範例 1：建立父子 Runbook - AWS Systems Manager
建立子系 Runbook建立父系 Runbook

本文為英文版的機器翻譯版本，如內容有任何歧義或不一致之處，概以英文版為準。

範例 1：建立父子 Runbook

以下範例演示如何建立兩個 Runbook，以分階段修補加上標籤的 Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) 執行個體群組。這些 Runbook 用於父子關係中，其中父系 Runbook 用來起始子系 Runbook 的速率控制自動化。如需速率控制自動化的詳細資訊，請參閱 大規模執行自動化作業。如需此範例中所使用自動化動作的詳細資訊，請參閱 Systems Manager Automation 動作參考。

建立子系 Runbook

此範例 Runbook 會處理以下案例。Emily 是 AnyCompany Consultants, LLC 的系統工程師。她需要針對託管主要和次要資料庫的 Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) 執行個體群組設定修補。應用程式每天 24 小時存取這些資料庫，因此其中一個資料庫執行個體必須永遠可用。

她認為分階段修補執行個體是最好的方法。先修補資料庫執行個體的主要群組，然後再修補資料庫執行個體的次要群組。此外，為了避免讓先前停用的執行個體因執行而產生額外的成本，Emily 希望修補的執行個體在修補發生之前恢復到原始狀態。

Emily 透過與執行個體相關聯的標籤來識別資料庫執行個體的主要和次要群組。她決定建立啟動子系 Runbook 速率控制自動化的父系 Runbook。透過如此操作，她可以鎖定與資料庫執行個體之主要和次要群組相關聯的標籤，並管理子系自動化的並行性。在檢閱可用 Systems Manager (SSM) 文件以進行修補之後，她選擇 AWS-RunPatchBaseline 文件。透過使用此 SSM 文件，她的同事可以在修補操作完成後，檢閱相關聯的修補程式合規資訊。

若要開始建立她的 Runbook 內容，Emily 會檢閱可用的自動化動作，並開始撰寫子系 Runbook 的內容，如下所示：

  1. 首先，她提供 Runbook 結構描述和描述的值，並定義子系 Runbook 的輸入參數。

    透過使用 AutomationAssumeRole 參數，Emily 和她的同事可以使用現有 IAM 角色，允許 Automation 代表他們執行 Runbook 中的動作。Emily 使用 InstanceId 參數來決定應該修補的執行個體。(選用) Operation、RebootOption 和 SnapshotId 參數可以用來提供值來記錄 AWS-RunPatchBaseline 的文件參數。為了防止提供無效值給這些文件參數，她會視需要定義 allowedValues。

    YAML
    schemaVersion: '0.3'
description: 'An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.'
assumeRole: '{{AutomationAssumeRole}}'
parameters:
  AutomationAssumeRole:
    type: String
    description: >-
      '(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the
      actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager
      Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'
    default: ''
  InstanceId:
    type: String
    description: >-
      '(Required) The instance you want to patch.'
  SnapshotId:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.'
    default: ''
  RebootOption:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.'
    allowedValues:
      - NoReboot
      - RebootIfNeeded
    default: RebootIfNeeded
  Operation:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.'
    allowedValues:
      - Install
      - Scan
    default: Install
    JSON
    {
   "schemaVersion":"0.3",
   "description":"An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.",
   "assumeRole":"{{AutomationAssumeRole}}",
   "parameters":{
      "AutomationAssumeRole":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.",
         "default":""
      },
      "InstanceId":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Required) The instance you want to patch."
      },
      "SnapshotId":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.",
         "default":""
      },
      "RebootOption":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.",
         "allowedValues":[
            "NoReboot",
            "RebootIfNeeded"
         ],
         "default":"RebootIfNeeded"
      },
      "Operation":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.",
         "allowedValues":[
            "Install",
            "Scan"
         ],
         "default":"Install"
      }
   }
},

  2. 定義頂層元素後，Emily 會繼續撰寫構成 Runbook mainSteps 的動作。第一個步驟會輸出目標執行個體的目前狀態，而執行個體是使用 aws:executeAwsApi 動作在 InstanceId 輸入參數中指定的。此動作的輸出會用於稍後的動作。

    YAML
    mainSteps:
  - name: getInstanceState
    action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: DescribeInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
    outputs:
      - Name: instanceState
        Selector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
        Type: String
    nextStep: branchOnInstanceState
    JSON
    "mainSteps":[
      {
         "name":"getInstanceState",
         "action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "inputs":null,
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"DescribeInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ]
         },
         "outputs":[
            {
               "Name":"instanceState",
               "Selector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
               "Type":"String"
            }
         ],
         "nextStep":"branchOnInstanceState"
      },

