#   )
def list_metrics_for_namespace(cloudwatch_client, metric_namespace)
  response = cloudwatch_client.list_metrics(namespace: metric_namespace)

  if response.metrics.count.positive?
    response.metrics.each do |metric|
      puts "  Metric name: #{metric.metric_name}"
      if metric.dimensions.count.positive?
        puts '    Dimensions:'
        metric.dimensions.each do |dimension|
          puts "      Name: #{dimension.name}, Value: #{dimension.value}"
        end
      else
        puts 'No dimensions found.'
      end
    end
  else
    puts "No metrics found for namespace '#{metric_namespace}'. " \
      'Note that it could take up to 15 minutes for recently-added metrics ' \
      'to become available.'
  end
end

# Example usage:
def run_me
  metric_namespace = 'SITE/TRAFFIC'
  # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon CloudWatch.
  region = 'us-east-1'

  cloudwatch_client = Aws::CloudWatch::Client.new(region: region)

  # Add three datapoints.
  puts 'Continuing...' unless datapoint_added_to_metric?(
    cloudwatch_client,
    metric_namespace,
    'UniqueVisitors',
    'SiteName',
    'example.com',
    5_885.0,
    'Count'
  )

  puts 'Continuing...' unless datapoint_added_to_metric?(
    cloudwatch_client,
    metric_namespace,
    'UniqueVisits',
    'SiteName',
    'example.com',
    8_628.0,
    'Count'
  )

  puts 'Continuing...' unless datapoint_added_to_metric?(
    cloudwatch_client,
    metric_namespace,
    'PageViews',
    'PageURL',
    'example.html',
    18_057.0,
    'Count'
  )

  puts "Metrics for namespace '#{metric_namespace}':"
  list_metrics_for_namespace(cloudwatch_client, metric_namespace)
end

run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListMetrics](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/monitoring-2010-08-01/ListMetrics)*中的。

### `PutMetricAlarm`
<a name="cloudwatch_PutMetricAlarm_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `PutMetricAlarm`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/cloudwatch#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Creates or updates an alarm in Amazon CloudWatch.
#
# @param cloudwatch_client [Aws::CloudWatch::Client]
#   An initialized CloudWatch client.
# @param alarm_name [String] The name of the alarm.
# @param alarm_description [String] A description about the alarm.
# @param metric_name [String] The name of the metric associated with the alarm.
# @param alarm_actions [Array] A list of Strings representing the
#   Amazon Resource Names (ARNs) to execute when the alarm transitions to the
#   ALARM state.
# @param namespace [String] The namespace for the metric to alarm on.
# @param statistic [String] The statistic for the metric.
# @param dimensions [Array] A list of dimensions for the metric, specified as
#   Aws::CloudWatch::Types::Dimension.
# @param period [Integer] The number of seconds before re-evaluating the metric.
# @param unit [String] The unit of measure for the statistic.
# @param evaluation_periods [Integer] The number of periods over which data is
#   compared to the specified threshold.
# @param theshold [Float] The value against which the specified statistic is compared.
# @param comparison_operator [String] The arithmetic operation to use when
#   comparing the specified statistic and threshold.
# @return [Boolean] true if the alarm was created or updated; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless alarm_created_or_updated?(
#     Aws::CloudWatch::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     'ObjectsInBucket',
#     'Objects exist in this bucket for more than 1 day.',
#     'NumberOfObjects',
#     ['arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:111111111111:Default_CloudWatch_Alarms_Topic'],
#     'AWS/S3',
#     'Average',
#     [
#       {
#         name: 'BucketName',
#         value: 'amzn-s3-demo-bucket'
#       },
#       {
#         name: 'StorageType',
#         value: 'AllStorageTypes'
#       }
#     ],
#     86_400,
#     'Count',
#     1,
#     1,
#     'GreaterThanThreshold'
#   )
def alarm_created_or_updated?(
  cloudwatch_client,
  alarm_name,
  alarm_description,
  metric_name,
  alarm_actions,
  namespace,
  statistic,
  dimensions,
  period,
  unit,
  evaluation_periods,
  threshold,
  comparison_operator
)
  cloudwatch_client.put_metric_alarm(
    alarm_name: alarm_name,
    alarm_description: alarm_description,
    metric_name: metric_name,
    alarm_actions: alarm_actions,
    namespace: namespace,
    statistic: statistic,
    dimensions: dimensions,
    period: period,
    unit: unit,
    evaluation_periods: evaluation_periods,
    threshold: threshold,
    comparison_operator: comparison_operator
  )
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error creating alarm: #{e.message}"
  false
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[PutMetricAlarm](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/monitoring-2010-08-01/PutMetricAlarm)*中的。

### `PutMetricData`
<a name="cloudwatch_PutMetricData_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `PutMetricData`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/cloudwatch#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-cloudwatch'

# Adds a datapoint to a metric in Amazon CloudWatch.
#
# @param cloudwatch_client [Aws::CloudWatch::Client]
#   An initialized CloudWatch client.
# @param metric_namespace [String] The namespace of the metric to add the
#   datapoint to.
# @param metric_name [String] The name of the metric to add the datapoint to.
# @param dimension_name [String] The name of the dimension to add the
#   datapoint to.
# @param dimension_value [String] The value of the dimension to add the
#   datapoint to.
# @param metric_value [Float] The value of the datapoint.
# @param metric_unit [String] The unit of measurement for the datapoint.
# @return [Boolean]
# @example
#   exit 1 unless datapoint_added_to_metric?(
#     Aws::CloudWatch::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     'SITE/TRAFFIC',
#     'UniqueVisitors',
#     'SiteName',
#     'example.com',
#     5_885.0,
#     'Count'
#   )
def datapoint_added_to_metric?(
  cloudwatch_client,
  metric_namespace,
  metric_name,
  dimension_name,
  dimension_value,
  metric_value,
  metric_unit
)
  cloudwatch_client.put_metric_data(
    namespace: metric_namespace,
    metric_data: [
      {
        metric_name: metric_name,
        dimensions: [
          {
            name: dimension_name,
            value: dimension_value
          }
        ],
        value: metric_value,
        unit: metric_unit
      }
    ]
  )
  puts "Added data about '#{metric_name}' to namespace " \
    "'#{metric_namespace}'."
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error adding data about '#{metric_name}' to namespace " \
    "'#{metric_namespace}': #{e.message}"
  false
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[PutMetricData](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/monitoring-2010-08-01/PutMetricData)*中的。

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Amazon Cognito 身份提供者示例
<a name="ruby_cognito-identity-provider_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 与 Amazon Cognito 身份提供商配合使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [开始使用](#get_started)

## 开始使用
<a name="get_started"></a>

### 开始使用 Amazon Cognito
<a name="cognito-identity-provider_Hello_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例显示如何开始使用 Amazon Cognito。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/cognito#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-cognitoidentityprovider'
require 'logger'

# CognitoManager is a class responsible for managing AWS Cognito operations
# such as listing all user pools in the current AWS account.
class CognitoManager
  def initialize(client)
    @client = client
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
  end

  # Lists and prints all user pools associated with the AWS account.
  def list_user_pools
    paginator = @client.list_user_pools(max_results: 10)
    user_pools = []
    paginator.each_page do |page|
      user_pools.concat(page.user_pools)
    end

    if user_pools.empty?
      @logger.info('No Cognito user pools found.')
    else
      user_pools.each do |user_pool|
        @logger.info("User pool ID: #{user_pool.id}")
        @logger.info("User pool name: #{user_pool.name}")
        @logger.info("User pool status: #{user_pool.status}")
        @logger.info('---')
      end
    end
  end
end

if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
  cognito_client = Aws::CognitoIdentityProvider::Client.new
  manager = CognitoManager.new(cognito_client)
  manager.list_user_pools
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListUserPools](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/cognito-idp-2016-04-18/ListUserPools)*中的。

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Amazon Comprehend 示例
<a name="ruby_comprehend_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 与 Amazon Comprehend 配合使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。

*场景*是向您演示如何通过在一个服务中调用多个函数或与其他 AWS 服务结合来完成特定任务的代码示例。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [场景](#scenarios)

## 场景
<a name="scenarios"></a>

### 创建用于分析客户反馈的应用程序
<a name="cross_FSA_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例说明如何创建应用程序来分析客户意见卡、翻译其母语、确定其情绪并根据译后的文本生成音频文件。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 此示例应用程序可分析并存储客户反馈卡。具体来说，它满足了纽约市一家虚构酒店的需求。酒店以实体意见卡的形式收集来自不同语种的客人的反馈。该反馈通过 Web 客户端上传到应用程序中。意见卡图片上传后，将执行以下步骤：  
+ 使用 Amazon Textract 从图片中提取文本。
+ Amazon Comprehend 确定所提取文本的情绪及其语言。
+ 使用 Amazon Translate 将所提取文本翻译为英语。
+ Amazon Polly 根据所提取文本合成音频文件。
 完整的应用程序可使用  AWS CDK 进行部署。有关源代码和部署说明，请参阅中的项目[ GitHub](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/cross_service_examples/feedback_sentiment_analyzer)。  

**本示例中使用的服务**
+ Amazon Comprehend
+ Lambda
+ Amazon Polly
+ Amazon Textract
+ Amazon Translate

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Amazon DocumentDB 示例
<a name="ruby_docdb_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何在 Amazon DocumentDB 中 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [无服务器示例](#serverless_examples)

## 无服务器示例
<a name="serverless_examples"></a>

### 通过 Amazon DocumentDB 触发器调用 Lambda 函数
<a name="serverless_DocumentDB_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示如何实现一个 Lambda 函数，该函数接收通过接收来自 DocumentDB 更改流的记录而触发的事件。该函数检索 DocumentDB 有效负载，并记录下记录内容。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-docdb-to-lambda)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
使用 Ruby 将 Amazon DocumentDB 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。  

```
require 'json'

def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  event['events'].each do |record|
    log_document_db_event(record)
  end
  'OK'
end

def log_document_db_event(record)
  event_data = record['event'] || {}
  operation_type = event_data['operationType'] || 'Unknown'
  db = event_data.dig('ns', 'db') || 'Unknown'
  collection = event_data.dig('ns', 'coll') || 'Unknown'
  full_document = event_data['fullDocument'] || {}

  puts "Operation type: #{operation_type}"
  puts "db: #{db}"
  puts "collection: #{collection}"
  puts "Full document: #{JSON.pretty_generate(full_document)}"
end
```

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 DynamoDB 示例
<a name="ruby_dynamodb_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何在 DynamoDB 中使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 

*基本功能*是向您展示如何在服务中执行基本操作的代码示例。

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

*场景*是向您演示如何通过在一个服务中调用多个函数或与其他 AWS 服务结合来完成特定任务的代码示例。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [开始使用](#get_started)
+ [基本功能](#basics)
+ [操作](#actions)
+ [场景](#scenarios)
+ [无服务器示例](#serverless_examples)

## 开始使用
<a name="get_started"></a>

### 开始使用 DynamoDB
<a name="dynamodb_Hello_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例显示如何开始使用 DynamoDB。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-dynamodb'
require 'logger'

# DynamoDBManager is a class responsible for managing DynamoDB operations
# such as listing all tables in the current AWS account.
class DynamoDBManager
  def initialize(client)
    @client = client
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
  end

  # Lists and prints all DynamoDB tables in the current AWS account.
  def list_tables
    @logger.info('Here are the DynamoDB tables in your account:')

    paginator = @client.list_tables(limit: 10)
    table_names = []

    paginator.each_page do |page|
      page.table_names.each do |table_name|
        @logger.info("- #{table_name}")
        table_names << table_name
      end
    end

    if table_names.empty?
      @logger.info("You don't have any DynamoDB tables in your account.")
    else
      @logger.info("\nFound #{table_names.length} tables.")
    end
  end
end

if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
  dynamodb_client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new
  manager = DynamoDBManager.new(dynamodb_client)
  manager.list_tables
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListTables](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/ListTables)*中的。

## 基本功能
<a name="basics"></a>

### 了解基本功能
<a name="dynamodb_Scenario_GettingStartedMovies_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何：
+ 创建可保存电影数据的表。
+ 在表中加入单一电影，获取并更新此电影。
+ 向 JSON 示例文件的表中写入电影数据。
+ 查询在给定年份发行的电影。
+ 扫描在年份范围内发行的电影。
+ 删除表中的电影后再删除表。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
创建封装 DynamoDB 表的类。  

```
  # Creates an Amazon DynamoDB table that can be used to store movie data.
  # The table uses the release year of the movie as the partition key and the
  # title as the sort key.
  #
  # @param table_name [String] The name of the table to create.
  # @return [Aws::DynamoDB::Table] The newly created table.
  def create_table(table_name)
    @table = @dynamo_resource.create_table(
      table_name: table_name,
      key_schema: [
        { attribute_name: 'year', key_type: 'HASH' }, # Partition key
        { attribute_name: 'title', key_type: 'RANGE' } # Sort key
      ],
      attribute_definitions: [
        { attribute_name: 'year', attribute_type: 'N' },
        { attribute_name: 'title', attribute_type: 'S' }
      ],
      billing_mode: 'PAY_PER_REQUEST'
    )
    @dynamo_resource.client.wait_until(:table_exists, table_name: table_name)
    @table
  rescue Aws::DynamoDB::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Failed create table #{table_name}:\n#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
创建帮助函数以下载并提取示例 JSON 文件。  

```
  # Gets sample movie data, either from a local file or by first downloading it from
  # the Amazon DynamoDB Developer Guide.
  #
  # @param movie_file_name [String] The local file name where the movie data is stored in JSON format.
  # @return [Hash] The movie data as a Hash.
  def fetch_movie_data(movie_file_name)
    if !File.file?(movie_file_name)
      @logger.debug("Downloading #{movie_file_name}...")
      movie_content = URI.open(
        'https://docs.aws.amazon.com/amazondynamodb/latest/developerguide/samples/moviedata.zip'
      )
      movie_json = ''
      Zip::File.open_buffer(movie_content) do |zip|
        zip.each do |entry|
          movie_json = entry.get_input_stream.read
        end
      end
    else
      movie_json = File.read(movie_file_name)
    end
    movie_data = JSON.parse(movie_json)
    # The sample file lists over 4000 movies. This returns only the first 250.
    movie_data.slice(0, 250)
  rescue StandardError => e
    puts("Failure downloading movie data:\n#{e}")
    raise
  end
```
运行交互式场景以创建表并对其执行操作。  

```
  table_name = "doc-example-table-movies-#{rand(10**4)}"
  scaffold = Scaffold.new(table_name)
  dynamodb_wrapper = DynamoDBBasics.new(table_name)

  new_step(1, 'Create a new DynamoDB table if none already exists.')
  unless scaffold.exists?(table_name)
    puts("\nNo such table: #{table_name}. Creating it...")
    scaffold.create_table(table_name)
    print "Done!\n".green
  end

  new_step(2, 'Add a new record to the DynamoDB table.')
  my_movie = {}
  my_movie[:title] = CLI::UI::Prompt.ask('Enter the title of a movie to add to the table. E.g. The Matrix')
  my_movie[:year] = CLI::UI::Prompt.ask('What year was it released? E.g. 1989').to_i
  my_movie[:rating] = CLI::UI::Prompt.ask('On a scale of 1 - 10, how do you rate it? E.g. 7').to_i
  my_movie[:plot] = CLI::UI::Prompt.ask('Enter a brief summary of the plot. E.g. A man awakens to a new reality.')
  dynamodb_wrapper.add_item(my_movie)
  puts("\nNew record added:")
  puts JSON.pretty_generate(my_movie).green
  print "Done!\n".green

  new_step(3, 'Update a record in the DynamoDB table.')
  my_movie[:rating] = CLI::UI::Prompt.ask("Let's update the movie you added with a new rating, e.g. 3:").to_i
  response = dynamodb_wrapper.update_item(my_movie)
  puts("Updated '#{my_movie[:title]}' with new attributes:")
  puts JSON.pretty_generate(response).green
  print "Done!\n".green

  new_step(4, 'Get a record from the DynamoDB table.')
  puts("Searching for #{my_movie[:title]} (#{my_movie[:year]})...")
  response = dynamodb_wrapper.get_item(my_movie[:title], my_movie[:year])
  puts JSON.pretty_generate(response).green
  print "Done!\n".green

  new_step(5, 'Write a batch of items into the DynamoDB table.')
  download_file = 'moviedata.json'
  puts("Downloading movie database to #{download_file}...")
  movie_data = scaffold.fetch_movie_data(download_file)
  puts("Writing movie data from #{download_file} into your table...")
  scaffold.write_batch(movie_data)
  puts("Records added: #{movie_data.length}.")
  print "Done!\n".green

  new_step(5, 'Query for a batch of items by key.')
  loop do
    release_year = CLI::UI::Prompt.ask('Enter a year between 1972 and 2018, e.g. 1999:').to_i
    results = dynamodb_wrapper.query_items(release_year)
    if results.any?
      puts("There were #{results.length} movies released in #{release_year}:")
      results.each do |movie|
        print "\t #{movie['title']}".green
      end
      break
    else
      continue = CLI::UI::Prompt.ask("Found no movies released in #{release_year}! Try another year? (y/n)")
      break unless continue.eql?('y')
    end
  end
  print "\nDone!\n".green

  new_step(6, 'Scan for a batch of items using a filter expression.')
  years = {}
  years[:start] = CLI::UI::Prompt.ask('Enter a starting year between 1972 and 2018:')
  years[:end] = CLI::UI::Prompt.ask('Enter an ending year between 1972 and 2018:')
  releases = dynamodb_wrapper.scan_items(years)
  if !releases.empty?
    puts("Found #{releases.length} movies.")
    count = Question.ask(
      'How many do you want to see? ', method(:is_int), in_range(1, releases.length)
    )
    puts("Here are your #{count} movies:")
    releases.take(count).each do |release|
      puts("\t#{release['title']}")
    end
  else
    puts("I don't know about any movies released between #{years[:start]} "\
         "and #{years[:end]}.")
  end
  print "\nDone!\n".green

  new_step(7, 'Delete an item from the DynamoDB table.')
  answer = CLI::UI::Prompt.ask("Do you want to remove '#{my_movie[:title]}'? (y/n) ")
  if answer.eql?('y')
    dynamodb_wrapper.delete_item(my_movie[:title], my_movie[:year])
    puts("Removed '#{my_movie[:title]}' from the table.")
    print "\nDone!\n".green
  end

  new_step(8, 'Delete the DynamoDB table.')
  answer = CLI::UI::Prompt.ask('Delete the table? (y/n)')
  if answer.eql?('y')
    scaffold.delete_table
    puts("Deleted #{table_name}.")
  else
    puts("Don't forget to delete the table when you're done!")
  end
  print "\nThanks for watching!\n".green
rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError
  puts('Something went wrong with the demo.')
rescue Errno::ENOENT
  true
end
```
+ 有关 API 详细信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考》**中的以下主题。
  + [BatchWriteItem](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/BatchWriteItem)
  + [CreateTable](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/CreateTable)
  + [DeleteItem](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/DeleteItem)
  + [DeleteTable](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/DeleteTable)
  + [DescribeTable](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/DescribeTable)
  + [GetItem](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/GetItem)
  + [PutItem](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/PutItem)
  + [Query](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/Query)
  + [Scan](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/Scan)
  + [UpdateItem](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/UpdateItem)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `BatchExecuteStatement`
<a name="dynamodb_BatchExecuteStatement_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `BatchExecuteStatement`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
使用 PartiQL 读取一批项目。  

```
class DynamoDBPartiQLBatch
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamodb = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table = @dynamodb.table(table_name)
  end

  # Selects a batch of items from a table using PartiQL
  #
  # @param batch_titles [Array] Collection of movie titles
  # @return [Aws::DynamoDB::Types::BatchExecuteStatementOutput]
  def batch_execute_select(batch_titles)
    request_items = batch_titles.map do |title, year|
      {
        statement: "SELECT * FROM \"#{@table.name}\" WHERE title=? and year=?",
        parameters: [title, year]
      }
    end
    @dynamodb.client.batch_execute_statement({ statements: request_items })
  end
```
使用 PartiQL 删除一批项目。  

```
class DynamoDBPartiQLBatch
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamodb = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table = @dynamodb.table(table_name)
  end

  # Deletes a batch of items from a table using PartiQL
  #
  # @param batch_titles [Array] Collection of movie titles
  # @return [Aws::DynamoDB::Types::BatchExecuteStatementOutput]
  def batch_execute_write(batch_titles)
    request_items = batch_titles.map do |title, year|
      {
        statement: "DELETE FROM \"#{@table.name}\" WHERE title=? and year=?",
        parameters: [title, year]
      }
    end
    @dynamodb.client.batch_execute_statement({ statements: request_items })
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[BatchExecuteStatement](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/BatchExecuteStatement)*中的。

### `BatchWriteItem`
<a name="dynamodb_BatchWriteItem_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `BatchWriteItem`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class DynamoDBBasics
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamo_resource = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table = @dynamo_resource.table(table_name)
  end

  # Fills an Amazon DynamoDB table with the specified data. Items are sent in
  # batches of 25 until all items are written.
  #
  # @param movies [Enumerable] The data to put in the table. Each item must contain at least
  #                            the keys required by the schema that was specified when the
  #                            table was created.
  def write_batch(movies)
    index = 0
    slice_size = 25
    while index < movies.length
      movie_items = []
      movies[index, slice_size].each do |movie|
        movie_items.append({ put_request: { item: movie } })
      end
      @dynamo_resource.client.batch_write_item({ request_items: { @table.name => movie_items } })
      index += slice_size
    end
  rescue Aws::DynamoDB::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts(
      "Couldn't load data into table #{@table.name}. Here's why:"
    )
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[BatchWriteItem](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/BatchWriteItem)*中的。

### `CreateTable`
<a name="dynamodb_CreateTable_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateTable`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Encapsulates an Amazon DynamoDB table of movie data.
class Scaffold
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table_name, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamo_resource = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table_name = table_name
    @table = nil
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
    @logger.level = Logger::DEBUG
  end

  # Creates an Amazon DynamoDB table that can be used to store movie data.
  # The table uses the release year of the movie as the partition key and the
  # title as the sort key.
  #
  # @param table_name [String] The name of the table to create.
  # @return [Aws::DynamoDB::Table] The newly created table.
  def create_table(table_name)
    @table = @dynamo_resource.create_table(
      table_name: table_name,
      key_schema: [
        { attribute_name: 'year', key_type: 'HASH' }, # Partition key
        { attribute_name: 'title', key_type: 'RANGE' } # Sort key
      ],
      attribute_definitions: [
        { attribute_name: 'year', attribute_type: 'N' },
        { attribute_name: 'title', attribute_type: 'S' }
      ],
      billing_mode: 'PAY_PER_REQUEST'
    )
    @dynamo_resource.client.wait_until(:table_exists, table_name: table_name)
    @table
  rescue Aws::DynamoDB::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Failed create table #{table_name}:\n#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateTable](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/CreateTable)*中的。

### `DeleteItem`
<a name="dynamodb_DeleteItem_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteItem`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class DynamoDBBasics
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamo_resource = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table = @dynamo_resource.table(table_name)
  end

  # Deletes a movie from the table.
  #
  # @param title [String] The title of the movie to delete.
  # @param year [Integer] The release year of the movie to delete.
  def delete_item(title, year)
    @table.delete_item(key: { 'year' => year, 'title' => title })
  rescue Aws::DynamoDB::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't delete movie #{title}. Here's why:")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteItem](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/DeleteItem)*中的。

### `DeleteTable`
<a name="dynamodb_DeleteTable_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteTable`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Encapsulates an Amazon DynamoDB table of movie data.
class Scaffold
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table_name, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamo_resource = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table_name = table_name
    @table = nil
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
    @logger.level = Logger::DEBUG
  end

  # Deletes the table.
  def delete_table
    @table.delete
    @table = nil
  rescue Aws::DynamoDB::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't delete table. Here's why:")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteTable](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/DeleteTable)*中的。

### `DescribeTable`
<a name="dynamodb_DescribeTable_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DescribeTable`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Encapsulates an Amazon DynamoDB table of movie data.
class Scaffold
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table_name, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamo_resource = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table_name = table_name
    @table = nil
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
    @logger.level = Logger::DEBUG
  end

  # Determines whether a table exists. As a side effect, stores the table in
  # a member variable.
  #
  # @param table_name [String] The name of the table to check.
  # @return [Boolean] True when the table exists; otherwise, False.
  def exists?(table_name)
    @dynamo_resource.client.describe_table(table_name: table_name)
    @logger.debug("Table #{table_name} exists")
  rescue Aws::DynamoDB::Errors::ResourceNotFoundException
    @logger.debug("Table #{table_name} doesn't exist")
    false
  rescue Aws::DynamoDB::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't check for existence of #{table_name}:\n")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DescribeTable](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/DescribeTable)*中的。

### `ExecuteStatement`
<a name="dynamodb_ExecuteStatement_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ExecuteStatement`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
使用 PartiQL 选择单个项目。  

```
class DynamoDBPartiQLSingle
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamodb = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table = @dynamodb.table(table_name)
  end

  # Gets a single record from a table using PartiQL.
  # Note: To perform more fine-grained selects,
  # use the Client.query instance method instead.
  #
  # @param title [String] The title of the movie to search.
  # @return [Aws::DynamoDB::Types::ExecuteStatementOutput]
  def select_item_by_title(title)
    request = {
      statement: "SELECT * FROM \"#{@table.name}\" WHERE title=?",
      parameters: [title]
    }
    @dynamodb.client.execute_statement(request)
  end
```
使用 PartiQL 更新单个项目。  

```
class DynamoDBPartiQLSingle
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamodb = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table = @dynamodb.table(table_name)
  end

  # Updates a single record from a table using PartiQL.
  #
  # @param title [String] The title of the movie to update.
  # @param year [Integer] The year the movie was released.
  # @param rating [Float] The new rating to assign the title.
  # @return [Aws::DynamoDB::Types::ExecuteStatementOutput]
  def update_rating_by_title(title, year, rating)
    request = {
      statement: "UPDATE \"#{@table.name}\" SET info.rating=? WHERE title=? and year=?",
      parameters: [{ "N": rating }, title, year]
    }
    @dynamodb.client.execute_statement(request)
  end
```
使用 PartiQL 添加单个项目。  

```
class DynamoDBPartiQLSingle
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamodb = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table = @dynamodb.table(table_name)
  end

  # Adds a single record to a table using PartiQL.
  #
  # @param title [String] The title of the movie to update.
  # @param year [Integer] The year the movie was released.
  # @param plot [String] The plot of the movie.
  # @param rating [Float] The new rating to assign the title.
  # @return [Aws::DynamoDB::Types::ExecuteStatementOutput]
  def insert_item(title, year, plot, rating)
    request = {
      statement: "INSERT INTO \"#{@table.name}\" VALUE {'title': ?, 'year': ?, 'info': ?}",
      parameters: [title, year, { 'plot': plot, 'rating': rating }]
    }
    @dynamodb.client.execute_statement(request)
  end
```
使用 PartiQL 删除单个项目。  

```
class DynamoDBPartiQLSingle
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamodb = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table = @dynamodb.table(table_name)
  end

  # Deletes a single record from a table using PartiQL.
  #
  # @param title [String] The title of the movie to update.
  # @param year [Integer] The year the movie was released.
  # @return [Aws::DynamoDB::Types::ExecuteStatementOutput]
  def delete_item_by_title(title, year)
    request = {
      statement: "DELETE FROM \"#{@table.name}\" WHERE title=? and year=?",
      parameters: [title, year]
    }
    @dynamodb.client.execute_statement(request)
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ExecuteStatement](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/ExecuteStatement)*中的。

### `GetItem`
<a name="dynamodb_GetItem_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetItem`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class DynamoDBBasics
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamo_resource = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table = @dynamo_resource.table(table_name)
  end

  # Gets movie data from the table for a specific movie.
  #
  # @param title [String] The title of the movie.
  # @param year [Integer] The release year of the movie.
  # @return [Hash] The data about the requested movie.
  def get_item(title, year)
    @table.get_item(key: { 'year' => year, 'title' => title })
  rescue Aws::DynamoDB::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't get movie #{title} (#{year}) from table #{@table.name}:\n")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[GetItem](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/GetItem)*中的。

### `ListTables`
<a name="dynamodb_ListTables_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListTables`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/python/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
确定表是否存在。  

```
# Encapsulates an Amazon DynamoDB table of movie data.
class Scaffold
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table_name, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamo_resource = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table_name = table_name
    @table = nil
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
    @logger.level = Logger::DEBUG
  end

  # Determines whether a table exists. As a side effect, stores the table in
  # a member variable.
  #
  # @param table_name [String] The name of the table to check.
  # @return [Boolean] True when the table exists; otherwise, False.
  def exists?(table_name)
    @dynamo_resource.client.describe_table(table_name: table_name)
    @logger.debug("Table #{table_name} exists")
  rescue Aws::DynamoDB::Errors::ResourceNotFoundException
    @logger.debug("Table #{table_name} doesn't exist")
    false
  rescue Aws::DynamoDB::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't check for existence of #{table_name}:\n")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListTables](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/ListTables)*中的。

### `PutItem`
<a name="dynamodb_PutItem_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `PutItem`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class DynamoDBBasics
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamo_resource = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table = @dynamo_resource.table(table_name)
  end

  # Adds a movie to the table.
  #
  # @param movie [Hash] The title, year, plot, and rating of the movie.
  def add_item(movie)
    @table.put_item(
      item: {
        'year' => movie[:year],
        'title' => movie[:title],
        'info' => { 'plot' => movie[:plot], 'rating' => movie[:rating] }
      }
    )
  rescue Aws::DynamoDB::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't add movie #{title} to table #{@table.name}. Here's why:")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[PutItem](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/PutItem)*中的。

### `Query`
<a name="dynamodb_Query_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `Query`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples) 中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class DynamoDBBasics
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamo_resource = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table = @dynamo_resource.table(table_name)
  end

  # Queries for movies that were released in the specified year.
  #
  # @param year [Integer] The year to query.
  # @return [Array] The list of movies that were released in the specified year.
  def query_items(year)
    response = @table.query(
      key_condition_expression: '#yr = :year',
      expression_attribute_names: { '#yr' => 'year' },
      expression_attribute_values: { ':year' => year }
    )
  rescue Aws::DynamoDB::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't query for movies released in #{year}. Here's why:")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  else
    response.items
  end
```
+  有关 API 详细信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API Reference》**中的 [Query](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/Query)。

### `Scan`
<a name="dynamodb_Scan_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `Scan`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class DynamoDBBasics
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamo_resource = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table = @dynamo_resource.table(table_name)
  end

  # Scans for movies that were released in a range of years.
  # Uses a projection expression to return a subset of data for each movie.
  #
  # @param year_range [Hash] The range of years to retrieve.
  # @return [Array] The list of movies released in the specified years.
  def scan_items(year_range)
    movies = []
    scan_hash = {
      filter_expression: '#yr between :start_yr and :end_yr',
      projection_expression: '#yr, title, info.rating',
      expression_attribute_names: { '#yr' => 'year' },
      expression_attribute_values: {
        ':start_yr' => year_range[:start], ':end_yr' => year_range[:end]
      }
    }
    done = false
    start_key = nil
    until done
      scan_hash[:exclusive_start_key] = start_key unless start_key.nil?
      response = @table.scan(scan_hash)
      movies.concat(response.items) unless response.items.empty?
      start_key = response.last_evaluated_key
      done = start_key.nil?
    end
  rescue Aws::DynamoDB::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't scan for movies. Here's why:")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  else
    movies
  end
```
+  有关 API 详细信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API Reference》**中的 [Scan](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/Scan)。

### `UpdateItem`
<a name="dynamodb_UpdateItem_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `UpdateItem`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class DynamoDBBasics
  attr_reader :dynamo_resource, :table

  def initialize(table_name)
    client = Aws::DynamoDB::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @dynamo_resource = Aws::DynamoDB::Resource.new(client: client)
    @table = @dynamo_resource.table(table_name)
  end

  # Updates rating and plot data for a movie in the table.
  #
  # @param movie [Hash] The title, year, plot, rating of the movie.
  def update_item(movie)
    response = @table.update_item(
      key: { 'year' => movie[:year], 'title' => movie[:title] },
      update_expression: 'set info.rating=:r',
      expression_attribute_values: { ':r' => movie[:rating] },
      return_values: 'UPDATED_NEW'
    )
  rescue Aws::DynamoDB::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't update movie #{movie[:title]} (#{movie[:year]}) in table #{@table.name}\n")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  else
    response.attributes
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[UpdateItem](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/UpdateItem)*中的。

## 场景
<a name="scenarios"></a>

### 使用批量 PartiQL 语句查询表
<a name="dynamodb_Scenario_PartiQLBatch_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何：
+ 通过运行多个 SELECT 语句来获取一批项目。
+ 通过运行多个 INSERT 语句来添加一批项目。
+ 通过运行多个 UPDATE 语句来更新一批项目。
+ 通过运行多个 DELETE 语句来删除一批项目。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
运行创建表并运行批量 PartiQL 查询的场景。  

```
  table_name = "doc-example-table-movies-partiql-#{rand(10**4)}"
  scaffold = Scaffold.new(table_name)
  sdk = DynamoDBPartiQLBatch.new(table_name)

  new_step(1, 'Create a new DynamoDB table if none already exists.')
  unless scaffold.exists?(table_name)
    puts("\nNo such table: #{table_name}. Creating it...")
    scaffold.create_table(table_name)
    print "Done!\n".green
  end

  new_step(2, 'Populate DynamoDB table with movie data.')
  download_file = 'moviedata.json'
  puts("Downloading movie database to #{download_file}...")
  movie_data = scaffold.fetch_movie_data(download_file)
  puts("Writing movie data from #{download_file} into your table...")
  scaffold.write_batch(movie_data)
  puts("Records added: #{movie_data.length}.")
  print "Done!\n".green

  new_step(3, 'Select a batch of items from the movies table.')
  puts "Let's select some popular movies for side-by-side comparison."
  response = sdk.batch_execute_select([['Mean Girls', 2004], ['Goodfellas', 1977], ['The Prancing of the Lambs', 2005]])
  puts("Items selected: #{response['responses'].length}\n")
  print "\nDone!\n".green

  new_step(4, 'Delete a batch of items from the movies table.')
  sdk.batch_execute_write([['Mean Girls', 2004], ['Goodfellas', 1977], ['The Prancing of the Lambs', 2005]])
  print "\nDone!\n".green

  new_step(5, 'Delete the table.')
  return unless scaffold.exists?(table_name)

  scaffold.delete_table
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[BatchExecuteStatement](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/BatchExecuteStatement)*中的。

### 使用 PartiQL 来查询表
<a name="dynamodb_Scenario_PartiQLSingle_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何：
+ 通过运行 SELECT 语句来获取项目。
+ 通过运行 INSERT 语句来添加项目。
+ 通过运行 UPDATE 语句来更新项目。
+ 通过运行 DELETE 语句来删除项目。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
运行创建表并运行 PartiQL 查询的场景。  

```
  table_name = "doc-example-table-movies-partiql-#{rand(10**8)}"
  scaffold = Scaffold.new(table_name)
  sdk = DynamoDBPartiQLSingle.new(table_name)

  new_step(1, 'Create a new DynamoDB table if none already exists.')
  unless scaffold.exists?(table_name)
    puts("\nNo such table: #{table_name}. Creating it...")
    scaffold.create_table(table_name)
    print "Done!\n".green
  end

  new_step(2, 'Populate DynamoDB table with movie data.')
  download_file = 'moviedata.json'
  puts("Downloading movie database to #{download_file}...")
  movie_data = scaffold.fetch_movie_data(download_file)
  puts("Writing movie data from #{download_file} into your table...")
  scaffold.write_batch(movie_data)
  puts("Records added: #{movie_data.length}.")
  print "Done!\n".green

  new_step(3, 'Select a single item from the movies table.')
  response = sdk.select_item_by_title('Star Wars')
  puts("Items selected for title 'Star Wars': #{response.items.length}\n")
  print response.items.first.to_s.yellow
  print "\n\nDone!\n".green

  new_step(4, 'Update a single item from the movies table.')
  puts "Let's correct the rating on The Big Lebowski to 10.0."
  sdk.update_rating_by_title('The Big Lebowski', 1998, 10.0)
  print "\nDone!\n".green

  new_step(5, 'Delete a single item from the movies table.')
  puts "Let's delete The Silence of the Lambs because it's just too scary."
  sdk.delete_item_by_title('The Silence of the Lambs', 1991)
  print "\nDone!\n".green

  new_step(6, 'Insert a new item into the movies table.')
  puts "Let's create a less-scary movie called The Prancing of the Lambs."
  sdk.insert_item('The Prancing of the Lambs', 2005, 'A movie about happy livestock.', 5.0)
  print "\nDone!\n".green

  new_step(7, 'Delete the table.')
  return unless scaffold.exists?(table_name)

  scaffold.delete_table
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ExecuteStatement](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/dynamodb-2012-08-10/ExecuteStatement)*中的。

