本文為英文版的機器翻譯版本，如內容有任何歧義或不一致之處，概以英文版為準。

# 在 中測試自訂勾點 AWS 帳戶
<a name="testing-hooks"></a>

現在您已將對應至調用點的處理常式函數編碼，是時候在 CloudFormation 堆疊上測試自訂掛接了。

`FAIL` 如果 CloudFormation 範本未佈建具有下列項目的 S3 儲存貯體，則勾點失敗模式會設為 ：
+ Amazon S3 儲存貯體加密已設定。
+ 已啟用儲存貯體的 Amazon S3 儲存貯體金鑰。
+ Amazon S3 儲存貯體的加密演算法集是所需的正確演算法。
+  AWS Key Management Service 金鑰 ID 已設定。

在下列範例中，建立名為 `my-failed-bucket-stack.yml` 且堆疊名稱為 的範本`my-hook-stack`，該範本會讓堆疊組態失敗，並在資源佈建之前停止。

## 透過佈建堆疊來測試勾點
<a name="testing-hooks-provision-stack"></a>

### 範例 1：佈建堆疊
<a name="provision-a-stack-example-1"></a>

**佈建不合規的堆疊**

1. 撰寫指定 S3 儲存貯體的範本。例如 `my-failed-bucket-stack.yml`。

   ```
   AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
   Resources:
     S3Bucket:
       Type: AWS::S3::Bucket
       Properties: {}
   ```

1. 建立堆疊，並在 AWS Command Line Interface () 中指定您的範本AWS CLI。在下列範例中，將堆疊名稱指定為 ，`my-hook-stack`並將範本名稱指定為 `my-failed-bucket-stack.yml`。

   ```
   $ aws cloudformation create-stack \
     --stack-name my-hook-stack \
     --template-body file://my-failed-bucket-stack.yml
   ```

1. （選用） 透過指定堆疊名稱來檢視堆疊進度。在下列範例中，指定堆疊名稱 `my-hook-stack`。

   ```
   $ aws cloudformation describe-stack-events \
     --stack-name my-hook-stack
   ```

   使用 `describe-stack-events`操作來查看建立儲存貯體時的勾點失敗。以下是 命令的範例輸出。

   ```
   {
       "StackEvents": [
       ...
           {
               "StackId": "arn:aws:cloudformation:us-west-2:123456789012:stack/my-hook-stack/2c693970-f57e-11eb-a0fb-061a2a83f0b9",
               "EventId": "S3Bucket-CREATE_FAILED-2021-08-04T23:47:03.305Z",
               "StackName": "my-hook-stack",
               "LogicalResourceId": "S3Bucket",
               "PhysicalResourceId": "",
               "ResourceType": "AWS::S3::Bucket",
               "Timestamp": "2021-08-04T23:47:03.305000+00:00",
               "ResourceStatus": "CREATE_FAILED",
               "ResourceStatusReason": "The following hook(s) failed: [MyCompany::Testing::MyTestHook]",
               "ResourceProperties": "{}",
               "ClientRequestToken": "Console-CreateStack-abe71ac2-ade4-a762-0499-8d34d91d6a92"
           },
       ...
       ]
   }
   ```

   *結果*：Hook 調用使堆疊組態失敗，並停止資源佈建。

**使用 CloudFormation 範本傳遞勾點驗證**

1. 若要建立堆疊並通過勾點驗證，請更新範本，讓您的資源使用加密的 S3 儲存貯體。此範例使用 範本 `my-encrypted-bucket-stack.yml`。

   ```
   AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
   Description: |
     This CloudFormation template provisions an encrypted S3 Bucket
   Resources:
     EncryptedS3Bucket:
       Type: AWS::S3::Bucket
       Properties:
         BucketName: !Sub encryptedbucket-${AWS::Region}-${AWS::AccountId}
         BucketEncryption:
           ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration:
             - ServerSideEncryptionByDefault:
                 SSEAlgorithm: 'aws:kms'
                 KMSMasterKeyID: !Ref EncryptionKey
               BucketKeyEnabled: true
     EncryptionKey:
       Type: AWS::KMS::Key
       DeletionPolicy: Retain
       Properties:
         Description: KMS key used to encrypt the resource type artifacts
         EnableKeyRotation: true
         KeyPolicy:
           Version: 2012-10-17
           Statement:
             - Sid: Enable full access for owning account
               Effect: Allow
               Principal:
                 AWS: !Ref AWS::AccountId
               Action: 'kms:*'
               Resource: '*'
   Outputs:
     EncryptedBucketName:
       Value: !Ref EncryptedS3Bucket
   ```
**注意**  
不會針對略過的資源叫用勾點。