  3. Emily 不是手動啟動和追蹤需要修補之每個執行個體的原始狀態，而是使用上一個動作的輸出，根據目標執行個體的狀態分支自動化。這樣可讓自動化執行不同的步驟，取決於 aws:branch 動作中定義的條件，並提高自動化的整體效率，而無需人工介入。

    如果執行個體的狀態已經是 running，則自動化會繼續使用 aws:runCommand 動作修補具有 AWS-RunPatchBaseline 文件的執行個體。

    如果執行個體的狀態為 stopping，使用 aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty 動作讓執行個體的自動化輪詢達到 stopped 狀態，使用 executeAwsApi 動作啟動執行個體，對執行個體進行輪詢以達到 running 狀態，然後再修補執行個體。

    如果執行個體的狀態為 stopped，則使用相同的動作，在修補執行個體前，自動化會啟動執行個體並對其進行輪詢，以達到 running 狀態。

    YAML
    - name: branchOnInstanceState
    action: 'aws:branch'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Choices:
        - NextStep: startInstance
           Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
           StringEquals: stopped
         - NextStep: verifyInstanceStopped
           Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
           StringEquals: stopping
         - NextStep: patchInstance
           Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
           StringEquals: running
    isEnd: true
  - name: startInstance
    action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: StartInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
    nextStep: verifyInstanceRunning
  - name: verifyInstanceRunning
    action: 'aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty'
    timeoutSeconds: 120
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: DescribeInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
      PropertySelector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
      DesiredValues:
        - running
    nextStep: patchInstance
  - name: verifyInstanceStopped
    action: 'aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty'
    timeoutSeconds: 120
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: DescribeInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
      PropertySelector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
      DesiredValues:
        - stopped
      nextStep: startInstance
  - name: patchInstance
    action: 'aws:runCommand'
    onFailure: Abort
    timeoutSeconds: 5400
    inputs:
      DocumentName: 'AWS-RunPatchBaseline'
      InstanceIds: 
      - '{{InstanceId}}'
      Parameters:
        SnapshotId: '{{SnapshotId}}'
        RebootOption: '{{RebootOption}}'
        Operation: '{{Operation}}'
    JSON
    {
         "name":"branchOnInstanceState",
         "action":"aws:branch",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Choices":[
               {
                  "NextStep":"startInstance",
                  "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                  "StringEquals":"stopped"
               },
               {
                  "Or":[
                     {
                        "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                        "StringEquals":"stopping"
                     }
                  ],
                  "NextStep":"verifyInstanceStopped"
               },
               {
                  "NextStep":"patchInstance",
                  "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                  "StringEquals":"running"
               }
            ]
         },
         "isEnd":true
      },
      {
         "name":"startInstance",
         "action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"StartInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ]
         },
         "nextStep":"verifyInstanceRunning"
      },
      {
         "name":"verifyInstanceRunning",
         "action":"aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
         "timeoutSeconds":120,
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"DescribeInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ],
            "PropertySelector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
            "DesiredValues":[
               "running"
            ]
         },
         "nextStep":"patchInstance"
      },
      {
         "name":"verifyInstanceStopped",
         "action":"aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
         "timeoutSeconds":120,
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"DescribeInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ],
            "PropertySelector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
            "DesiredValues":[
               "stopped"
            ],
            "nextStep":"startInstance"
         }
      },
      {
         "name":"patchInstance",
         "action":"aws:runCommand",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "timeoutSeconds":5400,
         "inputs":{
            "DocumentName":"AWS-RunPatchBaseline",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ],
            "Parameters":{
               "SnapshotId":"{{SnapshotId}}",
               "RebootOption":"{{RebootOption}}",
               "Operation":"{{Operation}}"
            }
         }
      },

  4. 修補操作完成之後，Emily 想要自動化將目標執行個體恢復到自動化開始之前的相同狀態。她透過再次使用第一個動作的輸出，完成此操作。使用 aws:branch 動作，自動化會根據目標執行個體的原始狀態進行分支。如果執行個體先前處於除了 running 以外的任何狀態，則執行個體會停止。否則，如果執行個體狀態為 running，則自動化會結束。

    YAML
    - name: branchOnOriginalInstanceState
    action: 'aws:branch'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Choices:
        - NextStep: stopInstance
          Not: 
            Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
            StringEquals: running
    isEnd: true
  - name: stopInstance
    action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: StopInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
    JSON
    {
         "name":"branchOnOriginalInstanceState",
         "action":"aws:branch",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Choices":[
               {
                  "NextStep":"stopInstance",
                  "Not":{
                     "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                     "StringEquals":"running"
                  }
               }
            ]
         },
         "isEnd":true
      },
      {
         "name":"stopInstance",
         "action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"StopInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ]
         }
      }
   ]
}

