使用 a AWS SDK 的完整 Amazon SES API v2 電子報工作流程

執行工作流程。

using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using Amazon.SimpleEmailV2;
using Amazon.SimpleEmailV2.Model;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug;

namespace Sesv2Scenario;

public static class NewsletterWorkflow
{
    /*
      This workflow demonstrates how to use the Amazon Simple Email Service (SES) v2 to send a coupon newsletter to a list of subscribers.
      The workflow performs the following tasks:
     
      1. Prepare the application:
         - Create a verified email identity for sending and replying to emails.
         - Create a contact list to store the subscribers' email addresses.
         - Create an email template for the coupon newsletter.
     
      2. Gather subscriber email addresses:
         - Prompt the user for a base email address.
         - Create 3 variants of the email address using subaddress extensions (e.g., user+ses-weekly-newsletter-1@example.com).
         - Add each variant as a contact to the contact list.
         - Send a welcome email to each new contact.
     
      3. Send the coupon newsletter:
         - Retrieve the list of contacts from the contact list.
         - Send the coupon newsletter using the email template to each contact.
     
      4. Monitor and review:
         - Provide instructions for the user to review the sending activity and metrics in the AWS console.
     
      5. Clean up resources:
         - Delete the contact list (which also deletes all contacts within it).
         - Delete the email template.
         - Optionally delete the verified email identity.

    */

    public static SESv2Wrapper _sesv2Wrapper;
    public static string? _baseEmailAddress = null;
    public static string? _verifiedEmail = null;
    private static string _contactListName = "weekly-coupons-newsletter";
    private static string _templateName = "weekly-coupons";
    private static string _subject = "Weekly Coupons Newsletter";
    private static string _htmlContentFile = "coupon-newsletter.html";
    private static string _textContentFile = "coupon-newsletter.txt";
    private static string _htmlWelcomeFile = "welcome.html";
    private static string _textWelcomeFile = "welcome.txt";
    private static string _couponsDataFile = "sample_coupons.json";

    // Relative location of the resources folder.
    private static string _resourcesFilePathLocation = "../../../../resources/";

    public static async Task Main(string[] args)
    {
        // Set up dependency injection for the Amazon service.
        using var host = Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
            .ConfigureLogging(logging =>
                logging.AddFilter("System", LogLevel.Debug)
                    .AddFilter<DebugLoggerProvider>("Microsoft", LogLevel.Information)
                    .AddFilter<ConsoleLoggerProvider>("Microsoft", LogLevel.Trace))
            .ConfigureServices((_, services) =>
                services.AddAWSService<IAmazonSimpleEmailServiceV2>()
                    .AddTransient<SESv2Wrapper>()
            )
            .Build();

        ServicesSetup(host);

        try
        {
            Console.WriteLine(new string('-', 80));
            Console.WriteLine(new string('-', 80));
            Console.WriteLine("Welcome to the Amazon SES v2 Coupon Newsletter Workflow.");
            Console.WriteLine("This workflow demonstrates how to use the Amazon Simple Email Service (SES) v2 " +
                              "\r\nto send a coupon newsletter to a list of subscribers.");

            // Prepare the application.
            var emailIdentity = await PrepareApplication();

            // Gather subscriber email addresses.
            await GatherSubscriberEmailAddresses(emailIdentity);

            // Send the coupon newsletter.
            await SendCouponNewsletter(emailIdentity);

            // Monitor and review.
            MonitorAndReview(true);

            // Clean up resources.
            await Cleanup(emailIdentity, true);

            Console.WriteLine(new string('-', 80));
            Console.WriteLine("Amazon SES v2 Coupon Newsletter Workflow is complete.");
            Console.WriteLine(new string('-', 80));
            Console.WriteLine(new string('-', 80));
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"An error occurred: {ex.Message}");
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Populate the services for use within the console application.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="host">The services host.</param>
    private static void ServicesSetup(IHost host)
    {
        _sesv2Wrapper = host.Services.GetRequiredService<SESv2Wrapper>();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Set up the resources for the workflow.
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>The email address of the verified identity.</returns>
    public static async Task<string?> PrepareApplication()
    {
        var htmlContent = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(_resourcesFilePathLocation + _htmlContentFile);
        var textContent = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(_resourcesFilePathLocation + _textContentFile);

        Console.WriteLine(new string('-', 80));
        Console.WriteLine("1. In this step, we will prepare the application:" +
                          "\r\n  - Create a verified email identity for sending and replying to emails." +
                          "\r\n  - Create a contact list to store the subscribers' email addresses." +
                          "\r\n  - Create an email template for the coupon newsletter.\r\n");

        // Prompt the user for a verified email address.
        while (!IsEmail(_verifiedEmail))
        {
            Console.Write("Enter a verified email address or an email to verify: ");
            _verifiedEmail = Console.ReadLine();
        }

        try
        {
            // Create an email identity and start the verification process.
            await _sesv2Wrapper.CreateEmailIdentityAsync(_verifiedEmail);
            Console.WriteLine($"Identity {_verifiedEmail} created.");
        }
        catch (AlreadyExistsException)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Identity {_verifiedEmail} already exists.");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Error creating email identity: {ex.Message}");
        }