## 无服务器示例
<a name="serverless_examples"></a>

### 通过 DynamoDB 触发器调用 Lambda 函数
<a name="serverless_DynamoDB_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示如何实现一个 Lambda 函数，该函数接收通过接收来自 DynamoDB 流的记录而触发的事件。该函数检索 DynamoDB 有效负载，并记录下记录内容。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-ddb-to-lambda)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
通过 Ruby 将 DynamoDB 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。  

```
def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
    return 'received empty event' if event['Records'].empty?
  
    event['Records'].each do |record|
      log_dynamodb_record(record)
    end
  
    "Records processed: #{event['Records'].length}"
  end
  
  def log_dynamodb_record(record)
    puts record['eventID']
    puts record['eventName']
    puts "DynamoDB Record: #{JSON.generate(record['dynamodb'])}"
  end
```

### 通过 DynamoDB 触发器报告 Lambda 函数批处理项目失败
<a name="serverless_DynamoDB_Lambda_batch_item_failures_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示如何为接收来自 DynamoDB 流的事件的 Lambda 函数实现部分批处理响应。该函数在响应中报告批处理项目失败，并指示 Lambda 稍后重试这些消息。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-ddb-to-lambda-with-batch-item-handling)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
报告使用 Ruby 通过 Lambda 进行 DynamoDB 批处理项目失败。  

```
def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
    records = event["Records"]
    cur_record_sequence_number = ""
  
    records.each do |record|
      begin
        # Process your record
        cur_record_sequence_number = record["dynamodb"]["SequenceNumber"]
      rescue StandardError => e
        # Return failed record's sequence number
        return {"batchItemFailures" => [{"itemIdentifier" => cur_record_sequence_number}]}
      end
    end
  
    {"batchItemFailures" => []}
  end
```

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的亚马逊 EC2 示例
<a name="ruby_ec2_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示如何在 Amazon 中使用来执行操作和实现常见场景 EC2。 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [开始使用](#get_started)
+ [操作](#actions)

## 开始使用
<a name="get_started"></a>

### 你好 Amazon EC2
<a name="ec2_Hello_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例显示了如何开始使用 Amazon EC2。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ec2#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-ec2'
require 'logger'

# EC2Manager is a class responsible for managing EC2 operations
# such as listing all EC2 instances in the current AWS account.
class EC2Manager
  def initialize(client)
    @client = client
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
  end

  # Lists and prints all EC2 instances in the current AWS account.
  def list_instances
    @logger.info('Listing instances')

    instances = fetch_instances

    if instances.empty?
      @logger.info('You have no instances')
    else
      print_instances(instances)
    end
  end

  private

  # Fetches all EC2 instances using pagination.
  #
  # @return [Array<Aws::EC2::Types::Instance>] List of EC2 instances.
  def fetch_instances
    paginator = @client.describe_instances
    instances = []

    paginator.each_page do |page|
      page.reservations.each do |reservation|
        reservation.instances.each do |instance|
          instances << instance
        end
      end
    end

    instances
  end

  # Prints details of the given EC2 instances.
  #
  # @param instances [Array<Aws::EC2::Types::Instance>] List of EC2 instances to print.
  def print_instances(instances)
    instances.each do |instance|
      @logger.info("Instance ID: #{instance.instance_id}")
      @logger.info("Instance Type: #{instance.instance_type}")
      @logger.info("Public IP: #{instance.public_ip_address}")
      @logger.info("Public DNS Name: #{instance.public_dns_name}")
      @logger.info("\n")
    end
  end
end

if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
  ec2_client = Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2')
  manager = EC2Manager.new(ec2_client)
  manager.list_instances
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DescribeSecurityGroups](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/ec2-2016-11-15/DescribeSecurityGroups)*中的。

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `AllocateAddress`
<a name="ec2_AllocateAddress_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `AllocateAddress`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ec2#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Creates an Elastic IP address in Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC).
#
# @param ec2_client [Aws::EC2::Client] An initialized EC2 client.
# @return [String] The allocation ID corresponding to the Elastic IP address.
# @example
#   puts allocate_elastic_ip_address(Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'))
def allocate_elastic_ip_address(ec2_client)
  response = ec2_client.allocate_address(domain: 'vpc')
  response.allocation_id
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error allocating Elastic IP address: #{e.message}"
  'Error'
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[AllocateAddress](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/ec2-2016-11-15/AllocateAddress)*中的。

### `AssociateAddress`
<a name="ec2_AssociateAddress_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `AssociateAddress`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ec2#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Associates an Elastic IP address with an Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud
# (Amazon EC2) instance.
#
# Prerequisites:
#
# - The allocation ID corresponding to the Elastic IP address.
# - The Amazon EC2 instance.
#
# @param ec2_client [Aws::EC2::Client] An initialized EC2 client.
# @param allocation_id [String] The ID of the allocation corresponding to
#   the Elastic IP address.
# @param instance_id [String] The ID of the instance.
# @return [String] The assocation ID corresponding to the association of the
#   Elastic IP address to the instance.
# @example
#   puts allocate_elastic_ip_address(
#     Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'eipalloc-04452e528a66279EX',
#     'i-033c48ef067af3dEX')
def associate_elastic_ip_address_with_instance(
  ec2_client,
  allocation_id,
  instance_id
)
  response = ec2_client.associate_address(
    allocation_id: allocation_id,
    instance_id: instance_id
  )
  response.association_id
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error associating Elastic IP address with instance: #{e.message}"
  'Error'
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[AssociateAddress](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/ec2-2016-11-15/AssociateAddress)*中的。

### `CreateKeyPair`
<a name="ec2_CreateKeyPair_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateKeyPair`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ec2#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# This code example does the following:
# 1. Creates a key pair in Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2).
# 2. Displays information about available key pairs.
# 3. Deletes the key pair.

require 'aws-sdk-ec2'

# @param ec2_client [Aws::EC2::Client] An initialized EC2 client.
# @param key_pair_name [String] The name for the key pair and private
#   key file.
# @return [Boolean] true if the key pair and private key file were
#   created; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless key_pair_created?(
#     Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'my-key-pair'
#   )
def key_pair_created?(ec2_client, key_pair_name)
  key_pair = ec2_client.create_key_pair(key_name: key_pair_name)
  puts "Created key pair '#{key_pair.key_name}' with fingerprint " \
    "'#{key_pair.key_fingerprint}' and ID '#{key_pair.key_pair_id}'."
  filename = File.join(Dir.home, "#{key_pair_name}.pem")
  File.open(filename, 'w') { |file| file.write(key_pair.key_material) }
  puts "Private key file saved locally as '#{filename}'."
  true
rescue Aws::EC2::Errors::InvalidKeyPairDuplicate
  puts "Error creating key pair: a key pair named '#{key_pair_name}' " \
    'already exists.'
  false
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error creating key pair or saving private key file: #{e.message}"
  false
end

# Displays information about available key pairs in
# Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2).
#
# @param ec2_client [Aws::EC2::Client] An initialized EC2 client.
# @example
#   describe_key_pairs(Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'))
def describe_key_pairs(ec2_client)
  result = ec2_client.describe_key_pairs
  if result.key_pairs.count.zero?
    puts 'No key pairs found.'
  else
    puts 'Key pair names:'
    result.key_pairs.each do |key_pair|
      puts key_pair.key_name
    end
  end
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error getting information about key pairs: #{e.message}"
end

# Deletes a key pair in Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2).
#
# Prerequisites:
#
# - The key pair to delete.
#
# @param ec2_client [Aws::EC2::Client] An initialized EC2 client.
# @param key_pair_name [String] The name of the key pair to delete.
# @return [Boolean] true if the key pair was deleted; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless key_pair_deleted?(
#     Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'my-key-pair'
#   )
def key_pair_deleted?(ec2_client, key_pair_name)
  ec2_client.delete_key_pair(key_name: key_pair_name)
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error deleting key pair: #{e.message}"
  false
end

# Example usage:
def run_me
  key_pair_name = ''
  region = ''
  # Print usage information and then stop.
  if ARGV[0] == '--help' || ARGV[0] == '-h'
    puts 'Usage:   ruby ec2-ruby-example-key-pairs.rb KEY_PAIR_NAME REGION'
    puts 'Example: ruby ec2-ruby-example-key-pairs.rb my-key-pair us-west-2'
    exit 1
  # If no values are specified at the command prompt, use these default values.
  # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
  elsif ARGV.count.zero?
    key_pair_name = 'my-key-pair'
    region = 'us-west-2'
  # Otherwise, use the values as specified at the command prompt.
  else
    key_pair_name = ARGV[0]
    region = ARGV[1]
  end

  ec2_client = Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: region)

  puts 'Displaying existing key pair names before creating this key pair...'
  describe_key_pairs(ec2_client)

  puts '-' * 10
  puts 'Creating key pair...'
  unless key_pair_created?(ec2_client, key_pair_name)
    puts 'Stopping program.'
    exit 1
  end

  puts '-' * 10
  puts 'Displaying existing key pair names after creating this key pair...'
  describe_key_pairs(ec2_client)

  puts '-' * 10
  puts 'Deleting key pair...'
  unless key_pair_deleted?(ec2_client, key_pair_name)
    puts 'Stopping program. You must delete the key pair yourself.'
    exit 1
  end
  puts 'Key pair deleted.'

  puts '-' * 10
  puts 'Now that the key pair is deleted, ' \
    'also deleting the related private key pair file...'
  filename = File.join(Dir.home, "#{key_pair_name}.pem")
  File.delete(filename)
  if File.exist?(filename)
    puts "Could not delete file at '#{filename}'. You must delete it yourself."
  else
    puts 'File deleted.'
  end

  puts '-' * 10
  puts 'Displaying existing key pair names after deleting this key pair...'
  describe_key_pairs(ec2_client)
end

run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateKeyPair](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/ec2-2016-11-15/CreateKeyPair)*中的。

### `CreateRouteTable`
<a name="ec2_CreateRouteTable_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateRouteTable`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ec2#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-ec2'

# Prerequisites:
#
# - A VPC in Amazon VPC.
# - A subnet in that VPC.
# - A gateway attached to that subnet.
#
# @param ec2_resource [Aws::EC2::Resource] An initialized
#   Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) resource object.
# @param vpc_id [String] The ID of the VPC for the route table.
# @param subnet_id [String] The ID of the subnet for the route table.
# @param gateway_id [String] The ID of the gateway for the route.
# @param destination_cidr_block [String] The destination CIDR block
#   for the route.
# @param tag_key [String] The key portion of the tag for the route table.
# @param tag_value [String] The value portion of the tag for the route table.
# @return [Boolean] true if the route table was created and associated;
#   otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless route_table_created_and_associated?(
#     Aws::EC2::Resource.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'vpc-0b6f769731EXAMPLE',
#     'subnet-03d9303b57EXAMPLE',
#     'igw-06ca90c011EXAMPLE',
#     '0.0.0.0/0',
#     'my-key',
#     'my-value'
#   )
def route_table_created_and_associated?(
  ec2_resource,
  vpc_id,
  subnet_id,
  gateway_id,
  destination_cidr_block,
  tag_key,
  tag_value
)
  route_table = ec2_resource.create_route_table(vpc_id: vpc_id)
  puts "Created route table with ID '#{route_table.id}'."
  route_table.create_tags(
    tags: [
      {
        key: tag_key,
        value: tag_value
      }
    ]
  )
  puts 'Added tags to route table.'
  route_table.create_route(
    destination_cidr_block: destination_cidr_block,
    gateway_id: gateway_id
  )
  puts 'Created route with destination CIDR block ' \
    "'#{destination_cidr_block}' and associated with gateway " \
    "with ID '#{gateway_id}'."
  route_table.associate_with_subnet(subnet_id: subnet_id)
  puts "Associated route table with subnet with ID '#{subnet_id}'."
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error creating or associating route table: #{e.message}"
  puts 'If the route table was created but not associated, you should ' \
    'clean up by deleting the route table.'
  false
end

# Example usage:
def run_me
  vpc_id = ''
  subnet_id = ''
  gateway_id = ''
  destination_cidr_block = ''
  tag_key = ''
  tag_value = ''
  region = ''
  # Print usage information and then stop.
  if ARGV[0] == '--help' || ARGV[0] == '-h'
    puts 'Usage: ruby ec2-ruby-example-create-route-table.rb ' \
      'VPC_ID SUBNET_ID GATEWAY_ID DESTINATION_CIDR_BLOCK ' \
      'TAG_KEY TAG_VALUE REGION'
    # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
    puts 'Example: ruby ec2-ruby-example-create-route-table.rb ' \
      'vpc-0b6f769731EXAMPLE subnet-03d9303b57EXAMPLE igw-06ca90c011EXAMPLE ' \
      "'0.0.0.0/0' my-key my-value us-west-2"
    exit 1
  # If no values are specified at the command prompt, use these default values.
  elsif ARGV.count.zero?
    vpc_id = 'vpc-0b6f769731EXAMPLE'
    subnet_id = 'subnet-03d9303b57EXAMPLE'
    gateway_id = 'igw-06ca90c011EXAMPLE'
    destination_cidr_block = '0.0.0.0/0'
    tag_key = 'my-key'
    tag_value = 'my-value'
    # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
    region = 'us-west-2'
  # Otherwise, use the values as specified at the command prompt.
  else
    vpc_id = ARGV[0]
    subnet_id = ARGV[1]
    gateway_id = ARGV[2]
    destination_cidr_block = ARGV[3]
    tag_key = ARGV[4]
    tag_value = ARGV[5]
    region = ARGV[6]
  end

  ec2_resource = Aws::EC2::Resource.new(region: region)

  if route_table_created_and_associated?(
    ec2_resource,
    vpc_id,
    subnet_id,
    gateway_id,
    destination_cidr_block,
    tag_key,
    tag_value
  )
    puts 'Route table created and associated.'
  else
    puts 'Route table not created or not associated.'
  end
end

run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateRouteTable](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/ec2-2016-11-15/CreateRouteTable)*中的。

### `CreateSecurityGroup`
<a name="ec2_CreateSecurityGroup_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateSecurityGroup`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ec2#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# This code example does the following:
# 1. Creates an Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) security group.
# 2. Adds inbound rules to the security group.
# 3. Displays information about available security groups.
# 4. Deletes the security group.

require 'aws-sdk-ec2'

# Creates an Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) security group.
#
# Prerequisites:
#
# - A VPC in Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC).
#
# @param ec2_client [Aws::EC2::Client] An initialized
#   Amazon EC2 client.
# @param group_name [String] A name for the security group.
# @param description [String] A description for the security group.
# @param vpc_id [String] The ID of the VPC for the security group.
# @return [String] The ID of security group that was created.
# @example
#   puts create_security_group(
#     Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'my-security-group',
#     'This is my security group.',
#     'vpc-6713dfEX'
#   )
def create_security_group(ec2_client, group_name, description, vpc_id)
  security_group = ec2_client.create_security_group(
    group_name: group_name,
    description: description,
    vpc_id: vpc_id
  )
  puts "Created security group '#{group_name}' with ID " \
    "'#{security_group.group_id}' in VPC with ID '#{vpc_id}'."
  security_group.group_id
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error creating security group: #{e.message}"
  'Error'
end

# Adds an inbound rule to an Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)
# security group.
#
# Prerequisites:
#
# - The security group.
#
# @param ec2_client [Aws::EC2::Client] An initialized Amazon EC2 client.
# @param security_group_id [String] The ID of the security group.
# @param ip_protocol [String] The network protocol for the inbound rule.
# @param from_port [String] The originating port for the inbound rule.
# @param to_port [String] The destination port for the inbound rule.
# @param cidr_ip_range [String] The CIDR IP range for the inbound rule.
# @return
# @example
#   exit 1 unless security_group_ingress_authorized?(
#     Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'sg-030a858e078f1b9EX',
#     'tcp',
#     '80',
#     '80',
#     '0.0.0.0/0'
#   )
def security_group_ingress_authorized?(
  ec2_client, security_group_id, ip_protocol, from_port, to_port, cidr_ip_range
)
  ec2_client.authorize_security_group_ingress(
    group_id: security_group_id,
    ip_permissions: [
      {
        ip_protocol: ip_protocol,
        from_port: from_port,
        to_port: to_port,
        ip_ranges: [
          {
            cidr_ip: cidr_ip_range
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  )
  puts "Added inbound rule to security group '#{security_group_id}' for protocol " \
    "'#{ip_protocol}' from port '#{from_port}' to port '#{to_port}' " \
    "with CIDR IP range '#{cidr_ip_range}'."
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error adding inbound rule to security group: #{e.message}"
  false
end

# Refactored method to simplify complexity for describing security group permissions
def format_port_information(perm)
  from_port_str = perm.from_port == '-1' || perm.from_port == -1 ? 'All' : perm.from_port.to_s
  to_port_str = perm.to_port == '-1' || perm.to_port == -1 ? 'All' : perm.to_port.to_s
  { from_port: from_port_str, to_port: to_port_str }
end

# Displays information about a security group's IP permissions set in
# Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2).
def describe_security_group_permissions(perm)
  ports = format_port_information(perm)

  print "  Protocol: #{perm.ip_protocol == '-1' ? 'All' : perm.ip_protocol}"
  print ", From: #{ports[:from_port]}, To: #{ports[:to_port]}"

  print ", CIDR IPv6: #{perm.ipv_6_ranges[0].cidr_ipv_6}" if perm.key?(:ipv_6_ranges) && perm.ipv_6_ranges.count.positive?

  print ", CIDR IPv4: #{perm.ip_ranges[0].cidr_ip}" if perm.key?(:ip_ranges) && perm.ip_ranges.count.positive?
  print "\n"
end

# Displays information about available security groups in
# Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2).
def describe_security_groups(ec2_client)
  response = ec2_client.describe_security_groups

  if response.security_groups.count.positive?
    response.security_groups.each do |sg|
      display_group_details(sg)
    end
  else
    puts 'No security groups found.'
  end
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error getting information about security groups: #{e.message}"
end

# Helper method to display the details of security groups
def display_group_details(sg)
  puts '-' * (sg.group_name.length + 13)
  puts "Name:        #{sg.group_name}"
  puts "Description: #{sg.description}"
  puts "Group ID:    #{sg.group_id}"
  puts "Owner ID:    #{sg.owner_id}"
  puts "VPC ID:      #{sg.vpc_id}"

  display_group_tags(sg.tags) if sg.tags.count.positive?
  display_group_permissions(sg)
end

def display_group_tags(tags)
  puts 'Tags:'
  tags.each do |tag|
    puts "  Key: #{tag.key}, Value: #{tag.value}"
  end
end

def display_group_permissions(sg)
  if sg.ip_permissions.count.positive?
    puts 'Inbound rules:'
    sg.ip_permissions.each do |p|
      describe_security_group_permissions(p)
    end
  end

  return if sg.ip_permissions_egress.empty?

  puts 'Outbound rules:'
  sg.ip_permissions_egress.each do |p|
    describe_security_group_permissions(p)
  end
end

# Deletes an Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)
# security group.
def security_group_deleted?(ec2_client, security_group_id)
  ec2_client.delete_security_group(group_id: security_group_id)
  puts "Deleted security group '#{security_group_id}'."
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error deleting security group: #{e.message}"
  false
end

# Example usage with refactored run_me to reduce complexity
def run_me
  group_name, description, vpc_id, ip_protocol_http, from_port_http, to_port_http, \
  cidr_ip_range_http, ip_protocol_ssh, from_port_ssh, to_port_ssh, \
  cidr_ip_range_ssh, region = process_arguments
  ec2_client = Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: region)

  security_group_id = attempt_create_security_group(ec2_client, group_name, description, vpc_id)
  security_group_exists = security_group_id != 'Error'

  if security_group_exists
    add_inbound_rules(ec2_client, security_group_id, ip_protocol_http, from_port_http, to_port_http, cidr_ip_range_http)
    add_inbound_rules(ec2_client, security_group_id, ip_protocol_ssh, from_port_ssh, to_port_ssh, cidr_ip_range_ssh)
  end

  describe_security_groups(ec2_client)
  attempt_delete_security_group(ec2_client, security_group_id) if security_group_exists
end

def process_arguments
  if ARGV[0] == '--help' || ARGV[0] == '-h'
    display_help
    exit 1
  elsif ARGV.count.zero?
    default_values
  else
    ARGV
  end
end

def attempt_create_security_group(ec2_client, group_name, description, vpc_id)
  puts 'Attempting to create security group...'
  security_group_id = create_security_group(ec2_client, group_name, description, vpc_id)
  puts 'Could not create security group. Skipping this step.' if security_group_id == 'Error'
  security_group_id
end

def add_inbound_rules(ec2_client, security_group_id, ip_protocol, from_port, to_port, cidr_ip_range)
  puts 'Attempting to add inbound rules to security group...'
  return if security_group_ingress_authorized?(ec2_client, security_group_id, ip_protocol, from_port, to_port,
                                               cidr_ip_range)

  puts 'Could not add inbound rule to security group. Skipping this step.'
end

def attempt_delete_security_group(ec2_client, security_group_id)
  puts "\nAttempting to delete security group..."
  return if security_group_deleted?(ec2_client, security_group_id)

  puts 'Could not delete security group. You must delete it yourself.'
end

def display_help
  puts 'Usage:   ruby ec2-ruby-example-security-group.rb ' \
    'GROUP_NAME DESCRIPTION VPC_ID IP_PROTOCOL_1 FROM_PORT_1 TO_PORT_1 ' \
    'CIDR_IP_RANGE_1 IP_PROTOCOL_2 FROM_PORT_2 TO_PORT_2 ' \
    'CIDR_IP_RANGE_2 REGION'
  puts 'Example: ruby ec2-ruby-example-security-group.rb ' \
    "my-security-group 'This is my security group.' vpc-6713dfEX " \
    "tcp 80 80 '0.0.0.0/0' tcp 22 22 '0.0.0.0/0' us-west-2"
end

def default_values
  [
    'my-security-group', 'This is my security group.', 'vpc-6713dfEX', 'tcp', '80', '80',
    '0.0.0.0/0', 'tcp', '22', '22', '0.0.0.0/0', 'us-west-2'
  ]
end

run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateSecurityGroup](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/ec2-2016-11-15/CreateSecurityGroup)*中的。

### `CreateSubnet`
<a name="ec2_CreateSubnet_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateSubnet`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ec2#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-ec2'

# Creates a subnet within a virtual private cloud (VPC) in
# Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) and then tags
# the subnet.
#
# Prerequisites:
#
# - A VPC in Amazon VPC.
#
# @param ec2_resource [Aws::EC2::Resource] An initialized
#   Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) resource object.
# @param vpc_id [String] The ID of the VPC for the subnet.
# @param cidr_block [String] The IPv4 CIDR block for the subnet.
# @param availability_zone [String] The ID of the Availability Zone
#   for the subnet.
# @param tag_key [String] The key portion of the tag for the subnet.
# @param tag_vlue [String] The value portion of the tag for the subnet.
# @return [Boolean] true if the subnet was created and tagged;
#   otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless subnet_created_and_tagged?(
#     Aws::EC2::Resource.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'vpc-6713dfEX',
#     '10.0.0.0/24',
#     'us-west-2a',
#     'my-key',
#     'my-value'
#   )
def subnet_created_and_tagged?(
  ec2_resource,
  vpc_id,
  cidr_block,
  availability_zone,
  tag_key,
  tag_value
)
  subnet = ec2_resource.create_subnet(
    vpc_id: vpc_id,
    cidr_block: cidr_block,
    availability_zone: availability_zone
  )
  subnet.create_tags(
    tags: [
      {
        key: tag_key,
        value: tag_value
      }
    ]
  )
  puts "Subnet created with ID '#{subnet.id}' in VPC with ID '#{vpc_id}' " \
    "and CIDR block '#{cidr_block}' in availability zone " \
    "'#{availability_zone}' and tagged with key '#{tag_key}' and " \
    "value '#{tag_value}'."
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error creating or tagging subnet: #{e.message}"
  false
end

# Example usage:
def run_me
  vpc_id = ''
  cidr_block = ''
  availability_zone = ''
  tag_key = ''
  tag_value = ''
  region = ''
  # Print usage information and then stop.
  if ARGV[0] == '--help' || ARGV[0] == '-h'
    puts 'Usage:   ruby ec2-ruby-example-create-subnet.rb ' \
      'VPC_ID CIDR_BLOCK AVAILABILITY_ZONE TAG_KEY TAG_VALUE REGION'
    # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
    puts 'Example: ruby ec2-ruby-example-create-subnet.rb ' \
      'vpc-6713dfEX 10.0.0.0/24 us-west-2a my-key my-value us-west-2'
    exit 1
  # If no values are specified at the command prompt, use these default values.
  elsif ARGV.count.zero?
    vpc_id = 'vpc-6713dfEX'
    cidr_block = '10.0.0.0/24'
    availability_zone = 'us-west-2a'
    tag_key = 'my-key'
    tag_value = 'my-value'
    # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
    region = 'us-west-2'
  # Otherwise, use the values as specified at the command prompt.
  else
    vpc_id = ARGV[0]
    cidr_block = ARGV[1]
    availability_zone = ARGV[2]
    tag_key = ARGV[3]
    tag_value = ARGV[4]
    region = ARGV[5]
  end

  ec2_resource = Aws::EC2::Resource.new(region: region)

  if subnet_created_and_tagged?(
    ec2_resource,
    vpc_id,
    cidr_block,
    availability_zone,
    tag_key,
    tag_value
  )
    puts 'Subnet created and tagged.'
  else
    puts 'Subnet not created or not tagged.'
  end
end

run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateSubnet](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/ec2-2016-11-15/CreateSubnet)*中的。

### `CreateVpc`
<a name="ec2_CreateVpc_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateVpc`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ec2#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-ec2'

# Creates a virtual private cloud (VPC) in
# Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) and then tags
# the VPC.
#
# @param ec2_resource [Aws::EC2::Resource] An initialized
#   Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) resource object.
# @param cidr_block [String] The IPv4 CIDR block for the subnet.
# @param tag_key [String] The key portion of the tag for the VPC.
# @param tag_value [String] The value portion of the tag for the VPC.
# @return [Boolean] true if the VPC was created and tagged;
#   otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless vpc_created_and_tagged?(
#     Aws::EC2::Resource.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     '10.0.0.0/24',
#     'my-key',
#     'my-value'
#   )
def vpc_created_and_tagged?(
  ec2_resource,
  cidr_block,
  tag_key,
  tag_value
)
  vpc = ec2_resource.create_vpc(cidr_block: cidr_block)

  # Create a public DNS by enabling DNS support and DNS hostnames.
  vpc.modify_attribute(enable_dns_support: { value: true })
  vpc.modify_attribute(enable_dns_hostnames: { value: true })

  vpc.create_tags(tags: [{ key: tag_key, value: tag_value }])

  puts "Created VPC with ID '#{vpc.id}' and tagged with key " \
    "'#{tag_key}' and value '#{tag_value}'."
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts e.message
  false
end

# Example usage:
def run_me
  cidr_block = ''
  tag_key = ''
  tag_value = ''
  region = ''
  # Print usage information and then stop.
  if ARGV[0] == '--help' || ARGV[0] == '-h'
    puts 'Usage:   ruby ec2-ruby-example-create-vpc.rb ' \
      'CIDR_BLOCK TAG_KEY TAG_VALUE REGION'
    # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
    puts 'Example: ruby ec2-ruby-example-create-vpc.rb ' \
      '10.0.0.0/24 my-key my-value us-west-2'
    exit 1
  # If no values are specified at the command prompt, use these default values.
  elsif ARGV.count.zero?
    cidr_block = '10.0.0.0/24'
    tag_key = 'my-key'
    tag_value = 'my-value'
    # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
    region = 'us-west-2'
  # Otherwise, use the values as specified at the command prompt.
  else
    cidr_block = ARGV[0]
    tag_key = ARGV[1]
    tag_value = ARGV[2]
    region = ARGV[3]
  end

  ec2_resource = Aws::EC2::Resource.new(region: region)

  if vpc_created_and_tagged?(
    ec2_resource,
    cidr_block,
    tag_key,
    tag_value
  )
    puts 'VPC created and tagged.'
  else
    puts 'VPC not created or not tagged.'
  end
end

run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateVpc](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/ec2-2016-11-15/CreateVpc)*中的。

### `DescribeInstances`
<a name="ec2_DescribeInstances_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DescribeInstances`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ec2#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-ec2'

# @param ec2_resource [Aws::EC2::Resource] An initialized EC2 resource object.
# @example
#   list_instance_ids_states(Aws::EC2::Resource.new(region: 'us-west-2'))
def list_instance_ids_states(ec2_resource)
  response = ec2_resource.instances
  if response.count.zero?
    puts 'No instances found.'
  else
    puts 'Instances -- ID, state:'
    response.each do |instance|
      puts "#{instance.id}, #{instance.state.name}"
    end
  end
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error getting information about instances: #{e.message}"
end

# Example usage:
def run_me
  region = ''
  # Print usage information and then stop.
  if ARGV[0] == '--help' || ARGV[0] == '-h'
    puts 'Usage:   ruby ec2-ruby-example-get-all-instance-info.rb REGION'
    # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
    puts 'Example: ruby ec2-ruby-example-get-all-instance-info.rb us-west-2'
    exit 1
  # If no values are specified at the command prompt, use these default values.
  # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
  elsif ARGV.count.zero?
    region = 'us-west-2'
  # Otherwise, use the values as specified at the command prompt.
  else
    region = ARGV[0]
  end
  ec2_resource = Aws::EC2::Resource.new(region: region)
  list_instance_ids_states(ec2_resource)
end

run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DescribeInstances](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/ec2-2016-11-15/DescribeInstances)*中的。

### `DescribeRegions`
<a name="ec2_DescribeRegions_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DescribeRegions`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ec2#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-ec2'

# @param ec2_client [Aws::EC2::Client] An initialized EC2 client.
# @example
#   list_regions_endpoints(Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'))
def list_regions_endpoints(ec2_client)
  result = ec2_client.describe_regions
  # Enable pretty printing.
  max_region_string_length = 16
  max_endpoint_string_length = 33
  # Print header.
  print 'Region'
  print ' ' * (max_region_string_length - 'Region'.length)
  print "  Endpoint\n"
  print '-' * max_region_string_length
  print '  '
  print '-' * max_endpoint_string_length
  print "\n"
  # Print Regions and their endpoints.
  result.regions.each do |region|
    print region.region_name
    print ' ' * (max_region_string_length - region.region_name.length)
    print '  '
    print region.endpoint
    print "\n"
  end
end

# Displays a list of Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)
# Availability Zones available to you depending on the AWS Region
# of the Amazon EC2 client.
#
# @param ec2_client [Aws::EC2::Client] An initialized EC2 client.
# @example
#   list_availability_zones(Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'))
def list_availability_zones(ec2_client)
  result = ec2_client.describe_availability_zones
  # Enable pretty printing.
  max_region_string_length = 16
  max_zone_string_length = 18
  max_state_string_length = 9
  # Print header.
  print 'Region'
  print ' ' * (max_region_string_length - 'Region'.length)
  print '  Zone'
  print ' ' * (max_zone_string_length - 'Zone'.length)
  print "  State\n"
  print '-' * max_region_string_length
  print '  '
  print '-' * max_zone_string_length
  print '  '
  print '-' * max_state_string_length
  print "\n"
  # Print Regions, Availability Zones, and their states.
  result.availability_zones.each do |zone|
    print zone.region_name
    print ' ' * (max_region_string_length - zone.region_name.length)
    print '  '
    print zone.zone_name
    print ' ' * (max_zone_string_length - zone.zone_name.length)
    print '  '
    print zone.state
    # Print any messages for this Availability Zone.
    if zone.messages.count.positive?
      print "\n"
      puts '  Messages for this zone:'
      zone.messages.each do |message|
        print "    #{message.message}\n"
      end
    end
    print "\n"
  end
end

# Example usage:
def run_me
  region = ''
  # Print usage information and then stop.
  if ARGV[0] == '--help' || ARGV[0] == '-h'
    puts 'Usage:   ruby ec2-ruby-example-regions-availability-zones.rb REGION'
    # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
    puts 'Example: ruby ec2-ruby-example-regions-availability-zones.rb us-west-2'
    exit 1
  # If no values are specified at the command prompt, use these default values.
  # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
  elsif ARGV.count.zero?
    region = 'us-west-2'
  # Otherwise, use the values as specified at the command prompt.
  else
    region = ARGV[0]
  end

  ec2_client = Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: region)

  puts 'AWS Regions for Amazon EC2 that are available to you:'
  list_regions_endpoints(ec2_client)
  puts "\n\nAmazon EC2 Availability Zones that are available to you for AWS Region '#{region}':"
  list_availability_zones(ec2_client)
end

run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DescribeRegions](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/ec2-2016-11-15/DescribeRegions)*中的。

### `ReleaseAddress`
<a name="ec2_ReleaseAddress_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ReleaseAddress`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ec2#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Releases an Elastic IP address from an
# Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instance.
#
# Prerequisites:
#
# - An Amazon EC2 instance with an associated Elastic IP address.
#
# @param ec2_client [Aws::EC2::Client] An initialized EC2 client.
# @param allocation_id [String] The ID of the allocation corresponding to
#   the Elastic IP address.
# @return [Boolean] true if the Elastic IP address was released;
#   otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless elastic_ip_address_released?(
#     Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'eipalloc-04452e528a66279EX'
#   )
def elastic_ip_address_released?(ec2_client, allocation_id)
  ec2_client.release_address(allocation_id: allocation_id)
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts("Error releasing Elastic IP address: #{e.message}")
  false
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ReleaseAddress](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/ec2-2016-11-15/ReleaseAddress)*中的。

### `StartInstances`
<a name="ec2_StartInstances_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `StartInstances`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ec2#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-ec2'

# Attempts to start an Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instance.
#
# Prerequisites:
#
# - The Amazon EC2 instance.
#
# @param ec2_client [Aws::EC2::Client] An initialized EC2 client.
# @param instance_id [String] The ID of the instance.
# @return [Boolean] true if the instance was started; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless instance_started?(
#     Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'i-123abc'
#   )
def instance_started?(ec2_client, instance_id)
  response = ec2_client.describe_instance_status(instance_ids: [instance_id])

  if response.instance_statuses.count.positive?
    state = response.instance_statuses[0].instance_state.name
    case state
    when 'pending'
      puts 'Error starting instance: the instance is pending. Try again later.'
      return false
    when 'running'
      puts 'The instance is already running.'
      return true
    when 'terminated'
      puts 'Error starting instance: ' \
        'the instance is terminated, so you cannot start it.'
      return false
    end
  end

  ec2_client.start_instances(instance_ids: [instance_id])
  ec2_client.wait_until(:instance_running, instance_ids: [instance_id])
  puts 'Instance started.'
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error starting instance: #{e.message}"
  false
end

# Example usage:
def run_me
  instance_id = ''
  region = ''
  # Print usage information and then stop.
  if ARGV[0] == '--help' || ARGV[0] == '-h'
    puts 'Usage:   ruby ec2-ruby-example-start-instance-i-123abc.rb ' \
      'INSTANCE_ID REGION '
    # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
    puts 'Example: ruby ec2-ruby-example-start-instance-i-123abc.rb ' \
      'i-123abc us-west-2'
    exit 1
  # If no values are specified at the command prompt, use these default values.
  # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
  elsif ARGV.count.zero?
    instance_id = 'i-123abc'
    region = 'us-west-2'
  # Otherwise, use the values as specified at the command prompt.
  else
    instance_id = ARGV[0]
    region = ARGV[1]
  end

  ec2_client = Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: region)

  puts "Attempting to start instance '#{instance_id}' " \
    '(this might take a few minutes)...'
  return if instance_started?(ec2_client, instance_id)

  puts 'Could not start instance.'
end

run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[StartInstances](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/ec2-2016-11-15/StartInstances)*中的。

### `StopInstances`
<a name="ec2_StopInstances_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `StopInstances`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ec2#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-ec2'

# Prerequisites:
#
# - The Amazon EC2 instance.
#
# @param ec2_client [Aws::EC2::Client] An initialized EC2 client.
# @param instance_id [String] The ID of the instance.
# @return [Boolean] true if the instance was stopped; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless instance_stopped?(
#     Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'i-123abc'
#   )
def instance_stopped?(ec2_client, instance_id)
  response = ec2_client.describe_instance_status(instance_ids: [instance_id])

  if response.instance_statuses.count.positive?
    state = response.instance_statuses[0].instance_state.name
    case state
    when 'stopping'
      puts 'The instance is already stopping.'
      return true
    when 'stopped'
      puts 'The instance is already stopped.'
      return true
    when 'terminated'
      puts 'Error stopping instance: ' \
        'the instance is terminated, so you cannot stop it.'
      return false
    end
  end

  ec2_client.stop_instances(instance_ids: [instance_id])
  ec2_client.wait_until(:instance_stopped, instance_ids: [instance_id])
  puts 'Instance stopped.'
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error stopping instance: #{e.message}"
  false
end

