本文為英文版的機器翻譯版本，如內容有任何歧義或不一致之處，概以英文版為準。

在 中監控 Amazon Aurora AmazonAPI呼叫 AWS CloudTrail

AWS CloudTrail 是一項 AWS 服務，可協助您稽核 AWS 帳戶。當您建立 AWS 帳戶時， AWS CloudTrail 會開啟帳戶的 。如需詳細資訊 CloudTrail，請參閱 AWS CloudTrail 使用者指南。

CloudTrail 與 Amazon AuroraAmazon整合

所有 Amazon Aurora Amazon動作都會由 記錄 CloudTrail。 CloudTrail 提供使用者、角色或 Amazon Aurora中 AWS 服務所採取動作的記錄。

CloudTrail 事件

CloudTrail 會將 Amazon Aurora Amazon的API呼叫擷取為事件。一個事件為任何來源提出的單一請求，並包含請求動作、請求的日期和時間、請求參數等資訊。事件包括來自 Amazon RDS主控台的呼叫，以及來自 Amazon RDSAPI操作的程式碼呼叫。

Amazon Aurora Amazon活動會記錄在 CloudTrail 事件歷史記錄中的事件中。您可以使用 CloudTrail 主控台來檢視 AWS 區域中最近 90 天的記錄API活動和事件。如需詳細資訊，請參閱檢視具有事件歷史記錄 CloudTrail 的事件。

CloudTrail 線索

若要持續記錄您 AWS 帳戶中的事件，包括 Amazon Aurora的事件，請建立追蹤。線索是一種組態，可讓事件交付至指定的 Amazon S3 儲存貯體。 CloudTrail 通常會在帳戶活動後 15 分鐘內交付日誌檔案。

您可以為 AWS 帳戶建立兩種追蹤類型：套用至所有區域的追蹤，或套用至一個區域的追蹤。根據預設，當您在主控台建立線索時，線索會套用到所有 區域。

此外，您可以設定其他 AWS 服務，以進一步分析 CloudTrail 日誌中收集的事件資料並對其採取行動。如需詳細資訊，請參閱：

Amazon Aurora Amazon日誌檔案項目

CloudTrail 日誌檔案包含一或多個日誌項目。 CloudTrail 日誌檔案不是公開API呼叫的排序堆疊追蹤，因此它們不會以任何特定順序顯示。

下列範例顯示示範 CreateDBInstance動作的 CloudTrail 日誌項目。

{
    "eventVersion": "1.04",
    "userIdentity": {
        "type": "IAMUser",
        "principalId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
        "arn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/johndoe",
        "accountId": "123456789012",
        "accessKeyId": "AKIAI44QH8DHBEXAMPLE",
        "userName": "johndoe"
    },
    "eventTime": "2018-07-30T22:14:06Z",
    "eventSource": "rds.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "CreateDBInstance",
    "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
    "sourceIPAddress": "192.0.2.0",
    "userAgent": "aws-cli/1.15.42 Python/3.6.1 Darwin/17.7.0 botocore/1.10.42",
    "requestParameters": {
        "enableCloudwatchLogsExports": [
            "audit",
            "error",
            "general",
            "slowquery"
        ],
        "dBInstanceIdentifier": "test-instance",
        "engine": "mysql",
        "masterUsername": "myawsuser",
        "allocatedStorage": 20,
        "dBInstanceClass": "db.m1.small",
        "masterUserPassword": "****"
    },
    "responseElements": {
        "dBInstanceArn": "arn:aws:rds:us-east-1:123456789012:db:test-instance",
        "storageEncrypted": false,
        "preferredBackupWindow": "10:27-10:57",
        "preferredMaintenanceWindow": "sat:05:47-sat:06:17",
        "backupRetentionPeriod": 1,
        "allocatedStorage": 20,
        "storageType": "standard",
        "engineVersion": "8.0.28",
        "dbInstancePort": 0,
        "optionGroupMemberships": [
            {
                "status": "in-sync",
                "optionGroupName": "default:mysql-8-0"
            }
        ],
        "dBParameterGroups": [
            {
                "dBParameterGroupName": "default.mysql8.0",
                "parameterApplyStatus": "in-sync"
            }
        ],
        "monitoringInterval": 0,
        "dBInstanceClass": "db.m1.small",
        "readReplicaDBInstanceIdentifiers": [],
        "dBSubnetGroup": {
            "dBSubnetGroupName": "default",
            "dBSubnetGroupDescription": "default",
            "subnets": [
                {
                    "subnetAvailabilityZone": {"name": "us-east-1b"},
                    "subnetIdentifier": "subnet-cbfff283",
                    "subnetStatus": "Active"
                },
                {
                    "subnetAvailabilityZone": {"name": "us-east-1e"},
                    "subnetIdentifier": "subnet-d7c825e8",
                    "subnetStatus": "Active"
                },
                {
                    "subnetAvailabilityZone": {"name": "us-east-1f"},
                    "subnetIdentifier": "subnet-6746046b",
                    "subnetStatus": "Active"
                },
                {
                    "subnetAvailabilityZone": {"name": "us-east-1c"},
                    "subnetIdentifier": "subnet-bac383e0",
                    "subnetStatus": "Active"
                },
                {
                    "subnetAvailabilityZone": {"name": "us-east-1d"},
                    "subnetIdentifier": "subnet-42599426",
                    "subnetStatus": "Active"
                },
                {
                    "subnetAvailabilityZone": {"name": "us-east-1a"},
                    "subnetIdentifier": "subnet-da327bf6",
                    "subnetStatus": "Active"
                }
            ],
            "vpcId": "vpc-136a4c6a",
            "subnetGroupStatus": "Complete"
        },
        "masterUsername": "myawsuser",
        "multiAZ": false,
        "autoMinorVersionUpgrade": true,
        "engine": "mysql",
        "cACertificateIdentifier": "rds-ca-2015",
        "dbiResourceId": "db-ETDZIIXHEWY5N7GXVC4SH7H5IA",
        "dBSecurityGroups": [],
        "pendingModifiedValues": {
            "masterUserPassword": "****",
            "pendingCloudwatchLogsExports": {
                "logTypesToEnable": [
                    "audit",
                    "error",
                    "general",
                    "slowquery"
                ]
            }
        },
        "dBInstanceStatus": "creating",
        "publiclyAccessible": true,
        "domainMemberships": [],
        "copyTagsToSnapshot": false,
        "dBInstanceIdentifier": "test-instance",
        "licenseModel": "general-public-license",
        "iAMDatabaseAuthenticationEnabled": false,
        "performanceInsightsEnabled": false,
        "vpcSecurityGroups": [
            {
                "status": "active",
                "vpcSecurityGroupId": "sg-f839b688"
            }
        ]
    },
    "requestID": "daf2e3f5-96a3-4df7-a026-863f96db793e",
    "eventID": "797163d3-5726-441d-80a7-6eeb7464acd4",
    "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
    "recipientAccountId": "123456789012"
}

如上述範例中的 userIdentity 元素所示，每個事件或記錄項目都包含產生要求者的相關資訊。身分資訊可協助您判斷下列事項：

如需 的詳細資訊userIdentity，請參閱 CloudTrail userIdentity 元素。如需 CreateDBInstance和其他 Amazon Aurora Amazon動作的詳細資訊，請參閱 Amazon RDSAPI參考。