        // Create a contact list.
        try
        {
            await _sesv2Wrapper.CreateContactListAsync(_contactListName);
            Console.WriteLine($"Contact list {_contactListName} created.");
        }
        catch (AlreadyExistsException)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Contact list {_contactListName} already exists.");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Error creating contact list: {ex.Message}");
        }

        // Create an email template.
        try
        {
            await _sesv2Wrapper.CreateEmailTemplateAsync(_templateName, _subject, htmlContent, textContent);
            Console.WriteLine($"Email template {_templateName} created.");
        }
        catch (AlreadyExistsException)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Email template {_templateName} already exists.");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Error creating email template: {ex.Message}");
        }

        return _verifiedEmail;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Generate subscriber addresses and send welcome emails.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="fromEmailAddress">The verified email address from PrepareApplication.</param>
    /// <returns>True if successful.</returns>
    public static async Task<bool> GatherSubscriberEmailAddresses(string fromEmailAddress)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(new string('-', 80));
        Console.WriteLine("2. In Step 2, we will gather subscriber email addresses:" +
                          "\r\n  - Prompt the user for a base email address." +
                          "\r\n  - Create 3 variants of the email address using subaddress extensions (e.g., user+ses-weekly-newsletter-1@example.com)." +
                          "\r\n  - Add each variant as a contact to the contact list." +
                          "\r\n  - Send a welcome email to each new contact.\r\n");

        // Prompt the user for a base email address.
        while (!IsEmail(_baseEmailAddress))
        {
            Console.Write("Enter a base email address (e.g., user@example.com): ");
            _baseEmailAddress = Console.ReadLine();
        }

        // Create 3 variants of the email address using +ses-weekly-newsletter-1, +ses-weekly-newsletter-2, etc.
        var baseEmailAddressParts = _baseEmailAddress!.Split("@");
        for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++)
        {
            string emailAddress = $"{baseEmailAddressParts[0]}+ses-weekly-newsletter-{i}@{baseEmailAddressParts[1]}";

            try
            {
                // Create a contact with the email address in the contact list.
                await _sesv2Wrapper.CreateContactAsync(emailAddress, _contactListName);
                Console.WriteLine($"Contact {emailAddress} added to the {_contactListName} contact list.");
            }
            catch (AlreadyExistsException)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"Contact {emailAddress} already exists in the {_contactListName} contact list.");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"Error creating contact {emailAddress}: {ex.Message}");
                return false;
            }

            // Send a welcome email to the new contact.
            try
            {
                string subject = "Welcome to the Weekly Coupons Newsletter";
                string htmlContent = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(_resourcesFilePathLocation + _htmlWelcomeFile);
                string textContent = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(_resourcesFilePathLocation + _textWelcomeFile);

                await _sesv2Wrapper.SendEmailAsync(fromEmailAddress, new List<string> { emailAddress }, subject, htmlContent, textContent);
                Console.WriteLine($"Welcome email sent to {emailAddress}.");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"Error sending welcome email to {emailAddress}: {ex.Message}");
                return false;
            }

            // Wait 2 seconds before sending the next email (if the account is in the SES Sandbox).
            await Task.Delay(2000);
        }

        return true;
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///  Send the coupon newsletter to the subscribers in the contact list.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="fromEmailAddress">The verified email address from PrepareApplication.</param>
    /// <returns>True if successful.</returns>
    public static async Task<bool> SendCouponNewsletter(string fromEmailAddress)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(new string('-', 80));
        Console.WriteLine("3. In this step, we will send the coupon newsletter:" +
                          "\r\n  - Retrieve the list of contacts from the contact list." +
                          "\r\n  - Send the coupon newsletter using the email template to each contact.\r\n");


        // Retrieve the list of contacts from the contact list.
        var contacts = await _sesv2Wrapper.ListContactsAsync(_contactListName);
        if (!contacts.Any())
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"No contacts found in the {_contactListName} contact list.");
            return false;
        }

        // Load the coupon data from the sample_coupons.json file.
        string couponsData = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(_resourcesFilePathLocation + _couponsDataFile);

        // Send the coupon newsletter to each contact using the email template.
        try
        {
            foreach (var contact in contacts)
            {
                // To use the Contact List for list management, send to only one address at a time.
                await _sesv2Wrapper.SendEmailAsync(fromEmailAddress,
                    new List<string> { contact.EmailAddress },
                    null, null, null, _templateName, couponsData, _contactListName);
            }

            Console.WriteLine($"Coupon newsletter sent to contact list {_contactListName}.");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Error sending coupon newsletter to contact list {_contactListName}: {ex.Message}");
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Provide instructions for monitoring sending activity and metrics.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="interactive">True to run in interactive mode.</param>
    /// <returns>True if successful.</returns>
    public static bool MonitorAndReview(bool interactive)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(new string('-', 80));
        Console.WriteLine("4. In step 4, we will monitor and review:" +
                          "\r\n  - Provide instructions for the user to review the sending activity and metrics in the AWS console.\r\n");

