本文為英文版的機器翻譯版本，如內容有任何歧義或不一致之處，概以英文版為準。

# 傳送、接收和刪除 Amazon Simple Queue Service 訊息
<a name="examples-sqs-messages"></a>

訊息是資料片段，可透過分散式元件傳送和接收。訊息一律使用 [SQS 佇列](examples-sqs-message-queues.md)來傳送。

下列範例中使用的 `sqsClient` 變數可從下列程式碼片段建立。

```
SqsClient sqsClient = SqsClient.create();
```

當您`SqsClient`使用靜態`create()`方法建立 時，開發套件會使用[預設區域提供者鏈](region-selection.md#default-region-provider-chain)來設定區域，並使用預設登入資料[提供者鏈來設定登入資料](credentials-chain.md)。

## 傳送訊息
<a name="sqs-message-send"></a>

呼叫 SqsClient 用戶端`sendMessage`方法，將單一訊息新增至 Amazon Simple Queue Service 佇列。提供 [SendMessageRequest](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/java/api/latest/software/amazon/awssdk/services/sqs/model/SendMessageRequest.html) 物件，其中包含佇列的 [URL](examples-sqs-message-queues.md#sqs-get-queue-url)、訊息本文，以及選用的延遲值 (以秒為單位)。

 **匯入** 

```
import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.SqsClient;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.*;
import java.util.List;
```

 **Code** 

```
            sqsClient.sendMessage(SendMessageRequest.builder()
                .queueUrl(queueUrl)
                .messageBody("Hello world!")
                .delaySeconds(10)
                .build());

            sqsClient.sendMessage(sendMsgRequest);
```

## 在請求中傳送多則訊息
<a name="sqs-messages-send-multiple"></a>

使用 SqsClient `sendMessageBatch`方法在單一請求中傳送多個訊息。這個方法採用 [SendMessageBatchRequest](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/java/api/latest/software/amazon/awssdk/services/sqs/model/SendMessageBatchRequest.html)，其中包含佇列 URL 和要傳送的訊息清單。(每個訊息都是一個 [SendMessageBatchRequestEntry](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/java/api/latest/software/amazon/awssdk/services/sqs/model/SendMessageBatchRequestEntry.html)。) 您也可以在訊息上設定延遲值，延遲傳送特定的訊息。

 **匯入** 

```
import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.SqsClient;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.*;
import java.util.List;
```

 **Code** 

```
            SendMessageBatchRequest sendMessageBatchRequest = SendMessageBatchRequest.builder()
                .queueUrl(queueUrl)
                .entries(SendMessageBatchRequestEntry.builder().id("id1").messageBody("Hello from msg 1").build(),
                        SendMessageBatchRequestEntry.builder().id("id2").messageBody("msg 2").delaySeconds(10).build())
                .build();
            sqsClient.sendMessageBatch(sendMessageBatchRequest);
```

請參閱 GitHub 上的[完整範例](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/blob/cf25559da654a7b74bec039c0ab9397dc5951dd4/javav2/example_code/sqs/src/main/java/com/example/sqs/SQSExample.java#L133)。

## 擷取訊息
<a name="sqs-messages-receive"></a>

呼叫 SqsClient `receiveMessage`方法，擷取目前佇列中的任何訊息。這個方法採用 [ReceiveMessageRequest](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/java/api/latest/software/amazon/awssdk/services/sqs/model/ReceiveMessageRequest.html)，其中包含佇列 URL。您也可以指定要傳回的最大訊息數量。訊息會以 [Message](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/java/api/latest/software/amazon/awssdk/services/sqs/model/Message.html) 物件清單的形式傳回。

 **匯入** 

```
import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.SqsClient;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.*;
import java.util.List;
```

 **Code** 

```
        try {
            ReceiveMessageRequest receiveMessageRequest = ReceiveMessageRequest.builder()
                .queueUrl(queueUrl)
                .maxNumberOfMessages(5)
                .build();
            List<Message> messages = sqsClient.receiveMessage(receiveMessageRequest).messages();
            return messages;
        } catch (SqsException e) {
            System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
            System.exit(1);
        }
        return null;
```

請參閱 GitHub 上的[完整範例](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/blob/cf25559da654a7b74bec039c0ab9397dc5951dd4/javav2/example_code/sqs/src/main/java/com/example/sqs/SQSExample.java#L148)。

## 在收到訊息後刪除訊息
<a name="sqs-messages-delete"></a>

收到訊息並處理其內容後，將訊息的接收控點和佇列 URL 傳送至 `SqsClient's`[https://sdk.amazonaws.com/java/api/latest/software/amazon/awssdk/services/sqs/SqsClient.html#deleteMessage(software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.DeleteMessageRequest)](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/java/api/latest/software/amazon/awssdk/services/sqs/SqsClient.html#deleteMessage(software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.DeleteMessageRequest))方法，從佇列刪除訊息。

 **匯入** 

```
import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.SqsClient;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.*;
import java.util.List;
```

 **Code** 

```
        try {
            for (Message message : messages) {
                DeleteMessageRequest deleteMessageRequest = DeleteMessageRequest.builder()
                        .queueUrl(queueUrl)
                        .receiptHandle(message.receiptHandle())
                        .build();
                sqsClient.deleteMessage(deleteMessageRequest);
            }
```

請參閱 GitHub 上的[完整範例](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/blob/cf25559da654a7b74bec039c0ab9397dc5951dd4/javav2/example_code/sqs/src/main/java/com/example/sqs/SQSExample.java#L187)。

## 詳細資訊
<a name="more-info"></a>
+  《 [Amazon Simple Queue Service 開發人員指南》中的佇列如何運作](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSSimpleQueueService/latest/SQSDeveloperGuide/sqs-basic-architecture.html) Amazon Simple Queue Service 
+  Amazon Simple Queue Service API 參考中的 [SendMessage](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSSimpleQueueService/latest/APIReference/API_SendMessage.html) 
+  Amazon Simple Queue Service API 參考中的 [SendMessageBatch](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSSimpleQueueService/latest/APIReference/API_SendMessageBatch.html) 
+  Amazon Simple Queue Service API 參考中的 [ReceiveMessage](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSSimpleQueueService/latest/APIReference/API_ReceiveMessage.html) 
+  Amazon Simple Queue Service API 參考中的 [DeleteMessage](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSSimpleQueueService/latest/APIReference/API_DeleteMessage.html)