記錄和監控 Python Lambda 函數

在 CloudWatch 主控台上開啟日誌群組頁面。

選擇函數的日誌群組 （/aws/lambda/your-function-name).

選擇日誌串流

使用 Hello World Python 範本來初始化應用程式。

sam init --app-template hello-world-powertools-python --name sam-app --package-type Zip --runtime python3.9 --no-tracing

建置應用程式。

cd sam-app && sam build

部署應用程式。

sam deploy --guided

依照螢幕上的提示操作。若要接受互動體驗中提供的預設選項，請按下 Enter。

取得URL已部署應用程式的 ：

aws cloudformation describe-stacks --stack-name sam-app --query 'Stacks[0].Outputs[?OutputKey==`HelloWorldApi`].OutputValue' --output text

叫用API端點：

curl GET <URL_FROM_PREVIOUS_STEP>

成功的話，您將會看到以下回應：

{"message":"hello world"}

若要獲取該函數的日誌，請執行 sam 日誌。如需詳細資訊，請參閱《AWS Serverless Application Model 開發人員指南》 中的 使用日誌。

sam logs --stack-name sam-app

日誌輸出如下：

2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:50.371000 INIT_START Runtime Version: python:3.9.v16    Runtime Version ARN: arn:aws:lambda:us-east-1::runtime:07a48df201798d627f2b950f03bb227aab4a655a1d019c3296406f95937e2525
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.112000 START RequestId: d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be Version: $LATEST
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.114000 {
  "level": "INFO",
  "location": "hello:23",
  "message": "Hello world API - HTTP 200",
  "timestamp": "2023-02-03 14:59:51,113+0000",
  "service": "PowertoolsHelloWorld",
  "cold_start": true,
  "function_name": "sam-app-HelloWorldFunction-YBg8yfYtOc9j",
  "function_memory_size": "128",
  "function_arn": "arn:aws:lambda:us-east-1:111122223333:function:sam-app-HelloWorldFunction-YBg8yfYtOc9j",
  "function_request_id": "d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be",
  "correlation_id": "e73f8aef-5e07-436e-a30b-63e4b23f0047",
  "xray_trace_id": "1-63dd2166-434a12c22e1307ff2114f299"
}
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.126000 {
  "_aws": {
    "Timestamp": 1675436391126,
    "CloudWatchMetrics": [
      {
        "Namespace": "Powertools",
        "Dimensions": [
          [
            "function_name",
            "service"
          ]
        ],
        "Metrics": [
          {
            "Name": "ColdStart",
            "Unit": "Count"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "function_name": "sam-app-HelloWorldFunction-YBg8yfYtOc9j",
  "service": "PowertoolsHelloWorld",
  "ColdStart": [
    1.0
  ]
}
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.126000 {
  "_aws": {
    "Timestamp": 1675436391126,
    "CloudWatchMetrics": [
      {
        "Namespace": "Powertools",
        "Dimensions": [
          [
            "service"
          ]
        ],
        "Metrics": [
          {
            "Name": "HelloWorldInvocations",
            "Unit": "Count"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "service": "PowertoolsHelloWorld",
  "HelloWorldInvocations": [
    1.0
  ]
}
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.128000 END RequestId: d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.128000 REPORT RequestId: d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be    Duration: 16.33 ms    Billed Duration: 17 ms    Memory Size: 128 MB    Max Memory Used: 64 MB    Init Duration: 739.46 ms    
XRAY TraceId: 1-63dd2166-434a12c22e1307ff2114f299    SegmentId: 3c5d18d735a1ced0    Sampled: true

這是可透過網際網路存取的公有API端點。建議您在測試後刪除端點。

sam delete

為您的新應用程式建立專案目錄。

mkdir hello-world
cd hello-world

初始化應用程式。

cdk init app --language python

安裝 Python 相依項。

pip install -r requirements.txt

在根資料夾下建立 lambda_function 目錄。

mkdir lambda_function
cd lambda_function

建立檔案 app.py，並將下列程式碼新增至檔案。這是 Lambda 函數的程式碼。

from aws_lambda_powertools.event_handler import APIGatewayRestResolver
from aws_lambda_powertools.utilities.typing import LambdaContext
from aws_lambda_powertools.logging import correlation_paths
from aws_lambda_powertools import Logger
from aws_lambda_powertools import Tracer
from aws_lambda_powertools import Metrics
from aws_lambda_powertools.metrics import MetricUnit

app = APIGatewayRestResolver()
tracer = Tracer()
logger = Logger()
metrics = Metrics(namespace="PowertoolsSample")

@app.get("/hello")
@tracer.capture_method
def hello():
    # adding custom metrics
    # See: https://docs.powertools.aws.dev/lambda-python/latest/core/metrics/
    metrics.add_metric(name="HelloWorldInvocations", unit=MetricUnit.Count, value=1)

    # structured log
    # See: https://docs.powertools.aws.dev/lambda-python/latest/core/logger/
    logger.info("Hello world API - HTTP 200")
    return {"message": "hello world"}

# Enrich logging with contextual information from Lambda
@logger.inject_lambda_context(correlation_id_path=correlation_paths.API_GATEWAY_REST)
# Adding tracer
# See: https://docs.powertools.aws.dev/lambda-python/latest/core/tracer/
@tracer.capture_lambda_handler
# ensures metrics are flushed upon request completion/failure and capturing ColdStart metric
@metrics.log_metrics(capture_cold_start_metric=True)
def lambda_handler(event: dict, context: LambdaContext) -> dict:
    return app.resolve(event, context)

