了解 ACM 與 a AWS SDK 的基本概念

建立包裝 ACM 操作的類別。

import logging
from pprint import pprint

import boto3
from botocore.exceptions import ClientError

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class AcmCertificate:
    """
    Encapsulates ACM functions.
    """

    def __init__(self, acm_client):
        """
        :param acm_client: A Boto3 ACM client.
        """
        self.acm_client = acm_client


    def request_validation(
        self, domain, alternate_domains, method, validation_domains=None
    ):
        """
        Starts a validation request that results in a new certificate being issued
        by ACM. DNS validation requires that you add CNAME records to your DNS
        provider. Email validation sends email to a list of email addresses that
        are associated with the domain.

        For more information, see _Issuing and managing certificates_ in the ACM
        user guide.
            https://docs.aws.amazon.com/acm/latest/userguide/gs.html

        :param domain: The primary domain to associate with the certificate.
        :param alternate_domains: Subject Alternate Names (SANs) for the certificate.
        :param method: The validation method, either DNS or EMAIL.
        :param validation_domains: Alternate domains to use for email validation, when
                                   the email domain differs from the primary domain of
                                   the certificate.
        :return: The ARN of the requested certificate.
        """
        try:
            kwargs = {
                "DomainName": domain,
                "ValidationMethod": method,
                "SubjectAlternativeNames": alternate_domains,
            }
            if validation_domains is not None:
                kwargs["DomainValidationOptions"] = [
                    {"DomainName": key, "ValidationDomain": value}
                    for key, value in validation_domains.items()
                ]
            response = self.acm_client.request_certificate(**kwargs)
            certificate_arn = response["CertificateArn"]
            logger.info(
                "Requested %s validation for domain %s. Certificate ARN is %s.",
                method,
                domain,
                certificate_arn,
            )
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception(
                "Request for %s validation of domain %s failed.", method, domain
            )
            raise
        else:
            return certificate_arn


    def import_certificate(self, certificate_body, private_key):
        """
        Imports a self-signed certificate to ACM.

        :param certificate_body: The body of the certificate, in PEM format.
        :param private_key: The unencrypted private key of the certificate, in PEM
                            format.
        :return: The ARN of the imported certificate.
        """
        try:
            response = self.acm_client.import_certificate(
                Certificate=certificate_body, PrivateKey=private_key
            )
            certificate_arn = response["CertificateArn"]
            logger.info("Imported certificate.")
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception("Couldn't import certificate.")
            raise
        else:
            return certificate_arn


    def list(
        self,
        max_items,
        statuses=None,
        key_usage=None,
        extended_key_usage=None,
        key_types=None,
    ):
        """
        Lists the certificates for the current account.

        :param max_items: The maximum number of certificates to list.
        :param statuses: Filters the results to the specified statuses. If None, all
                         certificates are included.
        :param key_usage: Filters the results to the specified key usages. If None,
                          all key usages are included.
        :param extended_key_usage: Filters the results to the specified extended key
                                   usages. If None, all extended key usages are
                                   included.
        :param key_types: Filters the results to the specified key types. If None, all
                          key types are included.
        :return: The list of certificates.
        """
        try:
            kwargs = {"MaxItems": max_items}
            if statuses is not None:
                kwargs["CertificateStatuses"] = statuses
            includes = {}
            if key_usage is not None:
                includes["keyUsage"] = key_usage
            if extended_key_usage is not None:
                includes["extendedKeyUsage"] = extended_key_usage
            if key_types is not None:
                includes["keyTypes"] = key_types
            if includes:
                kwargs["Includes"] = includes
            response = self.acm_client.list_certificates(**kwargs)
            certificates = response["CertificateSummaryList"]
            logger.info("Got %s certificates.", len(certificates))
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception("Couldn't get certificates.")
            raise
        else:
            return certificates


    def describe(self, certificate_arn):
        """
        Gets certificate metadata.

        :param certificate_arn: The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the certificate.
        :return: Metadata about the certificate.
        """
        try:
            response = self.acm_client.describe_certificate(
                CertificateArn=certificate_arn
            )
            certificate = response["Certificate"]
            logger.info(
                "Got metadata for certificate for domain %s.", certificate["DomainName"]
            )
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception("Couldn't get data for certificate %s.", certificate_arn)
            raise
        else:
            return certificate


    def get(self, certificate_arn):
        """
        Gets the body and certificate chain of a certificate.

        :param certificate_arn: The ARN of the certificate.
        :return: The body and chain of a certificate.
        """
        try:
            response = self.acm_client.get_certificate(CertificateArn=certificate_arn)
            logger.info("Got certificate %s and its chain.", certificate_arn)
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception("Couldn't get certificate %s.", certificate_arn)
            raise
        else:
            return response


    def add_tags(self, certificate_arn, tags):
        """
        Adds tags to a certificate. Tags are key-value pairs that contain custom
        metadata.