# Example usage:
def run_me
  instance_id = ''
  region = ''
  # Print usage information and then stop.
  if ARGV[0] == '--help' || ARGV[0] == '-h'
    puts 'Usage:   ruby ec2-ruby-example-stop-instance-i-123abc.rb ' \
      'INSTANCE_ID REGION '
    # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
    puts 'Example: ruby ec2-ruby-example-start-instance-i-123abc.rb ' \
      'i-123abc us-west-2'
    exit 1
  # If no values are specified at the command prompt, use these default values.
  # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
  elsif ARGV.count.zero?
    instance_id = 'i-123abc'
    region = 'us-west-2'
  # Otherwise, use the values as specified at the command prompt.
  else
    instance_id = ARGV[0]
    region = ARGV[1]
  end

  ec2_client = Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: region)

  puts "Attempting to stop instance '#{instance_id}' " \
    '(this might take a few minutes)...'
  return if instance_stopped?(ec2_client, instance_id)

  puts 'Could not stop instance.'
end

run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[StopInstances](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/ec2-2016-11-15/StopInstances)*中的。

### `TerminateInstances`
<a name="ec2_TerminateInstances_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `TerminateInstances`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ec2#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-ec2'

# Prerequisites:
#
# - The Amazon EC2 instance.
#
# @param ec2_client [Aws::EC2::Client] An initialized EC2 client.
# @param instance_id [String] The ID of the instance.
# @return [Boolean] true if the instance was terminated; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless instance_terminated?(
#     Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'i-123abc'
#   )
def instance_terminated?(ec2_client, instance_id)
  response = ec2_client.describe_instance_status(instance_ids: [instance_id])

  if response.instance_statuses.count.positive? &&
     response.instance_statuses[0].instance_state.name == 'terminated'

    puts 'The instance is already terminated.'
    return true
  end

  ec2_client.terminate_instances(instance_ids: [instance_id])
  ec2_client.wait_until(:instance_terminated, instance_ids: [instance_id])
  puts 'Instance terminated.'
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error terminating instance: #{e.message}"
  false
end

# Example usage:
def run_me
  instance_id = ''
  region = ''
  # Print usage information and then stop.
  if ARGV[0] == '--help' || ARGV[0] == '-h'
    puts 'Usage:   ruby ec2-ruby-example-terminate-instance-i-123abc.rb ' \
      'INSTANCE_ID REGION '
    # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
    puts 'Example: ruby ec2-ruby-example-terminate-instance-i-123abc.rb ' \
      'i-123abc us-west-2'
    exit 1
  # If no values are specified at the command prompt, use these default values.
  # Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon EC2.
  elsif ARGV.count.zero?
    instance_id = 'i-123abc'
    region = 'us-west-2'
  # Otherwise, use the values as specified at the command prompt.
  else
    instance_id = ARGV[0]
    region = ARGV[1]
  end

  ec2_client = Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: region)

  puts "Attempting to terminate instance '#{instance_id}' " \
    '(this might take a few minutes)...'
  return if instance_terminated?(ec2_client, instance_id)

  puts 'Could not terminate instance.'
end

run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[TerminateInstances](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/ec2-2016-11-15/TerminateInstances)*中的。

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Elastic Beanstalk 示例
<a name="ruby_elastic-beanstalk_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何在 Elastic Beanstalk 中 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [操作](#actions)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `DescribeApplications`
<a name="elastic-beanstalk_DescribeApplications_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DescribeApplications`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/elasticbeanstalk#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Class to manage Elastic Beanstalk applications
class ElasticBeanstalkManager
  def initialize(eb_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @eb_client = eb_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Lists applications and their environments
  def list_applications
    @eb_client.describe_applications.applications.each do |application|
      log_application_details(application)
      list_environments(application.application_name)
    end
  rescue Aws::ElasticBeanstalk::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Elastic Beanstalk Service Error: #{e.message}")
  end

  private

  # Logs application details
  def log_application_details(application)
    @logger.info("Name:        #{application.application_name}")
    @logger.info("Description: #{application.description}")
  end

  # Lists and logs details of environments for a given application
  def list_environments(application_name)
    @eb_client.describe_environments(application_name: application_name).environments.each do |env|
      @logger.info("  Environment:  #{env.environment_name}")
      @logger.info("    URL:        #{env.cname}")
      @logger.info("    Health:     #{env.health}")
    end
  rescue Aws::ElasticBeanstalk::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing environments for application #{application_name}: #{e.message}")
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DescribeApplications](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/elastic-beanstalk-2010-12-01/DescribeApplications)*中的。

### `ListAvailableSolutionStacks`
<a name="elastic-beanstalk_ListAvailableSolutionStacks_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListAvailableSolutionStacks`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/elasticbeanstalk#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Manages listing of AWS Elastic Beanstalk solution stacks
# @param [Aws::ElasticBeanstalk::Client] eb_client
# @param [String] filter - Returns subset of results based on match
# @param [Logger] logger
class StackLister
  # Initialize with AWS Elastic Beanstalk client
  def initialize(eb_client, filter, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @eb_client = eb_client
    @filter = filter.downcase
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Lists and logs Elastic Beanstalk solution stacks
  def list_stacks
    stacks = @eb_client.list_available_solution_stacks.solution_stacks
    orig_length = stacks.length
    filtered_length = 0

    stacks.each do |stack|
      if @filter.empty? || stack.downcase.include?(@filter)
        @logger.info(stack)
        filtered_length += 1
      end
    end

    log_summary(filtered_length, orig_length)
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing solution stacks: #{e.message}")
  end

  private

  # Logs summary of listed stacks
  def log_summary(filtered_length, orig_length)
    if @filter.empty?
      @logger.info("Showed #{orig_length} stack(s)")
    else
      @logger.info("Showed #{filtered_length} stack(s) of #{orig_length}")
    end
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListAvailableSolutionStacks](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/elastic-beanstalk-2010-12-01/ListAvailableSolutionStacks)*中的。

### `UpdateApplication`
<a name="elastic-beanstalk_UpdateApplication_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `UpdateApplication`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/elasticbeanstalk#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Manages deployment of Rails applications to AWS Elastic Beanstalk
class RailsAppDeployer
  def initialize(eb_client, s3_client, app_name, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @eb_client = eb_client
    @s3_client = s3_client
    @app_name = app_name
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Deploys the latest application version to Elastic Beanstalk
  def deploy
    create_storage_location
    zip_file_name = create_zip_file
    upload_zip_to_s3(zip_file_name)
    create_and_deploy_new_application_version(zip_file_name)
  end

  private

  # Creates a new S3 storage location for the application
  def create_storage_location
    resp = @eb_client.create_storage_location
    @logger.info("Created storage location in bucket #{resp.s3_bucket}")
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Failed to create storage location: #{e.message}")
  end

  # Creates a ZIP file of the application using git
  def create_zip_file
    zip_file_basename = SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64
    zip_file_name = "#{zip_file_basename}.zip"
    `git archive --format=zip -o #{zip_file_name} HEAD`
    zip_file_name
  end

  # Uploads the ZIP file to the S3 bucket
  def upload_zip_to_s3(zip_file_name)
    zip_contents = File.read(zip_file_name)
    key = "#{@app_name}/#{zip_file_name}"
    @s3_client.put_object(body: zip_contents, bucket: fetch_bucket_name, key: key)
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Failed to upload ZIP file to S3: #{e.message}")
  end

  # Fetches the S3 bucket name from Elastic Beanstalk application versions
  def fetch_bucket_name
    app_versions = @eb_client.describe_application_versions(application_name: @app_name)
    av = app_versions.application_versions.first
    av.source_bundle.s3_bucket
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Failed to fetch bucket name: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Creates a new application version and deploys it
  def create_and_deploy_new_application_version(zip_file_name)
    version_label = File.basename(zip_file_name, '.zip')
    @eb_client.create_application_version(
      process: false,
      application_name: @app_name,
      version_label: version_label,
      source_bundle: {
        s3_bucket: fetch_bucket_name,
        s3_key: "#{@app_name}/#{zip_file_name}"
      },
      description: "Updated #{Time.now.strftime('%d/%m/%Y')}"
    )
    update_environment(version_label)
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Failed to create or deploy application version: #{e.message}")
  end

  # Updates the environment to the new application version
  def update_environment(version_label)
    env_name = fetch_environment_name
    @eb_client.update_environment(
      environment_name: env_name,
      version_label: version_label
    )
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Failed to update environment: #{e.message}")
  end

  # Fetches the environment name of the application
  def fetch_environment_name
    envs = @eb_client.describe_environments(application_name: @app_name)
    envs.environments.first.environment_name
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Failed to fetch environment name: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[UpdateApplication](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/elastic-beanstalk-2010-12-01/UpdateApplication)*中的。

# EventBridge 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的示例
<a name="ruby_eventbridge_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用with来执行操作和实现常见场景 EventBridge。 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 

*场景*是向您演示如何通过在一个服务中调用多个函数或与其他 AWS 服务结合来完成特定任务的代码示例。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [场景](#scenarios)

## 场景
<a name="scenarios"></a>

### 创建并触发规则
<a name="eventbridge_Scenario_createAndTriggerARule_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何在 Amazon 中创建和触发规则 EventBridge。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/eventbridge#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
按照正确的顺序调用函数。  

```
require 'aws-sdk-sns'
require 'aws-sdk-iam'
require 'aws-sdk-cloudwatchevents'
require 'aws-sdk-ec2'
require 'aws-sdk-cloudwatch'
require 'aws-sdk-cloudwatchlogs'
require 'securerandom'
```
检查为该函数提供的主题中是否存在指定的 Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) 主题。  

```
# Checks whether the specified Amazon SNS
# topic exists among those provided to this function.
# This is a helper function that is called by the topic_exists? function.
#
# @param topics [Array] An array of Aws::SNS::Types::Topic objects.
# @param topic_arn [String] The ARN of the topic to find.
# @return [Boolean] true if the topic ARN was found; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   sns_client = Aws::SNS::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
#   response = sns_client.list_topics
#   if topic_found?(
#     response.topics,
#     'arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:111111111111:aws-doc-sdk-examples-topic'
#   )
#     puts 'Topic found.'
#   end
def topic_found?(topics, topic_arn)
  topics.each do |topic|
    return true if topic.topic_arn == topic_arn
  end
  false
end
```
检查 Amazon SNS 中可供调用方使用的主题中，是否存在指定主题。  

```
# Checks whether the specified topic exists among those available to the
# caller in Amazon SNS.
#
# @param sns_client [Aws::SNS::Client] An initialized Amazon SNS client.
# @param topic_arn [String] The ARN of the topic to find.
# @return [Boolean] true if the topic ARN was found; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless topic_exists?(
#     Aws::SNS::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     'arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:111111111111:aws-doc-sdk-examples-topic'
#   )
def topic_exists?(sns_client, topic_arn)
  puts "Searching for topic with ARN '#{topic_arn}'..."
  response = sns_client.list_topics
  if response.topics.count.positive?
    if topic_found?(response.topics, topic_arn)
      puts 'Topic found.'
      return true
    end
    while response.next_page?
      response = response.next_page
      next unless response.topics.count.positive?

      if topic_found?(response.topics, topic_arn)
        puts 'Topic found.'
        return true
      end
    end
  end
  puts 'Topic not found.'
  false
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Topic not found: #{e.message}"
  false
end
```
在 Amazon SNS 中创建主题，然后订阅一个电子邮件地址，以接收有关该主题的通知。  

```
# Creates a topic in Amazon SNS
# and then subscribes an email address to receive notifications to that topic.
#
# @param sns_client [Aws::SNS::Client] An initialized Amazon SNS client.
# @param topic_name [String] The name of the topic to create.
# @param email_address [String] The email address of the recipient to notify.
# @return [String] The ARN of the topic that was created.
# @example
#   puts create_topic(
#     Aws::SNS::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     'aws-doc-sdk-examples-topic',
#     'mary@example.com'
#   )
def create_topic(sns_client, topic_name, email_address)
  puts "Creating the topic named '#{topic_name}'..."
  topic_response = sns_client.create_topic(name: topic_name)
  puts "Topic created with ARN '#{topic_response.topic_arn}'."
  subscription_response = sns_client.subscribe(
    topic_arn: topic_response.topic_arn,
    protocol: 'email',
    endpoint: email_address,
    return_subscription_arn: true
  )
  puts 'Subscription created with ARN ' \
    "'#{subscription_response.subscription_arn}'. Have the owner of the " \
    "email address '#{email_address}' check their inbox in a few minutes " \
    'and confirm the subscription to start receiving notification emails.'
  topic_response.topic_arn
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error creating or subscribing to topic: #{e.message}"
  'Error'
end
```
检查为该函数提供的角色中是否存在指定的 AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) 角色。  

```
# Checks whether the specified AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)
# role exists among those provided to this function.
# This is a helper function that is called by the role_exists? function.
#
# @param roles [Array] An array of Aws::IAM::Role objects.
# @param role_arn [String] The ARN of the role to find.
# @return [Boolean] true if the role ARN was found; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   iam_client = Aws::IAM::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
#   response = iam_client.list_roles
#   if role_found?(
#     response.roles,
#     'arn:aws:iam::111111111111:role/aws-doc-sdk-examples-ec2-state-change'
#   )
#     puts 'Role found.'
#   end
def role_found?(roles, role_arn)
  roles.each do |role|
    return true if role.arn == role_arn
  end
  false
end
```
检查 IAM 中可供调用方使用的角色中，是否存在指定角色。  

```
# Checks whether the specified role exists among those available to the
# caller in AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM).
#
# @param iam_client [Aws::IAM::Client] An initialized IAM client.
# @param role_arn [String] The ARN of the role to find.
# @return [Boolean] true if the role ARN was found; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless role_exists?(
#     Aws::IAM::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     'arn:aws:iam::111111111111:role/aws-doc-sdk-examples-ec2-state-change'
#   )
def role_exists?(iam_client, role_arn)
  puts "Searching for role with ARN '#{role_arn}'..."
  response = iam_client.list_roles
  if response.roles.count.positive?
    if role_found?(response.roles, role_arn)
      puts 'Role found.'
      return true
    end
    while response.next_page?
      response = response.next_page
      next unless response.roles.count.positive?

      if role_found?(response.roles, role_arn)
        puts 'Role found.'
        return true
      end
    end
  end
  puts 'Role not found.'
  false
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Role not found: #{e.message}"
  false
end
```
在 IAM 中创建一个角色。  

```
# Creates a role in AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM).
# This role is used by a rule in Amazon EventBridge to allow
# that rule to operate within the caller's account.
# This role is designed to be used specifically by this code example.
#
# @param iam_client [Aws::IAM::Client] An initialized IAM client.
# @param role_name [String] The name of the role to create.
# @return [String] The ARN of the role that was created.
# @example
#   puts create_role(
#     Aws::IAM::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     'aws-doc-sdk-examples-ec2-state-change'
#   )
def create_role(iam_client, role_name)
  puts "Creating the role named '#{role_name}'..."
  response = iam_client.create_role(
    assume_role_policy_document: {
      'Version': '2012-10-17',
      'Statement': [
        {
          'Sid': '',
          'Effect': 'Allow',
          'Principal': {
            'Service': 'events.amazonaws.com'
          },
          'Action': 'sts:AssumeRole'
        }
      ]
    }.to_json,
    path: '/',
    role_name: role_name
  )
  puts "Role created with ARN '#{response.role.arn}'."
  puts 'Adding access policy to role...'
  iam_client.put_role_policy(
    policy_document: {
      'Version': '2012-10-17',
      'Statement': [
        {
          'Sid': 'CloudWatchEventsFullAccess',
          'Effect': 'Allow',
          'Resource': '*',
          'Action': 'events:*'
        },
        {
          'Sid': 'IAMPassRoleForCloudWatchEvents',
          'Effect': 'Allow',
          'Resource': 'arn:aws:iam::*:role/AWS_Events_Invoke_Targets',
          'Action': 'iam:PassRole'
        }
      ]
    }.to_json,
    policy_name: 'CloudWatchEventsPolicy',
    role_name: role_name
  )
  puts 'Access policy added to role.'
  response.role.arn
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error creating role or adding policy to it: #{e.message}"
  puts 'If the role was created, you must add the access policy ' \
    'to the role yourself, or delete the role yourself and try again.'
  'Error'
end
```
检查为该函数提供的 EventBridge 规则中是否存在指定的规则。  

```
# Checks whether the specified Amazon EventBridge rule exists among
# those provided to this function.
# This is a helper function that is called by the rule_exists? function.
#
# @param rules [Array] An array of Aws::CloudWatchEvents::Types::Rule objects.
# @param rule_arn [String] The name of the rule to find.
# @return [Boolean] true if the name of the rule was found; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   cloudwatchevents_client = Aws::CloudWatch::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
#   response = cloudwatchevents_client.list_rules
#   if rule_found?(response.rules, 'aws-doc-sdk-examples-ec2-state-change')
#     puts 'Rule found.'
#   end
def rule_found?(rules, rule_name)
  rules.each do |rule|
    return true if rule.name == rule_name
  end
  false
end
```
检查指定规则是否存在于中调用者可用的规则中 EventBridge。  

```
# Checks whether the specified rule exists among those available to the
# caller in Amazon EventBridge.
#
# @param cloudwatchevents_client [Aws::CloudWatchEvents::Client]
#   An initialized Amazon EventBridge client.
# @param rule_name [String] The name of the rule to find.
# @return [Boolean] true if the rule name was found; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless rule_exists?(
#     Aws::CloudWatch::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
#     'aws-doc-sdk-examples-ec2-state-change'
#   )
def rule_exists?(cloudwatchevents_client, rule_name)
  puts "Searching for rule with name '#{rule_name}'..."
  response = cloudwatchevents_client.list_rules
  if response.rules.count.positive?
    if rule_found?(response.rules, rule_name)
      puts 'Rule found.'
      return true
    end
    while response.next_page?
      response = response.next_page
      next unless response.rules.count.positive?

      if rule_found?(response.rules, rule_name)
        puts 'Rule found.'
        return true
      end
    end
  end
  puts 'Rule not found.'
  false
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Rule not found: #{e.message}"
  false
end
```
在中创建规则 EventBridge。  

```
# Creates a rule in Amazon EventBridge.
# This rule is triggered whenever an available instance in
# Amazon EC2 changes to the specified state.
# This rule is designed to be used specifically by this code example.
#
# Prerequisites:
#
# - A role in AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) that is designed
#   to be used specifically by this code example.
# - A topic in Amazon SNS.
#
# @param cloudwatchevents_client [Aws::CloudWatchEvents::Client]
#   An initialized Amazon EventBridge client.
# @param rule_name [String] The name of the rule to create.
# @param rule_description [String] Some description for this rule.
# @param instance_state [String] The state that available instances in
#   Amazon EC2 must change to, to
#   trigger this rule.
# @param role_arn [String] The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role.
# @param target_id [String] Some identifying string for the rule's target.
# @param topic_arn [String] The ARN of the Amazon SNS topic.
# @return [Boolean] true if the rule was created; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless rule_created?(
#     Aws::CloudWatch::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     'aws-doc-sdk-examples-ec2-state-change',
#     'Triggers when any available EC2 instance starts.',
#     'running',
#     'arn:aws:iam::111111111111:role/aws-doc-sdk-examples-ec2-state-change',
#     'sns-topic',
#     'arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:111111111111:aws-doc-sdk-examples-topic'
#   )
def rule_created?(
  cloudwatchevents_client,
  rule_name,
  rule_description,
  instance_state,
  role_arn,
  target_id,
  topic_arn
)
  puts "Creating rule with name '#{rule_name}'..."
  put_rule_response = cloudwatchevents_client.put_rule(
    name: rule_name,
    description: rule_description,
    event_pattern: {
      'source': [
        'aws.ec2'
      ],
      'detail-type': [
        'EC2 Instance State-change Notification'
      ],
      'detail': {
        'state': [
          instance_state
        ]
      }
    }.to_json,
    state: 'ENABLED',
    role_arn: role_arn
  )
  puts "Rule created with ARN '#{put_rule_response.rule_arn}'."

  put_targets_response = cloudwatchevents_client.put_targets(
    rule: rule_name,
    targets: [
      {
        id: target_id,
        arn: topic_arn
      }
    ]
  )
  if put_targets_response.key?(:failed_entry_count) &&
     put_targets_response.failed_entry_count.positive?
    puts 'Error(s) adding target to rule:'
    put_targets_response.failed_entries.each do |failure|
      puts failure.error_message
    end
    false
  else
    true
  end
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error creating rule or adding target to rule: #{e.message}"
  puts 'If the rule was created, you must add the target ' \
    'to the rule yourself, or delete the rule yourself and try again.'
  false
end
```
在 Amazon Logs 中查看调用者可用的日志组中是否存在指定的 CloudWatch 日志组。  

```
# Checks to see whether the specified log group exists among those available
# to the caller in Amazon CloudWatch Logs.
#
# @param cloudwatchlogs_client [Aws::CloudWatchLogs::Client] An initialized
#   Amazon CloudWatch Logs client.
# @param log_group_name [String] The name of the log group to find.
# @return [Boolean] true if the log group name was found; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless log_group_exists?(
#     Aws::CloudWatchLogs::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     'aws-doc-sdk-examples-cloudwatch-log'
#   )
def log_group_exists?(cloudwatchlogs_client, log_group_name)
  puts "Searching for log group with name '#{log_group_name}'..."
  response = cloudwatchlogs_client.describe_log_groups(
    log_group_name_prefix: log_group_name
  )
  if response.log_groups.count.positive?
    response.log_groups.each do |log_group|
      if log_group.log_group_name == log_group_name
        puts 'Log group found.'
        return true
      end
    end
  end
  puts 'Log group not found.'
  false
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Log group not found: #{e.message}"
  false
end
```
在 “日志” 中创建 CloudWatch 日志组。  

```
# Creates a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs.
#
# @param cloudwatchlogs_client [Aws::CloudWatchLogs::Client] An initialized
#   Amazon CloudWatch Logs client.
# @param log_group_name [String] The name of the log group to create.
# @return [Boolean] true if the log group name was created; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless log_group_created?(
#     Aws::CloudWatchLogs::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     'aws-doc-sdk-examples-cloudwatch-log'
#   )
def log_group_created?(cloudwatchlogs_client, log_group_name)
  puts "Attempting to create log group with the name '#{log_group_name}'..."
  cloudwatchlogs_client.create_log_group(log_group_name: log_group_name)
  puts 'Log group created.'
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error creating log group: #{e.message}"
  false
end
```
在 Logs 中将事件写入 CloudWatch 日志流。  

```
# Writes an event to a log stream in Amazon CloudWatch Logs.
#
# Prerequisites:
#
# - A log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs.
# - A log stream within the log group.
#
# @param cloudwatchlogs_client [Aws::CloudWatchLogs::Client] An initialized
#   Amazon CloudWatch Logs client.
# @param log_group_name [String] The name of the log group.
# @param log_stream_name [String] The name of the log stream within
#   the log group.
# @param message [String] The message to write to the log stream.
# @param sequence_token [String] If available, the sequence token from the
#   message that was written immediately before this message. This sequence
#   token is returned by Amazon CloudWatch Logs whenever you programmatically
#   write a message to the log stream.
# @return [String] The sequence token that is returned by
#   Amazon CloudWatch Logs after successfully writing the message to the
#   log stream.
# @example
#   puts log_event(
#     Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     'aws-doc-sdk-examples-cloudwatch-log'
#     '2020/11/19/53f985be-199f-408e-9a45-fc242df41fEX',
#     "Instance 'i-033c48ef067af3dEX' restarted.",
#     '495426724868310740095796045676567882148068632824696073EX'
#   )
def log_event(
  cloudwatchlogs_client,
  log_group_name,
  log_stream_name,
  message,
  sequence_token
)
  puts "Attempting to log '#{message}' to log stream '#{log_stream_name}'..."
  event = {
    log_group_name: log_group_name,
    log_stream_name: log_stream_name,
    log_events: [
      {
        timestamp: (Time.now.utc.to_f.round(3) * 1_000).to_i,
        message: message
      }
    ]
  }
  event[:sequence_token] = sequence_token unless sequence_token.empty?

  response = cloudwatchlogs_client.put_log_events(event)
  puts 'Message logged.'
  response.next_sequence_token
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Message not logged: #{e.message}"
end
```
重启亚马逊弹性计算云 (Amazon EC2) 实例，并将有关相关活动的信息添加到日志中的 CloudWatch 日志流中。  

```
# Restarts an Amazon EC2 instance
# and adds information about the related activity to a log stream
# in Amazon CloudWatch Logs.
#
# Prerequisites:
#
# - The Amazon EC2 instance to restart.
# - The log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs to add related activity
#   information to.
#
# @param ec2_client [Aws::EC2::Client] An initialized Amazon EC2 client.
# @param cloudwatchlogs_client [Aws::CloudWatchLogs::Client]
#   An initialized Amazon CloudWatch Logs client.
# @param instance_id [String] The ID of the instance.
# @param log_group_name [String] The name of the log group.
# @return [Boolean] true if the instance was restarted and the information
#   was written to the log stream; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless instance_restarted?(
#     Aws::EC2::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     Aws::CloudWatchLogs::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     'i-033c48ef067af3dEX',
#     'aws-doc-sdk-examples-cloudwatch-log'
#   )
def instance_restarted?(
  ec2_client,
  cloudwatchlogs_client,
  instance_id,
  log_group_name
)
  log_stream_name = "#{Time.now.year}/#{Time.now.month}/#{Time.now.day}/" \
    "#{SecureRandom.uuid}"
  cloudwatchlogs_client.create_log_stream(
    log_group_name: log_group_name,
    log_stream_name: log_stream_name
  )
  sequence_token = ''

  puts "Attempting to stop the instance with the ID '#{instance_id}'. " \
    'This might take a few minutes...'
  ec2_client.stop_instances(instance_ids: [instance_id])
  ec2_client.wait_until(:instance_stopped, instance_ids: [instance_id])
  puts 'Instance stopped.'
  sequence_token = log_event(
    cloudwatchlogs_client,
    log_group_name,
    log_stream_name,
    "Instance '#{instance_id}' stopped.",
    sequence_token
  )

  puts 'Attempting to restart the instance. This might take a few minutes...'
  ec2_client.start_instances(instance_ids: [instance_id])
  ec2_client.wait_until(:instance_running, instance_ids: [instance_id])
  puts 'Instance restarted.'
  sequence_token = log_event(
    cloudwatchlogs_client,
    log_group_name,
    log_stream_name,
    "Instance '#{instance_id}' restarted.",
    sequence_token
  )

  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts 'Error creating log stream or stopping or restarting the instance: ' \
    "#{e.message}"
  log_event(
    cloudwatchlogs_client,
    log_group_name,
    log_stream_name,
    "Error stopping or starting instance '#{instance_id}': #{e.message}",
    sequence_token
  )
  false
end
```
显示有关中规则活动的信息 EventBridge。  

```
# Displays information about activity for a rule in Amazon EventBridge.
#
# Prerequisites:
#
# - A rule in Amazon EventBridge.
#
# @param cloudwatch_client [Amazon::CloudWatch::Client] An initialized
#   Amazon CloudWatch client.
# @param rule_name [String] The name of the rule.
# @param start_time [Time] The timestamp that determines the first datapoint
#   to return. Can also be expressed as DateTime, Date, Integer, or String.
# @param end_time [Time] The timestamp that determines the last datapoint
#   to return. Can also be expressed as DateTime, Date, Integer, or String.
# @param period [Integer] The interval, in seconds, to check for activity.
# @example
#   display_rule_activity(
#     Aws::CloudWatch::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     'aws-doc-sdk-examples-ec2-state-change',
#     Time.now - 600, # Start checking from 10 minutes ago.
#     Time.now, # Check up until now.
#     60 # Check every minute during those 10 minutes.
#   )
def display_rule_activity(
  cloudwatch_client,
  rule_name,
  start_time,
  end_time,
  period
)
  puts 'Attempting to display rule activity...'
  response = cloudwatch_client.get_metric_statistics(
    namespace: 'AWS/Events',
    metric_name: 'Invocations',
    dimensions: [
      {
        name: 'RuleName',
        value: rule_name
      }
    ],
    start_time: start_time,
    end_time: end_time,
    period: period,
    statistics: ['Sum'],
    unit: 'Count'
  )

  if response.key?(:datapoints) && response.datapoints.count.positive?
    puts "The event rule '#{rule_name}' was triggered:"
    response.datapoints.each do |datapoint|
      puts "  #{datapoint.sum} time(s) at #{datapoint.timestamp}"
    end
  else
    puts "The event rule '#{rule_name}' was not triggered during the " \
      'specified time period.'
  end
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error getting information about event rule activity: #{e.message}"
end
```
显示日志组中所有日志流的 CloudWatch 日志信息。  

```
# Displays log information for all of the log streams in a log group in
# Amazon CloudWatch Logs.
#
# Prerequisites:
#
# - A log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs.
#
# @param cloudwatchlogs_client [Amazon::CloudWatchLogs::Client] An initialized
#   Amazon CloudWatch Logs client.
# @param log_group_name [String] The name of the log group.
# @example
#   display_log_data(
#     Amazon::CloudWatchLogs::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'),
#     'aws-doc-sdk-examples-cloudwatch-log'
#   )
def display_log_data(cloudwatchlogs_client, log_group_name)
  puts 'Attempting to display log stream data for the log group ' \
    "named '#{log_group_name}'..."
  describe_log_streams_response = cloudwatchlogs_client.describe_log_streams(
    log_group_name: log_group_name,
    order_by: 'LastEventTime',
    descending: true
  )
  if describe_log_streams_response.key?(:log_streams) &&
     describe_log_streams_response.log_streams.count.positive?
    describe_log_streams_response.log_streams.each do |log_stream|
      get_log_events_response = cloudwatchlogs_client.get_log_events(
        log_group_name: log_group_name,
        log_stream_name: log_stream.log_stream_name
      )
      puts "\nLog messages for '#{log_stream.log_stream_name}':"
      puts '-' * (log_stream.log_stream_name.length + 20)
      if get_log_events_response.key?(:events) &&
         get_log_events_response.events.count.positive?
        get_log_events_response.events.each do |event|
          puts event.message
        end
      else
        puts 'No log messages for this log stream.'
      end
    end
  end
rescue StandardError => e
  puts 'Error getting information about the log streams or their messages: ' \
    "#{e.message}"
end
```
提醒来电者手动清理他们不再需要的任何关联 AWS 资源。  

```
# Displays a reminder to the caller to manually clean up any associated
# AWS resources that they no longer need.
#
# @param topic_name [String] The name of the Amazon SNS topic.
# @param role_name [String] The name of the IAM role.
# @param rule_name [String] The name of the Amazon EventBridge rule.
# @param log_group_name [String] The name of the Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group.
# @param instance_id [String] The ID of the Amazon EC2 instance.
# @example
#   manual_cleanup_notice(
#     'aws-doc-sdk-examples-topic',
#     'aws-doc-sdk-examples-cloudwatch-events-rule-role',
#     'aws-doc-sdk-examples-ec2-state-change',
#     'aws-doc-sdk-examples-cloudwatch-log',
#     'i-033c48ef067af3dEX'
#   )
def manual_cleanup_notice(
  topic_name, role_name, rule_name, log_group_name, instance_id
)
  puts '-' * 10
  puts 'Some of the following AWS resources might still exist in your account.'
  puts 'If you no longer want to use this code example, then to clean up'
  puts 'your AWS account and avoid unexpected costs, you might want to'
  puts 'manually delete any of the following resources if they exist:'
  puts "- The Amazon SNS topic named '#{topic_name}'."
  puts "- The IAM role named '#{role_name}'."
  puts "- The Amazon EventBridge rule named '#{rule_name}'."
  puts "- The Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group named '#{log_group_name}'."
  puts "- The Amazon EC2 instance with the ID '#{instance_id}'."
end
```
+ 有关 API 详细信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API Reference》**中的以下主题。
  + [PutEvents](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/eventbridge-2015-10-07/PutEvents)
  + [PutRule](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/eventbridge-2015-10-07/PutRule)

# AWS Glue 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的示例
<a name="ruby_glue_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用with来执行操作和实现常见场景 AWS Glue。 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 

*基本功能*是向您展示如何在服务中执行基本操作的代码示例。

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [开始使用](#get_started)
+ [基本功能](#basics)
+ [操作](#actions)

## 开始使用
<a name="get_started"></a>

### 你好 AWS Glue
<a name="glue_Hello_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何开始使用 AWS Glue。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-glue'
require 'logger'

# GlueManager is a class responsible for managing AWS Glue operations
# such as listing all Glue jobs in the current AWS account.
class GlueManager
  def initialize(client)
    @client = client
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
  end

  # Lists and prints all Glue jobs in the current AWS account.
  def list_jobs
    @logger.info('Here are the Glue jobs in your account:')

    paginator = @client.get_jobs(max_results: 10)
    jobs = []

    paginator.each_page do |page|
      jobs.concat(page.jobs)
    end

    if jobs.empty?
      @logger.info("You don't have any Glue jobs.")
    else
      jobs.each do |job|
        @logger.info("- #{job.name}")
      end
    end
  end
end

if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
  glue_client = Aws::Glue::Client.new
  manager = GlueManager.new(glue_client)
  manager.list_jobs
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListJobs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/ListJobs)*中的。

## 基本功能
<a name="basics"></a>

### 了解基本功能
<a name="glue_Scenario_GetStartedCrawlersJobs_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何：
+ 创建爬网程序，爬取公有 Amazon S3 存储桶并生成包含 CSV 格式的元数据的数据库。
+ 列出有关中数据库和表的信息 AWS Glue Data Catalog。
+ 创建任务，从 S3 存储桶提取 CSV 数据，转换数据，然后将 JSON 格式的输出加载到另一个 S3 存储桶中。
+ 列出有关作业运行的信息，查看转换后的数据，并清除资源。

