DescribeImages 搭配 a AWS SDK 或 CLI 使用

###############################################################################
# function ec2_describe_images
#
# This function describes one or more Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) images.
#
# Parameters:
#       -i image_ids - A space-separated  list of image IDs (optional).
#       -h - Display help.
#
# And:
#       0 - If successful.
#       1 - If it fails.
###############################################################################
function ec2_describe_images() {
  local image_ids response
  local option OPTARG # Required to use getopts command in a function.

  # bashsupport disable=BP5008
  function usage() {
    echo "function ec2_describe_images"
    echo "Describes one or more Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) images."
    echo "  -i image_ids - A space-separated list of image IDs (optional)."
    echo "  -h - Display help."
    echo ""
  }

  # Retrieve the calling parameters.
  while getopts "i:h" option; do
    case "${option}" in
      i) image_ids="${OPTARG}" ;;
      h)
        usage
        return 0
        ;;
      \?)
        echo "Invalid parameter"
        usage
        return 1
        ;;
    esac
  done
  export OPTIND=1

  local aws_cli_args=()

  if [[ -n "$image_ids" ]]; then
    # shellcheck disable=SC2206
    aws_cli_args+=("--image-ids" $image_ids)
  fi

  response=$(aws ec2 describe-images \
    "${aws_cli_args[@]}" \
    --query 'Images[*].[Description,Architecture,ImageId]' \
    --output text) || {
    aws_cli_error_log ${?}
    errecho "ERROR: AWS reports describe-images operation failed.$response"
    return 1
  }

  echo "$response"

  return 0
}

此範例中使用的公用程式函數。

###############################################################################
# function errecho
#
# This function outputs everything sent to it to STDERR (standard error output).
###############################################################################
function errecho() {
  printf "%s\n" "$*" 1>&2
}

##############################################################################
# function aws_cli_error_log()
#
# This function is used to log the error messages from the AWS CLI.
#
# The function expects the following argument:
#         $1 - The error code returned by the AWS CLI.
#
#  Returns:
#          0: - Success.
#
##############################################################################
function aws_cli_error_log() {
  local err_code=$1
  errecho "Error code : $err_code"
  if [ "$err_code" == 1 ]; then
    errecho "  One or more S3 transfers failed."
  elif [ "$err_code" == 2 ]; then
    errecho "  Command line failed to parse."
  elif [ "$err_code" == 130 ]; then
    errecho "  Process received SIGINT."
  elif [ "$err_code" == 252 ]; then
    errecho "  Command syntax invalid."
  elif [ "$err_code" == 253 ]; then
    errecho "  The system environment or configuration was invalid."
  elif [ "$err_code" == 254 ]; then
    errecho "  The service returned an error."
  elif [ "$err_code" == 255 ]; then
    errecho "  255 is a catch-all error."
  fi

  return 0
}

範例 1：描述 AMI

下列describe-images範例說明指定區域中指定的 AMI。

aws ec2 describe-images \
    --region us-east-1 \
    --image-ids ami-1234567890EXAMPLE

輸出：

{
    "Images": [
        {
            "VirtualizationType": "hvm",
            "Description": "Provided by Red Hat, Inc.",
            "PlatformDetails": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux",
            "EnaSupport": true,
            "Hypervisor": "xen",
            "State": "available",
            "SriovNetSupport": "simple",
            "ImageId": "ami-1234567890EXAMPLE",
            "UsageOperation": "RunInstances:0010",
            "BlockDeviceMappings": [
                {
                    "DeviceName": "/dev/sda1",
                    "Ebs": {
                        "SnapshotId": "snap-111222333444aaabb",
                        "DeleteOnTermination": true,
                        "VolumeType": "gp2",
                        "VolumeSize": 10,
                        "Encrypted": false
                    }
                }
            ],
            "Architecture": "x86_64",
            "ImageLocation": "123456789012/RHEL-8.0.0_HVM-20190618-x86_64-1-Hourly2-GP2",
            "RootDeviceType": "ebs",
            "OwnerId": "123456789012",
            "RootDeviceName": "/dev/sda1",
            "CreationDate": "2019-05-10T13:17:12.000Z",
            "Public": true,
            "ImageType": "machine",
            "Name": "RHEL-8.0.0_HVM-20190618-x86_64-1-Hourly2-GP2"
        }
    ]
}

如需詳細資訊，請參閱 Amazon AMI 使用者指南中的 Amazon Machine Images (Word)。 EC2

範例 2：根據篩選條件描述 AMIs

下列describe-images範例說明 Amazon 提供的 Windows AMIs，並由 Amazon EBS 提供支援。

aws ec2 describe-images \
    --owners amazon \
    --filters "Name=platform,Values=windows" "Name=root-device-type,Values=ebs"

如需 describe-images 的輸出範例，請參閱範例 1。

如需使用篩選條件的其他範例，請參閱 Amazon EC2 使用者指南中的列出和篩選資源。

範例 3：根據標籤描述 AMIs

下列describe-images範例說明具有標籤 的所有 AMIsType=Custom。此範例使用 --query 參數來僅顯示 AMI IDs。

aws ec2 describe-images \
    --filters "Name=tag:Type,Values=Custom" \
    --query 'Images[*].[ImageId]' \
    --output text

輸出：

ami-1234567890EXAMPLE
ami-0abcdef1234567890

如需使用標籤篩選條件的其他範例，請參閱 Amazon EC2 使用者指南中的使用標籤。

import { EC2Client, paginateDescribeImages } from "@aws-sdk/client-ec2";

/**
 * Describes the specified images (AMIs, AKIs, and ARIs) available to you or all of the images available to you.
 * @param {{ architecture: string, pageSize: number }} options
 */
export const main = async ({ architecture, pageSize }) => {
  pageSize = Number.parseInt(pageSize);
  const client = new EC2Client({});