1. 建立堆疊並指定您的範本。在此範例中，堆疊名稱為 `my-encrypted-bucket-stack`。

   ```
   $ aws cloudformation create-stack \
     --stack-name my-encrypted-bucket-stack \
     --template-body file://my-encrypted-bucket-stack.yml \
   ```

1. （選用） 透過指定堆疊名稱來檢視堆疊進度。

   ```
   $ aws cloudformation describe-stack-events \
     --stack-name my-encrypted-bucket-stack
   ```

   使用 `describe-stack-events`命令來檢視回應。以下是 `describe-stack-events` 命令的範例。

   ```
   {
       "StackEvents": [
       ...
           {
               "StackId": "arn:aws:cloudformation:us-west-2:123456789012:stack/my-encrypted-bucket-stack/82a97150-f57a-11eb-8eb2-06a6bdcc7779",
               "EventId": "EncryptedS3Bucket-CREATE_COMPLETE-2021-08-04T23:23:20.973Z",
               "StackName": "my-encrypted-bucket-stack",
               "LogicalResourceId": "EncryptedS3Bucket",
               "PhysicalResourceId": "encryptedbucket-us-west-2-123456789012",
               "ResourceType": "AWS::S3::Bucket",
               "Timestamp": "2021-08-04T23:23:20.973000+00:00",
               "ResourceStatus": "CREATE_COMPLETE",
               "ResourceProperties": "{\"BucketName\":\"encryptedbucket-us-west-2-123456789012\",\"BucketEncryption\":{\"ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration\":[{\"BucketKeyEnabled\":\"true\",\"ServerSideEncryptionByDefault\":{\"SSEAlgorithm\":\"aws:kms\",\"KMSMasterKeyID\":\"ENCRYPTION_KEY_ARN\"}}]}}",
               "ClientRequestToken": "Console-CreateStack-39df35ac-ca00-b7f6-5661-4e917478d075"
           },
           {
               "StackId": "arn:aws:cloudformation:us-west-2:123456789012:stack/my-encrypted-bucket-stack/82a97150-f57a-11eb-8eb2-06a6bdcc7779",
               "EventId": "EncryptedS3Bucket-CREATE_IN_PROGRESS-2021-08-04T23:22:59.410Z",
               "StackName": "my-encrypted-bucket-stack",
               "LogicalResourceId": "EncryptedS3Bucket",
               "PhysicalResourceId": "encryptedbucket-us-west-2-123456789012",
               "ResourceType": "AWS::S3::Bucket",
               "Timestamp": "2021-08-04T23:22:59.410000+00:00",
               "ResourceStatus": "CREATE_IN_PROGRESS",
               "ResourceStatusReason": "Resource creation Initiated",
               "ResourceProperties": "{\"BucketName\":\"encryptedbucket-us-west-2-123456789012\",\"BucketEncryption\":{\"ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration\":[{\"BucketKeyEnabled\":\"true\",\"ServerSideEncryptionByDefault\":{\"SSEAlgorithm\":\"aws:kms\",\"KMSMasterKeyID\":\"ENCRYPTION_KEY_ARN\"}}]}}",
               "ClientRequestToken": "Console-CreateStack-39df35ac-ca00-b7f6-5661-4e917478d075"
           },
           {
               "StackId": "arn:aws:cloudformation:us-west-2:123456789012:stack/my-encrypted-bucket-stack/82a97150-f57a-11eb-8eb2-06a6bdcc7779",
               "EventId": "EncryptedS3Bucket-6516081f-c1f2-4bfe-a0f0-cefa28679994",
               "StackName": "my-encrypted-bucket-stack",
               "LogicalResourceId": "EncryptedS3Bucket",
               "PhysicalResourceId": "",
               "ResourceType": "AWS::S3::Bucket",
               "Timestamp": "2021-08-04T23:22:58.349000+00:00",
               "ResourceStatus": "CREATE_IN_PROGRESS",
               "ResourceStatusReason": "Hook invocations complete.  Resource creation initiated",
               "ClientRequestToken": "Console-CreateStack-39df35ac-ca00-b7f6-5661-4e917478d075"
           },
       ...
       ]
   }
   ```

