AWS Glue examples using SDK for Java 2.x

package com.example.glue;

import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.glue.GlueClient;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.glue.model.ListJobsRequest;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.glue.model.ListJobsResponse;
import java.util.List;

public class HelloGlue {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        GlueClient glueClient = GlueClient.builder()
                .region(Region.US_EAST_1)
                .build();

        listJobs(glueClient);
    }

    public static void listJobs(GlueClient glueClient) {
        ListJobsRequest request = ListJobsRequest.builder()
                .maxResults(10)
                .build();
        ListJobsResponse response = glueClient.listJobs(request);
        List<String> jobList = response.jobNames();
        jobList.forEach(job -> {
            System.out.println("Job Name: " + job);
        });
    }
}

/**
 * Before running this Java V2 code example, set up your development
 * environment, including your credentials.
 * <p>
 * For more information, see the following documentation topic:
 *
 * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/get-started.html
 *
 * To set up the resources, see this documentation topic:
 *
 * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/glue/latest/ug/tutorial-add-crawler.html
 *
 * This example performs the following tasks:
 *
 * 1. Create a database.
 * 2. Create a crawler.
 * 3. Get a crawler.
 * 4. Start a crawler.
 * 5. Get a database.
 * 6. Get tables.
 * 7. Create a job.
 * 8. Start a job run.
 * 9. List all jobs.
 * 10. Get job runs.
 * 11. Delete a job.
 * 12. Delete a database.
 * 13. Delete a crawler.
 */

public class GlueScenario {
    public static final String DASHES = new String(new char[80]).replace("\0", "-");

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        final String usage = """

            Usage:
                <iam> <s3Path> <cron> <dbName> <crawlerName> <jobName> <scriptLocation> <locationUri> <bucketNameSc>\s

            Where:
                iam - The ARN of the IAM role that has AWS Glue and S3 permissions.\s
                s3Path - The Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) target that contains data (for example, s3://<bucket name>/read).
                cron - A cron expression used to specify the schedule  (i.e., cron(15 12 * * ? *).
                dbName - The database name.\s
                crawlerName - The name of the crawler.\s
                jobName - The name you assign to this job definition.
                scriptLocation - The Amazon S3 path to a script that runs a job.
                locationUri - The location of the database (you can find this file in resources folder).
                bucketNameSc - The Amazon S3 bucket name used when creating a job
                """;

        if (args.length != 9) {
            System.out.println(usage);
            return;
        }
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String iam = args[0];
        String s3Path = args[1];
        String cron = args[2];
        String dbName = args[3];
        String crawlerName = args[4];
        String jobName = args[5];
        String scriptLocation = args[6];
        String locationUri = args[7];
        String bucketNameSc = args[8];

        Region region = Region.US_EAST_1;
        GlueClient glueClient = GlueClient.builder()
            .region(region)
            .build();
        System.out.println(DASHES);
        System.out.println("Welcome to the AWS Glue scenario.");
        System.out.println("""
            AWS Glue is a fully managed extract, transform, and load (ETL) service provided by Amazon 
            Web Services (AWS). It is designed to simplify the process of building, running, and maintaining 
            ETL pipelines, which are essential for data integration and data warehousing tasks.
                        
            One of the key features of AWS Glue is its ability to automatically discover and catalog data 
            stored in various sources, such as Amazon S3, Amazon RDS, Amazon Redshift, and other databases. 
            This cataloging process creates a central metadata repository, known as the AWS Glue Data Catalog, 
            which provides a unified view of an organization's data assets. This metadata can then be used to 
            create ETL jobs, which can be scheduled and run on-demand or on a regular basis.
                        
            Lets get started.          
                         
            """);
        waitForInputToContinue(scanner);
        System.out.println(DASHES);

        System.out.println(DASHES);
        System.out.println("1. Create a database.");
        try {
            createDatabase(glueClient, dbName, locationUri);
        } catch (GlueException e) {
            if (e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage().equals("Database already exists.")) {
                System.out.println("Database " + dbName + " already exists. Skipping creation.");
            } else {
                System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
                return;
            }
        }

        waitForInputToContinue(scanner);
        System.out.println(DASHES);

        System.out.println(DASHES);
        System.out.println("2. Create a crawler.");
        try {
            createGlueCrawler(glueClient, iam, s3Path, cron, dbName, crawlerName);
        } catch (GlueException e) {
            if (e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage().contains("already exists")) {
                System.out.println("Crawler " + crawlerName + " already exists. Skipping creation.");
            } else {
                System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
                System.exit(1);
            }
        }
        waitForInputToContinue(scanner);
        System.out.println(DASHES);