有关更多信息，请参阅[教程： AWS Glue Studio 入门](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/glue/latest/ug/tutorial-create-job.html)。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
创建一个封装场景中使用的 AWS Glue 函数的类。  

```
# The `GlueWrapper` class serves as a wrapper around the AWS Glue API, providing a simplified interface for common operations.
# It encapsulates the functionality of the AWS SDK for Glue and provides methods for interacting with Glue crawlers, databases, tables, jobs, and S3 resources.
# The class initializes with a Glue client and a logger, allowing it to make API calls and log any errors or informational messages.
class GlueWrapper
  def initialize(glue_client, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Retrieves information about a specific crawler.
  #
  # @param name [String] The name of the crawler to retrieve information about.
  # @return [Aws::Glue::Types::Crawler, nil] The crawler object if found, or nil if not found.
  def get_crawler(name)
    @glue_client.get_crawler(name: name)
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::EntityNotFoundException
    @logger.info("Crawler #{name} doesn't exist.")
    false
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not get crawler #{name}: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Creates a new crawler with the specified configuration.
  #
  # @param name [String] The name of the crawler.
  # @param role_arn [String] The ARN of the IAM role to be used by the crawler.
  # @param db_name [String] The name of the database where the crawler stores its metadata.
  # @param db_prefix [String] The prefix to be added to the names of tables that the crawler creates.
  # @param s3_target [String] The S3 path that the crawler will crawl.
  # @return [void]
  def create_crawler(name, role_arn, db_name, _db_prefix, s3_target)
    @glue_client.create_crawler(
      name: name,
      role: role_arn,
      database_name: db_name,
      targets: {
        s3_targets: [
          {
            path: s3_target
          }
        ]
      }
    )
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not create crawler: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Starts a crawler with the specified name.
  #
  # @param name [String] The name of the crawler to start.
  # @return [void]
  def start_crawler(name)
    @glue_client.start_crawler(name: name)
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not start crawler #{name}: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Deletes a crawler with the specified name.
  #
  # @param name [String] The name of the crawler to delete.
  # @return [void]
  def delete_crawler(name)
    @glue_client.delete_crawler(name: name)
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not delete crawler #{name}: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Retrieves information about a specific database.
  #
  # @param name [String] The name of the database to retrieve information about.
  # @return [Aws::Glue::Types::Database, nil] The database object if found, or nil if not found.
  def get_database(name)
    response = @glue_client.get_database(name: name)
    response.database
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not get database #{name}: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Retrieves a list of tables in the specified database.
  #
  # @param db_name [String] The name of the database to retrieve tables from.
  # @return [Array<Aws::Glue::Types::Table>]
  def get_tables(db_name)
    response = @glue_client.get_tables(database_name: db_name)
    response.table_list
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not get tables #{db_name}: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Creates a new job with the specified configuration.
  #
  # @param name [String] The name of the job.
  # @param description [String] The description of the job.
  # @param role_arn [String] The ARN of the IAM role to be used by the job.
  # @param script_location [String] The location of the ETL script for the job.
  # @return [void]
  def create_job(name, description, role_arn, script_location)
    @glue_client.create_job(
      name: name,
      description: description,
      role: role_arn,
      command: {
        name: 'glueetl',
        script_location: script_location,
        python_version: '3'
      },
      glue_version: '3.0'
    )
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not create job #{name}: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Starts a job run for the specified job.
  #
  # @param name [String] The name of the job to start the run for.
  # @param input_database [String] The name of the input database for the job.
  # @param input_table [String] The name of the input table for the job.
  # @param output_bucket_name [String] The name of the output S3 bucket for the job.
  # @return [String] The ID of the started job run.
  def start_job_run(name, input_database, input_table, output_bucket_name)
    response = @glue_client.start_job_run(
      job_name: name,
      arguments: {
        '--input_database': input_database,
        '--input_table': input_table,
        '--output_bucket_url': "s3://#{output_bucket_name}/"
      }
    )
    response.job_run_id
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not start job run #{name}: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Retrieves a list of jobs in AWS Glue.
  #
  # @return [Aws::Glue::Types::ListJobsResponse]
  def list_jobs
    @glue_client.list_jobs
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not list jobs: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Retrieves a list of job runs for the specified job.
  #
  # @param job_name [String] The name of the job to retrieve job runs for.
  # @return [Array<Aws::Glue::Types::JobRun>]
  def get_job_runs(job_name)
    response = @glue_client.get_job_runs(job_name: job_name)
    response.job_runs
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not get job runs: \n#{e.message}")
  end

  # Retrieves data for a specific job run.
  #
  # @param job_name [String] The name of the job run to retrieve data for.
  # @return [Glue::Types::GetJobRunResponse]
  def get_job_run(job_name, run_id)
    @glue_client.get_job_run(job_name: job_name, run_id: run_id)
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not get job runs: \n#{e.message}")
  end

  # Deletes a job with the specified name.
  #
  # @param job_name [String] The name of the job to delete.
  # @return [void]
  def delete_job(job_name)
    @glue_client.delete_job(job_name: job_name)
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not delete job: \n#{e.message}")
  end

  # Deletes a table with the specified name.
  #
  # @param database_name [String] The name of the catalog database in which the table resides.
  # @param table_name [String] The name of the table to be deleted.
  # @return [void]
  def delete_table(database_name, table_name)
    @glue_client.delete_table(database_name: database_name, name: table_name)
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not delete job: \n#{e.message}")
  end

  # Removes a specified database from a Data Catalog.
  #
  # @param database_name [String] The name of the database to delete.
  # @return [void]
  def delete_database(database_name)
    @glue_client.delete_database(name: database_name)
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not delete database: \n#{e.message}")
  end

  # Uploads a job script file to an S3 bucket.
  #
  # @param file_path [String] The local path of the job script file.
  # @param bucket_resource [Aws::S3::Bucket] The S3 bucket resource to upload the file to.
  # @return [void]
  def upload_job_script(file_path, bucket_resource)
    File.open(file_path) do |file|
      bucket_resource.client.put_object({
                                          body: file,
                                          bucket: bucket_resource.name,
                                          key: file_path
                                        })
    end
  rescue Aws::S3::Errors::S3UploadFailedError => e
    @logger.error("S3 could not upload job script: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end
end
```
创建运行场景的类。  

```
class GlueCrawlerJobScenario
  def initialize(glue_client, glue_service_role, glue_bucket, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @glue_service_role = glue_service_role
    @glue_bucket = glue_bucket
    @logger = logger
  end

  def run(crawler_name, db_name, db_prefix, data_source, job_script, job_name)
    wrapper = GlueWrapper.new(@glue_client, @logger)
    setup_crawler(wrapper, crawler_name, db_name, db_prefix, data_source)
    query_database(wrapper, crawler_name, db_name)
    create_and_run_job(wrapper, job_script, job_name, db_name)
  end

  private

  def setup_crawler(wrapper, crawler_name, db_name, db_prefix, data_source)
    new_step(1, 'Create a crawler')
    crawler = wrapper.get_crawler(crawler_name)
    unless crawler
      puts "Creating crawler #{crawler_name}."
      wrapper.create_crawler(crawler_name, @glue_service_role.arn, db_name, db_prefix, data_source)
      puts "Successfully created #{crawler_name}."
    end
    wrapper.start_crawler(crawler_name)
    monitor_crawler(wrapper, crawler_name)
  end

  def monitor_crawler(wrapper, crawler_name)
    new_step(2, 'Monitor Crawler')
    crawler_state = nil
    until crawler_state == 'READY'
      custom_wait(15)
      crawler = wrapper.get_crawler(crawler_name)
      crawler_state = crawler[0]['state']
      print "Crawler status: #{crawler_state}".yellow
    end
  end

  def query_database(wrapper, _crawler_name, db_name)
    new_step(3, 'Query the database.')
    wrapper.get_database(db_name)
    puts "The crawler created database #{db_name}:"
    puts "Database contains tables: #{wrapper.get_tables(db_name).map { |t| t['name'] }}"
  end

  def create_and_run_job(wrapper, job_script, job_name, db_name)
    new_step(4, 'Create and run job.')
    wrapper.upload_job_script(job_script, @glue_bucket)
    wrapper.create_job(job_name, 'ETL Job', @glue_service_role.arn, "s3://#{@glue_bucket.name}/#{job_script}")
    run_job(wrapper, job_name, db_name)
  end

  def run_job(wrapper, job_name, db_name)
    new_step(5, 'Run the job.')
    wrapper.start_job_run(job_name, db_name, wrapper.get_tables(db_name)[0]['name'], @glue_bucket.name)
    job_run_status = nil
    until %w[SUCCEEDED FAILED STOPPED].include?(job_run_status)
      custom_wait(10)
      job_run = wrapper.get_job_runs(job_name)
      job_run_status = job_run[0]['job_run_state']
      print "Job #{job_name} status: #{job_run_status}".yellow
    end
  end
end

def main
  banner('../../helpers/banner.txt')
  puts 'Starting AWS Glue demo...'

  # Load resource names from YAML.
  resource_names = YAML.load_file('resource_names.yaml')

  # Setup services and resources.
  iam_role = Aws::IAM::Resource.new(region: 'us-east-1').role(resource_names['glue_service_role'])
  s3_bucket = Aws::S3::Resource.new(region: 'us-east-1').bucket(resource_names['glue_bucket'])

  # Instantiate scenario and run.
  scenario = GlueCrawlerJobScenario.new(Aws::Glue::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1'), iam_role, s3_bucket, @logger)
  random_suffix = rand(10**4)
  scenario.run("crawler-#{random_suffix}", "db-#{random_suffix}", "prefix-#{random_suffix}-", 's3://data_source',
               'job_script.py', "job-#{random_suffix}")

  puts 'Demo complete.'
end
```
创建一个 ETL 脚本，用于在作业运行期间 AWS Glue 提取、转换和加载数据。  

```
import sys
from awsglue.transforms import *
from awsglue.utils import getResolvedOptions
from pyspark.context import SparkContext
from awsglue.context import GlueContext
from awsglue.job import Job

"""
These custom arguments must be passed as Arguments to the StartJobRun request.
    --input_database    The name of a metadata database that is contained in your 
                        AWS Glue Data Catalog and that contains tables that describe 
                        the data to be processed.
    --input_table       The name of a table in the database that describes the data to
                        be processed.
    --output_bucket_url An S3 bucket that receives the transformed output data.  
"""
args = getResolvedOptions(
    sys.argv, ["JOB_NAME", "input_database", "input_table", "output_bucket_url"]
)
sc = SparkContext()
glueContext = GlueContext(sc)
spark = glueContext.spark_session
job = Job(glueContext)
job.init(args["JOB_NAME"], args)

# Script generated for node S3 Flight Data.
S3FlightData_node1 = glueContext.create_dynamic_frame.from_catalog(
    database=args["input_database"],
    table_name=args["input_table"],
    transformation_ctx="S3FlightData_node1",
)

# This mapping performs two main functions:
# 1. It simplifies the output by removing most of the fields from the data.
# 2. It renames some fields. For example, `fl_date` is renamed to `flight_date`.
ApplyMapping_node2 = ApplyMapping.apply(
    frame=S3FlightData_node1,
    mappings=[
        ("year", "long", "year", "long"),
        ("month", "long", "month", "tinyint"),
        ("day_of_month", "long", "day", "tinyint"),
        ("fl_date", "string", "flight_date", "string"),
        ("carrier", "string", "carrier", "string"),
        ("fl_num", "long", "flight_num", "long"),
        ("origin_city_name", "string", "origin_city_name", "string"),
        ("origin_state_abr", "string", "origin_state_abr", "string"),
        ("dest_city_name", "string", "dest_city_name", "string"),
        ("dest_state_abr", "string", "dest_state_abr", "string"),
        ("dep_time", "long", "departure_time", "long"),
        ("wheels_off", "long", "wheels_off", "long"),
        ("wheels_on", "long", "wheels_on", "long"),
        ("arr_time", "long", "arrival_time", "long"),
        ("mon", "string", "mon", "string"),
    ],
    transformation_ctx="ApplyMapping_node2",
)

# Script generated for node Revised Flight Data.
RevisedFlightData_node3 = glueContext.write_dynamic_frame.from_options(
    frame=ApplyMapping_node2,
    connection_type="s3",
    format="json",
    connection_options={"path": args["output_bucket_url"], "partitionKeys": []},
    transformation_ctx="RevisedFlightData_node3",
)

job.commit()
```
+ 有关 API 详细信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API Reference》**中的以下主题。
  + [CreateCrawler](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/CreateCrawler)
  + [CreateJob](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/CreateJob)
  + [DeleteCrawler](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/DeleteCrawler)
  + [DeleteDatabase](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/DeleteDatabase)
  + [DeleteJob](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/DeleteJob)
  + [DeleteTable](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/DeleteTable)
  + [GetCrawler](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/GetCrawler)
  + [GetDatabase](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/GetDatabase)
  + [GetDatabases](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/GetDatabases)
  + [GetJob](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/GetJob)
  + [GetJobRun](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/GetJobRun)
  + [GetJobRuns](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/GetJobRuns)
  + [GetTables](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/GetTables)
  + [ListJobs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/ListJobs)
  + [StartCrawler](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/StartCrawler)
  + [StartJobRun](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/StartJobRun)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `CreateCrawler`
<a name="glue_CreateCrawler_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateCrawler`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# The `GlueWrapper` class serves as a wrapper around the AWS Glue API, providing a simplified interface for common operations.
# It encapsulates the functionality of the AWS SDK for Glue and provides methods for interacting with Glue crawlers, databases, tables, jobs, and S3 resources.
# The class initializes with a Glue client and a logger, allowing it to make API calls and log any errors or informational messages.
class GlueWrapper
  def initialize(glue_client, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Creates a new crawler with the specified configuration.
  #
  # @param name [String] The name of the crawler.
  # @param role_arn [String] The ARN of the IAM role to be used by the crawler.
  # @param db_name [String] The name of the database where the crawler stores its metadata.
  # @param db_prefix [String] The prefix to be added to the names of tables that the crawler creates.
  # @param s3_target [String] The S3 path that the crawler will crawl.
  # @return [void]
  def create_crawler(name, role_arn, db_name, _db_prefix, s3_target)
    @glue_client.create_crawler(
      name: name,
      role: role_arn,
      database_name: db_name,
      targets: {
        s3_targets: [
          {
            path: s3_target
          }
        ]
      }
    )
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not create crawler: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateCrawler](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/CreateCrawler)*中的。

### `CreateJob`
<a name="glue_CreateJob_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateJob`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# The `GlueWrapper` class serves as a wrapper around the AWS Glue API, providing a simplified interface for common operations.
# It encapsulates the functionality of the AWS SDK for Glue and provides methods for interacting with Glue crawlers, databases, tables, jobs, and S3 resources.
# The class initializes with a Glue client and a logger, allowing it to make API calls and log any errors or informational messages.
class GlueWrapper
  def initialize(glue_client, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Creates a new job with the specified configuration.
  #
  # @param name [String] The name of the job.
  # @param description [String] The description of the job.
  # @param role_arn [String] The ARN of the IAM role to be used by the job.
  # @param script_location [String] The location of the ETL script for the job.
  # @return [void]
  def create_job(name, description, role_arn, script_location)
    @glue_client.create_job(
      name: name,
      description: description,
      role: role_arn,
      command: {
        name: 'glueetl',
        script_location: script_location,
        python_version: '3'
      },
      glue_version: '3.0'
    )
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not create job #{name}: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateJob](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/CreateJob)*中的。

### `DeleteCrawler`
<a name="glue_DeleteCrawler_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteCrawler`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# The `GlueWrapper` class serves as a wrapper around the AWS Glue API, providing a simplified interface for common operations.
# It encapsulates the functionality of the AWS SDK for Glue and provides methods for interacting with Glue crawlers, databases, tables, jobs, and S3 resources.
# The class initializes with a Glue client and a logger, allowing it to make API calls and log any errors or informational messages.
class GlueWrapper
  def initialize(glue_client, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Deletes a crawler with the specified name.
  #
  # @param name [String] The name of the crawler to delete.
  # @return [void]
  def delete_crawler(name)
    @glue_client.delete_crawler(name: name)
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not delete crawler #{name}: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteCrawler](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/DeleteCrawler)*中的。

### `DeleteDatabase`
<a name="glue_DeleteDatabase_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteDatabase`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/python/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# The `GlueWrapper` class serves as a wrapper around the AWS Glue API, providing a simplified interface for common operations.
# It encapsulates the functionality of the AWS SDK for Glue and provides methods for interacting with Glue crawlers, databases, tables, jobs, and S3 resources.
# The class initializes with a Glue client and a logger, allowing it to make API calls and log any errors or informational messages.
class GlueWrapper
  def initialize(glue_client, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Removes a specified database from a Data Catalog.
  #
  # @param database_name [String] The name of the database to delete.
  # @return [void]
  def delete_database(database_name)
    @glue_client.delete_database(name: database_name)
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not delete database: \n#{e.message}")
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteDatabase](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/DeleteDatabase)*中的。

### `DeleteJob`
<a name="glue_DeleteJob_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteJob`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# The `GlueWrapper` class serves as a wrapper around the AWS Glue API, providing a simplified interface for common operations.
# It encapsulates the functionality of the AWS SDK for Glue and provides methods for interacting with Glue crawlers, databases, tables, jobs, and S3 resources.
# The class initializes with a Glue client and a logger, allowing it to make API calls and log any errors or informational messages.
class GlueWrapper
  def initialize(glue_client, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Deletes a job with the specified name.
  #
  # @param job_name [String] The name of the job to delete.
  # @return [void]
  def delete_job(job_name)
    @glue_client.delete_job(job_name: job_name)
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not delete job: \n#{e.message}")
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteJob](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/DeleteJob)*中的。

### `DeleteTable`
<a name="glue_DeleteTable_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteTable`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# The `GlueWrapper` class serves as a wrapper around the AWS Glue API, providing a simplified interface for common operations.
# It encapsulates the functionality of the AWS SDK for Glue and provides methods for interacting with Glue crawlers, databases, tables, jobs, and S3 resources.
# The class initializes with a Glue client and a logger, allowing it to make API calls and log any errors or informational messages.
class GlueWrapper
  def initialize(glue_client, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Deletes a table with the specified name.
  #
  # @param database_name [String] The name of the catalog database in which the table resides.
  # @param table_name [String] The name of the table to be deleted.
  # @return [void]
  def delete_table(database_name, table_name)
    @glue_client.delete_table(database_name: database_name, name: table_name)
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not delete job: \n#{e.message}")
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteTable](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/DeleteTable)*中的。

### `GetCrawler`
<a name="glue_GetCrawler_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetCrawler`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# The `GlueWrapper` class serves as a wrapper around the AWS Glue API, providing a simplified interface for common operations.
# It encapsulates the functionality of the AWS SDK for Glue and provides methods for interacting with Glue crawlers, databases, tables, jobs, and S3 resources.
# The class initializes with a Glue client and a logger, allowing it to make API calls and log any errors or informational messages.
class GlueWrapper
  def initialize(glue_client, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Retrieves information about a specific crawler.
  #
  # @param name [String] The name of the crawler to retrieve information about.
  # @return [Aws::Glue::Types::Crawler, nil] The crawler object if found, or nil if not found.
  def get_crawler(name)
    @glue_client.get_crawler(name: name)
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::EntityNotFoundException
    @logger.info("Crawler #{name} doesn't exist.")
    false
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not get crawler #{name}: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[GetCrawler](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/GetCrawler)*中的。

### `GetDatabase`
<a name="glue_GetDatabase_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetDatabase`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# The `GlueWrapper` class serves as a wrapper around the AWS Glue API, providing a simplified interface for common operations.
# It encapsulates the functionality of the AWS SDK for Glue and provides methods for interacting with Glue crawlers, databases, tables, jobs, and S3 resources.
# The class initializes with a Glue client and a logger, allowing it to make API calls and log any errors or informational messages.
class GlueWrapper
  def initialize(glue_client, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Retrieves information about a specific database.
  #
  # @param name [String] The name of the database to retrieve information about.
  # @return [Aws::Glue::Types::Database, nil] The database object if found, or nil if not found.
  def get_database(name)
    response = @glue_client.get_database(name: name)
    response.database
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not get database #{name}: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[GetDatabase](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/GetDatabase)*中的。

### `GetJobRun`
<a name="glue_GetJobRun_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetJobRun`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# The `GlueWrapper` class serves as a wrapper around the AWS Glue API, providing a simplified interface for common operations.
# It encapsulates the functionality of the AWS SDK for Glue and provides methods for interacting with Glue crawlers, databases, tables, jobs, and S3 resources.
# The class initializes with a Glue client and a logger, allowing it to make API calls and log any errors or informational messages.
class GlueWrapper
  def initialize(glue_client, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Retrieves data for a specific job run.
  #
  # @param job_name [String] The name of the job run to retrieve data for.
  # @return [Glue::Types::GetJobRunResponse]
  def get_job_run(job_name, run_id)
    @glue_client.get_job_run(job_name: job_name, run_id: run_id)
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not get job runs: \n#{e.message}")
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[GetJobRun](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/GetJobRun)*中的。

### `GetJobRuns`
<a name="glue_GetJobRuns_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetJobRuns`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# The `GlueWrapper` class serves as a wrapper around the AWS Glue API, providing a simplified interface for common operations.
# It encapsulates the functionality of the AWS SDK for Glue and provides methods for interacting with Glue crawlers, databases, tables, jobs, and S3 resources.
# The class initializes with a Glue client and a logger, allowing it to make API calls and log any errors or informational messages.
class GlueWrapper
  def initialize(glue_client, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Retrieves a list of job runs for the specified job.
  #
  # @param job_name [String] The name of the job to retrieve job runs for.
  # @return [Array<Aws::Glue::Types::JobRun>]
  def get_job_runs(job_name)
    response = @glue_client.get_job_runs(job_name: job_name)
    response.job_runs
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not get job runs: \n#{e.message}")
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[GetJobRuns](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/GetJobRuns)*中的。

### `GetTables`
<a name="glue_GetTables_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetTables`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# The `GlueWrapper` class serves as a wrapper around the AWS Glue API, providing a simplified interface for common operations.
# It encapsulates the functionality of the AWS SDK for Glue and provides methods for interacting with Glue crawlers, databases, tables, jobs, and S3 resources.
# The class initializes with a Glue client and a logger, allowing it to make API calls and log any errors or informational messages.
class GlueWrapper
  def initialize(glue_client, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Retrieves a list of tables in the specified database.
  #
  # @param db_name [String] The name of the database to retrieve tables from.
  # @return [Array<Aws::Glue::Types::Table>]
  def get_tables(db_name)
    response = @glue_client.get_tables(database_name: db_name)
    response.table_list
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not get tables #{db_name}: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[GetTables](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/GetTables)*中的。

### `ListJobs`
<a name="glue_ListJobs_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListJobs`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# The `GlueWrapper` class serves as a wrapper around the AWS Glue API, providing a simplified interface for common operations.
# It encapsulates the functionality of the AWS SDK for Glue and provides methods for interacting with Glue crawlers, databases, tables, jobs, and S3 resources.
# The class initializes with a Glue client and a logger, allowing it to make API calls and log any errors or informational messages.
class GlueWrapper
  def initialize(glue_client, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Retrieves a list of jobs in AWS Glue.
  #
  # @return [Aws::Glue::Types::ListJobsResponse]
  def list_jobs
    @glue_client.list_jobs
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not list jobs: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListJobs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/ListJobs)*中的。

### `StartCrawler`
<a name="glue_StartCrawler_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `StartCrawler`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# The `GlueWrapper` class serves as a wrapper around the AWS Glue API, providing a simplified interface for common operations.
# It encapsulates the functionality of the AWS SDK for Glue and provides methods for interacting with Glue crawlers, databases, tables, jobs, and S3 resources.
# The class initializes with a Glue client and a logger, allowing it to make API calls and log any errors or informational messages.
class GlueWrapper
  def initialize(glue_client, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Starts a crawler with the specified name.
  #
  # @param name [String] The name of the crawler to start.
  # @return [void]
  def start_crawler(name)
    @glue_client.start_crawler(name: name)
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not start crawler #{name}: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[StartCrawler](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/StartCrawler)*中的。

### `StartJobRun`
<a name="glue_StartJobRun_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `StartJobRun`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/glue#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# The `GlueWrapper` class serves as a wrapper around the AWS Glue API, providing a simplified interface for common operations.
# It encapsulates the functionality of the AWS SDK for Glue and provides methods for interacting with Glue crawlers, databases, tables, jobs, and S3 resources.
# The class initializes with a Glue client and a logger, allowing it to make API calls and log any errors or informational messages.
class GlueWrapper
  def initialize(glue_client, logger)
    @glue_client = glue_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Starts a job run for the specified job.
  #
  # @param name [String] The name of the job to start the run for.
  # @param input_database [String] The name of the input database for the job.
  # @param input_table [String] The name of the input table for the job.
  # @param output_bucket_name [String] The name of the output S3 bucket for the job.
  # @return [String] The ID of the started job run.
  def start_job_run(name, input_database, input_table, output_bucket_name)
    response = @glue_client.start_job_run(
      job_name: name,
      arguments: {
        '--input_database': input_database,
        '--input_table': input_table,
        '--output_bucket_url': "s3://#{output_bucket_name}/"
      }
    )
    response.job_run_id
  rescue Aws::Glue::Errors::GlueException => e
    @logger.error("Glue could not start job run #{name}: \n#{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[StartJobRun](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/glue-2017-03-31/StartJobRun)*中的。

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 IAM 示例
<a name="ruby_iam_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用 with IAM 来执行操作和实现常见场景。 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 

*基本功能*是向您展示如何在服务中执行基本操作的代码示例。

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [开始使用](#get_started)
+ [基本功能](#basics)
+ [操作](#actions)

## 开始使用
<a name="get_started"></a>

### 开始使用 IAM
<a name="iam_Hello_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何开始使用 IAM。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-iam'
require 'logger'

# IAMManager is a class responsible for managing IAM operations
# such as listing all IAM policies in the current AWS account.
class IAMManager
  def initialize(client)
    @client = client
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
  end

  # Lists and prints all IAM policies in the current AWS account.
  def list_policies
    @logger.info('Here are the IAM policies in your account:')

    paginator = @client.list_policies
    policies = []

    paginator.each_page do |page|
      policies.concat(page.policies)
    end

    if policies.empty?
      @logger.info("You don't have any IAM policies.")
    else
      policies.each do |policy|
        @logger.info("- #{policy.policy_name}")
      end
    end
  end
end

if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
  iam_client = Aws::IAM::Client.new
  manager = IAMManager.new(iam_client)
  manager.list_policies
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListPolicies](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/ListPolicies)*中的。

## 基本功能
<a name="basics"></a>

### 了解基本功能
<a name="iam_Scenario_CreateUserAssumeRole_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何创建用户并代入角色。

**警告**  
为了避免安全风险，在开发专用软件或处理真实数据时，请勿使用 IAM 用户进行身份验证，而是使用与身份提供者的联合身份验证，例如 [AWS IAM Identity Center](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/singlesignon/latest/userguide/what-is.html)。
+ 创建没有权限的用户。
+ 创建授予列出账户的 Amazon S3 存储桶的权限的角色
+ 添加策略以允许用户代入该角色。
+ 代入角色并使用临时凭证列出 S3 存储桶，然后清除资源。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
创建 IAM 用户和授予列出 Amazon S3 存储桶的权限的角色。用户仅具有代入该角色的权限。代入该角色后，使用临时凭证列出该账户的存储桶。  

```
# Wraps the scenario actions.
class ScenarioCreateUserAssumeRole
  attr_reader :iam_client

  # @param [Aws::IAM::Client] iam_client: The AWS IAM client.
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Waits for the specified number of seconds.
  #
  # @param duration [Integer] The number of seconds to wait.
  def wait(duration)
    puts('Give AWS time to propagate resources...')
    sleep(duration)
  end

  # Creates a user.
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name to give the user.
  # @return [Aws::IAM::User] The newly created user.
  def create_user(user_name)
    user = @iam_client.create_user(user_name: user_name).user
    @logger.info("Created demo user named #{user.user_name}.")
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.info('Tried and failed to create demo user.')
    @logger.info("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    @logger.info("\nCan't continue the demo without a user!")
    raise
  else
    user
  end

  # Creates an access key for a user.
  #
  # @param user [Aws::IAM::User] The user that owns the key.
  # @return [Aws::IAM::AccessKeyPair] The newly created access key.
  def create_access_key_pair(user)
    user_key = @iam_client.create_access_key(user_name: user.user_name).access_key
    @logger.info("Created accesskey pair for user #{user.user_name}.")
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.info("Couldn't create access keys for user #{user.user_name}.")
    @logger.info("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  else
    user_key
  end

  # Creates a role that can be assumed by a user.
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name to give the role.
  # @param user [Aws::IAM::User] The user who is granted permission to assume the role.
  # @return [Aws::IAM::Role] The newly created role.
  def create_role(role_name, user)
    trust_policy = {
      Version: '2012-10-17',
      Statement: [{
        Effect: 'Allow',
        Principal: { 'AWS': user.arn },
        Action: 'sts:AssumeRole'
      }]
    }.to_json
    role = @iam_client.create_role(
      role_name: role_name,
      assume_role_policy_document: trust_policy
    ).role
    @logger.info("Created role #{role.role_name}.")
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.info("Couldn't create a role for the demo. Here's why: ")
    @logger.info("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  else
    role
  end

  # Creates a policy that grants permission to list S3 buckets in the account, and
  # then attaches the policy to a role.
  #
  # @param policy_name [String] The name to give the policy.
  # @param role [Aws::IAM::Role] The role that the policy is attached to.
  # @return [Aws::IAM::Policy] The newly created policy.
  def create_and_attach_role_policy(policy_name, role)
    policy_document = {
      Version: '2012-10-17',
      Statement: [{
        Effect: 'Allow',
        Action: 's3:ListAllMyBuckets',
        Resource: 'arn:aws:s3:::*'
      }]
    }.to_json
    policy = @iam_client.create_policy(
      policy_name: policy_name,
      policy_document: policy_document
    ).policy
    @iam_client.attach_role_policy(
      role_name: role.role_name,
      policy_arn: policy.arn
    )
    @logger.info("Created policy #{policy.policy_name} and attached it to role #{role.role_name}.")
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.info("Couldn't create a policy and attach it to role #{role.role_name}. Here's why: ")
    @logger.info("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Creates an inline policy for a user that lets the user assume a role.
  #
  # @param policy_name [String] The name to give the policy.
  # @param user [Aws::IAM::User] The user that owns the policy.
  # @param role [Aws::IAM::Role] The role that can be assumed.
  # @return [Aws::IAM::UserPolicy] The newly created policy.
  def create_user_policy(policy_name, user, role)
    policy_document = {
      Version: '2012-10-17',
      Statement: [{
        Effect: 'Allow',
        Action: 'sts:AssumeRole',
        Resource: role.arn
      }]
    }.to_json
    @iam_client.put_user_policy(
      user_name: user.user_name,
      policy_name: policy_name,
      policy_document: policy_document
    )
    puts("Created an inline policy for #{user.user_name} that lets the user assume role #{role.role_name}.")
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.info("Couldn't create an inline policy for user #{user.user_name}. Here's why: ")
    @logger.info("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Creates an Amazon S3 resource with specified credentials. This is separated into a
  # factory function so that it can be mocked for unit testing.
  #
  # @param credentials [Aws::Credentials] The credentials used by the Amazon S3 resource.
  def create_s3_resource(credentials)
    Aws::S3::Resource.new(client: Aws::S3::Client.new(credentials: credentials))
  end

  # Lists the S3 buckets for the account, using the specified Amazon S3 resource.
  # Because the resource uses credentials with limited access, it may not be able to
  # list the S3 buckets.
  #
  # @param s3_resource [Aws::S3::Resource] An Amazon S3 resource.
  def list_buckets(s3_resource)
    count = 10
    s3_resource.buckets.each do |bucket|
      @logger.info "\t#{bucket.name}"
      count -= 1
      break if count.zero?
    end
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    if e.code == 'AccessDenied'
      puts('Attempt to list buckets with no permissions: AccessDenied.')
    else
      @logger.info("Couldn't list buckets for the account. Here's why: ")
      @logger.info("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
      raise
    end
  end

  # Creates an AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS) client with specified credentials.
  # This is separated into a factory function so that it can be mocked for unit testing.
  #
  # @param key_id [String] The ID of the access key used by the STS client.
  # @param key_secret [String] The secret part of the access key used by the STS client.
  def create_sts_client(key_id, key_secret)
    Aws::STS::Client.new(access_key_id: key_id, secret_access_key: key_secret)
  end

  # Gets temporary credentials that can be used to assume a role.
  #
  # @param role_arn [String] The ARN of the role that is assumed when these credentials
  #                          are used.
  # @param sts_client [AWS::STS::Client] An AWS STS client.
  # @return [Aws::AssumeRoleCredentials] The credentials that can be used to assume the role.
  def assume_role(role_arn, sts_client)
    credentials = Aws::AssumeRoleCredentials.new(
      client: sts_client,
      role_arn: role_arn,
      role_session_name: 'create-use-assume-role-scenario'
    )
    @logger.info("Assumed role '#{role_arn}', got temporary credentials.")
    credentials
  end

  # Deletes a role. If the role has policies attached, they are detached and
  # deleted before the role is deleted.
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role to delete.
  def delete_role(role_name)
    @iam_client.list_attached_role_policies(role_name: role_name).attached_policies.each do |policy|
      @iam_client.detach_role_policy(role_name: role_name, policy_arn: policy.policy_arn)
      @iam_client.delete_policy(policy_arn: policy.policy_arn)
      @logger.info("Detached and deleted policy #{policy.policy_name}.")
    end
    @iam_client.delete_role({ role_name: role_name })
    @logger.info("Role deleted: #{role_name}.")
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.info("Couldn't detach policies and delete role #{role.name}. Here's why:")
    @logger.info("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Deletes a user. If the user has inline policies or access keys, they are deleted
  # before the user is deleted.
  #
  # @param user [Aws::IAM::User] The user to delete.
  def delete_user(user_name)
    user = @iam_client.list_access_keys(user_name: user_name).access_key_metadata
    user.each do |key|
      @iam_client.delete_access_key({ access_key_id: key.access_key_id, user_name: user_name })
      @logger.info("Deleted access key #{key.access_key_id} for user '#{user_name}'.")
    end

    @iam_client.delete_user(user_name: user_name)
    @logger.info("Deleted user '#{user_name}'.")
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error deleting user '#{user_name}': #{e.message}")
  end
end

# Runs the IAM create a user and assume a role scenario.
def run_scenario(scenario)
  puts('-' * 88)
  puts('Welcome to the IAM create a user and assume a role demo!')
  puts('-' * 88)
  user = scenario.create_user("doc-example-user-#{Random.uuid}")
  user_key = scenario.create_access_key_pair(user)
  scenario.wait(10)
  role = scenario.create_role("doc-example-role-#{Random.uuid}", user)
  scenario.create_and_attach_role_policy("doc-example-role-policy-#{Random.uuid}", role)
  scenario.create_user_policy("doc-example-user-policy-#{Random.uuid}", user, role)
  scenario.wait(10)
  puts('Try to list buckets with credentials for a user who has no permissions.')
  puts('Expect AccessDenied from this call.')
  scenario.list_buckets(
    scenario.create_s3_resource(Aws::Credentials.new(user_key.access_key_id, user_key.secret_access_key))
  )
  puts('Now, assume the role that grants permission.')
  temp_credentials = scenario.assume_role(
    role.arn, scenario.create_sts_client(user_key.access_key_id, user_key.secret_access_key)
  )
  puts('Here are your buckets:')
  scenario.list_buckets(scenario.create_s3_resource(temp_credentials))
  puts("Deleting role '#{role.role_name}' and attached policies.")
  scenario.delete_role(role.role_name)
  puts("Deleting user '#{user.user_name}', policies, and keys.")
  scenario.delete_user(user.user_name)
  puts('Thanks for watching!')
  puts('-' * 88)
rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
  puts('Something went wrong with the demo.')
  puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
end

run_scenario(ScenarioCreateUserAssumeRole.new(Aws::IAM::Client.new)) if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+ 有关 API 详细信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API Reference》**中的以下主题。
  + [AttachRolePolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/AttachRolePolicy)
  + [CreateAccessKey](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/CreateAccessKey)
  + [CreatePolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/CreatePolicy)
  + [CreateRole](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/CreateRole)
  + [CreateUser](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/CreateUser)
  + [DeleteAccessKey](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/DeleteAccessKey)
  + [DeletePolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/DeletePolicy)
  + [DeleteRole](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/DeleteRole)
  + [DeleteUser](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/DeleteUser)
  + [DeleteUserPolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/DeleteUserPolicy)
  + [DetachRolePolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/DetachRolePolicy)
  + [PutUserPolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/PutUserPolicy)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `AttachRolePolicy`
<a name="iam_AttachRolePolicy_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `AttachRolePolicy`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
此示例模块会列出、创建、附加和分离角色策略。  

```
# Manages policies in AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)
class RolePolicyManager
  # Initialize with an AWS IAM client
  #
  # @param iam_client [Aws::IAM::Client] An initialized IAM client
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
    @logger.progname = 'PolicyManager'
  end

  # Creates a policy
  #
  # @param policy_name [String] The name of the policy
  # @param policy_document [Hash] The policy document
  # @return [String] The policy ARN if successful, otherwise nil
  def create_policy(policy_name, policy_document)
    response = @iam_client.create_policy(
      policy_name: policy_name,
      policy_document: policy_document.to_json
    )
    response.policy.arn
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error creating policy: #{e.message}")
    nil
  end

  # Fetches an IAM policy by its ARN
  # @param policy_arn [String] the ARN of the IAM policy to retrieve
  # @return [Aws::IAM::Types::GetPolicyResponse] the policy object if found
  def get_policy(policy_arn)
    response = @iam_client.get_policy(policy_arn: policy_arn)
    policy = response.policy
    @logger.info("Got policy '#{policy.policy_name}'. Its ID is: #{policy.policy_id}.")
    policy
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::NoSuchEntity
    @logger.error("Couldn't get policy '#{policy_arn}'. The policy does not exist.")
    raise
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Couldn't get policy '#{policy_arn}'. Here's why: #{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Attaches a policy to a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @param policy_arn [String] The policy ARN
  # @return [Boolean] true if successful, false otherwise
  def attach_policy_to_role(role_name, policy_arn)
    @iam_client.attach_role_policy(
      role_name: role_name,
      policy_arn: policy_arn
    )
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error attaching policy to role: #{e.message}")
    false
  end

  # Lists policy ARNs attached to a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @return [Array<String>] List of policy ARNs
  def list_attached_policy_arns(role_name)
    response = @iam_client.list_attached_role_policies(role_name: role_name)
    response.attached_policies.map(&:policy_arn)
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing policies attached to role: #{e.message}")
    []
  end

  # Detaches a policy from a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @param policy_arn [String] The policy ARN
  # @return [Boolean] true if successful, false otherwise
  def detach_policy_from_role(role_name, policy_arn)
    @iam_client.detach_role_policy(
      role_name: role_name,
      policy_arn: policy_arn
    )
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error detaching policy from role: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[AttachRolePolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/AttachRolePolicy)*中的。

### `AttachUserPolicy`
<a name="iam_AttachUserPolicy_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `AttachUserPolicy`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Attaches a policy to a user
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user
  # @param policy_arn [String] The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the policy
  # @return [Boolean] true if successful, false otherwise
  def attach_policy_to_user(user_name, policy_arn)
    @iam_client.attach_user_policy(
      user_name: user_name,
      policy_arn: policy_arn
    )
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error attaching policy to user: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[AttachUserPolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/AttachUserPolicy)*中的。