   *結果*：CloudFormation 已成功建立堆疊。Hook 的邏輯驗證`AWS::S3::Bucket`資源在佈建資源之前包含伺服器端加密。

### 範例 2：佈建堆疊
<a name="provision-a-stack-example-2"></a>

**佈建不合規的堆疊**

1. 撰寫指定 S3 儲存貯體的範本。例如 `aes256-bucket.yml`。

   ```
   AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
   Description: |
     This CloudFormation template provisions an encrypted S3 Bucket
   Resources:
     EncryptedS3Bucket:
       Type: AWS::S3::Bucket
       Properties:
         BucketName: !Sub encryptedbucket-${AWS::Region}-${AWS::AccountId}
         BucketEncryption:
           ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration:
             - ServerSideEncryptionByDefault:
                 SSEAlgorithm: AES256
               BucketKeyEnabled: true
   Outputs:
     EncryptedBucketName:
       Value: !Ref EncryptedS3Bucket
   ```

1. 建立堆疊，並在 中指定您的範本 AWS CLI。在下列範例中，將堆疊名稱指定為 ，`my-hook-stack`並將範本名稱指定為 `aes256-bucket.yml`。

   ```
   $ aws cloudformation create-stack \
     --stack-name my-hook-stack \
     --template-body file://aes256-bucket.yml
   ```

1. （選用） 透過指定堆疊名稱來檢視堆疊進度。在下列範例中，指定堆疊名稱 `my-hook-stack`。

   ```
   $ aws cloudformation describe-stack-events \
     --stack-name my-hook-stack
   ```

   使用 `describe-stack-events`操作來查看建立儲存貯體時的勾點失敗。以下是 命令的範例輸出。

   ```
   {
       "StackEvents": [
       ...
           {
               "StackId": "arn:aws:cloudformation:us-west-2:123456789012:stack/my-hook-stack/2c693970-f57e-11eb-a0fb-061a2a83f0b9",
               "EventId": "S3Bucket-CREATE_FAILED-2021-08-04T23:47:03.305Z",
               "StackName": "my-hook-stack",
               "LogicalResourceId": "S3Bucket",
               "PhysicalResourceId": "",
               "ResourceType": "AWS::S3::Bucket",
               "Timestamp": "2021-08-04T23:47:03.305000+00:00",
               "ResourceStatus": "CREATE_FAILED",
               "ResourceStatusReason": "The following hook(s) failed: [MyCompany::Testing::MyTestHook]",
               "ResourceProperties": "{}",
               "ClientRequestToken": "Console-CreateStack-abe71ac2-ade4-a762-0499-8d34d91d6a92"
           },
       ...
       ]
   }
   ```

   *結果*：Hook 調用使堆疊組態失敗，並停止資源佈建。由於 S3 儲存貯體加密設定不正確，堆疊失敗。此儲存貯體使用 `aws:kms`時，需要勾點類型組態`AES256`。

**使用 CloudFormation 範本傳遞勾點驗證**

1. 若要建立堆疊並通過勾點驗證，請更新範本，讓您的資源使用加密的 S3 儲存貯體。此範例使用 範本 `kms-bucket-and-queue.yml`。

   ```
   AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09
   Description: |
     This CloudFormation template provisions an encrypted S3 Bucket
   Resources:
     EncryptedS3Bucket:
       Type: AWS::S3::Bucket
       Properties:
         BucketName: !Sub encryptedbucket-${AWS::Region}-${AWS::AccountId}
         BucketEncryption:
           ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration:
             - ServerSideEncryptionByDefault:
                 SSEAlgorithm: 'aws:kms'
                 KMSMasterKeyID: !Ref EncryptionKey
               BucketKeyEnabled: true
     EncryptedQueue:
       Type: AWS::SQS::Queue
       Properties:
         QueueName: !Sub encryptedqueue-${AWS::Region}-${AWS::AccountId}
         KmsMasterKeyId: !Ref EncryptionKey
     EncryptionKey:
       Type: AWS::KMS::Key
       DeletionPolicy: Retain
       Properties:
         Description: KMS key used to encrypt the resource type artifacts
         EnableKeyRotation: true
         KeyPolicy:
           Version: 2012-10-17
           Statement:
             - Sid: Enable full access for owning account
               Effect: Allow
               Principal:
                 AWS: !Ref AWS::AccountId
               Action: 'kms:*'
               Resource: '*'
   Outputs:
     EncryptedBucketName:
       Value: !Ref EncryptedS3Bucket
     EncryptedQueueName:
       Value: !Ref EncryptedQueue
   ```
**注意**  
不會針對略過的資源叫用勾點。