        System.out.println(DASHES);
        System.out.println("3. Get a crawler.");
        try {
            getSpecificCrawler(glueClient, crawlerName);
        } catch (GlueException e) {
            System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
            return;
        }
        waitForInputToContinue(scanner);
        System.out.println(DASHES);

        System.out.println(DASHES);
        System.out.println("4. Start a crawler.");
        try {
            startSpecificCrawler(glueClient, crawlerName);
        } catch (GlueException e) {
            System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
            return;
        }
        waitForInputToContinue(scanner);
        System.out.println(DASHES);

        System.out.println(DASHES);
        System.out.println("5. Get a database.");
        try {
            getSpecificDatabase(glueClient, dbName);
        } catch (GlueException e) {
            System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
            return;
        }
        waitForInputToContinue(scanner);
        System.out.println(DASHES);

        System.out.println(DASHES);
        System.out.println("*** Wait 5 min for the tables to become available");
        TimeUnit.MINUTES.sleep(5);
        System.out.println("6. Get tables.");
        String myTableName;
        try {
            myTableName = getGlueTables(glueClient, dbName);
        } catch (GlueException e) {
            System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
            return;
        }
        waitForInputToContinue(scanner);
        System.out.println(DASHES);

        System.out.println(DASHES);
        System.out.println("7. Create a job.");
        try {
            createJob(glueClient, jobName, iam, scriptLocation);
        } catch (GlueException e) {
            System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
            return;
        }
        waitForInputToContinue(scanner);
        System.out.println(DASHES);

        System.out.println(DASHES);
        System.out.println("8. Start a Job run.");
        try {
            startJob(glueClient, jobName, dbName, myTableName, bucketNameSc);
        } catch (GlueException e) {
            System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
            return;
        }
        waitForInputToContinue(scanner);
        System.out.println(DASHES);

        System.out.println(DASHES);
        System.out.println("9. List all jobs.");
        try {
            getAllJobs(glueClient);
        } catch (GlueException e) {
            System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
            return;
        }
        waitForInputToContinue(scanner);
        System.out.println(DASHES);

        System.out.println(DASHES);
        System.out.println("10. Get job runs.");
        try {
            getJobRuns(glueClient, jobName);
        } catch (GlueException e) {
            System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
            return;
        }
        waitForInputToContinue(scanner);
        System.out.println(DASHES);

        System.out.println(DASHES);
        System.out.println("11. Delete a job.");
        try {
            deleteJob(glueClient, jobName);
        } catch (GlueException e) {
            System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
            return;
        }
        System.out.println("*** Wait 5 MIN for the " + crawlerName + " to stop");
        TimeUnit.MINUTES.sleep(5);
        waitForInputToContinue(scanner);
        System.out.println(DASHES);

        System.out.println(DASHES);
        System.out.println("12. Delete a database.");
        try {
            deleteDatabase(glueClient, dbName);
        } catch (GlueException e) {
            System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
            return;
        }
        waitForInputToContinue(scanner);
        System.out.println(DASHES);

        System.out.println(DASHES);
        System.out.println("Delete a crawler.");
        try {
            deleteSpecificCrawler(glueClient, crawlerName);
        } catch (GlueException e) {
            System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage());
            return;
        }
        waitForInputToContinue(scanner);
        System.out.println(DASHES);

        System.out.println(DASHES);
        System.out.println("Successfully completed the AWS Glue Scenario");
        System.out.println(DASHES);
    }


    /**
     * Creates a Glue database with the specified name and location URI.
     *
     * @param glueClient  The Glue client to use for the database creation.
     * @param dbName      The name of the database to create.
     * @param locationUri The location URI for the database.
     */
    public static void createDatabase(GlueClient glueClient, String dbName, String locationUri) {
        try {
            DatabaseInput input = DatabaseInput.builder()
                .description("Built with the AWS SDK for Java V2")
                .name(dbName)
                .locationUri(locationUri)
                .build();

            CreateDatabaseRequest request = CreateDatabaseRequest.builder()
                .databaseInput(input)
                .build();

            glueClient.createDatabase(request);
            System.out.println(dbName + " was successfully created");