### `CreateAccessKey`
<a name="iam_CreateAccessKey_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateAccessKey`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
此示例模块会列出、创建、停用和删除访问密钥。  

```
# Manages access keys for IAM users
class AccessKeyManager
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
    @logger.progname = 'AccessKeyManager'
  end

  # Lists access keys for a user
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user.
  def list_access_keys(user_name)
    response = @iam_client.list_access_keys(user_name: user_name)
    if response.access_key_metadata.empty?
      @logger.info("No access keys found for user '#{user_name}'.")
    else
      response.access_key_metadata.map(&:access_key_id)
    end
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::NoSuchEntity
    @logger.error("Error listing access keys: cannot find user '#{user_name}'.")
    []
  rescue StandardError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing access keys: #{e.message}")
    []
  end

  # Creates an access key for a user
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user.
  # @return [Boolean]
  def create_access_key(user_name)
    response = @iam_client.create_access_key(user_name: user_name)
    access_key = response.access_key
    @logger.info("Access key created for user '#{user_name}': #{access_key.access_key_id}")
    access_key
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::LimitExceeded
    @logger.error('Error creating access key: limit exceeded. Cannot create more.')
    nil
  rescue StandardError => e
    @logger.error("Error creating access key: #{e.message}")
    nil
  end

  # Deactivates an access key
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user.
  # @param access_key_id [String] The ID for the access key.
  # @return [Boolean]
  def deactivate_access_key(user_name, access_key_id)
    @iam_client.update_access_key(
      user_name: user_name,
      access_key_id: access_key_id,
      status: 'Inactive'
    )
    true
  rescue StandardError => e
    @logger.error("Error deactivating access key: #{e.message}")
    false
  end

  # Deletes an access key
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user.
  # @param access_key_id [String] The ID for the access key.
  # @return [Boolean]
  def delete_access_key(user_name, access_key_id)
    @iam_client.delete_access_key(
      user_name: user_name,
      access_key_id: access_key_id
    )
    true
  rescue StandardError => e
    @logger.error("Error deleting access key: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateAccessKey](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/CreateAccessKey)*中的。

### `CreateAccountAlias`
<a name="iam_CreateAccountAlias_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateAccountAlias`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
列出、创建和删除账户别名。  

```
class IAMAliasManager
  # Initializes the IAM client and logger
  #
  # @param iam_client [Aws::IAM::Client] An initialized IAM client.
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Lists available AWS account aliases.
  def list_aliases
    response = @iam_client.list_account_aliases

    if response.account_aliases.count.positive?
      @logger.info('Account aliases are:')
      response.account_aliases.each { |account_alias| @logger.info("  #{account_alias}") }
    else
      @logger.info('No account aliases found.')
    end
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing account aliases: #{e.message}")
  end

  # Creates an AWS account alias.
  #
  # @param account_alias [String] The name of the account alias to create.
  # @return [Boolean] true if the account alias was created; otherwise, false.
  def create_account_alias(account_alias)
    @iam_client.create_account_alias(account_alias: account_alias)
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error creating account alias: #{e.message}")
    false
  end

  # Deletes an AWS account alias.
  #
  # @param account_alias [String] The name of the account alias to delete.
  # @return [Boolean] true if the account alias was deleted; otherwise, false.
  def delete_account_alias(account_alias)
    @iam_client.delete_account_alias(account_alias: account_alias)
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error deleting account alias: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateAccountAlias](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/CreateAccountAlias)*中的。

### `CreatePolicy`
<a name="iam_CreatePolicy_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreatePolicy`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
此示例模块会列出、创建、附加和分离角色策略。  

```
# Manages policies in AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)
class RolePolicyManager
  # Initialize with an AWS IAM client
  #
  # @param iam_client [Aws::IAM::Client] An initialized IAM client
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
    @logger.progname = 'PolicyManager'
  end

  # Creates a policy
  #
  # @param policy_name [String] The name of the policy
  # @param policy_document [Hash] The policy document
  # @return [String] The policy ARN if successful, otherwise nil
  def create_policy(policy_name, policy_document)
    response = @iam_client.create_policy(
      policy_name: policy_name,
      policy_document: policy_document.to_json
    )
    response.policy.arn
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error creating policy: #{e.message}")
    nil
  end

  # Fetches an IAM policy by its ARN
  # @param policy_arn [String] the ARN of the IAM policy to retrieve
  # @return [Aws::IAM::Types::GetPolicyResponse] the policy object if found
  def get_policy(policy_arn)
    response = @iam_client.get_policy(policy_arn: policy_arn)
    policy = response.policy
    @logger.info("Got policy '#{policy.policy_name}'. Its ID is: #{policy.policy_id}.")
    policy
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::NoSuchEntity
    @logger.error("Couldn't get policy '#{policy_arn}'. The policy does not exist.")
    raise
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Couldn't get policy '#{policy_arn}'. Here's why: #{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Attaches a policy to a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @param policy_arn [String] The policy ARN
  # @return [Boolean] true if successful, false otherwise
  def attach_policy_to_role(role_name, policy_arn)
    @iam_client.attach_role_policy(
      role_name: role_name,
      policy_arn: policy_arn
    )
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error attaching policy to role: #{e.message}")
    false
  end

  # Lists policy ARNs attached to a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @return [Array<String>] List of policy ARNs
  def list_attached_policy_arns(role_name)
    response = @iam_client.list_attached_role_policies(role_name: role_name)
    response.attached_policies.map(&:policy_arn)
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing policies attached to role: #{e.message}")
    []
  end

  # Detaches a policy from a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @param policy_arn [String] The policy ARN
  # @return [Boolean] true if successful, false otherwise
  def detach_policy_from_role(role_name, policy_arn)
    @iam_client.detach_role_policy(
      role_name: role_name,
      policy_arn: policy_arn
    )
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error detaching policy from role: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreatePolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/CreatePolicy)*中的。

### `CreateRole`
<a name="iam_CreateRole_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateRole`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Creates a role and attaches policies to it.
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role.
  # @param assume_role_policy_document [Hash] The trust relationship policy document.
  # @param policy_arns [Array<String>] The ARNs of the policies to attach.
  # @return [String, nil] The ARN of the new role if successful, or nil if an error occurred.
  def create_role(role_name, assume_role_policy_document, policy_arns)
    response = @iam_client.create_role(
      role_name: role_name,
      assume_role_policy_document: assume_role_policy_document.to_json
    )
    role_arn = response.role.arn

    policy_arns.each do |policy_arn|
      @iam_client.attach_role_policy(
        role_name: role_name,
        policy_arn: policy_arn
      )
    end

    role_arn
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error creating role: #{e.message}")
    nil
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateRole](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/CreateRole)*中的。

### `CreateServiceLinkedRole`
<a name="iam_CreateServiceLinkedRole_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateServiceLinkedRole`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Creates a service-linked role
  #
  # @param service_name [String] The service name to create the role for.
  # @param description [String] The description of the service-linked role.
  # @param suffix [String] Suffix for customizing role name.
  # @return [String] The name of the created role
  def create_service_linked_role(service_name, description, suffix)
    response = @iam_client.create_service_linked_role(
      aws_service_name: service_name, description: description, custom_suffix: suffix
    )
    role_name = response.role.role_name
    @logger.info("Created service-linked role #{role_name}.")
    role_name
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Couldn't create service-linked role for #{service_name}. Here's why:")
    @logger.error("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateServiceLinkedRole](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/CreateServiceLinkedRole)*中的。

### `CreateUser`
<a name="iam_CreateUser_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateUser`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Creates a user and their login profile
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user
  # @param initial_password [String] The initial password for the user
  # @return [String, nil] The ID of the user if created, or nil if an error occurred
  def create_user(user_name, initial_password)
    response = @iam_client.create_user(user_name: user_name)
    @iam_client.wait_until(:user_exists, user_name: user_name)
    @iam_client.create_login_profile(
      user_name: user_name,
      password: initial_password,
      password_reset_required: true
    )
    @logger.info("User '#{user_name}' created successfully.")
    response.user.user_id
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::EntityAlreadyExists
    @logger.error("Error creating user '#{user_name}': user already exists.")
    nil
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error creating user '#{user_name}': #{e.message}")
    nil
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateUser](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/CreateUser)*中的。

### `DeleteAccessKey`
<a name="iam_DeleteAccessKey_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteAccessKey`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
此示例模块会列出、创建、停用和删除访问密钥。  

```
# Manages access keys for IAM users
class AccessKeyManager
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
    @logger.progname = 'AccessKeyManager'
  end

  # Lists access keys for a user
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user.
  def list_access_keys(user_name)
    response = @iam_client.list_access_keys(user_name: user_name)
    if response.access_key_metadata.empty?
      @logger.info("No access keys found for user '#{user_name}'.")
    else
      response.access_key_metadata.map(&:access_key_id)
    end
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::NoSuchEntity
    @logger.error("Error listing access keys: cannot find user '#{user_name}'.")
    []
  rescue StandardError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing access keys: #{e.message}")
    []
  end

  # Creates an access key for a user
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user.
  # @return [Boolean]
  def create_access_key(user_name)
    response = @iam_client.create_access_key(user_name: user_name)
    access_key = response.access_key
    @logger.info("Access key created for user '#{user_name}': #{access_key.access_key_id}")
    access_key
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::LimitExceeded
    @logger.error('Error creating access key: limit exceeded. Cannot create more.')
    nil
  rescue StandardError => e
    @logger.error("Error creating access key: #{e.message}")
    nil
  end

  # Deactivates an access key
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user.
  # @param access_key_id [String] The ID for the access key.
  # @return [Boolean]
  def deactivate_access_key(user_name, access_key_id)
    @iam_client.update_access_key(
      user_name: user_name,
      access_key_id: access_key_id,
      status: 'Inactive'
    )
    true
  rescue StandardError => e
    @logger.error("Error deactivating access key: #{e.message}")
    false
  end

  # Deletes an access key
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user.
  # @param access_key_id [String] The ID for the access key.
  # @return [Boolean]
  def delete_access_key(user_name, access_key_id)
    @iam_client.delete_access_key(
      user_name: user_name,
      access_key_id: access_key_id
    )
    true
  rescue StandardError => e
    @logger.error("Error deleting access key: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteAccessKey](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/DeleteAccessKey)*中的。

### `DeleteAccountAlias`
<a name="iam_DeleteAccountAlias_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteAccountAlias`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
列出、创建和删除账户别名。  

```
class IAMAliasManager
  # Initializes the IAM client and logger
  #
  # @param iam_client [Aws::IAM::Client] An initialized IAM client.
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Lists available AWS account aliases.
  def list_aliases
    response = @iam_client.list_account_aliases

    if response.account_aliases.count.positive?
      @logger.info('Account aliases are:')
      response.account_aliases.each { |account_alias| @logger.info("  #{account_alias}") }
    else
      @logger.info('No account aliases found.')
    end
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing account aliases: #{e.message}")
  end

  # Creates an AWS account alias.
  #
  # @param account_alias [String] The name of the account alias to create.
  # @return [Boolean] true if the account alias was created; otherwise, false.
  def create_account_alias(account_alias)
    @iam_client.create_account_alias(account_alias: account_alias)
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error creating account alias: #{e.message}")
    false
  end

  # Deletes an AWS account alias.
  #
  # @param account_alias [String] The name of the account alias to delete.
  # @return [Boolean] true if the account alias was deleted; otherwise, false.
  def delete_account_alias(account_alias)
    @iam_client.delete_account_alias(account_alias: account_alias)
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error deleting account alias: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteAccountAlias](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/DeleteAccountAlias)*中的。

### `DeleteRole`
<a name="iam_DeleteRole_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteRole`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Deletes a role and its attached policies.
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role to delete.
  def delete_role(role_name)
    # Detach and delete attached policies
    @iam_client.list_attached_role_policies(role_name: role_name).each do |response|
      response.attached_policies.each do |policy|
        @iam_client.detach_role_policy({
                                         role_name: role_name,
                                         policy_arn: policy.policy_arn
                                       })
        # Check if the policy is a customer managed policy (not AWS managed)
        unless policy.policy_arn.include?('aws:policy/')
          @iam_client.delete_policy({ policy_arn: policy.policy_arn })
          @logger.info("Deleted customer managed policy #{policy.policy_name}.")
        end
      end
    end

    # Delete the role
    @iam_client.delete_role({ role_name: role_name })
    @logger.info("Deleted role #{role_name}.")
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Couldn't detach policies and delete role #{role_name}. Here's why:")
    @logger.error("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteRole](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/DeleteRole)*中的。

### `DeleteServerCertificate`
<a name="iam_DeleteServerCertificate_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteServerCertificate`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
列出、更新和删除服务器证书。  

```
class ServerCertificateManager
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
    @logger.progname = 'ServerCertificateManager'
  end

  # Creates a new server certificate.
  # @param name [String] the name of the server certificate
  # @param certificate_body [String] the contents of the certificate
  # @param private_key [String] the private key contents
  # @return [Boolean] returns true if the certificate was successfully created
  def create_server_certificate(name, certificate_body, private_key)
    @iam_client.upload_server_certificate({
                                            server_certificate_name: name,
                                            certificate_body: certificate_body,
                                            private_key: private_key
                                          })
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Failed to create server certificate: #{e.message}"
    false
  end

  # Lists available server certificate names.
  def list_server_certificate_names
    response = @iam_client.list_server_certificates

    if response.server_certificate_metadata_list.empty?
      @logger.info('No server certificates found.')
      return
    end

    response.server_certificate_metadata_list.each do |certificate_metadata|
      @logger.info("Certificate Name: #{certificate_metadata.server_certificate_name}")
    end
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing server certificates: #{e.message}")
  end

  # Updates the name of a server certificate.
  def update_server_certificate_name(current_name, new_name)
    @iam_client.update_server_certificate(
      server_certificate_name: current_name,
      new_server_certificate_name: new_name
    )
    @logger.info("Server certificate name updated from '#{current_name}' to '#{new_name}'.")
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error updating server certificate name: #{e.message}")
    false
  end

  # Deletes a server certificate.
  def delete_server_certificate(name)
    @iam_client.delete_server_certificate(server_certificate_name: name)
    @logger.info("Server certificate '#{name}' deleted.")
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error deleting server certificate: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteServerCertificate](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/DeleteServerCertificate)*中的。

### `DeleteServiceLinkedRole`
<a name="iam_DeleteServiceLinkedRole_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteServiceLinkedRole`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Deletes a service-linked role.
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role to delete.
  def delete_service_linked_role(role_name)
    response = @iam_client.delete_service_linked_role(role_name: role_name)
    task_id = response.deletion_task_id
    check_deletion_status(role_name, task_id)
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    handle_deletion_error(e, role_name)
  end

  private

  # Checks the deletion status of a service-linked role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role being deleted
  # @param task_id [String] The task ID for the deletion process
  def check_deletion_status(role_name, task_id)
    loop do
      response = @iam_client.get_service_linked_role_deletion_status(
        deletion_task_id: task_id
      )
      status = response.status
      @logger.info("Deletion of #{role_name} #{status}.")
      break if %w[SUCCEEDED FAILED].include?(status)

      sleep(3)
    end
  end

  # Handles deletion error
  #
  # @param e [Aws::Errors::ServiceError] The error encountered during deletion
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role attempted to delete
  def handle_deletion_error(e, role_name)
    return if e.code == 'NoSuchEntity'

    @logger.error("Couldn't delete #{role_name}. Here's why:")
    @logger.error("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteServiceLinkedRole](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/DeleteServiceLinkedRole)*中的。

### `DeleteUser`
<a name="iam_DeleteUser_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteUser`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Deletes a user and their associated resources
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user to delete
  def delete_user(user_name)
    user = @iam_client.list_access_keys(user_name: user_name).access_key_metadata
    user.each do |key|
      @iam_client.delete_access_key({ access_key_id: key.access_key_id, user_name: user_name })
      @logger.info("Deleted access key #{key.access_key_id} for user '#{user_name}'.")
    end

    @iam_client.delete_user(user_name: user_name)
    @logger.info("Deleted user '#{user_name}'.")
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error deleting user '#{user_name}': #{e.message}")
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteUser](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/DeleteUser)*中的。

### `DeleteUserPolicy`
<a name="iam_DeleteUserPolicy_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteUserPolicy`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Deletes a user and their associated resources
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user to delete
  def delete_user(user_name)
    user = @iam_client.list_access_keys(user_name: user_name).access_key_metadata
    user.each do |key|
      @iam_client.delete_access_key({ access_key_id: key.access_key_id, user_name: user_name })
      @logger.info("Deleted access key #{key.access_key_id} for user '#{user_name}'.")
    end

    @iam_client.delete_user(user_name: user_name)
    @logger.info("Deleted user '#{user_name}'.")
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error deleting user '#{user_name}': #{e.message}")
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteUserPolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/DeleteUserPolicy)*中的。

### `DetachRolePolicy`
<a name="iam_DetachRolePolicy_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DetachRolePolicy`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
此示例模块会列出、创建、附加和分离角色策略。  

```
# Manages policies in AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)
class RolePolicyManager
  # Initialize with an AWS IAM client
  #
  # @param iam_client [Aws::IAM::Client] An initialized IAM client
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
    @logger.progname = 'PolicyManager'
  end

  # Creates a policy
  #
  # @param policy_name [String] The name of the policy
  # @param policy_document [Hash] The policy document
  # @return [String] The policy ARN if successful, otherwise nil
  def create_policy(policy_name, policy_document)
    response = @iam_client.create_policy(
      policy_name: policy_name,
      policy_document: policy_document.to_json
    )
    response.policy.arn
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error creating policy: #{e.message}")
    nil
  end

  # Fetches an IAM policy by its ARN
  # @param policy_arn [String] the ARN of the IAM policy to retrieve
  # @return [Aws::IAM::Types::GetPolicyResponse] the policy object if found
  def get_policy(policy_arn)
    response = @iam_client.get_policy(policy_arn: policy_arn)
    policy = response.policy
    @logger.info("Got policy '#{policy.policy_name}'. Its ID is: #{policy.policy_id}.")
    policy
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::NoSuchEntity
    @logger.error("Couldn't get policy '#{policy_arn}'. The policy does not exist.")
    raise
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Couldn't get policy '#{policy_arn}'. Here's why: #{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Attaches a policy to a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @param policy_arn [String] The policy ARN
  # @return [Boolean] true if successful, false otherwise
  def attach_policy_to_role(role_name, policy_arn)
    @iam_client.attach_role_policy(
      role_name: role_name,
      policy_arn: policy_arn
    )
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error attaching policy to role: #{e.message}")
    false
  end

  # Lists policy ARNs attached to a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @return [Array<String>] List of policy ARNs
  def list_attached_policy_arns(role_name)
    response = @iam_client.list_attached_role_policies(role_name: role_name)
    response.attached_policies.map(&:policy_arn)
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing policies attached to role: #{e.message}")
    []
  end

  # Detaches a policy from a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @param policy_arn [String] The policy ARN
  # @return [Boolean] true if successful, false otherwise
  def detach_policy_from_role(role_name, policy_arn)
    @iam_client.detach_role_policy(
      role_name: role_name,
      policy_arn: policy_arn
    )
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error detaching policy from role: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DetachRolePolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/DetachRolePolicy)*中的。

### `DetachUserPolicy`
<a name="iam_DetachUserPolicy_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DetachUserPolicy`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Detaches a policy from a user
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user
  # @param policy_arn [String] The ARN of the policy to detach
  # @return [Boolean] true if the policy was successfully detached, false otherwise
  def detach_user_policy(user_name, policy_arn)
    @iam_client.detach_user_policy(
      user_name: user_name,
      policy_arn: policy_arn
    )
    @logger.info("Policy '#{policy_arn}' detached from user '#{user_name}' successfully.")
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::NoSuchEntity
    @logger.error('Error detaching policy: Policy or user does not exist.')
    false
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error detaching policy from user '#{user_name}': #{e.message}")
    false
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DetachUserPolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/DetachUserPolicy)*中的。

### `GetAccountPasswordPolicy`
<a name="iam_GetAccountPasswordPolicy_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetAccountPasswordPolicy`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Class to manage IAM account password policies
class PasswordPolicyManager
  attr_accessor :iam_client, :logger

  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
    @logger.progname = 'IAMPolicyManager'
  end

  # Retrieves and logs the account password policy
  def print_account_password_policy
    response = @iam_client.get_account_password_policy
    @logger.info("The account password policy is: #{response.password_policy.to_h}")
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::NoSuchEntity
    @logger.info('The account does not have a password policy.')
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Couldn't print the account password policy. Error: #{e.code} - #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[GetAccountPasswordPolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/GetAccountPasswordPolicy)*中的。

### `GetPolicy`
<a name="iam_GetPolicy_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetPolicy`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Fetches an IAM policy by its ARN
  # @param policy_arn [String] the ARN of the IAM policy to retrieve
  # @return [Aws::IAM::Types::GetPolicyResponse] the policy object if found
  def get_policy(policy_arn)
    response = @iam_client.get_policy(policy_arn: policy_arn)
    policy = response.policy
    @logger.info("Got policy '#{policy.policy_name}'. Its ID is: #{policy.policy_id}.")
    policy
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::NoSuchEntity
    @logger.error("Couldn't get policy '#{policy_arn}'. The policy does not exist.")
    raise
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Couldn't get policy '#{policy_arn}'. Here's why: #{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[GetPolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/GetPolicy)*中的。

### `GetRole`
<a name="iam_GetRole_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetRole`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Gets data about a role.
  #
  # @param name [String] The name of the role to look up.
  # @return [Aws::IAM::Role] The retrieved role.
  def get_role(name)
    role = @iam_client.get_role({
                                  role_name: name
                                }).role
    puts("Got data for role '#{role.role_name}'. Its ARN is '#{role.arn}'.")
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't get data for role '#{name}' Here's why:")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  else
    role
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[GetRole](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/GetRole)*中的。

### `GetUser`
<a name="iam_GetUser_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetUser`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Retrieves a user's details
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user to retrieve
  # @return [Aws::IAM::Types::User, nil] The user object if found, or nil if an error occurred
  def get_user(user_name)
    response = @iam_client.get_user(user_name: user_name)
    response.user
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::NoSuchEntity
    @logger.error("User '#{user_name}' not found.")
    nil
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error retrieving user '#{user_name}': #{e.message}")
    nil
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[GetUser](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/GetUser)*中的。

### `ListAccessKeys`
<a name="iam_ListAccessKeys_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListAccessKeys`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
此示例模块会列出、创建、停用和删除访问密钥。  

```
# Manages access keys for IAM users
class AccessKeyManager
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
    @logger.progname = 'AccessKeyManager'
  end

  # Lists access keys for a user
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user.
  def list_access_keys(user_name)
    response = @iam_client.list_access_keys(user_name: user_name)
    if response.access_key_metadata.empty?
      @logger.info("No access keys found for user '#{user_name}'.")
    else
      response.access_key_metadata.map(&:access_key_id)
    end
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::NoSuchEntity
    @logger.error("Error listing access keys: cannot find user '#{user_name}'.")
    []
  rescue StandardError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing access keys: #{e.message}")
    []
  end

  # Creates an access key for a user
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user.
  # @return [Boolean]
  def create_access_key(user_name)
    response = @iam_client.create_access_key(user_name: user_name)
    access_key = response.access_key
    @logger.info("Access key created for user '#{user_name}': #{access_key.access_key_id}")
    access_key
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::LimitExceeded
    @logger.error('Error creating access key: limit exceeded. Cannot create more.')
    nil
  rescue StandardError => e
    @logger.error("Error creating access key: #{e.message}")
    nil
  end

  # Deactivates an access key
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user.
  # @param access_key_id [String] The ID for the access key.
  # @return [Boolean]
  def deactivate_access_key(user_name, access_key_id)
    @iam_client.update_access_key(
      user_name: user_name,
      access_key_id: access_key_id,
      status: 'Inactive'
    )
    true
  rescue StandardError => e
    @logger.error("Error deactivating access key: #{e.message}")
    false
  end

  # Deletes an access key
  #
  # @param user_name [String] The name of the user.
  # @param access_key_id [String] The ID for the access key.
  # @return [Boolean]
  def delete_access_key(user_name, access_key_id)
    @iam_client.delete_access_key(
      user_name: user_name,
      access_key_id: access_key_id
    )
    true
  rescue StandardError => e
    @logger.error("Error deleting access key: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListAccessKeys](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/ListAccessKeys)*中的。

### `ListAccountAliases`
<a name="iam_ListAccountAliases_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListAccountAliases`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
列出、创建和删除账户别名。  

```
class IAMAliasManager
  # Initializes the IAM client and logger
  #
  # @param iam_client [Aws::IAM::Client] An initialized IAM client.
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Lists available AWS account aliases.
  def list_aliases
    response = @iam_client.list_account_aliases

    if response.account_aliases.count.positive?
      @logger.info('Account aliases are:')
      response.account_aliases.each { |account_alias| @logger.info("  #{account_alias}") }
    else
      @logger.info('No account aliases found.')
    end
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing account aliases: #{e.message}")
  end

  # Creates an AWS account alias.
  #
  # @param account_alias [String] The name of the account alias to create.
  # @return [Boolean] true if the account alias was created; otherwise, false.
  def create_account_alias(account_alias)
    @iam_client.create_account_alias(account_alias: account_alias)
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error creating account alias: #{e.message}")
    false
  end

  # Deletes an AWS account alias.
  #
  # @param account_alias [String] The name of the account alias to delete.
  # @return [Boolean] true if the account alias was deleted; otherwise, false.
  def delete_account_alias(account_alias)
    @iam_client.delete_account_alias(account_alias: account_alias)
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error deleting account alias: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListAccountAliases](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/ListAccountAliases)*中的。

### `ListAttachedRolePolicies`
<a name="iam_ListAttachedRolePolicies_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListAttachedRolePolicies`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
此示例模块会列出、创建、附加和分离角色策略。  

```
# Manages policies in AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)
class RolePolicyManager
  # Initialize with an AWS IAM client
  #
  # @param iam_client [Aws::IAM::Client] An initialized IAM client
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
    @logger.progname = 'PolicyManager'
  end

  # Creates a policy
  #
  # @param policy_name [String] The name of the policy
  # @param policy_document [Hash] The policy document
  # @return [String] The policy ARN if successful, otherwise nil
  def create_policy(policy_name, policy_document)
    response = @iam_client.create_policy(
      policy_name: policy_name,
      policy_document: policy_document.to_json
    )
    response.policy.arn
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error creating policy: #{e.message}")
    nil
  end

  # Fetches an IAM policy by its ARN
  # @param policy_arn [String] the ARN of the IAM policy to retrieve
  # @return [Aws::IAM::Types::GetPolicyResponse] the policy object if found
  def get_policy(policy_arn)
    response = @iam_client.get_policy(policy_arn: policy_arn)
    policy = response.policy
    @logger.info("Got policy '#{policy.policy_name}'. Its ID is: #{policy.policy_id}.")
    policy
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::NoSuchEntity
    @logger.error("Couldn't get policy '#{policy_arn}'. The policy does not exist.")
    raise
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Couldn't get policy '#{policy_arn}'. Here's why: #{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Attaches a policy to a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @param policy_arn [String] The policy ARN
  # @return [Boolean] true if successful, false otherwise
  def attach_policy_to_role(role_name, policy_arn)
    @iam_client.attach_role_policy(
      role_name: role_name,
      policy_arn: policy_arn
    )
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error attaching policy to role: #{e.message}")
    false
  end

  # Lists policy ARNs attached to a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @return [Array<String>] List of policy ARNs
  def list_attached_policy_arns(role_name)
    response = @iam_client.list_attached_role_policies(role_name: role_name)
    response.attached_policies.map(&:policy_arn)
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing policies attached to role: #{e.message}")
    []
  end

  # Detaches a policy from a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @param policy_arn [String] The policy ARN
  # @return [Boolean] true if successful, false otherwise
  def detach_policy_from_role(role_name, policy_arn)
    @iam_client.detach_role_policy(
      role_name: role_name,
      policy_arn: policy_arn
    )
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error detaching policy from role: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListAttachedRolePolicies](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/ListAttachedRolePolicies)*中的。

### `ListGroups`
<a name="iam_ListGroups_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListGroups`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# A class to manage IAM operations via the AWS SDK client
class IamGroupManager
  # Initializes the IamGroupManager class
  # @param iam_client [Aws::IAM::Client] An instance of the IAM client
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Lists up to a specified number of groups for the account.
  # @param count [Integer] The maximum number of groups to list.
  # @return [Aws::IAM::Client::Response]
  def list_groups(count)
    response = @iam_client.list_groups(max_items: count)
    response.groups.each do |group|
      @logger.info("\t#{group.group_name}")
    end
    response
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Couldn't list groups for the account. Here's why:")
    @logger.error("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListGroups](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/ListGroups)*中的。

### `ListPolicies`
<a name="iam_ListPolicies_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListPolicies`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
此示例模块会列出、创建、附加和分离角色策略。  

```
# Manages policies in AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)
class RolePolicyManager
  # Initialize with an AWS IAM client
  #
  # @param iam_client [Aws::IAM::Client] An initialized IAM client
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
    @logger.progname = 'PolicyManager'
  end

  # Creates a policy
  #
  # @param policy_name [String] The name of the policy
  # @param policy_document [Hash] The policy document
  # @return [String] The policy ARN if successful, otherwise nil
  def create_policy(policy_name, policy_document)
    response = @iam_client.create_policy(
      policy_name: policy_name,
      policy_document: policy_document.to_json
    )
    response.policy.arn
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error creating policy: #{e.message}")
    nil
  end

  # Fetches an IAM policy by its ARN
  # @param policy_arn [String] the ARN of the IAM policy to retrieve
  # @return [Aws::IAM::Types::GetPolicyResponse] the policy object if found
  def get_policy(policy_arn)
    response = @iam_client.get_policy(policy_arn: policy_arn)
    policy = response.policy
    @logger.info("Got policy '#{policy.policy_name}'. Its ID is: #{policy.policy_id}.")
    policy
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::NoSuchEntity
    @logger.error("Couldn't get policy '#{policy_arn}'. The policy does not exist.")
    raise
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Couldn't get policy '#{policy_arn}'. Here's why: #{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Attaches a policy to a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @param policy_arn [String] The policy ARN
  # @return [Boolean] true if successful, false otherwise
  def attach_policy_to_role(role_name, policy_arn)
    @iam_client.attach_role_policy(
      role_name: role_name,
      policy_arn: policy_arn
    )
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error attaching policy to role: #{e.message}")
    false
  end

  # Lists policy ARNs attached to a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @return [Array<String>] List of policy ARNs
  def list_attached_policy_arns(role_name)
    response = @iam_client.list_attached_role_policies(role_name: role_name)
    response.attached_policies.map(&:policy_arn)
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing policies attached to role: #{e.message}")
    []
  end

  # Detaches a policy from a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @param policy_arn [String] The policy ARN
  # @return [Boolean] true if successful, false otherwise
  def detach_policy_from_role(role_name, policy_arn)
    @iam_client.detach_role_policy(
      role_name: role_name,
      policy_arn: policy_arn
    )
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error detaching policy from role: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListPolicies](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/ListPolicies)*中的。

### `ListRolePolicies`
<a name="iam_ListRolePolicies_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListRolePolicies`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Lists policy ARNs attached to a role
  #
  # @param role_name [String] The name of the role
  # @return [Array<String>] List of policy ARNs
  def list_attached_policy_arns(role_name)
    response = @iam_client.list_attached_role_policies(role_name: role_name)
    response.attached_policies.map(&:policy_arn)
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing policies attached to role: #{e.message}")
    []
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListRolePolicies](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/ListRolePolicies)*中的。

### `ListRoles`
<a name="iam_ListRoles_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListRoles`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Lists IAM roles up to a specified count.
  # @param count [Integer] the maximum number of roles to list.
  # @return [Array<String>] the names of the roles.
  def list_roles(count)
    role_names = []
    roles_counted = 0

    @iam_client.list_roles.each_page do |page|
      page.roles.each do |role|
        break if roles_counted >= count

        @logger.info("\t#{roles_counted + 1}: #{role.role_name}")
        role_names << role.role_name
        roles_counted += 1
      end
      break if roles_counted >= count
    end

    role_names
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Couldn't list roles for the account. Here's why:")
    @logger.error("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListRoles](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/ListRoles)*中的。

### `ListSAMLProviders`
<a name="iam_ListSAMLProviders_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListSAMLProviders`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class SamlProviderLister
  # Initializes the SamlProviderLister with IAM client and a logger.
  # @param iam_client [Aws::IAM::Client] The IAM client object.
  # @param logger [Logger] The logger object for logging output.
  def initialize(iam_client, logger = Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
  end

  # Lists up to a specified number of SAML providers for the account.
  # @param count [Integer] The maximum number of providers to list.
  # @return [Aws::IAM::Client::Response]
  def list_saml_providers(count)
    response = @iam_client.list_saml_providers
    response.saml_provider_list.take(count).each do |provider|
      @logger.info("\t#{provider.arn}")
    end
    response
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Couldn't list SAML providers. Here's why:")
    @logger.error("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考SAMLProviders*中的[列表](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/ListSAMLProviders)。

### `ListServerCertificates`
<a name="iam_ListServerCertificates_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListServerCertificates`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
列出、更新和删除服务器证书。  

```
class ServerCertificateManager
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
    @logger.progname = 'ServerCertificateManager'
  end

  # Creates a new server certificate.
  # @param name [String] the name of the server certificate
  # @param certificate_body [String] the contents of the certificate
  # @param private_key [String] the private key contents
  # @return [Boolean] returns true if the certificate was successfully created
  def create_server_certificate(name, certificate_body, private_key)
    @iam_client.upload_server_certificate({
                                            server_certificate_name: name,
                                            certificate_body: certificate_body,
                                            private_key: private_key
                                          })
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Failed to create server certificate: #{e.message}"
    false
  end

  # Lists available server certificate names.
  def list_server_certificate_names
    response = @iam_client.list_server_certificates

    if response.server_certificate_metadata_list.empty?
      @logger.info('No server certificates found.')
      return
    end

    response.server_certificate_metadata_list.each do |certificate_metadata|
      @logger.info("Certificate Name: #{certificate_metadata.server_certificate_name}")
    end
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing server certificates: #{e.message}")
  end

  # Updates the name of a server certificate.
  def update_server_certificate_name(current_name, new_name)
    @iam_client.update_server_certificate(
      server_certificate_name: current_name,
      new_server_certificate_name: new_name
    )
    @logger.info("Server certificate name updated from '#{current_name}' to '#{new_name}'.")
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error updating server certificate name: #{e.message}")
    false
  end

  # Deletes a server certificate.
  def delete_server_certificate(name)
    @iam_client.delete_server_certificate(server_certificate_name: name)
    @logger.info("Server certificate '#{name}' deleted.")
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error deleting server certificate: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListServerCertificates](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/ListServerCertificates)*中的。

### `ListUsers`
<a name="iam_ListUsers_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListUsers`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Lists all users in the AWS account
  #
  # @return [Array<Aws::IAM::Types::User>] An array of user objects
  def list_users
    users = []
    @iam_client.list_users.each_page do |page|
      page.users.each do |user|
        users << user
      end
    end
    users
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing users: #{e.message}")
    []
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListUsers](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/ListUsers)*中的。

### `PutUserPolicy`
<a name="iam_PutUserPolicy_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `PutUserPolicy`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Creates an inline policy for a specified user.
  # @param username [String] The name of the IAM user.
  # @param policy_name [String] The name of the policy to create.
  # @param policy_document [String] The JSON policy document.
  # @return [Boolean]
  def create_user_policy(username, policy_name, policy_document)
    @iam_client.put_user_policy({
                                  user_name: username,
                                  policy_name: policy_name,
                                  policy_document: policy_document
                                })
    @logger.info("Policy #{policy_name} created for user #{username}.")
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Couldn't create policy #{policy_name} for user #{username}. Here's why:")
    @logger.error("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[PutUserPolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/PutUserPolicy)*中的。

