本文為英文版的機器翻譯版本，如內容有任何歧義或不一致之處，概以英文版為準。

流量政策文件格式

當您使用其中一個 AWS SDKs、 AWS CLI或 Amazon Route 53 API，以程式設計方式建立流量政策時 AWS Tools for Windows PowerShell，請以 JSON 格式的 Document元素指定流量政策的定義。

如需流量政策的詳細資訊，請參閱《Amazon Route 53 開發人員指南》中的使用流量流程路由 DNS 流量。

基本語法

以下是流量政策文件的基本語法：

{
   "AWSPolicyFormatVersion": "2015-10-01 | 2023-05-09",
   "RecordType": "DNS type for all resource record sets created by this traffic policy",
   "StartEndpoint | StartRule": "ID that you assign to an endpoint or rule",
   "Endpoints": {
      "Endpoint ID that you assign": {
         Endpoint definition
      },
      ...
   },
   "Rules": {
      "Rule ID that you assign": {
         Rule definition
      },
      ...
   }
}

流量政策文件的基本語法包含下列物件：

端點定義的語法

以下是您在流量政策文件中指定的端點定義的語法：

{
   "Type": value | cloudfront | application-load-balancer | elastic-load-balancer | network-load-balancer | elastic-beanstalk | s3-website,
   "Region": "AWS region that you created your Amazon S3 bucket in"
   "Value": "value applicable to the type of endpoint"
}

端點定義的語法包含下列物件：

規則定義的語法

流量政策文件中指定的規則定義有不同的語法，取決於您要使用的路由政策類型：容錯移轉、地理位置、地理位置鄰近性、延遲、多值回答或加權。

容錯移轉規則

如需詳細資訊，請參閱《Amazon Route 53 開發人員指南》中的設定 DNS 容錯移轉。

{
   "RuleType": "failover",
   "Primary": {
      "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the rule or endpoint that this rule routes traffic to",
      "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true" | "false",
      "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
   },
   "Secondary": {
      "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the rule or endpoint that this rule routes traffic to",
      "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true" | "false",
      "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
   }
}

當您定義容錯移轉規則時，您可以指定下列物件：

地理位置規則

當您新增地理位置規則時，您可以設定流量政策，根據使用者的地理位置路由流量。如需詳細資訊，請參閱《Amazon Route 53 開發人員指南》中的地理位置路由。

{
   "RuleType": "geo",
   "Locations": [
      {
         "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the rule or endpoint that this rule routes traffic to",
         "IsDefault": "true" | "false",
         "Continent": "continent name,
         "Country": "country name,
         "Subdivision": "subdivision name,
         "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true" | "false",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      },
      ...
   ]
}

當您定義地理位置規則時，您可以指定下列物件：

地理位置鄰近性規則

當您新增地理位置鄰近性規則時，您可以設定 Amazon Route 53，根據資源的地理位置將流量路由到資源。您也可以選擇指定偏差，將更多流量或更少路由到指定的端點或規則。您可以使用偏差來擴展或縮減流量路由到端點或規則的地理區域大小。如需詳細資訊，請參閱《Amazon Route 53 開發人員指南》中的地理位置鄰近性路由。

下列範例AWSPolicyFormatVersion 2023-05-09僅適用於 ：

{
   "RuleType": "geoproximity",
   "GeoproximityLocations": [
      { 
         "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the endpoint or rule that this rule routes traffic to",
         "Location":{
            "Type": "Region | LocalZone",
            "LocationName": "AWS Region | AWS Local Zone"
         },
         "Bias": "optional value to expand or shrink the geographic region for this rule, -99 to 99",
         "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true | false",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      },
      {
         "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the endpoint or rule that this rule routes traffic to",
         "Location":{
            "Type": "Coordinate",
            "Latitude": "location south (negative) or north (positive) of the equator, -90 to 90 degrees",
            "Longitude": "location west (negative) or east (positive) of the prime meridian, -180 to 180 degrees"
         },
         "Bias": "optional value to expand or shrink the geographic region for this rule, -99 to 99",
         "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true | false",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      }
   ]
}

下列範例AWSPolicyFormatVersion 2015-10-01僅適用於 ：

{
   "RuleType": "geoproximity",
   "GeoproximityLocations": [
      {
         "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the endpoint or rule that this rule routes traffic to",
         "Region": "AWS Region",
         "Bias": "optional value to expand or shrink the geographic region for this rule, -99 to 99",
         "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true | false",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      },
      {
         "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the endpoint or rule that this rule routes traffic to",
         "Latitude": "location south (negative) or north (positive) of the equator, -90 to 90 degrees",
         "Longitude": "location west (negative) or east (positive) of the prime meridian, -180 to 180 degrees",
         "Bias": "optional value to expand or shrink the geographic region for this rule, -99 to 99",
         "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true | false",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      }
   ]
}