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }


    /**
     * Creates a new AWS Glue crawler using the AWS Glue Java API.
     *
     * @param glueClient  the AWS Glue client used to interact with the AWS Glue service
     * @param iam         the IAM role that the crawler will use to access the data source
     * @param s3Path      the S3 path that the crawler will scan for data
     * @param cron        the cron expression that defines the crawler's schedule
     * @param dbName      the name of the AWS Glue database where the crawler will store the metadata
     * @param crawlerName the name of the crawler to be created
     */
    public static void createGlueCrawler(GlueClient glueClient,
                                         String iam,
                                         String s3Path,
                                         String cron,
                                         String dbName,
                                         String crawlerName) {

        try {
            S3Target s3Target = S3Target.builder()
                .path(s3Path)
                .build();

            List<S3Target> targetList = new ArrayList<>();
            targetList.add(s3Target);
            CrawlerTargets targets = CrawlerTargets.builder()
                .s3Targets(targetList)
                .build();

            CreateCrawlerRequest crawlerRequest = CreateCrawlerRequest.builder()
                .databaseName(dbName)
                .name(crawlerName)
                .description("Created by the AWS Glue Java API")
                .targets(targets)
                .role(iam)
                .schedule(cron)
                .build();

            glueClient.createCrawler(crawlerRequest);
            System.out.println(crawlerName + " was successfully created");

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves a specific crawler from the AWS Glue service and waits for it to be in the "READY" state.
     *
     * @param glueClient  the AWS Glue client used to interact with the Glue service
     * @param crawlerName the name of the crawler to be retrieved
     */
    public static void getSpecificCrawler(GlueClient glueClient, String crawlerName) throws InterruptedException {
        try {
            GetCrawlerRequest crawlerRequest = GetCrawlerRequest.builder()
                .name(crawlerName)
                .build();

            boolean ready = false;
            while (!ready) {
                GetCrawlerResponse response = glueClient.getCrawler(crawlerRequest);
                String status = response.crawler().stateAsString();
                if (status.compareTo("READY") == 0) {
                    ready = true;
                }
                Thread.sleep(3000);
            }

            System.out.println("The crawler is now ready");

        } catch (GlueException | InterruptedException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Starts a specific AWS Glue crawler.
     *
     * @param glueClient  the AWS Glue client to use for the crawler operation
     * @param crawlerName the name of the crawler to start
     * @throws GlueException if there is an error starting the crawler
     */
    public static void startSpecificCrawler(GlueClient glueClient, String crawlerName) {
        try {
            StartCrawlerRequest crawlerRequest = StartCrawlerRequest.builder()
                .name(crawlerName)
                .build();

            glueClient.startCrawler(crawlerRequest);
            System.out.println(crawlerName + " was successfully started!");

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves the specific database from the AWS Glue service.
     *
     * @param glueClient   an instance of the AWS Glue client used to interact with the service
     * @param databaseName the name of the database to retrieve
     * @throws GlueException if there is an error retrieving the database from the AWS Glue service
     */
    public static void getSpecificDatabase(GlueClient glueClient, String databaseName) {
        try {
            GetDatabaseRequest databasesRequest = GetDatabaseRequest.builder()
                .name(databaseName)
                .build();

            GetDatabaseResponse response = glueClient.getDatabase(databasesRequest);
            Instant createDate = response.database().createTime();

            // Convert the Instant to readable date.
            DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofLocalizedDateTime(FormatStyle.SHORT)
                .withLocale(Locale.US)
                .withZone(ZoneId.systemDefault());

            formatter.format(createDate);
            System.out.println("The create date of the database is " + createDate);

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }


    /**
     * Retrieves the names of the tables in the specified Glue database.
     *
     * @param glueClient the Glue client to use for the operation
     * @param dbName     the name of the Glue database to retrieve the table names from
     * @return the name of the first table retrieved, or an empty string if no tables were found
     */
    public static String getGlueTables(GlueClient glueClient, String dbName) {
        String myTableName = "";
        try {
            GetTablesRequest tableRequest = GetTablesRequest.builder()
                .databaseName(dbName)
                .build();

            GetTablesResponse response = glueClient.getTables(tableRequest);
            List<Table> tables = response.tableList();
            if (tables.isEmpty()) {
                System.out.println("No tables were returned");
            } else {
                for (Table table : tables) {
                    myTableName = table.name();
                    System.out.println("Table name is: " + myTableName);
                }
            }

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
        return myTableName;
    }


    /**
     * Starts a job run in AWS Glue.
     *
     * @param glueClient    the AWS Glue client to use for the job run
     * @param jobName       the name of the Glue job to run
     * @param inputDatabase the name of the input database
     * @param inputTable    the name of the input table
     * @param outBucket     the URL of the output S3 bucket
     * @throws GlueException if there is an error starting the job run
     */
    public static void startJob(GlueClient glueClient, String jobName, String inputDatabase, String inputTable,
                                String outBucket) {
        try {
            Map<String, String> myMap = new HashMap<>();
            myMap.put("--input_database", inputDatabase);
            myMap.put("--input_table", inputTable);
            myMap.put("--output_bucket_url", outBucket);

