本文為英文版的機器翻譯版本，如內容有任何歧義或不一致之處，概以英文版為準。

# 管理 Amazon EC2 執行個體
<a name="examples-ec2-instances"></a>

## 先決條件
<a name="codeExamplePrereq"></a>

開始之前，建議您先閱讀[開始使用 適用於 C\$1\$1 的 AWS SDK](getting-started.md)。

下載範例程式碼並建置解決方案，如中所述[程式碼範例入門](getting-started-code-examples.md)。

若要執行範例，您的程式碼用來提出請求的使用者描述檔必須具有 AWS （針對 服務和 動作） 的適當許可。如需詳細資訊，請參閱[提供 AWS 登入](credentials.md)資料。

## 建立 執行個體
<a name="create-an-instance"></a>

透過呼叫 EC2Client 的 `RunInstances`函數建立新的 Amazon EC2 執行個體，為其提供 [RunInstancesRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-cpp/latest/api/aws-cpp-sdk-ec2/html/class_aws_1_1_e_c2_1_1_model_1_1_run_instances_request.html)，其中包含要使用的 [Amazon Machine Image (AMI)](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/AMIs.html) 和[執行個體類型](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/instance-types.html)。

 **包括** 

```
#include <aws/core/Aws.h>
#include <aws/ec2/EC2Client.h>
#include <aws/ec2/model/RunInstancesRequest.h>
#include <iostream>
```

 **Code** 

```
    Aws::EC2::EC2Client ec2Client(clientConfiguration);

    Aws::EC2::Model::RunInstancesRequest runRequest;
    runRequest.SetImageId(amiId);
    runRequest.SetInstanceType(Aws::EC2::Model::InstanceType::t1_micro);
    runRequest.SetMinCount(1);
    runRequest.SetMaxCount(1);

    Aws::EC2::Model::RunInstancesOutcome runOutcome = ec2Client.RunInstances(
            runRequest);
    if (!runOutcome.IsSuccess()) {
        std::cerr << "Failed to launch EC2 instance " << instanceName <<
                  " based on ami " << amiId << ":" <<
                  runOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl;
        return false;
    }

    const Aws::Vector<Aws::EC2::Model::Instance> &instances = runOutcome.GetResult().GetInstances();
    if (instances.empty()) {
        std::cerr << "Failed to launch EC2 instance " << instanceName <<
                  " based on ami " << amiId << ":" <<
                  runOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl;
        return false;
    }
```

請參閱[完整範例](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/cpp/example_code/ec2/run_instances.cpp)。

## 啟動執行個體
<a name="start-an-instance"></a>

若要啟動 Amazon EC2 執行個體，請呼叫 EC2Client 的 `StartInstances`函數，為其提供 [StartInstancesRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-cpp/latest/api/aws-cpp-sdk-ec2/html/class_aws_1_1_e_c2_1_1_model_1_1_start_instances_request.html)，其中包含要啟動的執行個體 ID。

 **包括** 

```
#include <aws/ec2/EC2Client.h>
#include <aws/ec2/model/StartInstancesRequest.h>
```

 **Code** 

```
    Aws::EC2::EC2Client ec2Client(clientConfiguration);

    Aws::EC2::Model::StartInstancesRequest startRequest;
    startRequest.AddInstanceIds(instanceId);
    startRequest.SetDryRun(true);

    Aws::EC2::Model::StartInstancesOutcome dryRunOutcome = ec2Client.StartInstances(startRequest);
    if (dryRunOutcome.IsSuccess()) {
        std::cerr
                << "Failed dry run to start instance. A dry run should trigger an error."
                << std::endl;
        return false;
    } else if (dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetErrorType() !=
               Aws::EC2::EC2Errors::DRY_RUN_OPERATION) {
        std::cout << "Failed dry run to start instance " << instanceId << ": "
                  << dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl;
        return false;
    }

    startRequest.SetDryRun(false);
    Aws::EC2::Model::StartInstancesOutcome startInstancesOutcome = ec2Client.StartInstances(startRequest);

    if (!startInstancesOutcome.IsSuccess()) {
        std::cout << "Failed to start instance " << instanceId << ": " <<
                  startInstancesOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "Successfully started instance " << instanceId <<
                  std::endl;
    }
```

請參閱[完整範例](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/cpp/example_code/ec2/start_stop_instance.cpp)。