  5. Emily 檢閱已完成的子系 Runbook 內容，並在與目標執行個體相同的 AWS 帳戶 和 AWS 區域 中建立 Runbook。現在，她已準備好繼續建立父系 Runbook 的內容。以下是已完成的子系 Runbook 內容。

    YAML
    schemaVersion: '0.3'
description: 'An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.'
assumeRole: '{{AutomationAssumeRole}}'
parameters:
  AutomationAssumeRole:
    type: String
    description: >-
      '(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the
      actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager
      Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'
    default: ''
  InstanceId:
    type: String
    description: >-
      '(Required) The instance you want to patch.'
  SnapshotId:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.'
    default: ''
  RebootOption:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.'
    allowedValues:
      - NoReboot
      - RebootIfNeeded
    default: RebootIfNeeded
  Operation:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.'
    allowedValues:
      - Install
      - Scan
    default: Install
mainSteps:
  - name: getInstanceState
    action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: DescribeInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
    outputs:
      - Name: instanceState
        Selector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
        Type: String
    nextStep: branchOnInstanceState
  - name: branchOnInstanceState
    action: 'aws:branch'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Choices:
        - NextStep: startInstance
          Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
          StringEquals: stopped
        - Or:
            - Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
              StringEquals: stopping
          NextStep: verifyInstanceStopped
        - NextStep: patchInstance
          Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
          StringEquals: running
    isEnd: true
  - name: startInstance
    action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: StartInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
    nextStep: verifyInstanceRunning
  - name: verifyInstanceRunning
    action: 'aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty'
    timeoutSeconds: 120
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: DescribeInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
      PropertySelector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
      DesiredValues:
        - running
    nextStep: patchInstance
  - name: verifyInstanceStopped
    action: 'aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty'
    timeoutSeconds: 120
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: DescribeInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
      PropertySelector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
      DesiredValues:
        - stopped
      nextStep: startInstance
  - name: patchInstance
    action: 'aws:runCommand'
    onFailure: Abort
    timeoutSeconds: 5400
    inputs:
      DocumentName: 'AWS-RunPatchBaseline'
      InstanceIds: 
      - '{{InstanceId}}'
      Parameters:
        SnapshotId: '{{SnapshotId}}'
        RebootOption: '{{RebootOption}}'
        Operation: '{{Operation}}'
  - name: branchOnOriginalInstanceState
    action: 'aws:branch'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Choices:
        - NextStep: stopInstance
          Not: 
            Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
            StringEquals: running
    isEnd: true
  - name: stopInstance
    action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: StopInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
    JSON
    {
   "schemaVersion":"0.3",
   "description":"An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.",
   "assumeRole":"{{AutomationAssumeRole}}",
   "parameters":{
      "AutomationAssumeRole":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"'(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'",
         "default":""
      },
      "InstanceId":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"'(Required) The instance you want to patch.'"
      },
      "SnapshotId":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.",
         "default":""
      },
      "RebootOption":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.",
         "allowedValues":[
            "NoReboot",
            "RebootIfNeeded"
         ],
         "default":"RebootIfNeeded"
      },
      "Operation":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.",
         "allowedValues":[
            "Install",
            "Scan"
         ],
         "default":"Install"
      }
   },
   "mainSteps":[
      {
         "name":"getInstanceState",
         "action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "inputs":null,
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"DescribeInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ]
         },
         "outputs":[
            {
               "Name":"instanceState",
               "Selector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
               "Type":"String"
            }
         ],
         "nextStep":"branchOnInstanceState"
      },
      {
         "name":"branchOnInstanceState",
         "action":"aws:branch",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Choices":[
               {
                  "NextStep":"startInstance",
                  "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                  "StringEquals":"stopped"
               },
               {
                  "Or":[
                     {
                        "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                        "StringEquals":"stopping"
                     }
                  ],
                  "NextStep":"verifyInstanceStopped"
               },
               {
                  "NextStep":"patchInstance",
                  "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                  "StringEquals":"running"
               }
            ]
         },
         "isEnd":true
      },
      {
         "name":"startInstance",
         "action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"StartInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ]
         },
         "nextStep":"verifyInstanceRunning"
      },
      {
         "name":"verifyInstanceRunning",
         "action":"aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
         "timeoutSeconds":120,
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"DescribeInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ],
            "PropertySelector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
            "DesiredValues":[
               "running"
            ]
         },
         "nextStep":"patchInstance"
      },
      {
         "name":"verifyInstanceStopped",
         "action":"aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
         "timeoutSeconds":120,
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"DescribeInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ],
            "PropertySelector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
            "DesiredValues":[
               "stopped"
            ],
            "nextStep":"startInstance"
         }
      },
      {
         "name":"patchInstance",
         "action":"aws:runCommand",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "timeoutSeconds":5400,
         "inputs":{
            "DocumentName":"AWS-RunPatchBaseline",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ],
            "Parameters":{
               "SnapshotId":"{{SnapshotId}}",
               "RebootOption":"{{RebootOption}}",
               "Operation":"{{Operation}}"
            }
         }
      },
      {
         "name":"branchOnOriginalInstanceState",
         "action":"aws:branch",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Choices":[
               {
                  "NextStep":"stopInstance",
                  "Not":{
                     "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                     "StringEquals":"running"
                  }
               }
            ]
         },
         "isEnd":true
      },
      {
         "name":"stopInstance",
         "action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"StopInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ]
         }
      }
   ]
}