        Console.WriteLine("Review your sending activity using the SES Homepage in the AWS console.");
        Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to open the SES Homepage in your default browser...");
        if (interactive)
        {
            Console.ReadLine();
            try
            {
                // Open the SES Homepage in the default browser.
                Process.Start(new ProcessStartInfo
                {
                    FileName = "https://console.aws.amazon.com/ses/home",
                    UseShellExecute = true
                });
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"Error opening the SES Homepage: {ex.Message}");
                return false;
            }
        }

        Console.WriteLine("Review the sending activity and email metrics, then press Enter to continue...");
        if (interactive)
            Console.ReadLine();
        return true;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Clean up the resources used in the workflow.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="verifiedEmailAddress">The verified email address from PrepareApplication.</param>
    /// <param name="interactive">True if interactive.</param>
    /// <returns>Async task.</returns>
    public static async Task<bool> Cleanup(string verifiedEmailAddress, bool interactive)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(new string('-', 80));
        Console.WriteLine("5. Finally, we clean up resources:" +
                          "\r\n  - Delete the contact list (which also deletes all contacts within it)." +
                          "\r\n  - Delete the email template." +
                          "\r\n  - Optionally delete the verified email identity.\r\n");

        Console.WriteLine("Cleaning up resources...");

        // Delete the contact list (this also deletes all contacts in the list).
        try
        {
            await _sesv2Wrapper.DeleteContactListAsync(_contactListName);
            Console.WriteLine($"Contact list {_contactListName} deleted.");
        }
        catch (NotFoundException)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Contact list {_contactListName} not found.");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Error deleting contact list {_contactListName}: {ex.Message}");
            return false;
        }

        // Delete the email template.
        try
        {
            await _sesv2Wrapper.DeleteEmailTemplateAsync(_templateName);
            Console.WriteLine($"Email template {_templateName} deleted.");
        }
        catch (NotFoundException)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Email template {_templateName} not found.");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Error deleting email template {_templateName}: {ex.Message}");
            return false;
        }

        // Ask the user if they want to delete the email identity.
        var deleteIdentity = !interactive ||
            GetYesNoResponse(
                $"Do you want to delete the email identity {verifiedEmailAddress}? (y/n) ");
        if (deleteIdentity)
        {
            try
            {
                await _sesv2Wrapper.DeleteEmailIdentityAsync(verifiedEmailAddress);
                Console.WriteLine($"Email identity {verifiedEmailAddress} deleted.");
            }
            catch (NotFoundException)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(
                    $"Email identity {verifiedEmailAddress} not found.");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(
                    $"Error deleting email identity {verifiedEmailAddress}: {ex.Message}");
                return false;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine(
                $"Skipping deletion of email identity {verifiedEmailAddress}.");
        }

        return true;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Helper method to get a yes or no response from the user.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="question">The question string to print on the console.</param>
    /// <returns>True if the user responds with a yes.</returns>
    private static bool GetYesNoResponse(string question)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(question);
        var ynResponse = Console.ReadLine();
        var response = ynResponse != null && ynResponse.Equals("y", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);
        return response;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Simple check to verify a string is an email address.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="email">The string to verify.</param>
    /// <returns>True if a valid email.</returns>
    private static bool IsEmail(string? email)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(email))
            return false;
        return Regex.IsMatch(email, @"^[^@\s]+@[^@\s]+\.[^@\s]+$", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
    }
}

服務操作的包裝。

using System.Net;
using Amazon.SimpleEmailV2;
using Amazon.SimpleEmailV2.Model;

namespace Sesv2Scenario;

/// <summary>
/// Wrapper class for Amazon Simple Email Service (SES) v2 operations.
/// </summary>
public class SESv2Wrapper
{

    private readonly IAmazonSimpleEmailServiceV2 _sesClient;

    /// <summary>
    /// Constructor for the SESv2Wrapper.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="sesClient">The injected SES v2 client.</param>
    public SESv2Wrapper(IAmazonSimpleEmailServiceV2 sesClient)
    {
        _sesClient = sesClient;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Creates a contact and adds it to the specified contact list.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="emailAddress">The email address of the contact.</param>
    /// <param name="contactListName">The name of the contact list.</param>
    /// <returns>The response from the CreateContact operation.</returns>
    public async Task<bool> CreateContactAsync(string emailAddress, string contactListName)
    {
        var request = new CreateContactRequest
        {
            EmailAddress = emailAddress,
            ContactListName = contactListName
        };

        try
        {
            var response = await _sesClient.CreateContactAsync(request);
            return response.HttpStatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK;
        }
        catch (AlreadyExistsException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Contact with email address {emailAddress} already exists in the contact list {contactListName}.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
            return true;
        }
        catch (NotFoundException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"The contact list {contactListName} does not exist.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (TooManyRequestsException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Too many requests were made. Please try again later.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"An error occurred while creating the contact: {ex.Message}");
        }
        return false;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Creates a contact list with the specified name.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="contactListName">The name of the contact list.</param>
    /// <returns>True if successful.</returns>
    public async Task<bool> CreateContactListAsync(string contactListName)
    {
        var request = new CreateContactListRequest
        {
            ContactListName = contactListName
        };