## 停止執行個體
<a name="stop-an-instance"></a>

若要停止 Amazon EC2 執行個體，請呼叫 EC2Client 的 `StopInstances`函數，為其提供 [StopInstancesRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-cpp/latest/api/aws-cpp-sdk-ec2/html/class_aws_1_1_e_c2_1_1_model_1_1_stop_instances_request.html)，其中包含要停止的執行個體 ID。

 **包括** 

```
#include <aws/ec2/model/StopInstancesRequest.h>
```

 **Code** 

```
    Aws::EC2::EC2Client ec2Client(clientConfiguration);
    Aws::EC2::Model::StopInstancesRequest request;
    request.AddInstanceIds(instanceId);
    request.SetDryRun(true);

    Aws::EC2::Model::StopInstancesOutcome dryRunOutcome = ec2Client.StopInstances(request);
    if (dryRunOutcome.IsSuccess()) {
        std::cerr
                << "Failed dry run to stop instance. A dry run should trigger an error."
                << std::endl;
        return false;
    } else if (dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetErrorType() !=
               Aws::EC2::EC2Errors::DRY_RUN_OPERATION) {
        std::cout << "Failed dry run to stop instance " << instanceId << ": "
                  << dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl;
        return false;
    }

    request.SetDryRun(false);
    Aws::EC2::Model::StopInstancesOutcome outcome = ec2Client.StopInstances(request);
    if (!outcome.IsSuccess()) {
        std::cout << "Failed to stop instance " << instanceId << ": " <<
                  outcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "Successfully stopped instance " << instanceId <<
                  std::endl;
    }
```

請參閱[完整範例](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/cpp/example_code/ec2/start_stop_instance.cpp)。

## 重新啟動執行個體
<a name="reboot-an-instance"></a>

若要重新啟動 Amazon EC2 執行個體，請呼叫 EC2Client 的 `RebootInstances`函數，為其提供 [RebootInstancesRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-cpp/latest/api/aws-cpp-sdk-ec2/html/class_aws_1_1_e_c2_1_1_model_1_1_reboot_instances_request.html)，其中包含要重新啟動的執行個體 ID。

 **包括** 

```
#include <aws/ec2/EC2Client.h>
#include <aws/ec2/model/RebootInstancesRequest.h>
#include <iostream>
```

 **Code** 

```
    Aws::EC2::EC2Client ec2Client(clientConfiguration);

    Aws::EC2::Model::RebootInstancesRequest request;
    request.AddInstanceIds(instanceId);
    request.SetDryRun(true);

    Aws::EC2::Model::RebootInstancesOutcome dry_run_outcome = ec2Client.RebootInstances(request);
    if (dry_run_outcome.IsSuccess()) {
        std::cerr
                << "Failed dry run to reboot on instance. A dry run should trigger an error."
                <<
                std::endl;
        return false;
    } else if (dry_run_outcome.GetError().GetErrorType()
               != Aws::EC2::EC2Errors::DRY_RUN_OPERATION) {
        std::cout << "Failed dry run to reboot instance " << instanceId << ": "
                  << dry_run_outcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl;
        return false;
    }

    request.SetDryRun(false);
    Aws::EC2::Model::RebootInstancesOutcome outcome = ec2Client.RebootInstances(request);
    if (!outcome.IsSuccess()) {
        std::cout << "Failed to reboot instance " << instanceId << ": " <<
                  outcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "Successfully rebooted instance " << instanceId <<
                  std::endl;
    }
```

請參閱[完整範例](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/cpp/example_code/ec2/reboot_instance.cpp)。

## 描述執行個體
<a name="describe-instances"></a>

若要列出您的執行個體，請建立 [DescribeInstancesRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-cpp/latest/api/aws-cpp-sdk-ec2/html/class_aws_1_1_e_c2_1_1_model_1_1_describe_instances_request.html) 並呼叫 EC2Client 的 `DescribeInstances`函數。它會傳回 [DescribeInstancesResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-cpp/latest/api/aws-cpp-sdk-ec2/html/class_aws_1_1_e_c2_1_1_model_1_1_describe_instances_response.html) 物件，您可以用來列出 AWS 帳戶 和 的 Amazon EC2 執行個體 AWS 區域。