### `UpdateServerCertificate`
<a name="iam_UpdateServerCertificate_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `UpdateServerCertificate`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
列出、更新和删除服务器证书。  

```
class ServerCertificateManager
  def initialize(iam_client, logger: Logger.new($stdout))
    @iam_client = iam_client
    @logger = logger
    @logger.progname = 'ServerCertificateManager'
  end

  # Creates a new server certificate.
  # @param name [String] the name of the server certificate
  # @param certificate_body [String] the contents of the certificate
  # @param private_key [String] the private key contents
  # @return [Boolean] returns true if the certificate was successfully created
  def create_server_certificate(name, certificate_body, private_key)
    @iam_client.upload_server_certificate({
                                            server_certificate_name: name,
                                            certificate_body: certificate_body,
                                            private_key: private_key
                                          })
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Failed to create server certificate: #{e.message}"
    false
  end

  # Lists available server certificate names.
  def list_server_certificate_names
    response = @iam_client.list_server_certificates

    if response.server_certificate_metadata_list.empty?
      @logger.info('No server certificates found.')
      return
    end

    response.server_certificate_metadata_list.each do |certificate_metadata|
      @logger.info("Certificate Name: #{certificate_metadata.server_certificate_name}")
    end
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing server certificates: #{e.message}")
  end

  # Updates the name of a server certificate.
  def update_server_certificate_name(current_name, new_name)
    @iam_client.update_server_certificate(
      server_certificate_name: current_name,
      new_server_certificate_name: new_name
    )
    @logger.info("Server certificate name updated from '#{current_name}' to '#{new_name}'.")
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error updating server certificate name: #{e.message}")
    false
  end

  # Deletes a server certificate.
  def delete_server_certificate(name)
    @iam_client.delete_server_certificate(server_certificate_name: name)
    @logger.info("Server certificate '#{name}' deleted.")
    true
  rescue Aws::IAM::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error deleting server certificate: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[UpdateServerCertificate](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/UpdateServerCertificate)*中的。

### `UpdateUser`
<a name="iam_UpdateUser_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `UpdateUser`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Updates an IAM user's name
  #
  # @param current_name [String] The current name of the user
  # @param new_name [String] The new name of the user
  def update_user_name(current_name, new_name)
    @iam_client.update_user(user_name: current_name, new_user_name: new_name)
    true
  rescue StandardError => e
    @logger.error("Error updating user name from '#{current_name}' to '#{new_name}': #{e.message}")
    false
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[UpdateUser](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/iam-2010-05-08/UpdateUser)*中的。

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Kinesis 示例
<a name="ruby_kinesis_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 与 Kinesis 配合使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [无服务器示例](#serverless_examples)

## 无服务器示例
<a name="serverless_examples"></a>

### 通过 Kinesis 触发器调用 Lambda 函数
<a name="serverless_Kinesis_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何实现一个 Lambda 函数，该函数接收因接收来自 Kinesis 流的记录而触发的事件。该函数检索 Kinesis 有效负载，将 Base64 解码，并记录下记录内容。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-kinesis-to-lambda)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
通过 Ruby 将 Kinesis 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。  

```
# Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
require 'aws-sdk'

def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  event['Records'].each do |record|
    begin
      puts "Processed Kinesis Event - EventID: #{record['eventID']}"
      record_data = get_record_data_async(record['kinesis'])
      puts "Record Data: #{record_data}"
      # TODO: Do interesting work based on the new data
    rescue => err
      $stderr.puts "An error occurred #{err}"
      raise err
    end
  end
  puts "Successfully processed #{event['Records'].length} records."
end

def get_record_data_async(payload)
  data = Base64.decode64(payload['data']).force_encoding('UTF-8')
  # Placeholder for actual async work
  # You can use Ruby's asynchronous programming tools like async/await or fibers here.
  return data
end
```

### 通过 Kinesis 触发器报告 Lambda 函数批处理项目失败
<a name="serverless_Kinesis_Lambda_batch_item_failures_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何为接收来自 Kinesis 流的事件的 Lambda 函数实现部分批处理响应。该函数在响应中报告批处理项目失败，并指示 Lambda 稍后重试这些消息。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-kinesis-to-lambda-with-batch-item-handling)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
报告通过 Ruby 进行 Lambda Kinesis 批处理项目失败。  

```
# Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
require 'aws-sdk'

def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  batch_item_failures = []

  event['Records'].each do |record|
    begin
      puts "Processed Kinesis Event - EventID: #{record['eventID']}"
      record_data = get_record_data_async(record['kinesis'])
      puts "Record Data: #{record_data}"
      # TODO: Do interesting work based on the new data
    rescue StandardError => err
      puts "An error occurred #{err}"
      # Since we are working with streams, we can return the failed item immediately.
      # Lambda will immediately begin to retry processing from this failed item onwards.
      return { batchItemFailures: [{ itemIdentifier: record['kinesis']['sequenceNumber'] }] }
    end
  end

  puts "Successfully processed #{event['Records'].length} records."
  { batchItemFailures: batch_item_failures }
end

def get_record_data_async(payload)
  data = Base64.decode64(payload['data']).force_encoding('utf-8')
  # Placeholder for actual async work
  sleep(1)
  data
end
```

# AWS KMS 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的示例
<a name="ruby_kms_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用with来执行操作和实现常见场景 AWS KMS。 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [操作](#actions)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `CreateKey`
<a name="kms_CreateKey_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateKey`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/kms#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-kms' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

# Create a AWS KMS key.
# As long we are only encrypting small amounts of data (4 KiB or less) directly,
# a KMS key is fine for our purposes.
# For larger amounts of data,
# use the KMS key to encrypt a data encryption key (DEK).

client = Aws::KMS::Client.new

resp = client.create_key({
                           tags: [
                             {
                               tag_key: 'CreatedBy',
                               tag_value: 'ExampleUser'
                             }
                           ]
                         })

puts resp.key_metadata.key_id
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateKey](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/kms-2014-11-01/CreateKey)*中的。

### `Decrypt`
<a name="kms_Decrypt_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `Decrypt`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/kms#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-kms' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

# Decrypted blob

blob = '01020200785d68faeec386af1057904926253051eb2919d3c16078badf65b808b26dd057c101747cadf3593596e093d4ffbf22434a6d00000068306606092a864886f70d010706a0593057020100305206092a864886f70d010701301e060960864801650304012e3011040c9d629e573683972cdb7d94b30201108025b20b060591b02ca0deb0fbdfc2f86c8bfcb265947739851ad56f3adce91eba87c59691a9a1'
blob_packed = [blob].pack('H*')

client = Aws::KMS::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2')

resp = client.decrypt({
                        ciphertext_blob: blob_packed
                      })

puts 'Raw text: '
puts resp.plaintext
```
+  有关 API 详细信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API Reference》**中的 [Decrypt](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/kms-2014-11-01/Decrypt)。

### `Encrypt`
<a name="kms_Encrypt_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `Encrypt`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/kms#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-kms' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

# ARN of the AWS KMS key.
#
# Replace the fictitious key ARN with a valid key ID

keyId = 'arn:aws:kms:us-west-2:111122223333:key/1234abcd-12ab-34cd-56ef-1234567890ab'

text = '1234567890'

client = Aws::KMS::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2')

resp = client.encrypt({
                        key_id: keyId,
                        plaintext: text
                      })

# Display a readable version of the resulting encrypted blob.
puts 'Blob:'
puts resp.ciphertext_blob.unpack('H*')
```
+  有关 API 详细信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API Reference》**中的 [Encrypt](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/kms-2014-11-01/Encrypt)。

### `ReEncrypt`
<a name="kms_ReEncrypt_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ReEncrypt`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/kms#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-kms' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

# Human-readable version of the ciphertext of the data to reencrypt.

blob = '01020200785d68faeec386af1057904926253051eb2919d3c16078badf65b808b26dd057c101747cadf3593596e093d4ffbf22434a6d00000068306606092a864886f70d010706a0593057020100305206092a864886f70d010701301e060960864801650304012e3011040c9d629e573683972cdb7d94b30201108025b20b060591b02ca0deb0fbdfc2f86c8bfcb265947739851ad56f3adce91eba87c59691a9a1'
sourceCiphertextBlob = [blob].pack('H*')

# Replace the fictitious key ARN with a valid key ID

destinationKeyId = 'arn:aws:kms:us-west-2:111122223333:key/0987dcba-09fe-87dc-65ba-ab0987654321'

client = Aws::KMS::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2')

resp = client.re_encrypt({
                           ciphertext_blob: sourceCiphertextBlob,
                           destination_key_id: destinationKeyId
                         })

# Display a readable version of the resulting re-encrypted blob.
puts 'Blob:'
puts resp.ciphertext_blob.unpack('H*')
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ReEncrypt](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/kms-2014-11-01/ReEncrypt)*中的。

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Lambda 示例
<a name="ruby_lambda_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用 with Lambda 来执行操作和实现常见场景。 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 

*基本功能*是向您展示如何在服务中执行基本操作的代码示例。

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

*场景*是向您演示如何通过在一个服务中调用多个函数或与其他 AWS 服务结合来完成特定任务的代码示例。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [开始使用](#get_started)
+ [基本功能](#basics)
+ [操作](#actions)
+ [场景](#scenarios)
+ [无服务器示例](#serverless_examples)

## 开始使用
<a name="get_started"></a>

### 开始使用 Lambda
<a name="lambda_Hello_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何开始使用 Lambda。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/lambda#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-lambda'

# Creates an AWS Lambda client using the default credentials and configuration
def lambda_client
  Aws::Lambda::Client.new
end

# Lists the Lambda functions in your AWS account, paginating the results if necessary
def list_lambda_functions
  lambda = lambda_client

  # Use a pagination iterator to list all functions
  functions = []
  lambda.list_functions.each_page do |page|
    functions.concat(page.functions)
  end

  # Print the name and ARN of each function
  functions.each do |function|
    puts "Function name: #{function.function_name}"
    puts "Function ARN: #{function.function_arn}"
    puts
  end

  puts "Total functions: #{functions.count}"
end

list_lambda_functions if __FILE__ == $PROGRAM_NAME
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListFunctions](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/lambda-2015-03-31/ListFunctions)*中的。

## 基本功能
<a name="basics"></a>

### 了解基本功能
<a name="lambda_Scenario_GettingStartedFunctions_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何：
+ 创建 IAM 角色和 Lambda 函数，然后上传处理程序代码。
+ 使用单个参数来调用函数并获取结果。
+ 更新函数代码并使用环境变量进行配置。
+ 使用新参数来调用函数并获取结果。显示返回的执行日志。
+ 列出账户函数，然后清除函数。

有关更多信息，请参阅[使用控制台创建 Lambda 函数](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/getting-started-create-function.html)。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/lambda#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
为能够写入日志的 Lambda 函数设置必备的 IAM 权限。  

```
  # Get an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) role.
  #
  # @param iam_role_name: The name of the role to retrieve.
  # @param action: Whether to create or destroy the IAM apparatus.
  # @return: The IAM role.
  def manage_iam(iam_role_name, action)
    case action
    when 'create'
      create_iam_role(iam_role_name)
    when 'destroy'
      destroy_iam_role(iam_role_name)
    else
      raise "Incorrect action provided. Must provide 'create' or 'destroy'"
    end
  end

  private

  def create_iam_role(iam_role_name)
    role_policy = {
      'Version': '2012-10-17',
      'Statement': [
        {
          'Effect': 'Allow',
          'Principal': { 'Service': 'lambda.amazonaws.com' },
          'Action': 'sts:AssumeRole'
        }
      ]
    }
    role = @iam_client.create_role(
      role_name: iam_role_name,
      assume_role_policy_document: role_policy.to_json
    )
    @iam_client.attach_role_policy(
      {
        policy_arn: 'arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/service-role/AWSLambdaBasicExecutionRole',
        role_name: iam_role_name
      }
    )
    wait_for_role_to_exist(iam_role_name)
    @logger.debug("Successfully created IAM role: #{role['role']['arn']}")
    sleep(10)
    [role, role_policy.to_json]
  end

  def destroy_iam_role(iam_role_name)
    @iam_client.detach_role_policy(
      {
        policy_arn: 'arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/service-role/AWSLambdaBasicExecutionRole',
        role_name: iam_role_name
      }
    )
    @iam_client.delete_role(role_name: iam_role_name)
    @logger.debug("Detached policy & deleted IAM role: #{iam_role_name}")
  end

  def wait_for_role_to_exist(iam_role_name)
    @iam_client.wait_until(:role_exists, { role_name: iam_role_name }) do |w|
      w.max_attempts = 5
      w.delay = 5
    end
  end
```
定义一个 Lambda 处理程序，用以递增作为调用参数提供的数字。  

```
require 'logger'

# A function that increments a whole number by one (1) and logs the result.
# Requires a manually-provided runtime parameter, 'number', which must be Int
#
# @param event [Hash] Parameters sent when the function is invoked
# @param context [Hash] Methods and properties that provide information
# about the invocation, function, and execution environment.
# @return incremented_number [String] The incremented number.
def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  logger = Logger.new($stdout)
  log_level = ENV['LOG_LEVEL']
  logger.level = case log_level
                 when 'debug'
                   Logger::DEBUG
                 when 'info'
                   Logger::INFO
                 else
                   Logger::ERROR
                 end
  logger.debug('This is a debug log message.')
  logger.info('This is an info log message. Code executed successfully!')
  number = event['number'].to_i
  incremented_number = number + 1
  logger.info("You provided #{number.round} and it was incremented to #{incremented_number.round}")
  incremented_number.round.to_s
end
```
将 Lambda 函数压缩到部署程序包中。  

```
  # Creates a Lambda deployment package in .zip format.
  #
  # @param source_file: The name of the object, without suffix, for the Lambda file and zip.
  # @return: The deployment package.
  def create_deployment_package(source_file)
    Dir.chdir(File.dirname(__FILE__))
    if File.exist?('lambda_function.zip')
      File.delete('lambda_function.zip')
      @logger.debug('Deleting old zip: lambda_function.zip')
    end
    Zip::File.open('lambda_function.zip', create: true) do |zipfile|
      zipfile.add('lambda_function.rb', "#{source_file}.rb")
    end
    @logger.debug("Zipping #{source_file}.rb into: lambda_function.zip.")
    File.read('lambda_function.zip').to_s
  rescue StandardError => e
    @logger.error("There was an error creating deployment package:\n #{e.message}")
  end
```
新建 Lambda 函数。  

```
  # Deploys a Lambda function.
  #
  # @param function_name: The name of the Lambda function.
  # @param handler_name: The fully qualified name of the handler function.
  # @param role_arn: The IAM role to use for the function.
  # @param deployment_package: The deployment package that contains the function code in .zip format.
  # @return: The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the newly created function.
  def create_function(function_name, handler_name, role_arn, deployment_package)
    response = @lambda_client.create_function({
                                                role: role_arn.to_s,
                                                function_name: function_name,
                                                handler: handler_name,
                                                runtime: 'ruby2.7',
                                                code: {
                                                  zip_file: deployment_package
                                                },
                                                environment: {
                                                  variables: {
                                                    'LOG_LEVEL' => 'info'
                                                  }
                                                }
                                              })
    @lambda_client.wait_until(:function_active_v2, { function_name: function_name }) do |w|
      w.max_attempts = 5
      w.delay = 5
    end
    response
  rescue Aws::Lambda::Errors::ServiceException => e
    @logger.error("There was an error creating #{function_name}:\n #{e.message}")
  rescue Aws::Waiters::Errors::WaiterFailed => e
    @logger.error("Failed waiting for #{function_name} to activate:\n #{e.message}")
  end
```
使用可选的运行时参数调用 Lambda 函数。  

```
  # Invokes a Lambda function.
  # @param function_name [String] The name of the function to invoke.
  # @param payload [nil] Payload containing runtime parameters.
  # @return [Object] The response from the function invocation.
  def invoke_function(function_name, payload = nil)
    params = { function_name: function_name }
    params[:payload] = payload unless payload.nil?
    @lambda_client.invoke(params)
  rescue Aws::Lambda::Errors::ServiceException => e
    @logger.error("There was an error executing #{function_name}:\n #{e.message}")
  end
```
更新 Lambda 函数的配置，以注入新的环境变量。  

```
  # Updates the environment variables for a Lambda function.
  # @param function_name: The name of the function to update.
  # @param log_level: The log level of the function.
  # @return: Data about the update, including the status.
  def update_function_configuration(function_name, log_level)
    @lambda_client.update_function_configuration({
                                                   function_name: function_name,
                                                   environment: {
                                                     variables: {
                                                       'LOG_LEVEL' => log_level
                                                     }
                                                   }
                                                 })
    @lambda_client.wait_until(:function_updated_v2, { function_name: function_name }) do |w|
      w.max_attempts = 5
      w.delay = 5
    end
  rescue Aws::Lambda::Errors::ServiceException => e
    @logger.error("There was an error updating configurations for #{function_name}:\n #{e.message}")
  rescue Aws::Waiters::Errors::WaiterFailed => e
    @logger.error("Failed waiting for #{function_name} to activate:\n #{e.message}")
  end
```
使用包含不同代码的不同部署程序包更新 Lambda 函数的代码。  

```
  # Updates the code for a Lambda function by submitting a .zip archive that contains
  # the code for the function.
  #
  # @param function_name: The name of the function to update.
  # @param deployment_package: The function code to update, packaged as bytes in
  #                            .zip format.
  # @return: Data about the update, including the status.
  def update_function_code(function_name, deployment_package)
    @lambda_client.update_function_code(
      function_name: function_name,
      zip_file: deployment_package
    )
    @lambda_client.wait_until(:function_updated_v2, { function_name: function_name }) do |w|
      w.max_attempts = 5
      w.delay = 5
    end
  rescue Aws::Lambda::Errors::ServiceException => e
    @logger.error("There was an error updating function code for: #{function_name}:\n #{e.message}")
    nil
  rescue Aws::Waiters::Errors::WaiterFailed => e
    @logger.error("Failed waiting for #{function_name} to update:\n #{e.message}")
  end
```
使用内置分页工具列出所有现有的 Lambda 函数。  

```
  # Lists the Lambda functions for the current account.
  def list_functions
    functions = []
    @lambda_client.list_functions.each do |response|
      response['functions'].each do |function|
        functions.append(function['function_name'])
      end
    end
    functions
  rescue Aws::Lambda::Errors::ServiceException => e
    @logger.error("There was an error listing functions:\n #{e.message}")
  end
```
删除特定的 Lambda 函数。  

```
  # Deletes a Lambda function.
  # @param function_name: The name of the function to delete.
  def delete_function(function_name)
    print "Deleting function: #{function_name}..."
    @lambda_client.delete_function(
      function_name: function_name
    )
    print 'Done!'.green
  rescue Aws::Lambda::Errors::ServiceException => e
    @logger.error("There was an error deleting #{function_name}:\n #{e.message}")
  end
```
+ 有关 API 详细信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API Reference》**中的以下主题。
  + [CreateFunction](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/lambda-2015-03-31/CreateFunction)
  + [DeleteFunction](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/lambda-2015-03-31/DeleteFunction)
  + [GetFunction](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/lambda-2015-03-31/GetFunction)
  + [Invoke](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/lambda-2015-03-31/Invoke)
  + [ListFunctions](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/lambda-2015-03-31/ListFunctions)
  + [UpdateFunctionCode](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/lambda-2015-03-31/UpdateFunctionCode)
  + [UpdateFunctionConfiguration](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/lambda-2015-03-31/UpdateFunctionConfiguration)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `CreateFunction`
<a name="lambda_CreateFunction_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateFunction`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/lambda#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class LambdaWrapper
  attr_accessor :lambda_client, :cloudwatch_client, :iam_client

  def initialize
    @lambda_client = Aws::Lambda::Client.new
    @cloudwatch_client = Aws::CloudWatchLogs::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @iam_client = Aws::IAM::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
    @logger.level = Logger::WARN
  end

  # Deploys a Lambda function.
  #
  # @param function_name: The name of the Lambda function.
  # @param handler_name: The fully qualified name of the handler function.
  # @param role_arn: The IAM role to use for the function.
  # @param deployment_package: The deployment package that contains the function code in .zip format.
  # @return: The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the newly created function.
  def create_function(function_name, handler_name, role_arn, deployment_package)
    response = @lambda_client.create_function({
                                                role: role_arn.to_s,
                                                function_name: function_name,
                                                handler: handler_name,
                                                runtime: 'ruby2.7',
                                                code: {
                                                  zip_file: deployment_package
                                                },
                                                environment: {
                                                  variables: {
                                                    'LOG_LEVEL' => 'info'
                                                  }
                                                }
                                              })
    @lambda_client.wait_until(:function_active_v2, { function_name: function_name }) do |w|
      w.max_attempts = 5
      w.delay = 5
    end
    response
  rescue Aws::Lambda::Errors::ServiceException => e
    @logger.error("There was an error creating #{function_name}:\n #{e.message}")
  rescue Aws::Waiters::Errors::WaiterFailed => e
    @logger.error("Failed waiting for #{function_name} to activate:\n #{e.message}")
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateFunction](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/lambda-2015-03-31/CreateFunction)*中的。

### `DeleteFunction`
<a name="lambda_DeleteFunction_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteFunction`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/lambda#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class LambdaWrapper
  attr_accessor :lambda_client, :cloudwatch_client, :iam_client

  def initialize
    @lambda_client = Aws::Lambda::Client.new
    @cloudwatch_client = Aws::CloudWatchLogs::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @iam_client = Aws::IAM::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
    @logger.level = Logger::WARN
  end

  # Deletes a Lambda function.
  # @param function_name: The name of the function to delete.
  def delete_function(function_name)
    print "Deleting function: #{function_name}..."
    @lambda_client.delete_function(
      function_name: function_name
    )
    print 'Done!'.green
  rescue Aws::Lambda::Errors::ServiceException => e
    @logger.error("There was an error deleting #{function_name}:\n #{e.message}")
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteFunction](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/lambda-2015-03-31/DeleteFunction)*中的。

### `GetFunction`
<a name="lambda_GetFunction_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetFunction`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/lambda#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class LambdaWrapper
  attr_accessor :lambda_client, :cloudwatch_client, :iam_client

  def initialize
    @lambda_client = Aws::Lambda::Client.new
    @cloudwatch_client = Aws::CloudWatchLogs::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @iam_client = Aws::IAM::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
    @logger.level = Logger::WARN
  end

  # Gets data about a Lambda function.
  #
  # @param function_name: The name of the function.
  # @return response: The function data, or nil if no such function exists.
  def get_function(function_name)
    @lambda_client.get_function(
      {
        function_name: function_name
      }
    )
  rescue Aws::Lambda::Errors::ResourceNotFoundException => e
    @logger.debug("Could not find function: #{function_name}:\n #{e.message}")
    nil
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[GetFunction](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/lambda-2015-03-31/GetFunction)*中的。

### `Invoke`
<a name="lambda_Invoke_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `Invoke`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/lambda#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class LambdaWrapper
  attr_accessor :lambda_client, :cloudwatch_client, :iam_client

  def initialize
    @lambda_client = Aws::Lambda::Client.new
    @cloudwatch_client = Aws::CloudWatchLogs::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @iam_client = Aws::IAM::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
    @logger.level = Logger::WARN
  end

  # Invokes a Lambda function.
  # @param function_name [String] The name of the function to invoke.
  # @param payload [nil] Payload containing runtime parameters.
  # @return [Object] The response from the function invocation.
  def invoke_function(function_name, payload = nil)
    params = { function_name: function_name }
    params[:payload] = payload unless payload.nil?
    @lambda_client.invoke(params)
  rescue Aws::Lambda::Errors::ServiceException => e
    @logger.error("There was an error executing #{function_name}:\n #{e.message}")
  end
```
+  有关 API 详细信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API Reference》**中的 [Invoke](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/lambda-2015-03-31/Invoke)。

### `ListFunctions`
<a name="lambda_ListFunctions_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListFunctions`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/lambda#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class LambdaWrapper
  attr_accessor :lambda_client, :cloudwatch_client, :iam_client

  def initialize
    @lambda_client = Aws::Lambda::Client.new
    @cloudwatch_client = Aws::CloudWatchLogs::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @iam_client = Aws::IAM::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
    @logger.level = Logger::WARN
  end

  # Lists the Lambda functions for the current account.
  def list_functions
    functions = []
    @lambda_client.list_functions.each do |response|
      response['functions'].each do |function|
        functions.append(function['function_name'])
      end
    end
    functions
  rescue Aws::Lambda::Errors::ServiceException => e
    @logger.error("There was an error listing functions:\n #{e.message}")
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListFunctions](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/lambda-2015-03-31/ListFunctions)*中的。

### `UpdateFunctionCode`
<a name="lambda_UpdateFunctionCode_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `UpdateFunctionCode`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/lambda#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class LambdaWrapper
  attr_accessor :lambda_client, :cloudwatch_client, :iam_client

  def initialize
    @lambda_client = Aws::Lambda::Client.new
    @cloudwatch_client = Aws::CloudWatchLogs::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @iam_client = Aws::IAM::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
    @logger.level = Logger::WARN
  end

  # Updates the code for a Lambda function by submitting a .zip archive that contains
  # the code for the function.
  #
  # @param function_name: The name of the function to update.
  # @param deployment_package: The function code to update, packaged as bytes in
  #                            .zip format.
  # @return: Data about the update, including the status.
  def update_function_code(function_name, deployment_package)
    @lambda_client.update_function_code(
      function_name: function_name,
      zip_file: deployment_package
    )
    @lambda_client.wait_until(:function_updated_v2, { function_name: function_name }) do |w|
      w.max_attempts = 5
      w.delay = 5
    end
  rescue Aws::Lambda::Errors::ServiceException => e
    @logger.error("There was an error updating function code for: #{function_name}:\n #{e.message}")
    nil
  rescue Aws::Waiters::Errors::WaiterFailed => e
    @logger.error("Failed waiting for #{function_name} to update:\n #{e.message}")
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[UpdateFunctionCode](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/lambda-2015-03-31/UpdateFunctionCode)*中的。

### `UpdateFunctionConfiguration`
<a name="lambda_UpdateFunctionConfiguration_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `UpdateFunctionConfiguration`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/lambda#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
class LambdaWrapper
  attr_accessor :lambda_client, :cloudwatch_client, :iam_client

  def initialize
    @lambda_client = Aws::Lambda::Client.new
    @cloudwatch_client = Aws::CloudWatchLogs::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @iam_client = Aws::IAM::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
    @logger.level = Logger::WARN
  end

  # Updates the environment variables for a Lambda function.
  # @param function_name: The name of the function to update.
  # @param log_level: The log level of the function.
  # @return: Data about the update, including the status.
  def update_function_configuration(function_name, log_level)
    @lambda_client.update_function_configuration({
                                                   function_name: function_name,
                                                   environment: {
                                                     variables: {
                                                       'LOG_LEVEL' => log_level
                                                     }
                                                   }
                                                 })
    @lambda_client.wait_until(:function_updated_v2, { function_name: function_name }) do |w|
      w.max_attempts = 5
      w.delay = 5
    end
  rescue Aws::Lambda::Errors::ServiceException => e
    @logger.error("There was an error updating configurations for #{function_name}:\n #{e.message}")
  rescue Aws::Waiters::Errors::WaiterFailed => e
    @logger.error("Failed waiting for #{function_name} to activate:\n #{e.message}")
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[UpdateFunctionConfiguration](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/lambda-2015-03-31/UpdateFunctionConfiguration)*中的。

## 场景
<a name="scenarios"></a>

### 创建用于分析客户反馈的应用程序
<a name="cross_FSA_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例说明如何创建应用程序来分析客户意见卡、翻译其母语、确定其情绪并根据译后的文本生成音频文件。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 此示例应用程序可分析并存储客户反馈卡。具体来说，它满足了纽约市一家虚构酒店的需求。酒店以实体意见卡的形式收集来自不同语种的客人的反馈。该反馈通过 Web 客户端上传到应用程序中。意见卡图片上传后，将执行以下步骤：  
+ 使用 Amazon Textract 从图片中提取文本。
+ Amazon Comprehend 确定所提取文本的情绪及其语言。
+ 使用 Amazon Translate 将所提取文本翻译为英语。
+ Amazon Polly 根据所提取文本合成音频文件。
 完整的应用程序可使用  AWS CDK 进行部署。有关源代码和部署说明，请参阅中的项目[ GitHub](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/cross_service_examples/feedback_sentiment_analyzer)。  

**本示例中使用的服务**
+ Amazon Comprehend
+ Lambda
+ Amazon Polly
+ Amazon Textract
+ Amazon Translate

## 无服务器示例
<a name="serverless_examples"></a>

### 使用 Lambda 函数连接到 Amazon RDS 数据库
<a name="serverless_connect_RDS_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例显示如何实现连接到 RDS 数据库的 Lambda 函数。该函数发出一个简单的数据库请求并返回结果。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/lambda-function-connect-rds-iam)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
在 Lambda 函数中使用 Ruby 连接到 Amazon RDS 数据库。  

```
# Ruby code here.

require 'aws-sdk-rds'
require 'json'
require 'mysql2'

def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  endpoint = ENV['DBEndpoint'] # Add the endpoint without https"
  port = ENV['Port']           # 3306
  user = ENV['DBUser']
  region = ENV['DBRegion']     # 'us-east-1'
  db_name = ENV['DBName']

  credentials = Aws::Credentials.new(
    ENV['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'],
    ENV['AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'],
    ENV['AWS_SESSION_TOKEN']
  )
  rds_client = Aws::RDS::AuthTokenGenerator.new(
    region: region, 
    credentials: credentials
  )

  token = rds_client.auth_token(
    endpoint: endpoint+ ':' + port,
    user_name: user,
    region: region
  )

  begin
    conn = Mysql2::Client.new(
      host: endpoint,
      username: user,
      password: token,
      port: port,
      database: db_name,
      sslca: '/var/task/global-bundle.pem', 
      sslverify: true,
      enable_cleartext_plugin: true
    )
    a = 3
    b = 2
    result = conn.query("SELECT #{a} + #{b} AS sum").first['sum']
    puts result
    conn.close
    {
      statusCode: 200,
      body: result.to_json
    }
  rescue => e
    puts "Database connection failed due to #{e}"
  end
end
```

### 通过 Kinesis 触发器调用 Lambda 函数
<a name="serverless_Kinesis_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何实现一个 Lambda 函数，该函数接收因接收来自 Kinesis 流的记录而触发的事件。该函数检索 Kinesis 有效负载，将 Base64 解码，并记录下记录内容。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-kinesis-to-lambda)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
通过 Ruby 将 Kinesis 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。  

```
# Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
require 'aws-sdk'

def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  event['Records'].each do |record|
    begin
      puts "Processed Kinesis Event - EventID: #{record['eventID']}"
      record_data = get_record_data_async(record['kinesis'])
      puts "Record Data: #{record_data}"
      # TODO: Do interesting work based on the new data
    rescue => err
      $stderr.puts "An error occurred #{err}"
      raise err
    end
  end
  puts "Successfully processed #{event['Records'].length} records."
end

def get_record_data_async(payload)
  data = Base64.decode64(payload['data']).force_encoding('UTF-8')
  # Placeholder for actual async work
  # You can use Ruby's asynchronous programming tools like async/await or fibers here.
  return data
end
```

### 通过 DynamoDB 触发器调用 Lambda 函数
<a name="serverless_DynamoDB_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示如何实现一个 Lambda 函数，该函数接收通过接收来自 DynamoDB 流的记录而触发的事件。该函数检索 DynamoDB 有效负载，并记录下记录内容。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-ddb-to-lambda)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
通过 Ruby 将 DynamoDB 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。  

```
def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
    return 'received empty event' if event['Records'].empty?
  
    event['Records'].each do |record|
      log_dynamodb_record(record)
    end
  
    "Records processed: #{event['Records'].length}"
  end
  
  def log_dynamodb_record(record)
    puts record['eventID']
    puts record['eventName']
    puts "DynamoDB Record: #{JSON.generate(record['dynamodb'])}"
  end
```

### 通过 Amazon DocumentDB 触发器调用 Lambda 函数
<a name="serverless_DocumentDB_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示如何实现一个 Lambda 函数，该函数接收通过接收来自 DocumentDB 更改流的记录而触发的事件。该函数检索 DocumentDB 有效负载，并记录下记录内容。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-docdb-to-lambda)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
使用 Ruby 将 Amazon DocumentDB 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。  

```
require 'json'

def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  event['events'].each do |record|
    log_document_db_event(record)
  end
  'OK'
end

def log_document_db_event(record)
  event_data = record['event'] || {}
  operation_type = event_data['operationType'] || 'Unknown'
  db = event_data.dig('ns', 'db') || 'Unknown'
  collection = event_data.dig('ns', 'coll') || 'Unknown'
  full_document = event_data['fullDocument'] || {}

  puts "Operation type: #{operation_type}"
  puts "db: #{db}"
  puts "collection: #{collection}"
  puts "Full document: #{JSON.pretty_generate(full_document)}"
end
```

### 通过 Amazon MSK 触发器调用 Lambda 函数
<a name="serverless_MSK_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示如何实现一个 Lambda 函数，该函数接收通过接收来自 Amazon MSK 集群的记录而触发的事件。该函数检索 MSK 有效负载，并记录下记录内容。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-msk-to-lambda)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
通过 Ruby 将 Amazon MSK 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。  

```
require 'base64'

def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  # Iterate through keys
  event['records'].each do |key, records|
    puts "Key: #{key}"

    # Iterate through records
    records.each do |record|
      puts "Record: #{record}"

      # Decode base64
      msg = Base64.decode64(record['value'])
      puts "Message: #{msg}"
    end
  end
end
```

### 通过 Amazon S3 触发器调用 Lambda 函数
<a name="serverless_S3_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何实现一个 Lambda 函数，该函数接收通过将对象上传到 S3 桶而触发的事件。该函数从事件参数中检索 S3 存储桶名称和对象密钥，并调用 Amazon S3 API 来检索和记录对象的内容类型。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-s3-to-lambda)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
通过 Ruby 将 S3 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。  

```
require 'json'
require 'uri'
require 'aws-sdk'

puts 'Loading function'

def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  s3 = Aws::S3::Client.new(region: 'region') # Your AWS region
  # puts "Received event: #{JSON.dump(event)}"

  # Get the object from the event and show its content type
  bucket = event['Records'][0]['s3']['bucket']['name']
  key = URI.decode_www_form_component(event['Records'][0]['s3']['object']['key'], Encoding::UTF_8)
  begin
    response = s3.get_object(bucket: bucket, key: key)
    puts "CONTENT TYPE: #{response.content_type}"
    return response.content_type
  rescue StandardError => e
    puts e.message
    puts "Error getting object #{key} from bucket #{bucket}. Make sure they exist and your bucket is in the same region as this function."
    raise e
  end
end
```

### 通过 Amazon SNS 触发器调用 Lambda 函数
<a name="serverless_SNS_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何实现一个 Lambda 函数，该函数接收因接收来自 SNS 主题的消息而触发的事件。该函数从事件参数检索消息并记录每条消息的内容。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-sns-to-lambda)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
通过 Ruby 将 SNS 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。  

```
# Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  event['Records'].map { |record| process_message(record) }
end

def process_message(record)
  message = record['Sns']['Message']
  puts("Processing message: #{message}")
rescue StandardError => e
  puts("Error processing message: #{e}")
  raise
end
```

### 通过 Amazon SQS 触发器调用 Lambda 函数
<a name="serverless_SQS_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何实现一个 Lambda 函数，该函数接收因接收来自 SNS 队列的消息而触发的事件。该函数从事件参数检索消息并记录每条消息的内容。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-sqs-to-lambda)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
使用 Ruby 将 SQS 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。  

```
# Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  event['Records'].each do |message|
    process_message(message)
  end
  puts "done"
end

def process_message(message)
  begin
    puts "Processed message #{message['body']}"
    # TODO: Do interesting work based on the new message
  rescue StandardError => err
    puts "An error occurred"
    raise err
  end
end
```

### 通过 Kinesis 触发器报告 Lambda 函数批处理项目失败
<a name="serverless_Kinesis_Lambda_batch_item_failures_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何为接收来自 Kinesis 流的事件的 Lambda 函数实现部分批处理响应。该函数在响应中报告批处理项目失败，并指示 Lambda 稍后重试这些消息。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-kinesis-to-lambda-with-batch-item-handling)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
报告通过 Ruby 进行 Lambda Kinesis 批处理项目失败。  

```
# Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
require 'aws-sdk'

def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  batch_item_failures = []

  event['Records'].each do |record|
    begin
      puts "Processed Kinesis Event - EventID: #{record['eventID']}"
      record_data = get_record_data_async(record['kinesis'])
      puts "Record Data: #{record_data}"
      # TODO: Do interesting work based on the new data
    rescue StandardError => err
      puts "An error occurred #{err}"
      # Since we are working with streams, we can return the failed item immediately.
      # Lambda will immediately begin to retry processing from this failed item onwards.
      return { batchItemFailures: [{ itemIdentifier: record['kinesis']['sequenceNumber'] }] }
    end
  end

  puts "Successfully processed #{event['Records'].length} records."
  { batchItemFailures: batch_item_failures }
end

def get_record_data_async(payload)
  data = Base64.decode64(payload['data']).force_encoding('utf-8')
  # Placeholder for actual async work
  sleep(1)
  data
end
```

### 通过 DynamoDB 触发器报告 Lambda 函数批处理项目失败
<a name="serverless_DynamoDB_Lambda_batch_item_failures_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示如何为接收来自 DynamoDB 流的事件的 Lambda 函数实现部分批处理响应。该函数在响应中报告批处理项目失败，并指示 Lambda 稍后重试这些消息。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-ddb-to-lambda-with-batch-item-handling)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
报告使用 Ruby 通过 Lambda 进行 DynamoDB 批处理项目失败。  

```
def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
    records = event["Records"]
    cur_record_sequence_number = ""
  
    records.each do |record|
      begin
        # Process your record
        cur_record_sequence_number = record["dynamodb"]["SequenceNumber"]
      rescue StandardError => e
        # Return failed record's sequence number
        return {"batchItemFailures" => [{"itemIdentifier" => cur_record_sequence_number}]}
      end
    end
  
    {"batchItemFailures" => []}
  end
```