        try
        {
            var response = await _sesClient.CreateContactListAsync(request);
            return response.HttpStatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK;
        }
        catch (AlreadyExistsException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Contact list with name {contactListName} already exists.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
            return true;
        }
        catch (LimitExceededException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("The limit for contact lists has been exceeded.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (TooManyRequestsException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Too many requests were made. Please try again later.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"An error occurred while creating the contact list: {ex.Message}");
        }
        return false;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Creates an email identity (email address or domain) and starts the verification process.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="emailIdentity">The email address or domain to create and verify.</param>
    /// <returns>The response from the CreateEmailIdentity operation.</returns>
    public async Task<CreateEmailIdentityResponse> CreateEmailIdentityAsync(string emailIdentity)
    {
        var request = new CreateEmailIdentityRequest
        {
            EmailIdentity = emailIdentity
        };

        try
        {
            var response = await _sesClient.CreateEmailIdentityAsync(request);
            return response;
        }
        catch (AlreadyExistsException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Email identity {emailIdentity} already exists.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
            throw;
        }
        catch (ConcurrentModificationException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"The email identity {emailIdentity} is being modified by another operation or thread.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
            throw;
        }
        catch (LimitExceededException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("The limit for email identities has been exceeded.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
            throw;
        }
        catch (NotFoundException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"The email identity {emailIdentity} does not exist.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
            throw;
        }
        catch (TooManyRequestsException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Too many requests were made. Please try again later.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
            throw;
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"An error occurred while creating the email identity: {ex.Message}");
            throw;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Creates an email template with the specified content.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="templateName">The name of the email template.</param>
    /// <param name="subject">The subject of the email template.</param>
    /// <param name="htmlContent">The HTML content of the email template.</param>
    /// <param name="textContent">The text content of the email template.</param>
    /// <returns>True if successful.</returns>
    public async Task<bool> CreateEmailTemplateAsync(string templateName, string subject, string htmlContent, string textContent)
    {
        var request = new CreateEmailTemplateRequest
        {
            TemplateName = templateName,
            TemplateContent = new EmailTemplateContent
            {
                Subject = subject,
                Html = htmlContent,
                Text = textContent
            }
        };

        try
        {
            var response = await _sesClient.CreateEmailTemplateAsync(request);
            return response.HttpStatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK;
        }
        catch (AlreadyExistsException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Email template with name {templateName} already exists.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (LimitExceededException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("The limit for email templates has been exceeded.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (TooManyRequestsException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Too many requests were made. Please try again later.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"An error occurred while creating the email template: {ex.Message}");
        }

        return false;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Deletes a contact list and all contacts within it.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="contactListName">The name of the contact list to delete.</param>
    /// <returns>True if successful.</returns>
    public async Task<bool> DeleteContactListAsync(string contactListName)
    {
        var request = new DeleteContactListRequest
        {
            ContactListName = contactListName
        };

        try
        {
            var response = await _sesClient.DeleteContactListAsync(request);
            return response.HttpStatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK;
        }
        catch (ConcurrentModificationException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"The contact list {contactListName} is being modified by another operation or thread.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (NotFoundException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"The contact list {contactListName} does not exist.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (TooManyRequestsException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Too many requests were made. Please try again later.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"An error occurred while deleting the contact list: {ex.Message}");
        }

        return false;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Deletes an email identity (email address or domain).
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="emailIdentity">The email address or domain to delete.</param>
    /// <returns>True if successful.</returns>
    public async Task<bool> DeleteEmailIdentityAsync(string emailIdentity)
    {
        var request = new DeleteEmailIdentityRequest
        {
            EmailIdentity = emailIdentity
        };

        try
        {
            var response = await _sesClient.DeleteEmailIdentityAsync(request);
            return response.HttpStatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK;
        }
        catch (ConcurrentModificationException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"The email identity {emailIdentity} is being modified by another operation or thread.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (NotFoundException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"The email identity {emailIdentity} does not exist.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (TooManyRequestsException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Too many requests were made. Please try again later.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"An error occurred while deleting the email identity: {ex.Message}");
        }

        return false;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Deletes an email template.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="templateName">The name of the email template to delete.</param>
    /// <returns>True if successful.</returns>
    public async Task<bool> DeleteEmailTemplateAsync(string templateName)
    {
        var request = new DeleteEmailTemplateRequest
        {
            TemplateName = templateName
        };

        try
        {
            var response = await _sesClient.DeleteEmailTemplateAsync(request);
            return response.HttpStatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK;
        }
        catch (NotFoundException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"The email template {templateName} does not exist.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (TooManyRequestsException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Too many requests were made. Please try again later.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"An error occurred while deleting the email template: {ex.Message}");
        }

        return false;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Lists the contacts in the specified contact list.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="contactListName">The name of the contact list.</param>
    /// <returns>The list of contacts response from the ListContacts operation.</returns>
    public async Task<List<Contact>> ListContactsAsync(string contactListName)
    {
        var request = new ListContactsRequest
        {
            ContactListName = contactListName
        };

        try
        {
            var response = await _sesClient.ListContactsAsync(request);
            return response.Contacts;
        }
        catch (NotFoundException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"The contact list {contactListName} does not exist.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (TooManyRequestsException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Too many requests were made. Please try again later.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"An error occurred while listing the contacts: {ex.Message}");
        }