執行個體依照*保留*分組。每個保留對應到呼叫 `StartInstances`，用以啟動執行個體。若要列出您的執行個體，您必須先呼叫`DescribeInstancesResponse`類別的 `GetReservations`函數，然後在每個傳回的預留物件`getInstances`上呼叫 。

 **包括** 

```
#include <aws/ec2/EC2Client.h>
#include <aws/ec2/model/DescribeInstancesRequest.h>
#include <aws/ec2/model/DescribeInstancesResponse.h>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
```

 **Code** 

```
    Aws::EC2::EC2Client ec2Client(clientConfiguration);
    Aws::EC2::Model::DescribeInstancesRequest request;
    bool header = false;
    bool done = false;
    while (!done) {
        Aws::EC2::Model::DescribeInstancesOutcome outcome = ec2Client.DescribeInstances(request);
        if (outcome.IsSuccess()) {
            if (!header) {
                std::cout << std::left <<
                          std::setw(48) << "Name" <<
                          std::setw(20) << "ID" <<
                          std::setw(25) << "Ami" <<
                          std::setw(15) << "Type" <<
                          std::setw(15) << "State" <<
                          std::setw(15) << "Monitoring" << std::endl;
                header = true;
            }

            const std::vector<Aws::EC2::Model::Reservation> &reservations =
                    outcome.GetResult().GetReservations();

            for (const auto &reservation: reservations) {
                const std::vector<Aws::EC2::Model::Instance> &instances =
                        reservation.GetInstances();
                for (const auto &instance: instances) {
                    Aws::String instanceStateString =
                            Aws::EC2::Model::InstanceStateNameMapper::GetNameForInstanceStateName(
                                    instance.GetState().GetName());

                    Aws::String typeString =
                            Aws::EC2::Model::InstanceTypeMapper::GetNameForInstanceType(
                                    instance.GetInstanceType());

                    Aws::String monitorString =
                            Aws::EC2::Model::MonitoringStateMapper::GetNameForMonitoringState(
                                    instance.GetMonitoring().GetState());
                    Aws::String name = "Unknown";

                    const std::vector<Aws::EC2::Model::Tag> &tags = instance.GetTags();
                    auto nameIter = std::find_if(tags.cbegin(), tags.cend(),
                                                 [](const Aws::EC2::Model::Tag &tag) {
                                                     return tag.GetKey() == "Name";
                                                 });
                    if (nameIter != tags.cend()) {
                        name = nameIter->GetValue();
                    }
                    std::cout <<
                              std::setw(48) << name <<
                              std::setw(20) << instance.GetInstanceId() <<
                              std::setw(25) << instance.GetImageId() <<
                              std::setw(15) << typeString <<
                              std::setw(15) << instanceStateString <<
                              std::setw(15) << monitorString << std::endl;
                }
            }

            if (!outcome.GetResult().GetNextToken().empty()) {
                request.SetNextToken(outcome.GetResult().GetNextToken());
            } else {
                done = true;
            }
        } else {
            std::cerr << "Failed to describe EC2 instances:" <<
                      outcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl;
            return false;
        }
    }
```

結果是分頁的；您可以將結果物件的 `GetNextToken`函數傳回的值傳遞至原始請求物件的 `SetNextToken` 函數，然後在下一次呼叫 時使用相同的請求物件，以取得進一步的結果`DescribeInstances`。

請參閱[完整範例](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/cpp/example_code/ec2/describe_instances.cpp)。

## 啟用執行個體監控
<a name="enable-instance-monitoring"></a>

您可以監控 Amazon EC2 執行個體的各個層面，例如 CPU 和網路使用率、可用的記憶體，以及剩餘的磁碟空間。若要進一步了解執行個體監控，請參閱《[Amazon EC2 使用者指南》中的監控](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/monitoring_ec2.html) Amazon EC2。

若要開始監控執行個體，您必須使用要監控的執行個體 ID 建立 [MonitorInstancesRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-cpp/latest/api/aws-cpp-sdk-ec2/html/class_aws_1_1_e_c2_1_1_model_1_1_monitor_instances_request.html)，並將其傳遞給 EC2Client 的 `MonitorInstances`函數。

 **包括** 

```
#include <aws/ec2/EC2Client.h>
#include <aws/ec2/model/MonitorInstancesRequest.h>
#include <aws/ec2/model/UnmonitorInstancesRequest.h>
#include <iostream>
```