如需此範例中所使用自動化動作的詳細資訊，請參閱 Systems Manager Automation 動作參考。

建立父系 Runbook

此範例 Runbook 會繼續上一節所述的案例。現在 Emily 已經建立子系 Runbook，她開始撰寫父系 Runbook 的內容，如下所示：

  1. 首先，她提供 Runbook 結構描述和描述的值，並定義父系 Runbook 的輸入參數。

    透過使用 AutomationAssumeRole 參數，Emily 和她的同事可以使用現有 IAM 角色，允許 Automation 代表他們執行 Runbook 中的動作。Emily 使用 PatchGroupPrimaryKey 和 PatchGroupPrimaryValue 參數來指定與要修補之資料庫執行個體主要群組相關聯的標籤。她使用 PatchGroupSecondaryKey 和 PatchGroupSecondaryValue 參數來指定與要修補之資料庫執行個體次要群組相關聯的標籤。

    YAML
    description: 'An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.'
schemaVersion: '0.3'
assumeRole: '{{AutomationAssumeRole}}'
parameters:
  AutomationAssumeRole:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'
    default: ''
  PatchGroupPrimaryKey:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The key of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch.''
  PatchGroupPrimaryValue:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The value of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch.'
  PatchGroupSecondaryKey:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The key of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch.'
  PatchGroupSecondaryValue:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The value of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch.'
    JSON
    {
   "schemaVersion": "0.3",
   "description": "An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.",
   "assumeRole": "{{AutomationAssumeRole}}",
   "parameters": {
      "AutomationAssumeRole": {
         "type": "String",
         "description": "(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.",
         "default": ""
      },
      "PatchGroupPrimaryKey": {
         "type": "String",
         "description": "(Required) The key of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch."
      },
      "PatchGroupPrimaryValue": {
         "type": "String",
         "description": "(Required) The value of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch."
      },
      "PatchGroupSecondaryKey": {
         "type": "String",
         "description": "(Required) The key of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch."
      },
      "PatchGroupSecondaryValue": {
         "type": "String",
         "description": "(Required) The value of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch."
      }
   }
},

  2. 定義頂層元素後，Emily 會繼續撰寫構成 Runbook mainSteps 的動作。

    第一個動作會使用她剛才建立的、以與 PatchGroupPrimaryKey 和 PatchGroupPrimaryValue 輸入參數中指定標籤關聯之執行個體為目標的子系 Runbook，啟動速率控制自動化。她使用提供給輸入參數的值來指定與要修補之資料庫執行個體主要群組相關聯的標籤索引鍵和值。

    第一個自動化完成之後，第二個動作會使用以與 PatchGroupSecondaryKey 和 PatchGroupSecondaryValue 輸入參數中指定標籤關聯之執行個體為目標的子系 Runbook 啟動另一個速率控制自動化。她使用提供給輸入參數的值來指定與要修補之資料庫執行個體次要群組相關聯的標籤索引鍵和值。