        return new List<Contact>();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Sends an email with the specified content and options.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="fromEmailAddress">The email address to send the email from.</param>
    /// <param name="toEmailAddresses">The email addresses to send the email to.</param>
    /// <param name="subject">The subject of the email.</param>
    /// <param name="htmlContent">The HTML content of the email.</param>
    /// <param name="textContent">The text content of the email.</param>
    /// <param name="templateName">The name of the email template to use (optional).</param>
    /// <param name="templateData">The data to replace placeholders in the email template (optional).</param>
    /// <param name="contactListName">The name of the contact list for unsubscribe functionality (optional).</param>
    /// <returns>The MessageId response from the SendEmail operation.</returns>
    public async Task<string> SendEmailAsync(string fromEmailAddress, List<string> toEmailAddresses, string? subject,
        string? htmlContent, string? textContent, string? templateName = null, string? templateData = null, string? contactListName = null)
    {
        var request = new SendEmailRequest
        {
            FromEmailAddress = fromEmailAddress
        };

        if (toEmailAddresses.Any())
        {
            request.Destination = new Destination { ToAddresses = toEmailAddresses };
        }

        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(templateName))
        {
            request.Content = new EmailContent()
            {
                Template = new Template
                {
                    TemplateName = templateName,
                    TemplateData = templateData
                }
            };
        }
        else
        {
            request.Content = new EmailContent
            {
                Simple = new Message
                {
                    Subject = new Content { Data = subject },
                    Body = new Body
                    {
                        Html = new Content { Data = htmlContent },
                        Text = new Content { Data = textContent }
                    }
                }
            };
        }

        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(contactListName))
        {
            request.ListManagementOptions = new ListManagementOptions
            {
                ContactListName = contactListName
            };
        }

        try
        {
            var response = await _sesClient.SendEmailAsync(request);
            return response.MessageId;
        }
        catch (AccountSuspendedException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("The account's ability to send email has been permanently restricted.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (MailFromDomainNotVerifiedException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("The sending domain is not verified.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (MessageRejectedException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("The message content is invalid.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (SendingPausedException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("The account's ability to send email is currently paused.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (TooManyRequestsException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Too many requests were made. Please try again later.");
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"An error occurred while sending the email: {ex.Message}");
        }

        return string.Empty;
    }
}

    try {
      // 2. Create a contact list
      String contactListName = CONTACT_LIST_NAME;
      CreateContactListRequest createContactListRequest = CreateContactListRequest.builder()
          .contactListName(contactListName)
          .build();
      sesClient.createContactList(createContactListRequest);
      System.out.println("Contact list created: " + contactListName);
    } catch (AlreadyExistsException e) {
      System.out.println("Contact list already exists, skipping creation: weekly-coupons-newsletter");
    } catch (LimitExceededException e) {
      System.err.println("Limit for contact lists has been exceeded.");
      throw e;
    } catch (SesV2Exception e) {
      System.err.println("Error creating contact list: " + e.getMessage());
      throw e;
    }

      try {
        // Create a new contact with the provided email address in the
        CreateContactRequest contactRequest = CreateContactRequest.builder()
            .contactListName(CONTACT_LIST_NAME)
            .emailAddress(emailAddress)
            .build();

        sesClient.createContact(contactRequest);
        contacts.add(emailAddress);

        System.out.println("Contact created: " + emailAddress);

        // Send a welcome email to the new contact
        String welcomeHtml = Files.readString(Paths.get("resources/coupon_newsletter/welcome.html"));
        String welcomeText = Files.readString(Paths.get("resources/coupon_newsletter/welcome.txt"));

        SendEmailRequest welcomeEmailRequest = SendEmailRequest.builder()
            .fromEmailAddress(this.verifiedEmail)
            .destination(Destination.builder().toAddresses(emailAddress).build())
            .content(EmailContent.builder()
                .simple(
                    Message.builder()
                        .subject(Content.builder().data("Welcome to the Weekly Coupons Newsletter").build())
                        .body(Body.builder()
                            .text(Content.builder().data(welcomeText).build())
                            .html(Content.builder().data(welcomeHtml).build())
                            .build())
                        .build())
                .build())
            .build();
        SendEmailResponse welcomeEmailResponse = sesClient.sendEmail(welcomeEmailRequest);
        System.out.println("Welcome email sent: " + welcomeEmailResponse.messageId());
      } catch (AlreadyExistsException e) {
        // If the contact already exists, skip this step for that contact and proceed
        // with the next contact
        System.out.println("Contact already exists, skipping creation...");
      } catch (Exception e) {
        System.err.println("Error occurred while processing email address " + emailAddress + ": " + e.getMessage());
        throw e;
      }
    }

      ListContactsRequest contactListRequest = ListContactsRequest.builder()
          .contactListName(CONTACT_LIST_NAME)
          .build();

      List<String> contactEmails;
      try {
        ListContactsResponse contactListResponse = sesClient.listContacts(contactListRequest);

        contactEmails = contactListResponse.contacts().stream()
            .map(Contact::emailAddress)
            .toList();
      } catch (Exception e) {
        // TODO: Remove when listContacts's GET body issue is resolved.
        contactEmails = this.contacts;
      }


