本文為英文版的機器翻譯版本，如內容有任何歧義或不一致之處，概以英文版為準。
# 使用 記錄 Amazon Route 53 API 呼叫 AWS CloudTrail
Route 53 已與 服務整合 AWS CloudTrail，此服務提供使用者、角色或 Route 53 中 AWS 服務所採取之動作的記錄。CloudTrail 將 Route 53 的所有 API 呼叫擷取為事件，包括來自 Route 53 主控台以及來自對 Route 53 API 發出的程式碼呼叫。若您建立追蹤，便可將 CloudTrail 事件持續交付至 Amazon S3 儲存貯體，包括 Route 53 的事件。即使您未設定追蹤，依然可以透過 CloudTrail 主控台中的**事件歷史記錄**檢視最新事件。您可以利用 CloudTrail 所收集的資訊來判斷向 Route 53 發出的請求，以及發出請求的 IP 地址、人員、時間和其他詳細資訊。
**Topics**
+ [CloudTrail 中的 Route 53 資訊](#route-53-info-in-cloudtrail)
+ [檢視事件歷史記錄中的 Route 53 事件](#route-53-events-in-cloudtrail-event-history)
+ [了解 Route 53 日誌檔案項目](#understanding-route-53-entries-in-cloudtrail)
## CloudTrail 中的 Route 53 資訊
當您建立 AWS 帳戶時，會在您的帳戶上啟用 CloudTrail。當活動在 Route 53 中發生時，該活動會與**事件歷史記錄**中的其他服務 AWS 事件一起記錄在 CloudTrail 事件中。您可以在 AWS 帳戶中檢視、搜尋和下載最近的事件。如需詳細資訊，請參閱[使用 CloudTrail 事件歷史記錄檢視事件](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/view-cloudtrail-events.html)。
若要持續記錄您 AWS 帳戶中的事件，包括 Route 53 的事件，請建立追蹤。線索能讓 CloudTrail 將日誌檔案交付至 Amazon S3 儲存貯體。根據預設，當您在主控台建立線索時，線索會套用到所有 區域。線索會記錄 AWS 分割區中所有區域的事件，並將日誌檔案傳送到您指定的 Amazon S3 儲存貯體。此外，您可以設定其他 AWS 服務，以進一步分析和處理 CloudTrail 日誌中所收集的事件資料。如需詳細資訊，請參閱：
+ [建立追蹤的概觀](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/cloudtrail-create-and-update-a-trail.html)
+ [CloudTrail 支援的服務和整合](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/cloudtrail-aws-service-specific-topics.html#cloudtrail-aws-service-specific-topics-integrations)
+ [設定 CloudTrail 的 Amazon SNS 通知](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/getting_notifications_top_level.html)
+ [接收多個區域的 CloudTrail 日誌檔案](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/receive-cloudtrail-log-files-from-multiple-regions.html)及[接收多個帳戶的 CloudTrail 日誌檔案](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/cloudtrail-receive-logs-from-multiple-accounts.html)
所有 Route 53 動作都是由 CloudTrail 記錄，並歸檔在 [Amazon Route 53 API 參考](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/Route53/latest/APIReference/)中。例如，對 `CreateHostedZone`、`CreateHealthCheck` 以及 `RegisterDomain` 動作發出的呼叫會在 CloudTrail 日誌檔案中產生項目。
每一筆事件或日誌專案都會包含產生請求者的資訊。身分資訊可協助您判斷下列事項：
+ 該請求是否使用根或 IAM 使用者憑證提出。
+ 提出該請求時，是否使用了特定角色或聯合身分使用者的暫時安全憑證。
+ 請求是否由其他 AWS 服務提出。
如需詳細資訊，請參閱 [CloudTrail userIdentity 元素](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/cloudtrail-event-reference-user-identity.html)。
## 檢視事件歷史記錄中的 Route 53 事件
CloudTrail 可讓您使用 **Event history (事件歷史記錄)** 檢視最近的事件。若要檢視 Route 53 API 請求的事件，您必須在主控台上方的區域選擇器中選擇**美國東部 (維吉尼亞北部))**。如需詳細資訊，請參閱 *AWS CloudTrail 使用者指南*中的 [使用 CloudTrail 事件歷史記錄檢視事件](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/view-cloudtrail-events.html)。
## 了解 Route 53 日誌檔案項目
追蹤是一種組態，能讓事件以日誌檔案的形式交付到您指定的 Amazon S3 儲存貯體。CloudTrail 日誌檔案包含一或多個日誌專案。一個事件為任何來源提出的單一請求，並包含請求動作、請求的日期和時間、請求參數等資訊。CloudTrail 日誌檔案並非依公有 API 呼叫追蹤記錄的堆疊排序，因此不會以任何特定順序出現。
`eventName` 元素會識別發生的動作。(在 CloudTrail 日誌中，第一個字母是小寫的網域註冊動作，即使在動作名稱中是大寫。例如，`UpdateDomainContact` 在日誌中顯示為 `updateDomainContact`)。CloudTrail 支援所有 Route 53 API 動作。以下範例顯示的是展示如下動作的 CloudTrail 日誌項目：
+ 列出與 AWS 帳戶相關聯的託管區域
+ 建立運作狀態檢查
+ 建立 2 筆記錄
+ 刪除託管區域
+ 更新已註冊網域的資訊
+ 建立 Route 53 VPC Resolver 傳出端點
```
{
"Records": [
{
"apiVersion": "2013-04-01",
"awsRegion": "us-east-1",
"eventID": "1cdbea14-e162-43bb-8853-f9f86d4739ca",
"eventName": "ListHostedZones",
"eventSource": "route53.amazonaws.com",
"eventTime": "2015-01-16T00:41:48Z",
"eventType": "AwsApiCall",
"eventVersion": "1.02",
"recipientAccountId": "444455556666",
"requestID": "741e0df7-9d18-11e4-b752-f9c6311f3510",
"requestParameters": null,