        :param certificate_arn: The ARN of the certificate.
        :param tags: A dictionary of key-value tags to add to the certificate.
        """
        try:
            self.acm_client.add_tags_to_certificate(
                CertificateArn=certificate_arn,
                Tags=[{"Key": key, "Value": value} for key, value in tags.items()],
            )
            logger.info("Added %s tags to certificate %s.", len(tags), certificate_arn)
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception("Couldn't add tags to certificate %s.", certificate_arn)
            raise


    def list_tags(self, certificate_arn):
        """
        Lists the tags attached to a certificate.

        :param certificate_arn: The ARN of the certificate.
        :return: The dictionary of certificate tags.
        """
        try:
            response = self.acm_client.list_tags_for_certificate(
                CertificateArn=certificate_arn
            )
            tags = {tag["Key"]: tag["Value"] for tag in response["Tags"]}
            logger.info("Got %s tags for certificates %s.", len(tags), certificate_arn)
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception("Couldn't get tags for certificate %s.", certificate_arn)
            raise
        else:
            return tags


    def remove_tags(self, certificate_arn, tags):
        """
        Removes tags from a certificate. If the value of a tag is specified, the tag is
        removed only when the value matches the value of the certificate's tag.
        Otherwise, the tag is removed regardless of its value.

        :param certificate_arn: The ARN of the certificate.
        :param tags: The dictionary of tags to remove.
        """
        try:
            cert_tags = []
            for key, value in tags.items():
                tag = {"Key": key}
                if value is not None:
                    tag["Value"] = value
                cert_tags.append(tag)
            self.acm_client.remove_tags_from_certificate(
                CertificateArn=certificate_arn, Tags=cert_tags
            )
            logger.info(
                "Removed %s tags from certificate %s.", len(tags), certificate_arn
            )
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception(
                "Couldn't remove tags from certificate %s.", certificate_arn
            )
            raise


    def remove(self, certificate_arn):
        """
        Removes a certificate.

        :param certificate_arn: The ARN of the certificate to remove.
        """
        try:
            self.acm_client.delete_certificate(CertificateArn=certificate_arn)
            logger.info("Removed certificate %s.", certificate_arn)
        except ClientError:
            logger.exception("Couldn't remove certificate %s.", certificate_arn)
            raise

使用包裝程式類別來管理帳戶的憑證。

def usage_demo():
    print("-" * 88)
    print("Welcome to the AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) demo!")
    print("-" * 88)

    logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(levelname)s: %(message)s")

    acm_certificate = AcmCertificate(boto3.client("acm"))
    domain = "example.com"
    sub_domains = [f"{sub}.{domain}" for sub in ["test", "dev"]]
    print(f"Request a certificate for {domain}.")
    certificate_arn = acm_certificate.request_validation(domain, sub_domains, "DNS")
    print(f"Started validation, got certificate ARN: {certificate_arn}.")

    import_cert_arn = None
    cert_file_name = input(
        "Enter the file name for a self-signed certificate in PEM format. "
        "This certificate will be imported to ACM. Press Enter to skip: "
    )
    if cert_file_name:
        pk_file_name = input(
            "Enter the file name for the unencrypted private key of the certificate. "
            "This file must also be in PEM format: "
        )
        if pk_file_name:
            with open(cert_file_name, "rb") as cert_file:
                import_cert = cert_file.read()
            with open(pk_file_name, "rb") as pk_file:
                import_pk = pk_file.read()
            import_cert_arn = acm_certificate.import_certificate(import_cert, import_pk)
            print(f"Certificate imported, got ARN: {import_cert_arn}")
        else:
            print("No private key file entered. Skipping certificate import.")
    else:
        print("Skipping self-signed certificate import.")

    print("Getting the first 10 issued certificates.")
    certificates = acm_certificate.list(10, statuses=["ISSUED"])
    print(f"Found {len(certificates)} issued certificates.")

    print(f"Getting metadata for certificate {certificate_arn}")
    cert_metadata = acm_certificate.describe(certificate_arn)
    pprint(cert_metadata)

    if import_cert_arn is not None:
        print(f"Getting certificate for imported certificate {import_cert_arn}")
        import_cert_data = acm_certificate.get(import_cert_arn)
        pprint(import_cert_data)

    print(f"Adding tags to certificate {certificate_arn}.")
    acm_certificate.add_tags(certificate_arn, {"purpose": "acm demo", "color": "green"})
    tags = acm_certificate.list_tags(certificate_arn)
    print(f"Found tags: {tags}")
    acm_certificate.remove_tags(certificate_arn, {key: None for key in tags})
    print("Removed tags.")

    print("Removing certificates added during the demo.")
    acm_certificate.remove(certificate_arn)
    if import_cert_arn is not None:
        acm_certificate.remove(import_cert_arn)

    print("Thanks for watching!")
    print("-" * 88)