      String coupons = Files.readString(Paths.get("resources/coupon_newsletter/sample_coupons.json"));
      for (String emailAddress : contactEmails) {
        SendEmailRequest newsletterRequest = SendEmailRequest.builder()
            .destination(Destination.builder().toAddresses(emailAddress).build())
            .content(EmailContent.builder()
                .template(Template.builder()
                    .templateName(TEMPLATE_NAME)
                    .templateData(coupons)
                    .build())
                .build())
            .fromEmailAddress(this.verifiedEmail)
            .listManagementOptions(ListManagementOptions.builder()
                .contactListName(CONTACT_LIST_NAME)
                .build())
            .build();
        SendEmailResponse newsletterResponse = sesClient.sendEmail(newsletterRequest);
        System.out.println("Newsletter sent to " + emailAddress + ": " + newsletterResponse.messageId());
      }

    try {
      CreateEmailIdentityRequest createEmailIdentityRequest = CreateEmailIdentityRequest.builder()
          .emailIdentity(verifiedEmail)
          .build();
      sesClient.createEmailIdentity(createEmailIdentityRequest);
      System.out.println("Email identity created: " + verifiedEmail);
    } catch (AlreadyExistsException e) {
      System.out.println("Email identity already exists, skipping creation: " + verifiedEmail);
    } catch (NotFoundException e) {
      System.err.println("The provided email address is not verified: " + verifiedEmail);
      throw e;
    } catch (LimitExceededException e) {
      System.err
          .println("You have reached the limit for email identities. Please remove some identities and try again.");
      throw e;
    } catch (SesV2Exception e) {
      System.err.println("Error creating email identity: " + e.getMessage());
      throw e;
    }

    try {
      // Create an email template named "weekly-coupons"
      String newsletterHtml = loadFile("resources/coupon_newsletter/coupon-newsletter.html");
      String newsletterText = loadFile("resources/coupon_newsletter/coupon-newsletter.txt");

      CreateEmailTemplateRequest templateRequest = CreateEmailTemplateRequest.builder()
          .templateName(TEMPLATE_NAME)
          .templateContent(EmailTemplateContent.builder()
              .subject("Weekly Coupons Newsletter")
              .html(newsletterHtml)
              .text(newsletterText)
              .build())
          .build();

      sesClient.createEmailTemplate(templateRequest);

      System.out.println("Email template created: " + TEMPLATE_NAME);
    } catch (AlreadyExistsException e) {
      // If the template already exists, skip this step and proceed with the next
      // operation
      System.out.println("Email template already exists, skipping creation...");
    } catch (LimitExceededException e) {
      // If the limit for email templates is exceeded, fail the workflow and inform
      // the user
      System.err.println("You have reached the limit for email templates. Please remove some templates and try again.");
      throw e;
    } catch (Exception e) {
      System.err.println("Error occurred while creating email template: " + e.getMessage());
      throw e;
    }

    try {
      // Delete the contact list
      DeleteContactListRequest deleteContactListRequest = DeleteContactListRequest.builder()
          .contactListName(CONTACT_LIST_NAME)
          .build();

      sesClient.deleteContactList(deleteContactListRequest);

      System.out.println("Contact list deleted: " + CONTACT_LIST_NAME);
    } catch (NotFoundException e) {
      // If the contact list does not exist, log the error and proceed
      System.out.println("Contact list not found. Skipping deletion...");
    } catch (Exception e) {
      System.err.println("Error occurred while deleting the contact list: " + e.getMessage());
      e.printStackTrace();
    }

      try {
        // Delete the email identity
        DeleteEmailIdentityRequest deleteIdentityRequest = DeleteEmailIdentityRequest.builder()
            .emailIdentity(this.verifiedEmail)
            .build();

        sesClient.deleteEmailIdentity(deleteIdentityRequest);

        System.out.println("Email identity deleted: " + this.verifiedEmail);
      } catch (NotFoundException e) {
        // If the email identity does not exist, log the error and proceed
        System.out.println("Email identity not found. Skipping deletion...");
      } catch (Exception e) {
        System.err.println("Error occurred while deleting the email identity: " + e.getMessage());
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
    } else {
      System.out.println("Skipping email identity deletion.");
    }

    try {
      // Delete the template
      DeleteEmailTemplateRequest deleteTemplateRequest = DeleteEmailTemplateRequest.builder()
          .templateName(TEMPLATE_NAME)
          .build();

      sesClient.deleteEmailTemplate(deleteTemplateRequest);