"responseElements": null,
"sourceIPAddress": "192.0.2.92",
"userAgent": "Apache-HttpClient/4.3 (java 1.5)",
"userIdentity": {
"accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
"accountId": "111122223333",
"arn": "arn:aws:iam::111122223333:user/smithj",
"principalId": "A1B2C3D4E5F6G7EXAMPLE",
"type": "IAMUser",
"userName": "smithj"
}
},
{
"apiVersion": "2013-04-01",
"awsRegion": "us-east-1",
"eventID": "45ec906a-1325-4f61-b133-3ef1012b0cbc",
"eventName": "CreateHealthCheck",
"eventSource": "route53.amazonaws.com",
"eventTime": "2018-01-16T00:41:57Z",
"eventType": "AwsApiCall",
"eventVersion": "1.02",
"recipientAccountId": "444455556666",
"requestID": "79915168-9d18-11e4-b752-f9c6311f3510",
"requestParameters": {
"callerReference": "2014-05-06 64832",
"healthCheckConfig": {
"iPAddress": "192.0.2.249",
"port": 80,
"type": "TCP"
}
},
"responseElements": {
"healthCheck": {
"callerReference": "2014-05-06 64847",
"healthCheckConfig": {
"failureThreshold": 3,
"iPAddress": "192.0.2.249",
"port": 80,
"requestInterval": 30,
"type": "TCP"
},
"healthCheckVersion": 1,
"id": "b3c9cbc6-cd18-43bc-93f8-9e557example"
},
"location": "https://route53.amazonaws.com/2013-04-01/healthcheck/b3c9cbc6-cd18-43bc-93f8-9e557example"
},
"sourceIPAddress": "192.0.2.92",
"userAgent": "Apache-HttpClient/4.3 (java 1.5)",
"userIdentity": {
"accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
"accountId": "111122223333",
"arn": "arn:aws:iam::111122223333:user/smithj",
"principalId": "A1B2C3D4E5F6G7EXAMPLE",
"type": "IAMUser",
"userName": "smithj"
}
},
{
"additionalEventData": {
"Note": "Do not use to reconstruct hosted zone"
},
"apiVersion": "2013-04-01",
"awsRegion": "us-east-1",
"eventID": "883b14d9-2f84-4005-8bc5-c7bf0cebc116",
"eventName": "ChangeResourceRecordSets",
"eventSource": "route53.amazonaws.com",
"eventTime": "2018-01-16T00:41:43Z",
"eventType": "AwsApiCall",
"eventVersion": "1.02",
"recipientAccountId": "444455556666",
"requestID": "7081d4c6-9d18-11e4-b752-f9c6311f3510",
"requestParameters": {
"changeBatch": {
"changes": [
{
"action": "CREATE",
"resourceRecordSet": {
"name": "prod.example.com.",
"resourceRecords": [
{
"value": "192.0.1.1"
},
{
"value": "192.0.1.2"
},
{
"value": "192.0.1.3"
},
{
"value": "192.0.1.4"
}
],
"tTL": 300,
"type": "A"
}
},
{
"action": "CREATE",
"resourceRecordSet": {
"name": "test.example.com.",
"resourceRecords": [
{
"value": "192.0.1.1"
},
{
"value": "192.0.1.2"
},
{
"value": "192.0.1.3"
},
{
"value": "192.0.1.4"
}
],
"tTL": 300,
"type": "A"
}
}
],
"comment": "Adding subdomains"
},
"hostedZoneId": "Z1PA6795UKMFR9"
},
"responseElements": {
"changeInfo": {
"comment": "Adding subdomains",
"id": "/change/C156SRE0X2ZB10",
"status": "PENDING",
"submittedAt": "Jan 16, 2018 12:41:43 AM"
}
},
"sourceIPAddress": "192.0.2.92",
"userAgent": "Apache-HttpClient/4.3 (java 1.5)",
"userIdentity": {
"accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
"accountId": "111122223333",
"arn": "arn:aws:iam::111122223333:user/smithj",
"principalId": "A1B2C3D4E5F6G7EXAMPLE",
"type": "IAMUser",
"userName": "smithj"
}
},
{
"apiVersion": "2013-04-01",
"awsRegion": "us-east-1",
"eventID": "0cb87544-ebee-40a9-9812-e9dda1962cb2",
"eventName": "DeleteHostedZone",
"eventSource": "route53.amazonaws.com",
"eventTime": "2018-01-16T00:41:37Z",
"eventType": "AwsApiCall",
"eventVersion": "1.02",
"recipientAccountId": "444455556666",
"requestID": "6d5d149f-9d18-11e4-b752-f9c6311f3510",
"requestParameters": {
"id": "Z1PA6795UKMFR9"
},