 **Code** 

```
    Aws::EC2::EC2Client ec2Client(clientConfiguration);
    Aws::EC2::Model::MonitorInstancesRequest request;
    request.AddInstanceIds(instanceId);
    request.SetDryRun(true);

    Aws::EC2::Model::MonitorInstancesOutcome dryRunOutcome = ec2Client.MonitorInstances(request);
    if (dryRunOutcome.IsSuccess()) {
        std::cerr
                << "Failed dry run to enable monitoring on instance. A dry run should trigger an error."
                <<
                std::endl;
        return false;
    } else if (dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetErrorType()
               != Aws::EC2::EC2Errors::DRY_RUN_OPERATION) {
        std::cerr << "Failed dry run to enable monitoring on instance " <<
                  instanceId << ": " << dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() <<
                  std::endl;
        return false;
    }

    request.SetDryRun(false);
    Aws::EC2::Model::MonitorInstancesOutcome monitorInstancesOutcome = ec2Client.MonitorInstances(request);
    if (!monitorInstancesOutcome.IsSuccess()) {
        std::cerr << "Failed to enable monitoring on instance " <<
                  instanceId << ": " <<
                  monitorInstancesOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "Successfully enabled monitoring on instance " <<
                  instanceId << std::endl;
    }
```

請參閱[完整範例](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/cpp/example_code/ec2/monitor_instance.cpp)。

## 停用執行個體監控
<a name="disable-instance-monitoring"></a>

若要停止監控執行個體，請使用執行個體的 ID 建立 [UnmonitorInstancesRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-cpp/latest/api/aws-cpp-sdk-ec2/html/class_aws_1_1_e_c2_1_1_model_1_1_unmonitor_instances_request.html) 以停止監控，並將其傳遞給 EC2Client 的 `UnmonitorInstances`函數。

 **包括** 

```
#include <aws/ec2/EC2Client.h>
#include <aws/ec2/model/MonitorInstancesRequest.h>
#include <aws/ec2/model/UnmonitorInstancesRequest.h>
#include <iostream>
```

 **Code** 

```
    Aws::EC2::EC2Client ec2Client(clientConfiguration);
    Aws::EC2::Model::UnmonitorInstancesRequest unrequest;
    unrequest.AddInstanceIds(instanceId);
    unrequest.SetDryRun(true);

    Aws::EC2::Model::UnmonitorInstancesOutcome dryRunOutcome = ec2Client.UnmonitorInstances(unrequest);
    if (dryRunOutcome.IsSuccess()) {
        std::cerr
                << "Failed dry run to disable monitoring on instance. A dry run should trigger an error."
                <<
                std::endl;
        return false;
    } else if (dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetErrorType() !=
               Aws::EC2::EC2Errors::DRY_RUN_OPERATION) {
        std::cout << "Failed dry run to disable monitoring on instance " <<
                  instanceId << ": " << dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() <<
                  std::endl;
        return false;
    }

    unrequest.SetDryRun(false);
    Aws::EC2::Model::UnmonitorInstancesOutcome unmonitorInstancesOutcome = ec2Client.UnmonitorInstances(unrequest);
    if (!unmonitorInstancesOutcome.IsSuccess()) {
        std::cout << "Failed to disable monitoring on instance " << instanceId
                  << ": " << unmonitorInstancesOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() <<
                  std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "Successfully disable monitoring on instance " <<
                  instanceId << std::endl;
    }
```

請參閱[完整範例](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/cpp/example_code/ec2/monitor_instance.cpp)。

## 詳細資訊
<a name="more-information"></a>
+  Amazon EC2 API 參考中的 [RunInstances](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/API_RunInstances.html) 
+  Amazon EC2 API 參考中的 [DescribeInstances](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/API_DescribeInstances.html) 
+  Amazon EC2 API 參考中的 [StartInstances](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/API_StartInstances.html) 
+  Amazon EC2 API 參考中的 [StopInstances](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/API_StopInstances.html) 
+  Amazon EC2 API 參考中的 [RebootInstances](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/API_RebootInstances.html) 
+  Amazon EC2 API 參考中的 [DescribeInstances](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/API_DescribeInstances.html) 
+  Amazon EC2 API 參考中的 [MonitorInstances](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/API_MonitorInstances.html) 
+  Amazon EC2 API 參考中的 [UnmonitorInstances](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/API_UnmonitorInstances.html)