      System.out.println("Email template deleted: " + TEMPLATE_NAME);
    } catch (NotFoundException e) {
      // If the email template does not exist, log the error and proceed
      System.out.println("Email template not found. Skipping deletion...");
    } catch (Exception e) {
      System.err.println("Error occurred while deleting the email template: " + e.getMessage());
      e.printStackTrace();
    }

def main():
    """
    The main function that orchestrates the execution of the workflow.
    """
    print(INTRO)
    ses_client = boto3.client("sesv2")
    workflow = SESv2Workflow(ses_client)
    try:
        workflow.prepare_application()
        workflow.gather_subscriber_email_addresses()
        workflow.send_coupon_newsletter()
        workflow.monitor_and_review()
    except ClientError as e:
        print_error(e)
    workflow.clean_up()



class SESv2Workflow:
    """
    A class to manage the SES v2 Coupon Newsletter Workflow.
    """

    def __init__(self, ses_client, sleep=True):
        self.ses_client = ses_client
        self.sleep = sleep


        try:
            self.ses_client.create_contact_list(ContactListName=CONTACT_LIST_NAME)
            print(f"Contact list '{CONTACT_LIST_NAME}' created successfully.")
        except ClientError as e:
            # If the contact list already exists, skip and proceed
            if e.response["Error"]["Code"] == "AlreadyExistsException":
                print(f"Contact list '{CONTACT_LIST_NAME}' already exists.")
            else:
                raise e

            try:
                # Create a new contact
                self.ses_client.create_contact(
                    ContactListName=CONTACT_LIST_NAME, EmailAddress=email
                )
                print(f"Contact with email '{email}' created successfully.")

                # Send the welcome email
                self.ses_client.send_email(
                    FromEmailAddress=self.verified_email,
                    Destination={"ToAddresses": [email]},
                    Content={
                        "Simple": {
                            "Subject": {
                                "Data": "Welcome to the Weekly Coupons Newsletter"
                            },
                            "Body": {
                                "Text": {"Data": welcome_text},
                                "Html": {"Data": welcome_html},
                            },
                        }
                    },
                )
                print(f"Welcome email sent to '{email}'.")
                if self.sleep:
                    # 1 email per second in sandbox mode, remove in production.
                    sleep(1.1)
            except ClientError as e:
                # If the contact already exists, skip and proceed
                if e.response["Error"]["Code"] == "AlreadyExistsException":
                    print(f"Contact with email '{email}' already exists. Skipping...")
                else:
                    raise e

        try:
            contacts_response = self.ses_client.list_contacts(
                ContactListName=CONTACT_LIST_NAME
            )
        except ClientError as e:
            if e.response["Error"]["Code"] == "NotFoundException":
                print(f"Contact list '{CONTACT_LIST_NAME}' does not exist.")
                return
            else:
                raise e

                self.ses_client.send_email(
                    FromEmailAddress=self.verified_email,
                    Destination={"ToAddresses": [email]},
                    Content={
                        "Simple": {
                            "Subject": {
                                "Data": "Welcome to the Weekly Coupons Newsletter"
                            },
                            "Body": {
                                "Text": {"Data": welcome_text},
                                "Html": {"Data": welcome_html},
                            },
                        }
                    },
                )
                print(f"Welcome email sent to '{email}'.")

                self.ses_client.send_email(
                    FromEmailAddress=self.verified_email,
                    Destination={"ToAddresses": [email_address]},
                    Content={
                        "Template": {
                            "TemplateName": TEMPLATE_NAME,
                            "TemplateData": coupon_items,
                        }
                    },
                    ListManagementOptions={"ContactListName": CONTACT_LIST_NAME},
                )

        try:
            self.ses_client.create_email_identity(EmailIdentity=self.verified_email)
            print(f"Email identity '{self.verified_email}' created successfully.")
        except ClientError as e:
            # If the email identity already exists, skip and proceed
            if e.response["Error"]["Code"] == "AlreadyExistsException":
                print(f"Email identity '{self.verified_email}' already exists.")
            else:
                raise e

        try:
            template_content = {
                "Subject": "Weekly Coupons Newsletter",
                "Html": load_file_content("coupon-newsletter.html"),
                "Text": load_file_content("coupon-newsletter.txt"),
            }
            self.ses_client.create_email_template(
                TemplateName=TEMPLATE_NAME, TemplateContent=template_content
            )
            print(f"Email template '{TEMPLATE_NAME}' created successfully.")
        except ClientError as e:
            # If the template already exists, skip and proceed
            if e.response["Error"]["Code"] == "AlreadyExistsException":
                print(f"Email template '{TEMPLATE_NAME}' already exists.")
            else:
                raise e

        try:
            self.ses_client.delete_contact_list(ContactListName=CONTACT_LIST_NAME)
            print(f"Contact list '{CONTACT_LIST_NAME}' deleted successfully.")
        except ClientError as e:
            # If the contact list doesn't exist, skip and proceed
            if e.response["Error"]["Code"] == "NotFoundException":
                print(f"Contact list '{CONTACT_LIST_NAME}' does not exist.")
            else:
                print(e)

            try:
                self.ses_client.delete_email_identity(EmailIdentity=self.verified_email)
                print(f"Email identity '{self.verified_email}' deleted successfully.")
            except ClientError as e:
                # If the email identity doesn't exist, skip and proceed
                if e.response["Error"]["Code"] == "NotFoundException":
                    print(f"Email identity '{self.verified_email}' does not exist.")
                else:
                    print(e)

        try:
            self.ses_client.delete_email_template(TemplateName=TEMPLATE_NAME)
            print(f"Email template '{TEMPLATE_NAME}' deleted successfully.")
        except ClientError as e:
            # If the email template doesn't exist, skip and proceed
            if e.response["Error"]["Code"] == "NotFoundException":
                print(f"Email template '{TEMPLATE_NAME}' does not exist.")
            else:
                print(e)