  // The paginate function is a wrapper around the base command.
  const paginator = paginateDescribeImages(
    // Without limiting the page size, this call can take a long time. pageSize is just sugar for
    // the MaxResults property in the base command.
    { client, pageSize },
    {
      // There are almost 70,000 images available. Be specific with your filtering
      // to increase efficiency.
      // See https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSJavaScriptSDK/v3/latest/clients/client-ec2/interfaces/describeimagescommandinput.html#filters
      Filters: [{ Name: "architecture", Values: [architecture] }],
    },
  );

  /**
   * @type {import('@aws-sdk/client-ec2').Image[]}
   */
  const images = [];
  let recordsScanned = 0;

  try {
    for await (const page of paginator) {
      recordsScanned += pageSize;
      if (page.Images.length) {
        images.push(...page.Images);
        break;
      }
      console.log(
        `No matching image found yet. Searched ${recordsScanned} records.`,
      );
    }

    if (images.length) {
      console.log(
        `Found ${images.length} images:\n\n${images.map((image) => image.Name).join("\n")}\n`,
      );
    } else {
      console.log(
        `No matching images found. Searched ${recordsScanned} records.\n`,
      );
    }

    return images;
  } catch (caught) {
    if (caught instanceof Error && caught.name === "InvalidParameterValue") {
      console.warn(`${caught.message}`);
      return [];
    }
    throw caught;
  }
};

範例 1：此範例說明指定的 AMI。

Get-EC2Image -ImageId ami-12345678

輸出：

Architecture        : x86_64
BlockDeviceMappings : {/dev/xvda}
CreationDate        : 2014-10-20T00:56:28.000Z
Description         : My image
Hypervisor          : xen
ImageId             : ami-12345678
ImageLocation       : 123456789012/my-image
ImageOwnerAlias     :
ImageType           : machine
KernelId            :
Name                : my-image
OwnerId             : 123456789012
Platform            :
ProductCodes        : {}
Public              : False
RamdiskId           :
RootDeviceName      : /dev/xvda
RootDeviceType      : ebs
SriovNetSupport     : simple
State               : available
StateReason         :
Tags                : {Name}
VirtualizationType  : hvm

範例 2：此範例說明您擁有的 AMIs。

Get-EC2Image -owner self

範例 3：此範例說明執行 Microsoft Windows Server 的公有 AMIs。

Get-EC2Image -Filter @{ Name="platform"; Values="windows" }

範例 4：此範例描述「us-west-2」區域中的所有公有 AMIs。

Get-EC2Image -Region us-west-2

class EC2InstanceWrapper:
    """Encapsulates Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instance actions using the client interface."""

    def __init__(
        self, ec2_client: Any, instances: Optional[List[Dict[str, Any]]] = None
    ) -> None:
        """
        Initializes the EC2InstanceWrapper with an EC2 client and optional instances.

        :param ec2_client: A Boto3 Amazon EC2 client. This client provides low-level
                           access to AWS EC2 services.
        :param instances: A list of dictionaries representing Boto3 Instance objects. These are high-level objects that
                          wrap instance actions.
        """
        self.ec2_client = ec2_client
        self.instances = instances or []

    @classmethod
    def from_client(cls) -> "EC2InstanceWrapper":
        """
        Creates an EC2InstanceWrapper instance with a default EC2 client.

        :return: An instance of EC2InstanceWrapper initialized with the default EC2 client.
        """
        ec2_client = boto3.client("ec2")
        return cls(ec2_client)


    def get_images(self, image_ids: List[str]) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
        """
        Gets information about Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) from a list of AMI IDs.

        :param image_ids: The list of AMI IDs to look up.
        :return: A list of dictionaries representing the requested AMIs.
        """
        try:
            response = self.ec2_client.describe_images(ImageIds=image_ids)
            images = response["Images"]
        except ClientError as err:
            logger.error(f"Failed to stop AMI(s): {','.join(map(str, image_ids))}")
            error_code = err.response["Error"]["Code"]
            if error_code == "InvalidAMIID.NotFound":
                logger.error("One or more of the AMI IDs does not exist.")
            raise
        return images

    pub async fn list_images(&self, ids: Vec<Parameter>) -> Result<Vec<Image>, EC2Error> {
        let image_ids = ids.into_iter().filter_map(|p| p.value).collect();
        let output = self
            .client
            .describe_images()
            .set_image_ids(Some(image_ids))
            .send()
            .await?;

        let images = output.images.unwrap_or_default();
        if images.is_empty() {
            Err(EC2Error::new("No images for selected AMIs"))
        } else {
            Ok(images)
        }
    }

將 list_images 函數與 SSM 搭配使用，以根據您的環境進行限制。如需 SSM 的詳細資訊，請參閱 https://docs.aws.amazon.com/systems-manager/latest/userguide/exampleWord_ssm_GetParameters_section.html。

    async fn find_image(&mut self) -> Result<ScenarioImage, EC2Error> {
        let params: Vec<Parameter> = self
            .ssm
            .list_path("/aws/service/ami-amazon-linux-latest")
            .await
            .map_err(|e| e.add_message("Could not find parameters for available images"))?
            .into_iter()
            .filter(|param| param.name().is_some_and(|name| name.contains("amzn2")))
            .collect();
        let amzn2_images: Vec<ScenarioImage> = self
            .ec2
            .list_images(params)
            .await
            .map_err(|e| e.add_message("Could not find images"))?
            .into_iter()
            .map(ScenarioImage::from)
            .collect();
        println!("We will now create an instance from an Amazon Linux 2 AMI");
        let ami = self.util.select_scenario_image(amzn2_images)?;
        Ok(ami)
    }