開啟 hello_world 目錄。您應看到名稱為 hello_world_stack.py 的檔案。

cd ..
cd hello_world

開啟 hello_world_stack.py，並將下列程式碼新增至檔案。這包含 Lambda Constructor ，其會建立 Lambda 函數、設定 Powertools 的環境變數，並將日誌保留設定為一週，以及 ApiGatewayv1 個建構器 ，其會建立 REST API。

from aws_cdk import (
    Stack,
    aws_apigateway as apigwv1,
    aws_lambda as lambda_,
    CfnOutput,
    Duration
)
from constructs import Construct

class HelloWorldStack(Stack):

    def __init__(self, scope: Construct, construct_id: str, **kwargs) -> None:
        super().__init__(scope, construct_id, **kwargs)

        # Powertools Lambda Layer
        powertools_layer = lambda_.LayerVersion.from_layer_version_arn(
            self,
            id="lambda-powertools",
            # At the moment we wrote this example, the aws_lambda_python_alpha CDK constructor is in Alpha, o we use layer to make the example simpler
            # See https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cdk/api/v2/python/aws_cdk.aws_lambda_python_alpha/README.html
            # Check all Powertools layers versions here: https://docs.powertools.aws.dev/lambda-python/latest/#lambda-layer
            layer_version_arn=f"arn:aws:lambda:{self.region}:017000801446:layer:AWSLambdaPowertoolsPythonV2:21"
        )

        function = lambda_.Function(self,
            'sample-app-lambda',
            runtime=lambda_.Runtime.PYTHON_3_9,
            layers=[powertools_layer],
            code = lambda_.Code.from_asset("./lambda_function/"),
            handler="app.lambda_handler",
            memory_size=128,
            timeout=Duration.seconds(3),
            architecture=lambda_.Architecture.X86_64,
            environment={
                "POWERTOOLS_SERVICE_NAME": "PowertoolsHelloWorld",
                "POWERTOOLS_METRICS_NAMESPACE": "PowertoolsSample",
                "LOG_LEVEL": "INFO"
            }
        )

        apigw = apigwv1.RestApi(self, "PowertoolsAPI", deploy_options=apigwv1.StageOptions(stage_name="dev"))

        hello_api = apigw.root.add_resource("hello")
        hello_api.add_method("GET", apigwv1.LambdaIntegration(function, proxy=True))

        CfnOutput(self, "apiUrl", value=f"{apigw.url}hello")

部署您的應用程式。

cd ..
cdk deploy

取得URL部署應用程式的 ：

aws cloudformation describe-stacks --stack-name HelloWorldStack --query 'Stacks[0].Outputs[?OutputKey==`apiUrl`].OutputValue' --output text

叫用API端點：

curl GET <URL_FROM_PREVIOUS_STEP>

成功的話，您將會看到以下回應：

{"message":"hello world"}

若要獲取該函數的日誌，請執行 sam 日誌。如需詳細資訊，請參閱《AWS Serverless Application Model 開發人員指南》 中的 使用日誌。

sam logs --stack-name HelloWorldStack

日誌輸出如下：

2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:50.371000 INIT_START Runtime Version: python:3.9.v16    Runtime Version ARN: arn:aws:lambda:us-east-1::runtime:07a48df201798d627f2b950f03bb227aab4a655a1d019c3296406f95937e2525
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.112000 START RequestId: d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be Version: $LATEST
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.114000 {
  "level": "INFO",
  "location": "hello:23",
    "message": "Hello world API - HTTP 200",
  "timestamp": "2023-02-03 14:59:51,113+0000",
  "service": "PowertoolsHelloWorld",
  "cold_start": true,
  "function_name": "sam-app-HelloWorldFunction-YBg8yfYtOc9j",
  "function_memory_size": "128",
  "function_arn": "arn:aws:lambda:us-east-1:111122223333:function:sam-app-HelloWorldFunction-YBg8yfYtOc9j",
  "function_request_id": "d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be",
  "correlation_id": "e73f8aef-5e07-436e-a30b-63e4b23f0047",
  "xray_trace_id": "1-63dd2166-434a12c22e1307ff2114f299"
}
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.126000 {
  "_aws": {
    "Timestamp": 1675436391126,
    "CloudWatchMetrics": [
      {
        "Namespace": "Powertools",
        "Dimensions": [
          [
            "function_name",
            "service"
          ]
        ],
        "Metrics": [
          {
            "Name": "ColdStart",
            "Unit": "Count"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "function_name": "sam-app-HelloWorldFunction-YBg8yfYtOc9j",
  "service": "PowertoolsHelloWorld",
  "ColdStart": [
    1.0
  ]
}
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.126000 {
  "_aws": {
    "Timestamp": 1675436391126,
    "CloudWatchMetrics": [
      {
        "Namespace": "Powertools",
        "Dimensions": [
          [
            "service"
          ]
        ],
        "Metrics": [
          {
            "Name": "HelloWorldInvocations",
            "Unit": "Count"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "service": "PowertoolsHelloWorld",
  "HelloWorldInvocations": [
    1.0
  ]
}
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.128000 END RequestId: d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.128000 REPORT RequestId: d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be    Duration: 16.33 ms    Billed Duration: 17 ms    Memory Size: 128 MB    Max Memory Used: 64 MB    Init Duration: 739.46 ms    
XRAY TraceId: 1-63dd2166-434a12c22e1307ff2114f299    SegmentId: 3c5d18d735a1ced0    Sampled: true

這是可透過網際網路存取的公有API端點。建議您在測試後刪除端點。

cdk destroy