當您定義地理位置鄰近性規則時，您可以指定下列物件：

延遲規則

當您新增延遲規則時，您可以設定流量政策，根據使用者與您建立 AWS 資源的區域之間的延遲 （時間延遲） 來路由流量，例如 ELB 負載平衡器和 Amazon S3 儲存貯 AWS 體。如需詳細資訊，請參閱《Amazon Route 53 開發人員指南》中的延遲路由。

{
   "RuleType": "latency",
   "Regions": [
      {
         "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the rule or endpoint that this rule routes traffic to",
         "Region": "AWS region that you want to route traffic to",
         "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true" | "false",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      },
      ...
   ]
}

當您定義延遲規則時，您可以指定下列物件：

多值回答規則

當您新增多值回答規則時，您可以設定流量政策，將流量大約隨機路由到運作狀態良好的資源。Amazon Route 53 會以最多八個運作狀態良好的記錄回應 DNS 查詢；如果您有八個或更少的運作狀態良好的記錄，Route 53 會以所有運作狀態良好的記錄回應所有 DNS 查詢。如需詳細資訊，請參閱 MultiValueAnswer。

{
   "RuleType": "multivalue",
   "Items": [
      {
         "EndpointReference": "ID that you assigned to the endpoint that this rule routes traffic to",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      },
      ...
   ]
}

當您定義多值回答規則時，您可以指定下列物件：

加權規則

當您新增加權規則時，您可以設定流量政策，根據您指定的比例路由流量。例如，您可以指定 4、5、5 和 6 的權重 （總和 = 20)。結果是平均 4/20 的流量路由到第一個端點或規則，5/20 同時路由到第二個和第三個端點或規則，而 6/20 路由到最後一個端點或規則。如需詳細資訊，請參閱《Amazon Route 53 開發人員指南》中的加權路由。

{
   "RuleType": "weighted",
   "Items": [
      {
         "EndpointReference | RuleReference": "ID that you assigned to the rule or endpoint that this rule routes traffic to",
         "Weight": "value between 0 and 255",
         "EvaluateTargetHealth": "true" | "false",
         "HealthCheck": "optional health check ID"
      },
      ...
   ]
}

當您定義加權規則時，您可以指定下列物件：

範例

下列範例示範如何使用容錯移轉、地理位置、地理位置鄰近性、延遲和加權規則，以及如何在相同的流量政策中使用多種類型的規則。

容錯移轉範例

{
   "AWSPolicyFormatVersion":"2015-10-01",
   "RecordType":"A",
   "StartRule":"site_switch",
   "Endpoints":{
      "my_elb":{
         "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
         "Value":"elb-111111.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
      },
      "site_down_banner":{
         "Type":"s3-website",
         "Region":"us-east-1",
         "Value":"www.example.com"
      }
   },
   "Rules":{
      "site_switch":{
         "RuleType":"failover",
         "Primary":{
            "EndpointReference":"my_elb"
         },
         "Secondary":{
            "EndpointReference":"site_down_banner"
         }
      }
   }
}

地理位置範例

{
  "AWSPolicyFormatVersion":"2015-10-01",
  "RecordType":"A",
  "StartRule":"geo_dest",
  "Endpoints":{
    "english":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.1"
    },
    "french":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.2"
    },
    "german":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.3"
    }
  },
  "Rules":{
    "geo_dest":{
      "RuleType":"geo",
      "Locations":[
        {
          "EndpointReference":"english",
          "Country":"*",
          "HealthCheck":"11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference":"french",
          "Country":"FR",
          "IsDefault":false,
          "HealthCheck":"22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference":"french",
          "Country":"BE",
          "IsDefault":false,
          "HealthCheck":"22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference":"german",
          "Country":"DE",
          "IsDefault":false,
          "HealthCheck":"33333333-3333-3333-3333-333333333333"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