        match self
            .client
            .create_contact_list()
            .contact_list_name(CONTACT_LIST_NAME)
            .send()
            .await
        {
            Ok(_) => writeln!(self.stdout, "Contact list created successfully.")?,
            Err(e) => match e.into_service_error() {
                CreateContactListError::AlreadyExistsException(_) => {
                    writeln!(
                        self.stdout,
                        "Contact list already exists, skipping creation."
                    )?;
                }
                e => return Err(anyhow!("Error creating contact list: {}", e)),
            },
        }

            match self
                .client
                .create_contact()
                .contact_list_name(CONTACT_LIST_NAME)
                .email_address(email.clone())
                .send()
                .await
            {
                Ok(_) => writeln!(self.stdout, "Contact created for {}", email)?,
                Err(e) => match e.into_service_error() {
                    CreateContactError::AlreadyExistsException(_) => writeln!(
                        self.stdout,
                        "Contact already exists for {}, skipping creation.",
                        email
                    )?,
                    e => return Err(anyhow!("Error creating contact for {}: {}", email, e)),
                },
            }

        let contacts: Vec<Contact> = match self
            .client
            .list_contacts()
            .contact_list_name(CONTACT_LIST_NAME)
            .send()
            .await
        {
            Ok(list_contacts_output) => {
                list_contacts_output.contacts.unwrap().into_iter().collect()
            }
            Err(e) => {
                return Err(anyhow!(
                    "Error retrieving contact list {}: {}",
                    CONTACT_LIST_NAME,
                    e
                ))
            }
        };

            let coupons = std::fs::read_to_string("../resources/newsletter/sample_coupons.json")
                .unwrap_or_else(|_| r#"{"coupons":[]}"#.to_string());
            let email_content = EmailContent::builder()
                .template(
                    Template::builder()
                        .template_name(TEMPLATE_NAME)
                        .template_data(coupons)
                        .build(),
                )
                .build();

            match self
                .client
                .send_email()
                .from_email_address(self.verified_email.clone())
                .destination(Destination::builder().to_addresses(email.clone()).build())
                .content(email_content)
                .list_management_options(
                    ListManagementOptions::builder()
                        .contact_list_name(CONTACT_LIST_NAME)
                        .build()?,
                )
                .send()
                .await
            {
                Ok(output) => {
                    if let Some(message_id) = output.message_id {
                        writeln!(
                            self.stdout,
                            "Newsletter sent to {} with message ID {}",
                            email, message_id
                        )?;
                    } else {
                        writeln!(self.stdout, "Newsletter sent to {}", email)?;
                    }
                }
                Err(e) => return Err(anyhow!("Error sending newsletter to {}: {}", email, e)),
            }

        match self
            .client
            .create_email_identity()
            .email_identity(self.verified_email.clone())
            .send()
            .await
        {
            Ok(_) => writeln!(self.stdout, "Email identity created successfully.")?,
            Err(e) => match e.into_service_error() {
                CreateEmailIdentityError::AlreadyExistsException(_) => {
                    writeln!(
                        self.stdout,
                        "Email identity already exists, skipping creation."
                    )?;
                }
                e => return Err(anyhow!("Error creating email identity: {}", e)),
            },
        }

        let template_html =
            std::fs::read_to_string("../resources/newsletter/coupon-newsletter.html")
                .unwrap_or_else(|_| "Missing coupon-newsletter.html".to_string());
        let template_text =
            std::fs::read_to_string("../resources/newsletter/coupon-newsletter.txt")
                .unwrap_or_else(|_| "Missing coupon-newsletter.txt".to_string());

        // Create the email template
        let template_content = EmailTemplateContent::builder()
            .subject("Weekly Coupons Newsletter")
            .html(template_html)
            .text(template_text)
            .build();

        match self
            .client
            .create_email_template()
            .template_name(TEMPLATE_NAME)
            .template_content(template_content)
            .send()
            .await
        {
            Ok(_) => writeln!(self.stdout, "Email template created successfully.")?,
            Err(e) => match e.into_service_error() {
                CreateEmailTemplateError::AlreadyExistsException(_) => {
                    writeln!(
                        self.stdout,
                        "Email template already exists, skipping creation."
                    )?;
                }
                e => return Err(anyhow!("Error creating email template: {}", e)),
            },
        }

        match self
            .client
            .delete_contact_list()
            .contact_list_name(CONTACT_LIST_NAME)
            .send()
            .await
        {
            Ok(_) => writeln!(self.stdout, "Contact list deleted successfully.")?,
            Err(e) => return Err(anyhow!("Error deleting contact list: {e}")),
        }

            match self
                .client
                .delete_email_identity()
                .email_identity(self.verified_email.clone())
                .send()
                .await
            {
                Ok(_) => writeln!(self.stdout, "Email identity deleted successfully.")?,
                Err(e) => {
                    return Err(anyhow!("Error deleting email identity: {}", e));
                }
            }

        match self
            .client
            .delete_email_template()
            .template_name(TEMPLATE_NAME)
            .send()
            .await
        {
            Ok(_) => writeln!(self.stdout, "Email template deleted successfully.")?,
            Err(e) => {
                return Err(anyhow!("Error deleting email template: {e}"));
            }
        }