    YAML
    mainSteps:
  - name: patchPrimaryTargets
    action: 'aws:executeAutomation'
    onFailure: Abort
    timeoutSeconds: 7200
    inputs:
      DocumentName: RunbookTutorialChildAutomation
      Targets:
        - Key: 'tag:{{PatchGroupPrimaryKey}}'
          Values:
            - '{{PatchGroupPrimaryValue}}'
      TargetParameterName: 'InstanceId'
  - name: patchSecondaryTargets
    action: 'aws:executeAutomation'
    onFailure: Abort
    timeoutSeconds: 7200
    inputs:
      DocumentName: RunbookTutorialChildAutomation
      Targets:
        - Key: 'tag:{{PatchGroupSecondaryKey}}'
          Values:
            - '{{PatchGroupSecondaryValue}}'
      TargetParameterName: 'InstanceId'
    JSON
    "mainSteps":[
      {
         "name":"patchPrimaryTargets",
         "action":"aws:executeAutomation",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "timeoutSeconds":7200,
         "inputs":{
            "DocumentName":"RunbookTutorialChildAutomation",
            "Targets":[
               {
                  "Key":"tag:{{PatchGroupPrimaryKey}}",
                  "Values":[
                     "{{PatchGroupPrimaryValue}}"
                  ]
               }
            ],
            "TargetParameterName":"InstanceId"
         }
      },
      {
         "name":"patchSecondaryTargets",
         "action":"aws:executeAutomation",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "timeoutSeconds":7200,
         "inputs":{
            "DocumentName":"RunbookTutorialChildAutomation",
            "Targets":[
               {
                  "Key":"tag:{{PatchGroupSecondaryKey}}",
                  "Values":[
                     "{{PatchGroupSecondaryValue}}"
                  ]
               }
            ],
            "TargetParameterName":"InstanceId"
         }
      }
   ]
}

  3. Emily 檢閱已完成的父系 Runbook 內容，並在與目標執行個體相同的 AWS 帳戶 和 AWS 區域 中建立 Runbook。現在，她已經準備好測試她的 Runbook，以確保自動化能夠依需要操作，然後再將其實作到她的生產環境中。以下是已完成的父系 Runbook 內容。

    YAML
    description: An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.
schemaVersion: '0.3'
assumeRole: '{{AutomationAssumeRole}}'
parameters:
  AutomationAssumeRole:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'
    default: ''
  PatchGroupPrimaryKey:
    type: String
    description: (Required) The key of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch.
  PatchGroupPrimaryValue:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The value of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch. '
  PatchGroupSecondaryKey:
    type: String
    description: (Required) The key of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch.
  PatchGroupSecondaryValue:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The value of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch.  '
mainSteps:
  - name: patchPrimaryTargets
    action: 'aws:executeAutomation'
    onFailure: Abort
    timeoutSeconds: 7200
    inputs:
      DocumentName: RunbookTutorialChildAutomation
      Targets:
        - Key: 'tag:{{PatchGroupPrimaryKey}}'
          Values:
            - '{{PatchGroupPrimaryValue}}'
      TargetParameterName: 'InstanceId'
  - name: patchSecondaryTargets
    action: 'aws:executeAutomation'
    onFailure: Abort
    timeoutSeconds: 7200
    inputs:
      DocumentName: RunbookTutorialChildAutomation
      Targets:
        - Key: 'tag:{{PatchGroupSecondaryKey}}'
          Values:
            - '{{PatchGroupSecondaryValue}}'
      TargetParameterName: 'InstanceId'
    JSON
    {
   "description":"An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.",
   "schemaVersion":"0.3",
   "assumeRole":"{{AutomationAssumeRole}}",
   "parameters":{
      "AutomationAssumeRole":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.",
         "default":""
      },
      "PatchGroupPrimaryKey":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Required) The key of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch."
      },
      "PatchGroupPrimaryValue":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Required) The value of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch. "
      },
      "PatchGroupSecondaryKey":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Required) The key of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch."
      },
      "PatchGroupSecondaryValue":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Required) The value of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch.  "
      }
   },
   "mainSteps":[
      {
         "name":"patchPrimaryTargets",
         "action":"aws:executeAutomation",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "timeoutSeconds":7200,
         "inputs":{
            "DocumentName":"RunbookTutorialChildAutomation",
            "Targets":[
               {
                  "Key":"tag:{{PatchGroupPrimaryKey}}",
                  "Values":[
                     "{{PatchGroupPrimaryValue}}"
                  ]
               }
            ],
            "TargetParameterName":"InstanceId"
         }
      },
      {
         "name":"patchSecondaryTargets",
         "action":"aws:executeAutomation",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "timeoutSeconds":7200,
         "inputs":{
            "DocumentName":"RunbookTutorialChildAutomation",
            "Targets":[
               {
                  "Key":"tag:{{PatchGroupSecondaryKey}}",
                  "Values":[
                     "{{PatchGroupSecondaryValue}}"
                  ]
               }
            ],
            "TargetParameterName":"InstanceId"
         }
      }
   ]
}

如需此範例中所使用自動化動作的詳細資訊，請參閱 Systems Manager Automation 動作參考。