            StartJobRunRequest runRequest = StartJobRunRequest.builder()
                .workerType(WorkerType.G_1_X)
                .numberOfWorkers(10)
                .arguments(myMap)
                .jobName(jobName)
                .build();

            StartJobRunResponse response = glueClient.startJobRun(runRequest);
            System.out.println("The request Id of the job is " + response.responseMetadata().requestId());

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }


    /**
     * Creates a new AWS Glue job.
     *
     * @param glueClient     the AWS Glue client to use for the operation
     * @param jobName        the name of the job to create
     * @param iam            the IAM role to associate with the job
     * @param scriptLocation the location of the script to be used by the job
     * @throws GlueException if there is an error creating the job
     */
    public static void createJob(GlueClient glueClient, String jobName, String iam, String scriptLocation) {
        try {
            JobCommand command = JobCommand.builder()
                .pythonVersion("3")
                .name("glueetl")
                .scriptLocation(scriptLocation)
                .build();

            CreateJobRequest jobRequest = CreateJobRequest.builder()
                .description("A Job created by using the AWS SDK for Java V2")
                .glueVersion("2.0")
                .workerType(WorkerType.G_1_X)
                .numberOfWorkers(10)
                .name(jobName)
                .role(iam)
                .command(command)
                .build();

            glueClient.createJob(jobRequest);
            System.out.println(jobName + " was successfully created.");

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }


    /**
     * Retrieves and prints information about all the jobs in the Glue data catalog.
     *
     * @param glueClient the Glue client used to interact with the AWS Glue service
     */
    public static void getAllJobs(GlueClient glueClient) {
        try {
            GetJobsRequest jobsRequest = GetJobsRequest.builder()
                .maxResults(10)
                .build();

            GetJobsResponse jobsResponse = glueClient.getJobs(jobsRequest);
            List<Job> jobs = jobsResponse.jobs();
            for (Job job : jobs) {
                System.out.println("Job name is : " + job.name());
                System.out.println("The job worker type is : " + job.workerType().name());
            }

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves the job runs for a given Glue job and prints the status of the job runs.
     *
     * @param glueClient the Glue client used to make API calls
     * @param jobName    the name of the Glue job to retrieve the job runs for
     */
    public static void getJobRuns(GlueClient glueClient, String jobName) {
        try {
            GetJobRunsRequest runsRequest = GetJobRunsRequest.builder()
                .jobName(jobName)
                .maxResults(20)
                .build();

            boolean jobDone = false;
            while (!jobDone) {
                GetJobRunsResponse response = glueClient.getJobRuns(runsRequest);
                List<JobRun> jobRuns = response.jobRuns();
                for (JobRun jobRun : jobRuns) {
                    String jobState = jobRun.jobRunState().name();
                    if (jobState.compareTo("SUCCEEDED") == 0) {
                        System.out.println(jobName + " has succeeded");
                        jobDone = true;

                    } else if (jobState.compareTo("STOPPED") == 0) {
                        System.out.println("Job run has stopped");
                        jobDone = true;

                    } else if (jobState.compareTo("FAILED") == 0) {
                        System.out.println("Job run has failed");
                        jobDone = true;

                    } else if (jobState.compareTo("TIMEOUT") == 0) {
                        System.out.println("Job run has timed out");
                        jobDone = true;

                    } else {
                        System.out.println("*** Job run state is " + jobRun.jobRunState().name());
                        System.out.println("Job run Id is " + jobRun.id());
                        System.out.println("The Glue version is " + jobRun.glueVersion());
                    }
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);
                }
            }

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }


    /**
     * Deletes a Glue job.
     *
     * @param glueClient the Glue client to use for the operation
     * @param jobName    the name of the job to be deleted
     * @throws GlueException if there is an error deleting the job
     */
    public static void deleteJob(GlueClient glueClient, String jobName) {
        try {
            DeleteJobRequest jobRequest = DeleteJobRequest.builder()
                .jobName(jobName)
                .build();

            glueClient.deleteJob(jobRequest);
            System.out.println(jobName + " was successfully deleted");

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Deletes a AWS Glue Database.
     *
     * @param glueClient   An instance of the AWS Glue client used to interact with the AWS Glue service.
     * @param databaseName The name of the database to be deleted.
     * @throws GlueException If an error occurs while deleting the database.
     */
    public static void deleteDatabase(GlueClient glueClient, String databaseName) {
        try {
            DeleteDatabaseRequest request = DeleteDatabaseRequest.builder()
                .name(databaseName)
                .build();

            glueClient.deleteDatabase(request);
            System.out.println(databaseName + " was successfully deleted");