### 报告使用 Amazon SQS 触发器进行 Lambda 函数批处理项目失败
<a name="serverless_SQS_Lambda_batch_item_failures_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何为接收来自 SQS 队列的事件的 Lambda 函数实现部分批处理响应。该函数在响应中报告批处理项目失败，并指示 Lambda 稍后重试这些消息。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-sqs-to-lambda-with-batch-item-handling)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
报告使用 Ruby 进行 Lambda SQS 批处理项目失败。  

```
# Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
require 'json'

def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  if event
    batch_item_failures = []
    sqs_batch_response = {}

    event["Records"].each do |record|
      begin
        # process message
      rescue StandardError => e
        batch_item_failures << {"itemIdentifier" => record['messageId']}
      end
    end

    sqs_batch_response["batchItemFailures"] = batch_item_failures
    return sqs_batch_response
  end
end
```

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Amazon MSK 示例
<a name="ruby_kafka_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 与 Amazon MSK 配合使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [无服务器示例](#serverless_examples)

## 无服务器示例
<a name="serverless_examples"></a>

### 通过 Amazon MSK 触发器调用 Lambda 函数
<a name="serverless_MSK_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示如何实现一个 Lambda 函数，该函数接收通过接收来自 Amazon MSK 集群的记录而触发的事件。该函数检索 MSK 有效负载，并记录下记录内容。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-msk-to-lambda)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
通过 Ruby 将 Amazon MSK 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。  

```
require 'base64'

def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  # Iterate through keys
  event['records'].each do |key, records|
    puts "Key: #{key}"

    # Iterate through records
    records.each do |record|
      puts "Record: #{record}"

      # Decode base64
      msg = Base64.decode64(record['value'])
      puts "Message: #{msg}"
    end
  end
end
```

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Amazon Polly 示例
<a name="ruby_polly_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何在 Amazon Polly 中使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

*场景*是向您演示如何通过在一个服务中调用多个函数或与其他 AWS 服务结合来完成特定任务的代码示例。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [操作](#actions)
+ [场景](#scenarios)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `DescribeVoices`
<a name="polly_DescribeVoices_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DescribeVoices`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/polly#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-polly' # In v2: require 'aws-sdk'

begin
  # Create an Amazon Polly client using
  # credentials from the shared credentials file ~/.aws/credentials
  # and the configuration (region) from the shared configuration file ~/.aws/config
  polly = Aws::Polly::Client.new

  # Get US English voices
  resp = polly.describe_voices(language_code: 'en-US')

  resp.voices.each do |v|
    puts v.name
    puts "  #{v.gender}"
    puts
  end
rescue StandardError => e
  puts 'Could not get voices'
  puts 'Error message:'
  puts e.message
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DescribeVoices](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/polly-2016-06-10/DescribeVoices)*中的。

### `ListLexicons`
<a name="polly_ListLexicons_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListLexicons`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/polly#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-polly' # In v2: require 'aws-sdk'

begin
  # Create an Amazon Polly client using
  # credentials from the shared credentials file ~/.aws/credentials
  # and the configuration (region) from the shared configuration file ~/.aws/config
  polly = Aws::Polly::Client.new

  resp = polly.list_lexicons

  resp.lexicons.each do |l|
    puts l.name
    puts "  Alphabet:#{l.attributes.alphabet}"
    puts "  Language:#{l.attributes.language}"
    puts
  end
rescue StandardError => e
  puts 'Could not get lexicons'
  puts 'Error message:'
  puts e.message
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListLexicons](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/polly-2016-06-10/ListLexicons)*中的。

### `SynthesizeSpeech`
<a name="polly_SynthesizeSpeech_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `SynthesizeSpeech`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/polly#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-polly' # In v2: require 'aws-sdk'

begin
  # Get the filename from the command line
  if ARGV.empty?
    puts 'You must supply a filename'
    exit 1
  end

  filename = ARGV[0]

  # Open file and get the contents as a string
  if File.exist?(filename)
    contents = IO.read(filename)
  else
    puts "No such file: #{filename}"
    exit 1
  end

  # Create an Amazon Polly client using
  # credentials from the shared credentials file ~/.aws/credentials
  # and the configuration (region) from the shared configuration file ~/.aws/config
  polly = Aws::Polly::Client.new

  resp = polly.synthesize_speech({
                                   output_format: 'mp3',
                                   text: contents,
                                   voice_id: 'Joanna'
                                 })

  # Save output
  # Get just the file name
  #  abc/xyz.txt -> xyx.txt
  name = File.basename(filename)

  # Split up name so we get just the xyz part
  parts = name.split('.')
  first_part = parts[0]
  mp3_file = "#{first_part}.mp3"

  IO.copy_stream(resp.audio_stream, mp3_file)

  puts "Wrote MP3 content to: #{mp3_file}"
rescue StandardError => e
  puts 'Got error:'
  puts 'Error message:'
  puts e.message
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[SynthesizeSpeech](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/polly-2016-06-10/SynthesizeSpeech)*中的。

## 场景
<a name="scenarios"></a>

### 创建用于分析客户反馈的应用程序
<a name="cross_FSA_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例说明如何创建应用程序来分析客户意见卡、翻译其母语、确定其情绪并根据译后的文本生成音频文件。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 此示例应用程序可分析并存储客户反馈卡。具体来说，它满足了纽约市一家虚构酒店的需求。酒店以实体意见卡的形式收集来自不同语种的客人的反馈。该反馈通过 Web 客户端上传到应用程序中。意见卡图片上传后，将执行以下步骤：  
+ 使用 Amazon Textract 从图片中提取文本。
+ Amazon Comprehend 确定所提取文本的情绪及其语言。
+ 使用 Amazon Translate 将所提取文本翻译为英语。
+ Amazon Polly 根据所提取文本合成音频文件。
 完整的应用程序可使用  AWS CDK 进行部署。有关源代码和部署说明，请参阅中的项目[ GitHub](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/cross_service_examples/feedback_sentiment_analyzer)。  

**本示例中使用的服务**
+ Amazon Comprehend
+ Lambda
+ Amazon Polly
+ Amazon Textract
+ Amazon Translate

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Amazon RDS 示例
<a name="ruby_rds_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何在 Amazon RDS 中使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [开始使用](#get_started)
+ [操作](#actions)
+ [无服务器示例](#serverless_examples)

## 开始使用
<a name="get_started"></a>

### 开始使用 Amazon RDS
<a name="rds_Hello_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何开始使用 Amazon RDS。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/rds#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-rds'
require 'logger'

# RDSManager is a class responsible for managing RDS operations
# such as listing all RDS DB instances in the current AWS account.
class RDSManager
  def initialize(client)
    @client = client
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
  end

  # Lists and prints all RDS DB instances in the current AWS account.
  def list_db_instances
    @logger.info('Listing RDS DB instances')

    paginator = @client.describe_db_instances
    instances = []

    paginator.each_page do |page|
      instances.concat(page.db_instances)
    end

    if instances.empty?
      @logger.info('No instances found.')
    else
      @logger.info("Found #{instances.count} instance(s):")
      instances.each do |instance|
        @logger.info(" * #{instance.db_instance_identifier} (#{instance.db_instance_status})")
      end
    end
  end
end

if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
  rds_client = Aws::RDS::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2')
  manager = RDSManager.new(rds_client)
  manager.list_db_instances
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考DBInstances*中的[描述](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/rds-2014-10-31/DescribeDBInstances)。

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `CreateDBSnapshot`
<a name="rds_CreateDBSnapshot_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateDBSnapshot`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/rds#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-rds' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

# Create a snapshot for an Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS)
# DB instance.
#
# @param rds_resource [Aws::RDS::Resource] The resource containing SDK logic.
# @param db_instance_name [String] The name of the Amazon RDS DB instance.
# @return [Aws::RDS::DBSnapshot, nil] The snapshot created, or nil if error.
def create_snapshot(rds_resource, db_instance_name)
  id = "snapshot-#{rand(10**6)}"
  db_instance = rds_resource.db_instance(db_instance_name)
  db_instance.create_snapshot({
                                db_snapshot_identifier: id
                              })
rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
  puts "Couldn't create DB instance snapshot #{id}:\n #{e.message}"
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅DBSnapshot在 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考*中[创建](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/rds-2014-10-31/CreateDBSnapshot)。

### `DescribeDBInstances`
<a name="rds_DescribeDBInstances_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DescribeDBInstances`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/rds#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-rds' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

# List all Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) DB instances.
#
# @param rds_resource [Aws::RDS::Resource] An SDK for Ruby Amazon RDS resource.
# @return [Array, nil] List of all DB instances, or nil if error.
def list_instances(rds_resource)
  db_instances = []
  rds_resource.db_instances.each do |i|
    db_instances.append({
                          "name": i.id,
                          "status": i.db_instance_status
                        })
  end
  db_instances
rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
  puts "Couldn't list instances:\n#{e.message}"
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考DBInstances*中的[描述](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/rds-2014-10-31/DescribeDBInstances)。

### `DescribeDBParameterGroups`
<a name="rds_DescribeDBParameterGroups_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DescribeDBParameterGroups`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/rds#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-rds' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

# List all Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) parameter groups.
#
# @param rds_resource [Aws::RDS::Resource] An SDK for Ruby Amazon RDS resource.
# @return [Array, nil] List of all parameter groups, or nil if error.
def list_parameter_groups(rds_resource)
  parameter_groups = []
  rds_resource.db_parameter_groups.each do |p|
    parameter_groups.append({
                              "name": p.db_parameter_group_name,
                              "description": p.description
                            })
  end
  parameter_groups
rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
  puts "Couldn't list parameter groups:\n #{e.message}"
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考*中的[描述DBParameter群组](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/rds-2014-10-31/DescribeDBParameterGroups)。

### `DescribeDBParameters`
<a name="rds_DescribeDBParameters_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DescribeDBParameters`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/rds#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-rds' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

# List all Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) parameter groups.
#
# @param rds_resource [Aws::RDS::Resource] An SDK for Ruby Amazon RDS resource.
# @return [Array, nil] List of all parameter groups, or nil if error.
def list_parameter_groups(rds_resource)
  parameter_groups = []
  rds_resource.db_parameter_groups.each do |p|
    parameter_groups.append({
                              "name": p.db_parameter_group_name,
                              "description": p.description
                            })
  end
  parameter_groups
rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
  puts "Couldn't list parameter groups:\n #{e.message}"
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考DBParameters*中的[描述](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/rds-2014-10-31/DescribeDBParameters)。

### `DescribeDBSnapshots`
<a name="rds_DescribeDBSnapshots_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DescribeDBSnapshots`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/rds#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-rds' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

# List all Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) DB instance
# snapshots.
#
# @param rds_resource [Aws::RDS::Resource] An SDK for Ruby Amazon RDS resource.
# @return instance_snapshots [Array, nil] All instance snapshots, or nil if error.
def list_instance_snapshots(rds_resource)
  instance_snapshots = []
  rds_resource.db_snapshots.each do |s|
    instance_snapshots.append({
                                "id": s.snapshot_id,
                                "status": s.status
                              })
  end
  instance_snapshots
rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
  puts "Couldn't list instance snapshots:\n #{e.message}"
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考DBSnapshots*中的[描述](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/rds-2014-10-31/DescribeDBSnapshots)。

## 无服务器示例
<a name="serverless_examples"></a>

### 使用 Lambda 函数连接到 Amazon RDS 数据库
<a name="serverless_connect_RDS_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例显示如何实现连接到 RDS 数据库的 Lambda 函数。该函数发出一个简单的数据库请求并返回结果。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/lambda-function-connect-rds-iam)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
在 Lambda 函数中使用 Ruby 连接到 Amazon RDS 数据库。  

```
# Ruby code here.

require 'aws-sdk-rds'
require 'json'
require 'mysql2'

def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  endpoint = ENV['DBEndpoint'] # Add the endpoint without https"
  port = ENV['Port']           # 3306
  user = ENV['DBUser']
  region = ENV['DBRegion']     # 'us-east-1'
  db_name = ENV['DBName']

  credentials = Aws::Credentials.new(
    ENV['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'],
    ENV['AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'],
    ENV['AWS_SESSION_TOKEN']
  )
  rds_client = Aws::RDS::AuthTokenGenerator.new(
    region: region, 
    credentials: credentials
  )

  token = rds_client.auth_token(
    endpoint: endpoint+ ':' + port,
    user_name: user,
    region: region
  )

  begin
    conn = Mysql2::Client.new(
      host: endpoint,
      username: user,
      password: token,
      port: port,
      database: db_name,
      sslca: '/var/task/global-bundle.pem', 
      sslverify: true,
      enable_cleartext_plugin: true
    )
    a = 3
    b = 2
    result = conn.query("SELECT #{a} + #{b} AS sum").first['sum']
    puts result
    conn.close
    {
      statusCode: 200,
      body: result.to_json
    }
  rescue => e
    puts "Database connection failed due to #{e}"
  end
end
```

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Amazon S3 示例
<a name="ruby_s3_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何在 Amazon S3 中使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 

*基本功能*是向您展示如何在服务中执行基本操作的代码示例。

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

*场景*是向您演示如何通过在一个服务中调用多个函数或与其他 AWS 服务结合来完成特定任务的代码示例。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [开始使用](#get_started)
+ [基本功能](#basics)
+ [操作](#actions)
+ [场景](#scenarios)
+ [无服务器示例](#serverless_examples)

## 开始使用
<a name="get_started"></a>

### 开始使用 Amazon S3
<a name="s3_Hello_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例显示了如何开始使用 Amazon S3。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# frozen_string_literal: true

# S3Manager is a class responsible for managing S3 operations
# such as listing all S3 buckets in the current AWS account.
class S3Manager
  def initialize(client)
    @client = client
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
  end

  # Lists and prints all S3 buckets in the current AWS account.
  def list_buckets
    @logger.info('Here are the buckets in your account:')

    response = @client.list_buckets

    if response.buckets.empty?
      @logger.info("You don't have any S3 buckets yet.")
    else
      response.buckets.each do |bucket|
        @logger.info("- #{bucket.name}")
      end
    end
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Encountered an error while listing buckets: #{e.message}")
  end
end

if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
  s3_client = Aws::S3::Client.new
  manager = S3Manager.new(s3_client)
  manager.list_buckets
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListBuckets](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/ListBuckets)*中的。

## 基本功能
<a name="basics"></a>

### 了解基本功能
<a name="s3_Scenario_GettingStarted_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何：
+ 创建桶并将文件上载到其中。
+ 从桶中下载对象。
+ 将对象复制到存储桶中的子文件夹。
+ 列出存储桶中的对象。
+ 删除存储桶及其对象。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples) 中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps the getting started scenario actions.
class ScenarioGettingStarted
  attr_reader :s3_resource

  # @param s3_resource [Aws::S3::Resource] An Amazon S3 resource.
  def initialize(s3_resource)
    @s3_resource = s3_resource
  end

  # Creates a bucket with a random name in the currently configured account and
  # AWS Region.
  #
  # @return [Aws::S3::Bucket] The newly created bucket.
  def create_bucket
    bucket = @s3_resource.create_bucket(
      bucket: "amzn-s3-demo-bucket-#{Random.uuid}",
      create_bucket_configuration: {
        location_constraint: 'us-east-1' # NOTE: only certain regions permitted
      }
    )
    puts("Created demo bucket named #{bucket.name}.")
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts('Tried and failed to create demo bucket.')
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    puts("\nCan't continue the demo without a bucket!")
    raise
  else
    bucket
  end

  # Requests a file name from the user.
  #
  # @return The name of the file.
  def create_file
    File.open('demo.txt', w) { |f| f.write('This is a demo file.') }
  end

  # Uploads a file to an Amazon S3 bucket.
  #
  # @param bucket [Aws::S3::Bucket] The bucket object representing the upload destination
  # @return [Aws::S3::Object] The Amazon S3 object that contains the uploaded file.
  def upload_file(bucket)
    File.open('demo.txt', 'w+') { |f| f.write('This is a demo file.') }
    s3_object = bucket.object(File.basename('demo.txt'))
    s3_object.upload_file('demo.txt')
    puts("Uploaded file demo.txt into bucket #{bucket.name} with key #{s3_object.key}.")
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't upload file demo.txt to #{bucket.name}.")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  else
    s3_object
  end

  # Downloads an Amazon S3 object to a file.
  #
  # @param s3_object [Aws::S3::Object] The object to download.
  def download_file(s3_object)
    puts("\nDo you want to download #{s3_object.key} to a local file (y/n)? ")
    answer = gets.chomp.downcase
    if answer == 'y'
      puts('Enter a name for the downloaded file: ')
      file_name = gets.chomp
      s3_object.download_file(file_name)
      puts("Object #{s3_object.key} successfully downloaded to #{file_name}.")
    end
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't download #{s3_object.key}.")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Copies an Amazon S3 object to a subfolder within the same bucket.
  #
  # @param source_object [Aws::S3::Object] The source object to copy.
  # @return [Aws::S3::Object, nil] The destination object.
  def copy_object(source_object)
    dest_object = nil
    puts("\nDo you want to copy #{source_object.key} to a subfolder in your bucket (y/n)? ")
    answer = gets.chomp.downcase
    if answer == 'y'
      dest_object = source_object.bucket.object("demo-folder/#{source_object.key}")
      dest_object.copy_from(source_object)
      puts("Copied #{source_object.key} to #{dest_object.key}.")
    end
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't copy #{source_object.key}.")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  else
    dest_object
  end

  # Lists the objects in an Amazon S3 bucket.
  #
  # @param bucket [Aws::S3::Bucket] The bucket to query.
  def list_objects(bucket)
    puts("\nYour bucket contains the following objects:")
    bucket.objects.each do |obj|
      puts("\t#{obj.key}")
    end
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't list the objects in bucket #{bucket.name}.")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end

  # Deletes the objects in an Amazon S3 bucket and deletes the bucket.
  #
  # @param bucket [Aws::S3::Bucket] The bucket to empty and delete.
  def delete_bucket(bucket)
    puts("\nDo you want to delete all of the objects as well as the bucket (y/n)? ")
    answer = gets.chomp.downcase
    if answer == 'y'
      bucket.objects.batch_delete!
      bucket.delete
      puts("Emptied and deleted bucket #{bucket.name}.\n")
    end
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't empty and delete bucket #{bucket.name}.")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
end

# Runs the Amazon S3 getting started scenario.
def run_scenario(scenario)
  puts('-' * 88)
  puts('Welcome to the Amazon S3 getting started demo!')
  puts('-' * 88)

  bucket = scenario.create_bucket
  s3_object = scenario.upload_file(bucket)
  scenario.download_file(s3_object)
  scenario.copy_object(s3_object)
  scenario.list_objects(bucket)
  scenario.delete_bucket(bucket)

  puts('Thanks for watching!')
  puts('-' * 88)
rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError
  puts('Something went wrong with the demo!')
end

run_scenario(ScenarioGettingStarted.new(Aws::S3::Resource.new)) if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+ 有关 API 详细信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API Reference》**中的以下主题。
  + [CopyObject](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/CopyObject)
  + [CreateBucket](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/CreateBucket)
  + [DeleteBucket](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/DeleteBucket)
  + [DeleteObjects](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/DeleteObjects)
  + [GetObject](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/GetObject)
  + [ListObjectsV2](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/ListObjectsV2)
  + [PutObject](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/PutObject)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `CopyObject`
<a name="s3_CopyObject_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CopyObject`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
复制对象。  

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps Amazon S3 object actions.
class ObjectCopyWrapper
  attr_reader :source_object

  # @param source_object [Aws::S3::Object] An existing Amazon S3 object. This is used as the source object for
  #                                        copy actions.
  def initialize(source_object)
    @source_object = source_object
  end

  # Copy the source object to the specified target bucket and rename it with the target key.
  #
  # @param target_bucket [Aws::S3::Bucket] An existing Amazon S3 bucket where the object is copied.
  # @param target_object_key [String] The key to give the copy of the object.
  # @return [Aws::S3::Object, nil] The copied object when successful; otherwise, nil.
  def copy_object(target_bucket, target_object_key)
    @source_object.copy_to(bucket: target_bucket.name, key: target_object_key)
    target_bucket.object(target_object_key)
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't copy #{@source_object.key} to #{target_object_key}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
  end
end

# Example usage:
def run_demo
  source_bucket_name = "amzn-s3-demo-bucket1"
  source_key = "my-source-file.txt"
  target_bucket_name = "amzn-s3-demo-bucket2"
  target_key = "my-target-file.txt"

  source_bucket = Aws::S3::Bucket.new(source_bucket_name)
  wrapper = ObjectCopyWrapper.new(source_bucket.object(source_key))
  target_bucket = Aws::S3::Bucket.new(target_bucket_name)
  target_object = wrapper.copy_object(target_bucket, target_key)
  return unless target_object

  puts "Copied #{source_key} from #{source_bucket_name} to #{target_object.bucket_name}:#{target_object.key}."
end

run_demo if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
复制对象并向目标对象添加服务器端加密。  

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps Amazon S3 object actions.
class ObjectCopyEncryptWrapper
  attr_reader :source_object

  # @param source_object [Aws::S3::Object] An existing Amazon S3 object. This is used as the source object for
  #                                        copy actions.
  def initialize(source_object)
    @source_object = source_object
  end

  # Copy the source object to the specified target bucket, rename it with the target key, and encrypt it.
  #
  # @param target_bucket [Aws::S3::Bucket] An existing Amazon S3 bucket where the object is copied.
  # @param target_object_key [String] The key to give the copy of the object.
  # @return [Aws::S3::Object, nil] The copied object when successful; otherwise, nil.
  def copy_object(target_bucket, target_object_key, encryption)
    @source_object.copy_to(bucket: target_bucket.name, key: target_object_key, server_side_encryption: encryption)
    target_bucket.object(target_object_key)
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't copy #{@source_object.key} to #{target_object_key}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
  end
end

# Example usage:
def run_demo
  source_bucket_name = "amzn-s3-demo-bucket1"
  source_key = "my-source-file.txt"
  target_bucket_name = "amzn-s3-demo-bucket2"
  target_key = "my-target-file.txt"
  target_encryption = "AES256"

  source_bucket = Aws::S3::Bucket.new(source_bucket_name)
  wrapper = ObjectCopyEncryptWrapper.new(source_bucket.object(source_key))
  target_bucket = Aws::S3::Bucket.new(target_bucket_name)
  target_object = wrapper.copy_object(target_bucket, target_key, target_encryption)
  return unless target_object

  puts "Copied #{source_key} from #{source_bucket_name} to #{target_object.bucket_name}:#{target_object.key} and "\
       "encrypted the target with #{target_object.server_side_encryption} encryption."
end

run_demo if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CopyObject](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/CopyObject)*中的。

### `CreateBucket`
<a name="s3_CreateBucket_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateBucket`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps Amazon S3 bucket actions.
class BucketCreateWrapper
  attr_reader :bucket

  # @param bucket [Aws::S3::Bucket] An Amazon S3 bucket initialized with a name. This is a client-side object until
  #                                 create is called.
  def initialize(bucket)
    @bucket = bucket
  end

  # Creates an Amazon S3 bucket in the specified AWS Region.
  #
  # @param region [String] The Region where the bucket is created.
  # @return [Boolean] True when the bucket is created; otherwise, false.
  def create?(region)
    @bucket.create(create_bucket_configuration: { location_constraint: region })
    true
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't create bucket. Here's why: #{e.message}"
    false
  end

  # Gets the Region where the bucket is located.
  #
  # @return [String] The location of the bucket.
  def location
    if @bucket.nil?
      'None. You must create a bucket before you can get its location!'
    else
      @bucket.client.get_bucket_location(bucket: @bucket.name).location_constraint
    end
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    "Couldn't get the location of #{@bucket.name}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
  end
end

# Example usage:
def run_demo
  region = "us-west-2"
  wrapper = BucketCreateWrapper.new(Aws::S3::Bucket.new("amzn-s3-demo-bucket-#{Random.uuid}"))
  return unless wrapper.create?(region)

  puts "Created bucket #{wrapper.bucket.name}."
  puts "Your bucket's region is: #{wrapper.location}"
end

run_demo if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateBucket](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/CreateBucket)*中的。

### `DeleteBucket`
<a name="s3_DeleteBucket_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteBucket`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Deletes the objects in an Amazon S3 bucket and deletes the bucket.
  #
  # @param bucket [Aws::S3::Bucket] The bucket to empty and delete.
  def delete_bucket(bucket)
    puts("\nDo you want to delete all of the objects as well as the bucket (y/n)? ")
    answer = gets.chomp.downcase
    if answer == 'y'
      bucket.objects.batch_delete!
      bucket.delete
      puts("Emptied and deleted bucket #{bucket.name}.\n")
    end
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't empty and delete bucket #{bucket.name}.")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteBucket](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/DeleteBucket)*中的。

### `DeleteBucketCors`
<a name="s3_DeleteBucketCors_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteBucketCors`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps Amazon S3 bucket CORS configuration.
class BucketCorsWrapper
  attr_reader :bucket_cors

  # @param bucket_cors [Aws::S3::BucketCors] A bucket CORS object configured with an existing bucket.
  def initialize(bucket_cors)
    @bucket_cors = bucket_cors
  end

  # Deletes the CORS configuration of a bucket.
  #
  # @return [Boolean] True if the CORS rules were deleted; otherwise, false.
  def delete_cors
    @bucket_cors.delete
    true
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't delete CORS rules for #{@bucket_cors.bucket.name}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
    false
  end

end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteBucketCors](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/DeleteBucketCors)*中的。

### `DeleteBucketPolicy`
<a name="s3_DeleteBucketPolicy_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteBucketPolicy`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Wraps an Amazon S3 bucket policy.
class BucketPolicyWrapper
  attr_reader :bucket_policy

  # @param bucket_policy [Aws::S3::BucketPolicy] A bucket policy object configured with an existing bucket.
  def initialize(bucket_policy)
    @bucket_policy = bucket_policy
  end

  def delete_policy
    @bucket_policy.delete
    true
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't delete the policy from #{@bucket_policy.bucket.name}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
    false
  end

end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteBucketPolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/DeleteBucketPolicy)*中的。

### `DeleteObjects`
<a name="s3_DeleteObjects_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteObjects`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Deletes the objects in an Amazon S3 bucket and deletes the bucket.
  #
  # @param bucket [Aws::S3::Bucket] The bucket to empty and delete.
  def delete_bucket(bucket)
    puts("\nDo you want to delete all of the objects as well as the bucket (y/n)? ")
    answer = gets.chomp.downcase
    if answer == 'y'
      bucket.objects.batch_delete!
      bucket.delete
      puts("Emptied and deleted bucket #{bucket.name}.\n")
    end
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts("Couldn't empty and delete bucket #{bucket.name}.")
    puts("\t#{e.code}: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteObjects](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/DeleteObjects)*中的。

### `GetBucketCors`
<a name="s3_GetBucketCors_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetBucketCors`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps Amazon S3 bucket CORS configuration.
class BucketCorsWrapper
  attr_reader :bucket_cors

  # @param bucket_cors [Aws::S3::BucketCors] A bucket CORS object configured with an existing bucket.
  def initialize(bucket_cors)
    @bucket_cors = bucket_cors
  end

  # Gets the CORS configuration of a bucket.
  #
  # @return [Aws::S3::Type::GetBucketCorsOutput, nil] The current CORS configuration for the bucket.
  def cors
    @bucket_cors.data
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't get CORS configuration for #{@bucket_cors.bucket.name}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
    nil
  end

end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[GetBucketCors](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/GetBucketCors)*中的。

### `GetBucketPolicy`
<a name="s3_GetBucketPolicy_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetBucketPolicy`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Wraps an Amazon S3 bucket policy.
class BucketPolicyWrapper
  attr_reader :bucket_policy

  # @param bucket_policy [Aws::S3::BucketPolicy] A bucket policy object configured with an existing bucket.
  def initialize(bucket_policy)
    @bucket_policy = bucket_policy
  end

  # Gets the policy of a bucket.
  #
  # @return [Aws::S3::GetBucketPolicyOutput, nil] The current bucket policy.
  def policy
    policy = @bucket_policy.data.policy
    policy.respond_to?(:read) ? policy.read : policy
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't get the policy for #{@bucket_policy.bucket.name}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
    nil
  end

end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[GetBucketPolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/GetBucketPolicy)*中的。

### `GetObject`
<a name="s3_GetObject_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetObject`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
获取对象。  

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps Amazon S3 object actions.
class ObjectGetWrapper
  attr_reader :object

  # @param object [Aws::S3::Object] An existing Amazon S3 object.
  def initialize(object)
    @object = object
  end

  # Gets the object directly to a file.
  #
  # @param target_path [String] The path to the file where the object is downloaded.
  # @return [Aws::S3::Types::GetObjectOutput, nil] The retrieved object data if successful; otherwise nil.
  def get_object(target_path)
    @object.get(response_target: target_path)
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't get object #{@object.key}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
  end
end

# Example usage:
def run_demo
  bucket_name = "amzn-s3-demo-bucket"
  object_key = "my-object.txt"
  target_path = "my-object-as-file.txt"

  wrapper = ObjectGetWrapper.new(Aws::S3::Object.new(bucket_name, object_key))
  obj_data = wrapper.get_object(target_path)
  return unless obj_data

  puts "Object #{object_key} (#{obj_data.content_length} bytes} downloaded to #{target_path}."
end

run_demo if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
获取对象并报告其服务器端加密状态。  

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps Amazon S3 object actions.
class ObjectGetEncryptionWrapper
  attr_reader :object

  # @param object [Aws::S3::Object] An existing Amazon S3 object.
  def initialize(object)
    @object = object
  end

  # Gets the object into memory.
  #
  # @return [Aws::S3::Types::GetObjectOutput, nil] The retrieved object data if successful; otherwise nil.
  def object
    @object.get
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't get object #{@object.key}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
  end
end

# Example usage:
def run_demo
  bucket_name = "amzn-s3-demo-bucket"
  object_key = "my-object.txt"

  wrapper = ObjectGetEncryptionWrapper.new(Aws::S3::Object.new(bucket_name, object_key))
  obj_data = wrapper.get_object
  return unless obj_data

  encryption = obj_data.server_side_encryption.nil? ? 'no' : obj_data.server_side_encryption
  puts "Object #{object_key} uses #{encryption} encryption."
end

run_demo if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[GetObject](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/GetObject)*中的。

### `HeadObject`
<a name="s3_HeadObject_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `HeadObject`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps Amazon S3 object actions.
class ObjectExistsWrapper
  attr_reader :object

  # @param object [Aws::S3::Object] An Amazon S3 object.
  def initialize(object)
    @object = object
  end

  # Checks whether the object exists.
  #
  # @return [Boolean] True if the object exists; otherwise false.
  def exists?
    @object.exists?
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't check existence of object #{@object.bucket.name}:#{@object.key}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
    false
  end
end

# Example usage:
def run_demo
  bucket_name = "amzn-s3-demo-bucket"
  object_key = "my-object.txt"

  wrapper = ObjectExistsWrapper.new(Aws::S3::Object.new(bucket_name, object_key))
  exists = wrapper.exists?

  puts "Object #{object_key} #{exists ? 'does' : 'does not'} exist."
end

run_demo if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[HeadObject](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/HeadObject)*中的。

### `ListBuckets`
<a name="s3_ListBuckets_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListBuckets`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps Amazon S3 resource actions.
class BucketListWrapper
  attr_reader :s3_resource

  # @param s3_resource [Aws::S3::Resource] An Amazon S3 resource.
  def initialize(s3_resource)
    @s3_resource = s3_resource
  end

  # Lists buckets for the current account.
  #
  # @param count [Integer] The maximum number of buckets to list.
  def list_buckets(count)
    puts 'Found these buckets:'
    @s3_resource.buckets.each do |bucket|
      puts "\t#{bucket.name}"
      count -= 1
      break if count.zero?
    end
    true
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't list buckets. Here's why: #{e.message}"
    false
  end
end

# Example usage:
def run_demo
  wrapper = BucketListWrapper.new(Aws::S3::Resource.new)
  wrapper.list_buckets(25)
end

run_demo if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListBuckets](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/ListBuckets)*中的。

### `ListObjectsV2`
<a name="s3_ListObjectsV2_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListObjectsV2`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps Amazon S3 bucket actions.
class BucketListObjectsWrapper
  attr_reader :bucket

  # @param bucket [Aws::S3::Bucket] An existing Amazon S3 bucket.
  def initialize(bucket)
    @bucket = bucket
  end

  # Lists object in a bucket.
  #
  # @param max_objects [Integer] The maximum number of objects to list.
  # @return [Integer] The number of objects listed.
  def list_objects(max_objects)
    count = 0
    puts "The objects in #{@bucket.name} are:"
    @bucket.objects.each do |obj|
      puts "\t#{obj.key}"
      count += 1
      break if count == max_objects
    end
    count
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't list objects in bucket #{bucket.name}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
    0
  end
end

# Example usage:
def run_demo
  bucket_name = "amzn-s3-demo-bucket"

  wrapper = BucketListObjectsWrapper.new(Aws::S3::Bucket.new(bucket_name))
  count = wrapper.list_objects(25)
  puts "Listed #{count} objects."
end

run_demo if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考*中的 [ListObjectsV2](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/ListObjectsV2)。

### `PutBucketCors`
<a name="s3_PutBucketCors_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `PutBucketCors`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps Amazon S3 bucket CORS configuration.
class BucketCorsWrapper
  attr_reader :bucket_cors

  # @param bucket_cors [Aws::S3::BucketCors] A bucket CORS object configured with an existing bucket.
  def initialize(bucket_cors)
    @bucket_cors = bucket_cors
  end

  # Sets CORS rules on a bucket.
  #
  # @param allowed_methods [Array<String>] The types of HTTP requests to allow.
  # @param allowed_origins [Array<String>] The origins to allow.
  # @returns [Boolean] True if the CORS rules were set; otherwise, false.
  def set_cors(allowed_methods, allowed_origins)
    @bucket_cors.put(
      cors_configuration: {
        cors_rules: [
          {
            allowed_methods: allowed_methods,
            allowed_origins: allowed_origins,
            allowed_headers: %w[*],
            max_age_seconds: 3600
          }
        ]
      }
    )
    true
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't set CORS rules for #{@bucket_cors.bucket.name}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
    false
  end

end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[PutBucketCors](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/PutBucketCors)*中的。

### `PutBucketPolicy`
<a name="s3_PutBucketPolicy_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `PutBucketPolicy`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Wraps an Amazon S3 bucket policy.
class BucketPolicyWrapper
  attr_reader :bucket_policy

  # @param bucket_policy [Aws::S3::BucketPolicy] A bucket policy object configured with an existing bucket.
  def initialize(bucket_policy)
    @bucket_policy = bucket_policy
  end

  # Sets a policy on a bucket.
  #
  def policy(policy)
    @bucket_policy.put(policy: policy)
    true
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't set the policy for #{@bucket_policy.bucket.name}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
    false
  end

end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[PutBucketPolicy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/PutBucketPolicy)*中的。

### `PutBucketWebsite`
<a name="s3_PutBucketWebsite_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `PutBucketWebsite`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps Amazon S3 bucket website actions.
class BucketWebsiteWrapper
  attr_reader :bucket_website

  # @param bucket_website [Aws::S3::BucketWebsite] A bucket website object configured with an existing bucket.
  def initialize(bucket_website)
    @bucket_website = bucket_website
  end

  # Sets a bucket as a static website.
  #
  # @param index_document [String] The name of the index document for the website.
  # @param error_document [String] The name of the error document to show for 4XX errors.
  # @return [Boolean] True when the bucket is configured as a website; otherwise, false.
  def set_website(index_document, error_document)
    @bucket_website.put(
      website_configuration: {
        index_document: { suffix: index_document },
        error_document: { key: error_document }
      }
    )
    true
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't configure #{@bucket_website.bucket.name} as a website. Here's why: #{e.message}"
    false
  end
end

# Example usage:
def run_demo
  bucket_name = "amzn-s3-demo-bucket"
  index_document = "index.html"
  error_document = "404.html"

  wrapper = BucketWebsiteWrapper.new(Aws::S3::BucketWebsite.new(bucket_name))
  return unless wrapper.set_website(index_document, error_document)

  puts "Successfully configured bucket #{bucket_name} as a static website."
end

run_demo if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[PutBucketWebsite](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/PutBucketWebsite)*中的。

### `PutObject`
<a name="s3_PutObject_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `PutObject`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
使用托管上传工具 (Object.upload\$1file) 上传文件。  

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps Amazon S3 object actions.
class ObjectUploadFileWrapper
  attr_reader :object

  # @param object [Aws::S3::Object] An existing Amazon S3 object.
  def initialize(object)
    @object = object
  end

  # Uploads a file to an Amazon S3 object by using a managed uploader.
  #
  # @param file_path [String] The path to the file to upload.
  # @return [Boolean] True when the file is uploaded; otherwise false.
  def upload_file(file_path)
    @object.upload_file(file_path)
    true
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't upload file #{file_path} to #{@object.key}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
    false
  end
end