"responseElements": {
"changeInfo": {
"id": "/change/C1SIJYUYIKVJWP",
"status": "PENDING",
"submittedAt": "Jan 16, 2018 12:41:36 AM"
}
},
"sourceIPAddress": "192.0.2.92",
"userAgent": "Apache-HttpClient/4.3 (java 1.5)",
"userIdentity": {
"accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
"accountId": "111122223333",
"arn": "arn:aws:iam::111122223333:user/smithj",
"principalId": "A1B2C3D4E5F6G7EXAMPLE",
"type": "IAMUser",
"userName": "smithj"
}
},
{
"eventVersion": "1.05",
"userIdentity": {
"type": "IAMUser",
"principalId": "A1B2C3D4E5F6G7EXAMPLE",
"arn": "arn:aws:iam::111122223333:user/smithj",
"accountId": "111122223333",
"accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
"userName": "smithj",
"sessionContext": {
"attributes": {
"mfaAuthenticated": "false",
"creationDate": "2018-11-01T19:43:59Z"
}
},
"invokedBy": "test"
},
"eventTime": "2018-11-01T19:49:36Z",
"eventSource": "route53domains.amazonaws.com",
"eventName": "updateDomainContact",
"awsRegion": "us-west-2",
"sourceIPAddress": "192.0.2.92",
"userAgent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.12; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/52.0",
"requestParameters": {
"domainName": {
"name": "example.com"
}
},
"responseElements": {
"requestId": "034e222b-a3d5-4bec-8ff9-35877ff02187"
},
"additionalEventData": "Personally-identifying contact information is not logged in the request",
"requestID": "015b7313-bf3d-11e7-af12-cf75409087f6",
"eventID": "f34f3338-aaf4-446f-bf0e-f72323bac94d",
"eventType": "AwsApiCall",
"recipientAccountId": "444455556666"
},
{
"eventVersion": "1.05",
"userIdentity": {
"type": "IAMUser",
"principalId": "A1B2C3D4E5F6G7EXAMPLE",
"arn": "arn:aws:iam::111122223333:user/smithj",
"accountId": "111122223333",
"accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
"sessionContext": {
"attributes": {
"mfaAuthenticated": "false",
"creationDate": "2018-11-01T14:33:09Z"
},
"sessionIssuer": {
"type": "Role",
"principalId": "AROAIUZEZLWWZOEXAMPLE",
"arn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/Admin",
"accountId": "123456789012",
"userName": "Admin"
}
}
},
"eventTime": "2018-11-01T14:37:19Z",
"eventSource": "route53resolver.amazonaws.com",
"eventName": "CreateResolverEndpoint",
"awsRegion": "us-west-2",
"sourceIPAddress": "192.0.2.176",
"userAgent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.12; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/52.0",
"requestParameters": {
"creatorRequestId": "123456789012",
"name": "OutboundEndpointDemo",
"securityGroupIds": [
"sg-05618b249example"
],
"direction": "OUTBOUND",
"ipAddresses": [
{
"subnetId": "subnet-01cb0c4676example"
},
{
"subnetId": "subnet-0534819b32example"
}
],
"tags": []
},
"responseElements": {
"resolverEndpoint": {
"id": "rslvr-out-1f4031f1f5example",
"creatorRequestId": "123456789012",
"arn": "arn:aws:route53resolver:us-west-2:123456789012:resolver-endpoint/rslvr-out-1f4031f1f5example",
"name": "OutboundEndpointDemo",
"securityGroupIds": [
"sg-05618b249example"
],
"direction": "OUTBOUND",
"ipAddressCount": 2,
"hostVPCId": "vpc-0de29124example",
"status": "CREATING",
"statusMessage": "[Trace id: 1-5bd1d51e-f2f3032eb75649f71example] Creating the Resolver Endpoint",
"creationTime": "2018-11-01T14:37:19.045Z",
"modificationTime": "2018-11-01T14:37:19.045Z"
}
},
"requestID": "3f066d98-773f-4628-9cba-4ba6eexample",
"eventID": "cb05b4f9-9411-4507-813b-33cb0example",
"eventType": "AwsApiCall",
"recipientAccountId": "123456789012"
}
]
}
```