1. 建立堆疊並指定您的範本。在此範例中，堆疊名稱為 `my-encrypted-bucket-stack`。

   ```
   $ aws cloudformation create-stack \
     --stack-name my-encrypted-bucket-stack \
     --template-body file://kms-bucket-and-queue.yml
   ```

1. （選用） 透過指定堆疊名稱來檢視堆疊進度。

   ```
   $ aws cloudformation describe-stack-events \
     --stack-name my-encrypted-bucket-stack
   ```

   使用 `describe-stack-events`命令來檢視回應。以下是 `describe-stack-events` 命令的範例。

   ```
   {
       "StackEvents": [
       ...
           {
               "StackId": "arn:aws:cloudformation:us-west-2:123456789012:stack/my-encrypted-bucket-stack/82a97150-f57a-11eb-8eb2-06a6bdcc7779",
               "EventId": "EncryptedS3Bucket-CREATE_COMPLETE-2021-08-04T23:23:20.973Z",
               "StackName": "my-encrypted-bucket-stack",
               "LogicalResourceId": "EncryptedS3Bucket",
               "PhysicalResourceId": "encryptedbucket-us-west-2-123456789012",
               "ResourceType": "AWS::S3::Bucket",
               "Timestamp": "2021-08-04T23:23:20.973000+00:00",
               "ResourceStatus": "CREATE_COMPLETE",
               "ResourceProperties": "{\"BucketName\":\"encryptedbucket-us-west-2-123456789012\",\"BucketEncryption\":{\"ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration\":[{\"BucketKeyEnabled\":\"true\",\"ServerSideEncryptionByDefault\":{\"SSEAlgorithm\":\"aws:kms\",\"KMSMasterKeyID\":\"ENCRYPTION_KEY_ARN\"}}]}}",
               "ClientRequestToken": "Console-CreateStack-39df35ac-ca00-b7f6-5661-4e917478d075"
           },
           {
               "StackId": "arn:aws:cloudformation:us-west-2:123456789012:stack/my-encrypted-bucket-stack/82a97150-f57a-11eb-8eb2-06a6bdcc7779",
               "EventId": "EncryptedS3Bucket-CREATE_IN_PROGRESS-2021-08-04T23:22:59.410Z",
               "StackName": "my-encrypted-bucket-stack",
               "LogicalResourceId": "EncryptedS3Bucket",
               "PhysicalResourceId": "encryptedbucket-us-west-2-123456789012",
               "ResourceType": "AWS::S3::Bucket",
               "Timestamp": "2021-08-04T23:22:59.410000+00:00",
               "ResourceStatus": "CREATE_IN_PROGRESS",
               "ResourceStatusReason": "Resource creation Initiated",
               "ResourceProperties": "{\"BucketName\":\"encryptedbucket-us-west-2-123456789012\",\"BucketEncryption\":{\"ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration\":[{\"BucketKeyEnabled\":\"true\",\"ServerSideEncryptionByDefault\":{\"SSEAlgorithm\":\"aws:kms\",\"KMSMasterKeyID\":\"ENCRYPTION_KEY_ARN\"}}]}}",
               "ClientRequestToken": "Console-CreateStack-39df35ac-ca00-b7f6-5661-4e917478d075"
           },
           {
               "StackId": "arn:aws:cloudformation:us-west-2:123456789012:stack/my-encrypted-bucket-stack/82a97150-f57a-11eb-8eb2-06a6bdcc7779",
               "EventId": "EncryptedS3Bucket-6516081f-c1f2-4bfe-a0f0-cefa28679994",
               "StackName": "my-encrypted-bucket-stack",
               "LogicalResourceId": "EncryptedS3Bucket",
               "PhysicalResourceId": "",
               "ResourceType": "AWS::S3::Bucket",
               "Timestamp": "2021-08-04T23:22:58.349000+00:00",
               "ResourceStatus": "CREATE_IN_PROGRESS",
               "ResourceStatusReason": "Hook invocations complete.  Resource creation initiated",
               "ClientRequestToken": "Console-CreateStack-39df35ac-ca00-b7f6-5661-4e917478d075"
           },
       ...
       ]
   }
   ```

   *結果*：CloudFormation 已成功建立堆疊。Hook 的邏輯驗證`AWS::S3::Bucket`資源在佈建資源之前包含伺服器端加密。