# Example usage:
def run_demo
  bucket_name = "amzn-s3-demo-bucket"
  object_key = "my-uploaded-file"
  file_path = "object_upload_file.rb"

  wrapper = ObjectUploadFileWrapper.new(Aws::S3::Object.new(bucket_name, object_key))
  return unless wrapper.upload_file(file_path)

  puts "File #{file_path} successfully uploaded to #{bucket_name}:#{object_key}."
end

run_demo if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
使用 Object.put 上传文件。  

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps Amazon S3 object actions.
class ObjectPutWrapper
  attr_reader :object

  # @param object [Aws::S3::Object] An existing Amazon S3 object.
  def initialize(object)
    @object = object
  end

  def put_object(source_file_path)
    File.open(source_file_path, 'rb') do |file|
      @object.put(body: file)
    end
    true
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't put #{source_file_path} to #{object.key}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
    false
  end
end

# Example usage:
def run_demo
  bucket_name = "amzn-s3-demo-bucket"
  object_key = "my-object-key"
  file_path = "my-local-file.txt"

  wrapper = ObjectPutWrapper.new(Aws::S3::Object.new(bucket_name, object_key))
  success = wrapper.put_object(file_path)
  return unless success

  puts "Put file #{file_path} into #{object_key} in #{bucket_name}."
end

run_demo if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
使用 Object.put 上传文件并添加服务器端加密。  

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'

# Wraps Amazon S3 object actions.
class ObjectPutSseWrapper
  attr_reader :object

  # @param object [Aws::S3::Object] An existing Amazon S3 object.
  def initialize(object)
    @object = object
  end

  def put_object_encrypted(object_content, encryption)
    @object.put(body: object_content, server_side_encryption: encryption)
    true
  rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
    puts "Couldn't put your content to #{object.key}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
    false
  end
end

# Example usage:
def run_demo
  bucket_name = "amzn-s3-demo-bucket"
  object_key = "my-encrypted-content"
  object_content = "This is my super-secret content."
  encryption = "AES256"

  wrapper = ObjectPutSseWrapper.new(Aws::S3::Object.new(bucket_name, object_content))
  return unless wrapper.put_object_encrypted(object_content, encryption)

  puts "Put your content into #{bucket_name}:#{object_key} and encrypted it with #{encryption}."
end

run_demo if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[PutObject](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/s3-2006-03-01/PutObject)*中的。

## 场景
<a name="scenarios"></a>

### 创建预签名 URL
<a name="s3_Scenario_PresignedUrl_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何为 Amazon S3 创建预签名 URL 以及如何上传对象。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/s3#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-s3'
require 'net/http'

# Creates a presigned URL that can be used to upload content to an object.
#
# @param bucket [Aws::S3::Bucket] An existing Amazon S3 bucket.
# @param object_key [String] The key to give the uploaded object.
# @return [URI, nil] The parsed URI if successful; otherwise nil.
def get_presigned_url(bucket, object_key)
  url = bucket.object(object_key).presigned_url(:put)
  puts "Created presigned URL: #{url}"
  URI(url)
rescue Aws::Errors::ServiceError => e
  puts "Couldn't create presigned URL for #{bucket.name}:#{object_key}. Here's why: #{e.message}"
end

# Example usage:
def run_demo
  bucket_name = "amzn-s3-demo-bucket"
  object_key = "my-file.txt"
  object_content = "This is the content of my-file.txt."

  bucket = Aws::S3::Bucket.new(bucket_name)
  presigned_url = get_presigned_url(bucket, object_key)
  return unless presigned_url

  response = Net::HTTP.start(presigned_url.host) do |http|
    http.send_request('PUT', presigned_url.request_uri, object_content, 'content_type' => '')
  end

  case response
  when Net::HTTPSuccess
    puts 'Content uploaded!'
  else
    puts response.value
  end
end

run_demo if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```

## 无服务器示例
<a name="serverless_examples"></a>

### 通过 Amazon S3 触发器调用 Lambda 函数
<a name="serverless_S3_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何实现一个 Lambda 函数，该函数接收通过将对象上传到 S3 桶而触发的事件。该函数从事件参数中检索 S3 存储桶名称和对象密钥，并调用 Amazon S3 API 来检索和记录对象的内容类型。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-s3-to-lambda)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
通过 Ruby 将 S3 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。  

```
require 'json'
require 'uri'
require 'aws-sdk'

puts 'Loading function'

def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  s3 = Aws::S3::Client.new(region: 'region') # Your AWS region
  # puts "Received event: #{JSON.dump(event)}"

  # Get the object from the event and show its content type
  bucket = event['Records'][0]['s3']['bucket']['name']
  key = URI.decode_www_form_component(event['Records'][0]['s3']['object']['key'], Encoding::UTF_8)
  begin
    response = s3.get_object(bucket: bucket, key: key)
    puts "CONTENT TYPE: #{response.content_type}"
    return response.content_type
  rescue StandardError => e
    puts e.message
    puts "Error getting object #{key} from bucket #{bucket}. Make sure they exist and your bucket is in the same region as this function."
    raise e
  end
end
```

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Amazon SES 示例
<a name="ruby_ses_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何在 Amazon SES 中使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [操作](#actions)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `GetIdentityVerificationAttributes`
<a name="ses_GetIdentityVerificationAttributes_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `GetIdentityVerificationAttributes`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ses/v1#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-ses' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

# Create client in us-west-2 region
# Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon SES.
client = Aws::SES::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2')

# Get up to 1000 identities
ids = client.list_identities({
                               identity_type: 'EmailAddress'
                             })

ids.identities.each do |email|
  attrs = client.get_identity_verification_attributes({
                                                        identities: [email]
                                                      })

  status = attrs.verification_attributes[email].verification_status

  # Display email addresses that have been verified
  puts email if status == 'Success'
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[GetIdentityVerificationAttributes](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/email-2010-12-01/GetIdentityVerificationAttributes)*中的。

### `ListIdentities`
<a name="ses_ListIdentities_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListIdentities`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ses/v1#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-ses' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

# Create client in us-west-2 region
# Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon SES.
client = Aws::SES::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2')

# Get up to 1000 identities
ids = client.list_identities({
                               identity_type: 'EmailAddress'
                             })

ids.identities.each do |email|
  attrs = client.get_identity_verification_attributes({
                                                        identities: [email]
                                                      })

  status = attrs.verification_attributes[email].verification_status

  # Display email addresses that have been verified
  puts email if status == 'Success'
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListIdentities](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/email-2010-12-01/ListIdentities)*中的。

### `SendEmail`
<a name="ses_SendEmail_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `SendEmail`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ses/v1#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-ses' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

# Replace sender@example.com with your "From" address.
# This address must be verified with Amazon SES.
sender = 'sender@example.com'

# Replace recipient@example.com with a "To" address. If your account
# is still in the sandbox, this address must be verified.
recipient = 'recipient@example.com'

# Specify a configuration set. To use a configuration
# set, uncomment the next line and line 74.
#   configsetname = "ConfigSet"

# The subject line for the email.
subject = 'Amazon SES test (AWS SDK for Ruby)'

# The HTML body of the email.
htmlbody =
  '<h1>Amazon SES test (AWS SDK for Ruby)</h1>'\
  '<p>This email was sent with <a href="https://aws.amazon.com/ses/">'\
  'Amazon SES</a> using the <a href="https://aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-ruby/">'\
  'AWS SDK for Ruby</a>.'

# The email body for recipients with non-HTML email clients.
textbody = 'This email was sent with Amazon SES using the AWS SDK for Ruby.'

# Specify the text encoding scheme.
encoding = 'UTF-8'

# Create a new SES client in the us-west-2 region.
# Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon SES.
ses = Aws::SES::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2')

# Try to send the email.
begin
  # Provide the contents of the email.
  ses.send_email(
    destination: {
      to_addresses: [
        recipient
      ]
    },
    message: {
      body: {
        html: {
          charset: encoding,
          data: htmlbody
        },
        text: {
          charset: encoding,
          data: textbody
        }
      },
      subject: {
        charset: encoding,
        data: subject
      }
    },
    source: sender
    # Uncomment the following line to use a configuration set.
    # configuration_set_name: configsetname,
  )

  puts "Email sent to #{recipient}"

# If something goes wrong, display an error message.
rescue Aws::SES::Errors::ServiceError => e
  puts "Email not sent. Error message: #{e}"
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[SendEmail](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/email-2010-12-01/SendEmail)*中的。

### `VerifyEmailIdentity`
<a name="ses_VerifyEmailIdentity_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `VerifyEmailIdentity`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ses/v1#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-ses' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

# Replace recipient@example.com with a "To" address.
recipient = 'recipient@example.com'

# Create a new SES resource in the us-west-2 region.
# Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon SES.
ses = Aws::SES::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2')

# Try to verify email address.
begin
  ses.verify_email_identity({
                              email_address: recipient
                            })

  puts "Email sent to #{recipient}"

# If something goes wrong, display an error message.
rescue Aws::SES::Errors::ServiceError => e
  puts "Email not sent. Error message: #{e}"
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[VerifyEmailIdentity](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/email-2010-12-01/VerifyEmailIdentity)*中的。

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Amazon SES API v2 示例
<a name="ruby_sesv2_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何在 Amazon SES API v2 中 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [操作](#actions)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `SendEmail`
<a name="sesv2_SendEmail_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `SendEmail`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/ses/v2#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-sesv2'
require_relative 'config' # Recipient and sender email addresses.

# Set up the SESv2 client.
client = Aws::SESV2::Client.new(region: AWS_REGION)

def send_email(client, sender_email, recipient_email)
  response = client.send_email(
    {
      from_email_address: sender_email,
      destination: {
        to_addresses: [recipient_email]
      },
      content: {
        simple: {
          subject: {
            data: 'Test email subject'
          },
          body: {
            text: {
              data: 'Test email body'
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  )
  puts "Email sent from #{SENDER_EMAIL} to #{RECIPIENT_EMAIL} with message ID: #{response.message_id}"
end

send_email(client, SENDER_EMAIL, RECIPIENT_EMAIL)
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[SendEmail](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/sesv2-2019-09-27/SendEmail)*中的。

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Amazon SNS 示例
<a name="ruby_sns_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何在 Amazon SNS 中使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [操作](#actions)
+ [无服务器示例](#serverless_examples)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `CreateTopic`
<a name="sns_CreateTopic_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateTopic`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/sns#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# This class demonstrates how to create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS) topic.
class SNSTopicCreator
  # Initializes an SNS client.
  #
  # Utilizes the default AWS configuration for region and credentials.
  def initialize
    @sns_client = Aws::SNS::Client.new
  end

  # Attempts to create an SNS topic with the specified name.
  #
  # @param topic_name [String] The name of the SNS topic to create.
  # @return [Boolean] true if the topic was successfully created, false otherwise.
  def create_topic(topic_name)
    @sns_client.create_topic(name: topic_name)
    puts "The topic '#{topic_name}' was successfully created."
    true
  rescue Aws::SNS::Errors::ServiceError => e
    # Handles SNS service errors gracefully.
    puts "Error while creating the topic named '#{topic_name}': #{e.message}"
    false
  end
end

# Example usage:
if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
  topic_name = 'YourTopicName' # Replace with your topic name
  sns_topic_creator = SNSTopicCreator.new

  puts "Creating the topic '#{topic_name}'..."
  unless sns_topic_creator.create_topic(topic_name)
    puts 'The topic was not created. Stopping program.'
    exit 1
  end
end
```
+  有关更多信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 开发人员指南》[https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-ruby/v3/developer-guide/sns-example-create-topic.html](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-ruby/v3/developer-guide/sns-example-create-topic.html)。
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateTopic](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/sns-2010-03-31/CreateTopic)*中的。

### `ListSubscriptions`
<a name="sns_ListSubscriptions_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListSubscriptions`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/sns#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# This class demonstrates how to list subscriptions to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS) topic
class SnsSubscriptionLister
  def initialize(sns_client)
    @sns_client = sns_client
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
  end

  # Lists subscriptions for a given SNS topic
  # @param topic_arn [String] The ARN of the SNS topic
  # @return [Types::ListSubscriptionsResponse] subscriptions: The response object
  def list_subscriptions(topic_arn)
    @logger.info("Listing subscriptions for topic: #{topic_arn}")
    subscriptions = @sns_client.list_subscriptions_by_topic(topic_arn: topic_arn)
    subscriptions.subscriptions.each do |subscription|
      @logger.info("Subscription endpoint: #{subscription.endpoint}")
    end
    subscriptions
  rescue Aws::SNS::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error listing subscriptions: #{e.message}")
    raise
  end
end

# Example usage:
if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
  sns_client = Aws::SNS::Client.new
  topic_arn = 'SNS_TOPIC_ARN' # Replace with your SNS topic ARN
  lister = SnsSubscriptionLister.new(sns_client)

  begin
    lister.list_subscriptions(topic_arn)
  rescue StandardError => e
    puts "Failed to list subscriptions: #{e.message}"
    exit 1
  end
end
```
+  有关更多信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 开发人员指南》[https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-ruby/v3/developer-guide/sns-example-show-subscriptions.html](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-ruby/v3/developer-guide/sns-example-show-subscriptions.html)。
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListSubscriptions](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/sns-2010-03-31/ListSubscriptions)*中的。

### `ListTopics`
<a name="sns_ListTopics_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListTopics`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/sns#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-sns' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

def list_topics?(sns_client)
  sns_client.topics.each do |topic|
    puts topic.arn
  rescue StandardError => e
    puts "Error while listing the topics: #{e.message}"
  end
end

def run_me
  region = 'REGION'
  sns_client = Aws::SNS::Resource.new(region: region)

  puts 'Listing the topics.'

  return if list_topics?(sns_client)

  puts 'The bucket was not created. Stopping program.'
  exit 1
end

# Example usage:
run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关更多信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 开发人员指南》[https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-ruby/v3/developer-guide/sns-example-show-topics.html](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-ruby/v3/developer-guide/sns-example-show-topics.html)。
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListTopics](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/sns-2010-03-31/ListTopics)*中的。

### `Publish`
<a name="sns_Publish_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `Publish`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/sns#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Service class for sending messages using Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS)
class SnsMessageSender
  # Initializes the SnsMessageSender with an SNS client
  #
  # @param sns_client [Aws::SNS::Client] The SNS client
  def initialize(sns_client)
    @sns_client = sns_client
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
  end

  # Sends a message to a specified SNS topic
  #
  # @param topic_arn [String] The ARN of the SNS topic
  # @param message [String] The message to send
  # @return [Boolean] true if message was successfully sent, false otherwise
  def send_message(topic_arn, message)
    @sns_client.publish(topic_arn: topic_arn, message: message)
    @logger.info("Message sent successfully to #{topic_arn}.")
    true
  rescue Aws::SNS::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error while sending the message: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end

# Example usage:
if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
  topic_arn = 'SNS_TOPIC_ARN' # Should be replaced with a real topic ARN
  message = 'MESSAGE'         # Should be replaced with the actual message content

  sns_client = Aws::SNS::Client.new
  message_sender = SnsMessageSender.new(sns_client)

  @logger.info('Sending message.')
  unless message_sender.send_message(topic_arn, message)
    @logger.error('Message sending failed. Stopping program.')
    exit 1
  end
end
```
+  有关更多信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 开发人员指南》[https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-ruby/v3/developer-guide/sns-example-send-message.html](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-ruby/v3/developer-guide/sns-example-send-message.html)。
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考*中的 [Publish](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/sns-2010-03-31/Publish)。

### `SetTopicAttributes`
<a name="sns_SetTopicAttributes_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `SetTopicAttributes`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/sns#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# Service class to enable an SNS resource with a specified policy
class SnsResourceEnabler
  # Initializes the SnsResourceEnabler with an SNS resource client
  #
  # @param sns_resource [Aws::SNS::Resource] The SNS resource client
  def initialize(sns_resource)
    @sns_resource = sns_resource
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
  end

  # Sets a policy on a specified SNS topic
  #
  # @param topic_arn [String] The ARN of the SNS topic
  # @param resource_arn [String] The ARN of the resource to include in the policy
  # @param policy_name [String] The name of the policy attribute to set
  def enable_resource(topic_arn, resource_arn, policy_name)
    policy = generate_policy(topic_arn, resource_arn)
    topic = @sns_resource.topic(topic_arn)

    topic.set_attributes({
                           attribute_name: policy_name,
                           attribute_value: policy
                         })
    @logger.info("Policy #{policy_name} set successfully for topic #{topic_arn}.")
  rescue Aws::SNS::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Failed to set policy: #{e.message}")
  end

  private

  # Generates a policy string with dynamic resource ARNs
  #
  # @param topic_arn [String] The ARN of the SNS topic
  # @param resource_arn [String] The ARN of the resource
  # @return [String] The policy as a JSON string
  def generate_policy(topic_arn, resource_arn)
    {
      Version: '2008-10-17',
      Id: '__default_policy_ID',
      Statement: [{
        Sid: '__default_statement_ID',
        Effect: 'Allow',
        Principal: { "AWS": '*' },
        Action: ['SNS:Publish'],
        Resource: topic_arn,
        Condition: {
          ArnEquals: {
            "AWS:SourceArn": resource_arn
          }
        }
      }]
    }.to_json
  end
end

# Example usage:
if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
  topic_arn = 'MY_TOPIC_ARN' # Should be replaced with a real topic ARN
  resource_arn = 'MY_RESOURCE_ARN' # Should be replaced with a real resource ARN
  policy_name = 'POLICY_NAME' # Typically, this is "Policy"

  sns_resource = Aws::SNS::Resource.new
  enabler = SnsResourceEnabler.new(sns_resource)

  enabler.enable_resource(topic_arn, resource_arn, policy_name)
end
```
+  有关更多信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 开发人员指南》[https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-ruby/v3/developer-guide/sns-example-enable-resource.html](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-ruby/v3/developer-guide/sns-example-enable-resource.html)。
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[SetTopicAttributes](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/sns-2010-03-31/SetTopicAttributes)*中的。

### `Subscribe`
<a name="sns_Subscribe_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `Subscribe`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/sns#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。
将电子邮件地址订阅到主题。  

```
require 'aws-sdk-sns'
require 'logger'

# Represents a service for creating subscriptions in Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS)
class SubscriptionService
  # Initializes the SubscriptionService with an SNS client
  #
  # @param sns_client [Aws::SNS::Client] The SNS client
  def initialize(sns_client)
    @sns_client = sns_client
    @logger = Logger.new($stdout)
  end

  # Attempts to create a subscription to a topic
  #
  # @param topic_arn [String] The ARN of the SNS topic
  # @param protocol [String] The subscription protocol (e.g., email)
  # @param endpoint [String] The endpoint that receives the notifications (email address)
  # @return [Boolean] true if subscription was successfully created, false otherwise
  def create_subscription(topic_arn, protocol, endpoint)
    @sns_client.subscribe(topic_arn: topic_arn, protocol: protocol, endpoint: endpoint)
    @logger.info('Subscription created successfully.')
    true
  rescue Aws::SNS::Errors::ServiceError => e
    @logger.error("Error while creating the subscription: #{e.message}")
    false
  end
end

# Main execution if the script is run directly
if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
  protocol = 'email'
  endpoint = 'EMAIL_ADDRESS' # Should be replaced with a real email address
  topic_arn = 'TOPIC_ARN'    # Should be replaced with a real topic ARN

  sns_client = Aws::SNS::Client.new
  subscription_service = SubscriptionService.new(sns_client)

  @logger.info('Creating the subscription.')
  unless subscription_service.create_subscription(topic_arn, protocol, endpoint)
    @logger.error('Subscription creation failed. Stopping program.')
    exit 1
  end
end
```
+  有关更多信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 开发人员指南》[https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-ruby/v3/developer-guide/sns-example-create-subscription.html](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-ruby/v3/developer-guide/sns-example-create-subscription.html)。
+  有关 API 详细信息，请参阅《适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API Reference》**中的 [Subscribe](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/sns-2010-03-31/Subscribe)。

## 无服务器示例
<a name="serverless_examples"></a>

### 通过 Amazon SNS 触发器调用 Lambda 函数
<a name="serverless_SNS_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何实现一个 Lambda 函数，该函数接收因接收来自 SNS 主题的消息而触发的事件。该函数从事件参数检索消息并记录每条消息的内容。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-sns-to-lambda)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
通过 Ruby 将 SNS 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。  

```
# Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  event['Records'].map { |record| process_message(record) }
end

def process_message(record)
  message = record['Sns']['Message']
  puts("Processing message: #{message}")
rescue StandardError => e
  puts("Error processing message: #{e}")
  raise
end
```

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Amazon SQS 示例
<a name="ruby_sqs_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 与 Amazon SQS 配合使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [操作](#actions)
+ [无服务器示例](#serverless_examples)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `ChangeMessageVisibility`
<a name="sqs_ChangeMessageVisibility_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ChangeMessageVisibility`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/sqs#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-sqs' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'
# Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon SQS.
sqs = Aws::SQS::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2')

begin
  queue_name = 'my-queue'
  queue_url = sqs.get_queue_url(queue_name: queue_name).queue_url

  # Receive up to 10 messages
  receive_message_result_before = sqs.receive_message({
                                                        queue_url: queue_url,
                                                        max_number_of_messages: 10
                                                      })

  puts "Before attempting to change message visibility timeout: received #{receive_message_result_before.messages.count} message(s)."

  receive_message_result_before.messages.each do |message|
    sqs.change_message_visibility({
                                    queue_url: queue_url,
                                    receipt_handle: message.receipt_handle,
                                    visibility_timeout: 30 # This message will not be visible for 30 seconds after first receipt.
                                  })
  end

  # Try to retrieve the original messages after setting their visibility timeout.
  receive_message_result_after = sqs.receive_message({
                                                       queue_url: queue_url,
                                                       max_number_of_messages: 10
                                                     })

  puts "\nAfter attempting to change message visibility timeout: received #{receive_message_result_after.messages.count} message(s)."
rescue Aws::SQS::Errors::NonExistentQueue
  puts "Cannot receive messages for a queue named '#{queue_name}', as it does not exist."
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ChangeMessageVisibility](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/sqs-2012-11-05/ChangeMessageVisibility)*中的。

### `CreateQueue`
<a name="sqs_CreateQueue_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `CreateQueue`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/sqs#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
# This code example demonstrates how to create a queue in Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS).

require 'aws-sdk-sqs'

# @param sqs_client [Aws::SQS::Client] An initialized Amazon SQS client.
# @param queue_name [String] The name of the queue.
# @return [Boolean] true if the queue was created; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless queue_created?(
#     Aws::SQS::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'my-queue'
#   )
def queue_created?(sqs_client, queue_name)
  sqs_client.create_queue(queue_name: queue_name)
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error creating queue: #{e.message}"
  false
end

# Full example call:
# Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon SQS.
def run_me
  region = 'us-west-2'
  queue_name = 'my-queue'
  sqs_client = Aws::SQS::Client.new(region: region)

  puts "Creating the queue named '#{queue_name}'..."

  if queue_created?(sqs_client, queue_name)
    puts 'Queue created.'
  else
    puts 'Queue not created.'
  end
end

# Example usage:
run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[CreateQueue](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/sqs-2012-11-05/CreateQueue)*中的。

### `DeleteQueue`
<a name="sqs_DeleteQueue_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `DeleteQueue`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/sqs#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-sqs' # v2: require 'aws-sdk'
# Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon SQS.
sqs = Aws::SQS::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2')

sqs.delete_queue(queue_url: URL)
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[DeleteQueue](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/sqs-2012-11-05/DeleteQueue)*中的。

### `ListQueues`
<a name="sqs_ListQueues_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ListQueues`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/sqs#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-sqs'
require 'aws-sdk-sts'

# @param sqs_client [Aws::SQS::Client] An initialized Amazon SQS client.
# @example
#   list_queue_urls(Aws::SQS::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'))
def list_queue_urls(sqs_client)
  queues = sqs_client.list_queues

  queues.queue_urls.each do |url|
    puts url
  end
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error listing queue URLs: #{e.message}"
end

# Lists the attributes of a queue in Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS).
#
# @param sqs_client [Aws::SQS::Client] An initialized Amazon SQS client.
# @param queue_url [String] The URL of the queue.
# @example
#   list_queue_attributes(
#     Aws::SQS::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'https://sqs.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/111111111111/my-queue'
#   )
def list_queue_attributes(sqs_client, queue_url)
  attributes = sqs_client.get_queue_attributes(
    queue_url: queue_url,
    attribute_names: ['All']
  )

  attributes.attributes.each do |key, value|
    puts "#{key}: #{value}"
  end
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error getting queue attributes: #{e.message}"
end

# Full example call:
# Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon SQS.
def run_me
  region = 'us-west-2'
  queue_name = 'my-queue'

  sqs_client = Aws::SQS::Client.new(region: region)

  puts 'Listing available queue URLs...'
  list_queue_urls(sqs_client)

  sts_client = Aws::STS::Client.new(region: region)

  # For example:
  # 'https://sqs.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/111111111111/my-queue'
  queue_url = "https://sqs.#{region}.amazonaws.com/#{sts_client.get_caller_identity.account}/#{queue_name}"

  puts "\nGetting information about queue '#{queue_name}'..."
  list_queue_attributes(sqs_client, queue_url)
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ListQueues](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/sqs-2012-11-05/ListQueues)*中的。

### `ReceiveMessage`
<a name="sqs_ReceiveMessage_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `ReceiveMessage`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/sqs#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-sqs'
require 'aws-sdk-sts'

# Receives messages in a queue in Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS).
#
# @param sqs_client [Aws::SQS::Client] An initialized Amazon SQS client.
# @param queue_url [String] The URL of the queue.
# @param max_number_of_messages [Integer] The maximum number of messages
#   to receive. This number must be 10 or less. The default is 10.
# @example
#   receive_messages(
#     Aws::SQS::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'https://sqs.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/111111111111/my-queue',
#     10
#   )
def receive_messages(sqs_client, queue_url, max_number_of_messages = 10)
  if max_number_of_messages > 10
    puts 'Maximum number of messages to receive must be 10 or less. ' \
      'Stopping program.'
    return
  end

  response = sqs_client.receive_message(
    queue_url: queue_url,
    max_number_of_messages: max_number_of_messages
  )

  if response.messages.count.zero?
    puts 'No messages to receive, or all messages have already ' \
      'been previously received.'
    return
  end

  response.messages.each do |message|
    puts '-' * 20
    puts "Message body: #{message.body}"
    puts "Message ID:   #{message.message_id}"
  end
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error receiving messages: #{e.message}"
end

# Full example call:
# Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon SQS.
def run_me
  region = 'us-west-2'
  queue_name = 'my-queue'
  max_number_of_messages = 10

  sts_client = Aws::STS::Client.new(region: region)

  # For example:
  # 'https://sqs.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/111111111111/my-queue'
  queue_url = "https://sqs.#{region}.amazonaws.com/#{sts_client.get_caller_identity.account}/#{queue_name}"

  sqs_client = Aws::SQS::Client.new(region: region)

  puts "Receiving messages from queue '#{queue_name}'..."

  receive_messages(sqs_client, queue_url, max_number_of_messages)
end

# Example usage:
run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[ReceiveMessage](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/sqs-2012-11-05/ReceiveMessage)*中的。

### `SendMessage`
<a name="sqs_SendMessage_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `SendMessage`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/sqs#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-sqs'
require 'aws-sdk-sts'

# @param sqs_client [Aws::SQS::Client] An initialized Amazon SQS client.
# @param queue_url [String] The URL of the queue.
# @param message_body [String] The contents of the message to be sent.
# @return [Boolean] true if the message was sent; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless message_sent?(
#     Aws::SQS::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'https://sqs.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/111111111111/my-queue',
#     'This is my message.'
#   )
def message_sent?(sqs_client, queue_url, message_body)
  sqs_client.send_message(
    queue_url: queue_url,
    message_body: message_body
  )
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error sending message: #{e.message}"
  false
end

# Full example call:
# Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon SQS.
def run_me
  region = 'us-west-2'
  queue_name = 'my-queue'
  message_body = 'This is my message.'

  sts_client = Aws::STS::Client.new(region: region)

  # For example:
  # 'https://sqs.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/111111111111/my-queue'
  queue_url = "https://sqs.#{region}.amazonaws.com/#{sts_client.get_caller_identity.account}/#{queue_name}"

  sqs_client = Aws::SQS::Client.new(region: region)

  puts "Sending a message to the queue named '#{queue_name}'..."

  if message_sent?(sqs_client, queue_url, message_body)
    puts 'Message sent.'
  else
    puts 'Message not sent.'
  end
end

# Example usage:
run_me if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[SendMessage](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/sqs-2012-11-05/SendMessage)*中的。

### `SendMessageBatch`
<a name="sqs_SendMessageBatch_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `SendMessageBatch`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/sqs#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
require 'aws-sdk-sqs'
require 'aws-sdk-sts'

#
# @param sqs_client [Aws::SQS::Client] An initialized Amazon SQS client.
# @param queue_url [String] The URL of the queue.
# @param entries [Hash] The contents of the messages to be sent,
#   in the correct format.
# @return [Boolean] true if the messages were sent; otherwise, false.
# @example
#   exit 1 unless messages_sent?(
#     Aws::SQS::Client.new(region: 'us-west-2'),
#     'https://sqs.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/111111111111/my-queue',
#     [
#       {
#         id: 'Message1',
#         message_body: 'This is the first message.'
#       },
#       {
#         id: 'Message2',
#         message_body: 'This is the second message.'
#       }
#     ]
#   )
def messages_sent?(sqs_client, queue_url, entries)
  sqs_client.send_message_batch(
    queue_url: queue_url,
    entries: entries
  )
  true
rescue StandardError => e
  puts "Error sending messages: #{e.message}"
  false
end

# Full example call:
# Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon SQS.
def run_me
  region = 'us-west-2'
  queue_name = 'my-queue'
  entries = [
    {
      id: 'Message1',
      message_body: 'This is the first message.'
    },
    {
      id: 'Message2',
      message_body: 'This is the second message.'
    }
  ]

  sts_client = Aws::STS::Client.new(region: region)

  # For example:
  # 'https://sqs.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/111111111111/my-queue'
  queue_url = "https://sqs.#{region}.amazonaws.com/#{sts_client.get_caller_identity.account}/#{queue_name}"

  sqs_client = Aws::SQS::Client.new(region: region)

  puts "Sending messages to the queue named '#{queue_name}'..."

  if messages_sent?(sqs_client, queue_url, entries)
    puts 'Messages sent.'
  else
    puts 'Messages not sent.'
  end
end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[SendMessageBatch](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/sqs-2012-11-05/SendMessageBatch)*中的。

## 无服务器示例
<a name="serverless_examples"></a>

### 通过 Amazon SQS 触发器调用 Lambda 函数
<a name="serverless_SQS_Lambda_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何实现一个 Lambda 函数，该函数接收因接收来自 SNS 队列的消息而触发的事件。该函数从事件参数检索消息并记录每条消息的内容。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-sqs-to-lambda)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
使用 Ruby 将 SQS 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。  

```
# Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  event['Records'].each do |message|
    process_message(message)
  end
  puts "done"
end

def process_message(message)
  begin
    puts "Processed message #{message['body']}"
    # TODO: Do interesting work based on the new message
  rescue StandardError => err
    puts "An error occurred"
    raise err
  end
end
```

### 报告使用 Amazon SQS 触发器进行 Lambda 函数批处理项目失败
<a name="serverless_SQS_Lambda_batch_item_failures_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例展示了如何为接收来自 SQS 队列的事件的 Lambda 函数实现部分批处理响应。该函数在响应中报告批处理项目失败，并指示 Lambda 稍后重试这些消息。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在[无服务器示例](https://github.com/aws-samples/serverless-snippets/tree/main/integration-sqs-to-lambda-with-batch-item-handling)存储库中查找完整示例，并了解如何进行设置和运行。
报告使用 Ruby 进行 Lambda SQS 批处理项目失败。  

```
# Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
require 'json'

def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  if event
    batch_item_failures = []
    sqs_batch_response = {}

    event["Records"].each do |record|
      begin
        # process message
      rescue StandardError => e
        batch_item_failures << {"itemIdentifier" => record['messageId']}
      end
    end

    sqs_batch_response["batchItemFailures"] = batch_item_failures
    return sqs_batch_response
  end
end
```

# AWS STS 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的示例
<a name="ruby_sts_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用with来执行操作和实现常见场景 AWS STS。 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 

*操作*是大型程序的代码摘录，必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数，还可以通过函数相关场景的上下文查看操作。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [操作](#actions)

## 操作
<a name="actions"></a>

### `AssumeRole`
<a name="sts_AssumeRole_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 `AssumeRole`。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 [AWS 代码示例存储库](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/example_code/iam#code-examples)中查找完整示例，了解如何进行设置和运行。

```
  # Creates an AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS) client with specified credentials.
  # This is separated into a factory function so that it can be mocked for unit testing.
  #
  # @param key_id [String] The ID of the access key used by the STS client.
  # @param key_secret [String] The secret part of the access key used by the STS client.
  def create_sts_client(key_id, key_secret)
    Aws::STS::Client.new(access_key_id: key_id, secret_access_key: key_secret)
  end

  # Gets temporary credentials that can be used to assume a role.
  #
  # @param role_arn [String] The ARN of the role that is assumed when these credentials
  #                          are used.
  # @param sts_client [AWS::STS::Client] An AWS STS client.
  # @return [Aws::AssumeRoleCredentials] The credentials that can be used to assume the role.
  def assume_role(role_arn, sts_client)
    credentials = Aws::AssumeRoleCredentials.new(
      client: sts_client,
      role_arn: role_arn,
      role_session_name: 'create-use-assume-role-scenario'
    )
    @logger.info("Assumed role '#{role_arn}', got temporary credentials.")
    credentials
  end
```
+  有关 API 的详细信息，请参阅 *适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK API 参考[AssumeRole](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/goto/SdkForRubyV3/sts-2011-06-15/AssumeRole)*中的。

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Amazon Textract 示例
<a name="ruby_textract_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何在 Amazon Textract 中 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。

*场景*是向您演示如何通过在一个服务中调用多个函数或与其他 AWS 服务结合来完成特定任务的代码示例。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [场景](#scenarios)

## 场景
<a name="scenarios"></a>

### 创建用于分析客户反馈的应用程序
<a name="cross_FSA_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例说明如何创建应用程序来分析客户意见卡、翻译其母语、确定其情绪并根据译后的文本生成音频文件。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 此示例应用程序可分析并存储客户反馈卡。具体来说，它满足了纽约市一家虚构酒店的需求。酒店以实体意见卡的形式收集来自不同语种的客人的反馈。该反馈通过 Web 客户端上传到应用程序中。意见卡图片上传后，将执行以下步骤：  
+ 使用 Amazon Textract 从图片中提取文本。
+ Amazon Comprehend 确定所提取文本的情绪及其语言。
+ 使用 Amazon Translate 将所提取文本翻译为英语。
+ Amazon Polly 根据所提取文本合成音频文件。
 完整的应用程序可使用  AWS CDK 进行部署。有关源代码和部署说明，请参阅中的项目[ GitHub](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/cross_service_examples/feedback_sentiment_analyzer)。  

**本示例中使用的服务**
+ Amazon Comprehend
+ Lambda
+ Amazon Polly
+ Amazon Textract
+ Amazon Translate

# 使用适用于 Ruby 的 SDK 的 Amazon Translate 示例
<a name="ruby_translate_code_examples"></a>

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用 适用于 Ruby 的 AWS SDK 与 Amazon Translate 配合使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。

*场景*是向您演示如何通过在一个服务中调用多个函数或与其他 AWS 服务结合来完成特定任务的代码示例。

每个示例都包含一个指向完整源代码的链接，您可以从中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

**Topics**
+ [场景](#scenarios)

## 场景
<a name="scenarios"></a>

### 创建用于分析客户反馈的应用程序
<a name="cross_FSA_ruby_topic"></a>

以下代码示例说明如何创建应用程序来分析客户意见卡、翻译其母语、确定其情绪并根据译后的文本生成音频文件。

**适用于 Ruby 的 SDK**  
 此示例应用程序可分析并存储客户反馈卡。具体来说，它满足了纽约市一家虚构酒店的需求。酒店以实体意见卡的形式收集来自不同语种的客人的反馈。该反馈通过 Web 客户端上传到应用程序中。意见卡图片上传后，将执行以下步骤：  
+ 使用 Amazon Textract 从图片中提取文本。
+ Amazon Comprehend 确定所提取文本的情绪及其语言。
+ 使用 Amazon Translate 将所提取文本翻译为英语。
+ Amazon Polly 根据所提取文本合成音频文件。
 完整的应用程序可使用  AWS CDK 进行部署。有关源代码和部署说明，请参阅中的项目[ GitHub](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/ruby/cross_service_examples/feedback_sentiment_analyzer)。  

**本示例中使用的服务**
+ Amazon Comprehend
+ Lambda
+ Amazon Polly
+ Amazon Textract
+ Amazon Translate