地理位置鄰近性範例

{
  "AWSPolicyFormatVersion":"2015-10-01",
  "RecordType":"A",
  "StartRule":"geoprox-rule",
  "Endpoints":{
    "aws-us-west-1-region":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-123456.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "london-data-center":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.1"
    }
  },
  "Rules":{
    "geoprox-rule":{
      "RuleType": "geoproximity",
      "GeoproximityLocations": [
        {
          "EndpointReference": "aws-us-west-1-region",
          "Region": "aws:route53:us-west-1",
          "Bias": "10",
          "HealthCheck": "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference": "london-data-center",
          "Latitude": "51.50",
          "Longitude": "-0.16",
          "Bias": "0",
          "HealthCheck": "22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

{
  "AWSPolicyFormatVersion":"2023-05-09",
  "RecordType":"A",
  "StartRule":"geoprox-rule",
  "Endpoints":{
    "aws-us-west-1-region":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-123456.us-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "aws-us-east-1-atl-local-zone":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-123456.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "london-data-center":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.1"
    }
  },
  "Rules":{
    "geoprox-rule":{
      "RuleType": "geoproximity",
      "GeoproximityLocations": [
        {
          "EndpointReference": "aws-us-west-1-region",
          "Location": {
            "Type": "Region",
            "LocationName": "aws:route53:us-west-1"
          },
          "Bias": "-10",
          "HealthCheck": "11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference": "aws-us-east-1-atl-local-zone",
          "Location": {
            "Type": "LocalZone",
            "LocationName": "aws:route53:us-east-1-atl-1a"
          },
          "Bias": "10",
          "HealthCheck": "22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference": "london-data-center",
          "Location": {
            "Type": "Coordinate",
            "Latitude": "51.50",
            "Longitude": "-0.16"
          },
          "Bias": "0",
          "HealthCheck": "33333333-3333-3333-3333-333333333333"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

延遲範例

{
  "AWSPolicyFormatVersion":"2015-10-01",
  "RecordType":"A",
  "StartRule":"region_selector",
  "Endpoints":{
    "us_lb":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-123456.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "europe_lb":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-654321.eu-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    }
  },
  "Rules":{
    "region_selector":{
      "RuleType":"latency",
      "Regions":[
        {
          "Region":"us-east-1",
          "EndpointReference":"us_lb"
        },
        {
          "Region":"eu-west-1",
          "EndpointReference":"europe_lb"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

加權範例

{
  "AWSPolicyFormatVersion":"2015-10-01",
  "RecordType":"A",
  "StartRule":"round_robin",
  "Endpoints":{
    "srv1":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.1"
    },
    "srv2":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.2"
    },
    "srv3":{
      "Type":"value",
      "Value":"192.0.2.3"
    }
  },
  "Rules":{
    "round_robin":{
      "RuleType":"weighted",
      "Items":[
        {
          "EndpointReference":"srv1",
          "Weight":"3",
          "HealthCheck":"11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference":"srv2",
          "Weight":"1",
          "HealthCheck":"22222222-2222-2222-2222-222222222222"
        },
        {
          "EndpointReference":"srv3",
          "Weight":"1",
          "HealthCheck":"33333333-3333-3333-3333-333333333333"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

容錯移轉、延遲和地理位置規則的範例

{
  "AWSPolicyFormatVersion":"2015-10-01",
  "RecordType":"A",
  "StartRule":"geo_restriction",
  "Endpoints":{
    "east_coast_lb1":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-111111.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "east_coast_lb2":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-222222.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "west_coast_lb1":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-111111.us-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "west_coast_lb2":{
      "Type":"elastic-load-balancer",
      "Value":"elb-222222.us-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "denied_message":{
      "Type":"s3-website",
      "Region":"us-east-1",
      "Value":"video.example.com"
    }
  },
  "Rules":{
    "geo_restriction":{
      "RuleType":"geo",
      "Locations":[
        {
          "EndpointReference":"denied_message",
          "IsDefault":true
        },
        {
          "RuleReference":"region_selector",
          "Country":"US"
        }
      ]
    },
    "region_selector":{
      "RuleType":"latency",
      "Regions":[
        {
          "Region":"us-east-1",
          "RuleReference":"east_coast_region"
        },
        {
          "Region":"us-west-1",
          "RuleReference":"west_coast_region"
        }
      ]
    },
    "east_coast_region":{
      "RuleType":"failover",
      "Primary":{
        "EndpointReference":"east_coast_lb1"
      },
      "Secondary":{
        "EndpointReference":"east_coast_lb2"
      }
    },
    "west_coast_region":{
      "RuleType":"failover",
      "Primary":{
        "EndpointReference":"west_coast_lb1"
      },
      "Secondary":{
        "EndpointReference":"west_coast_lb2"
      }
    }
  }
}