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }


    /**
     * Deletes a specific AWS Glue crawler.
     *
     * @param glueClient  the AWS Glue client object
     * @param crawlerName the name of the crawler to be deleted
     * @throws GlueException if an error occurs during the deletion process
     */
    public static void deleteSpecificCrawler(GlueClient glueClient, String crawlerName) {
        try {
            DeleteCrawlerRequest deleteCrawlerRequest = DeleteCrawlerRequest.builder()
                .name(crawlerName)
                .build();

            glueClient.deleteCrawler(deleteCrawlerRequest);
            System.out.println(crawlerName + " was deleted");

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }

    private static void waitForInputToContinue(Scanner scanner) {
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("");
            System.out.println("Enter 'c' followed by <ENTER> to continue:");
            String input = scanner.nextLine();

            if (input.trim().equalsIgnoreCase("c")) {
                System.out.println("Continuing with the program...");
                System.out.println("");
                break;
            } else {
                // Handle invalid input.
                System.out.println("Invalid input. Please try again.");
            }
        }
    }
}

    /**
     * Creates a new AWS Glue crawler using the AWS Glue Java API.
     *
     * @param glueClient  the AWS Glue client used to interact with the AWS Glue service
     * @param iam         the IAM role that the crawler will use to access the data source
     * @param s3Path      the S3 path that the crawler will scan for data
     * @param cron        the cron expression that defines the crawler's schedule
     * @param dbName      the name of the AWS Glue database where the crawler will store the metadata
     * @param crawlerName the name of the crawler to be created
     */
    public static void createGlueCrawler(GlueClient glueClient,
                                         String iam,
                                         String s3Path,
                                         String cron,
                                         String dbName,
                                         String crawlerName) {

        try {
            S3Target s3Target = S3Target.builder()
                .path(s3Path)
                .build();

            List<S3Target> targetList = new ArrayList<>();
            targetList.add(s3Target);
            CrawlerTargets targets = CrawlerTargets.builder()
                .s3Targets(targetList)
                .build();

            CreateCrawlerRequest crawlerRequest = CreateCrawlerRequest.builder()
                .databaseName(dbName)
                .name(crawlerName)
                .description("Created by the AWS Glue Java API")
                .targets(targets)
                .role(iam)
                .schedule(cron)
                .build();

            glueClient.createCrawler(crawlerRequest);
            System.out.println(crawlerName + " was successfully created");

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new AWS Glue job.
     *
     * @param glueClient     the AWS Glue client to use for the operation
     * @param jobName        the name of the job to create
     * @param iam            the IAM role to associate with the job
     * @param scriptLocation the location of the script to be used by the job
     * @throws GlueException if there is an error creating the job
     */
    public static void createJob(GlueClient glueClient, String jobName, String iam, String scriptLocation) {
        try {
            JobCommand command = JobCommand.builder()
                .pythonVersion("3")
                .name("glueetl")
                .scriptLocation(scriptLocation)
                .build();

            CreateJobRequest jobRequest = CreateJobRequest.builder()
                .description("A Job created by using the AWS SDK for Java V2")
                .glueVersion("2.0")
                .workerType(WorkerType.G_1_X)
                .numberOfWorkers(10)
                .name(jobName)
                .role(iam)
                .command(command)
                .build();

            glueClient.createJob(jobRequest);
            System.out.println(jobName + " was successfully created.");

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Deletes a specific AWS Glue crawler.
     *
     * @param glueClient  the AWS Glue client object
     * @param crawlerName the name of the crawler to be deleted
     * @throws GlueException if an error occurs during the deletion process
     */
    public static void deleteSpecificCrawler(GlueClient glueClient, String crawlerName) {
        try {
            DeleteCrawlerRequest deleteCrawlerRequest = DeleteCrawlerRequest.builder()
                .name(crawlerName)
                .build();

            glueClient.deleteCrawler(deleteCrawlerRequest);
            System.out.println(crawlerName + " was deleted");

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Deletes a AWS Glue Database.
     *
     * @param glueClient   An instance of the AWS Glue client used to interact with the AWS Glue service.
     * @param databaseName The name of the database to be deleted.
     * @throws GlueException If an error occurs while deleting the database.
     */
    public static void deleteDatabase(GlueClient glueClient, String databaseName) {
        try {
            DeleteDatabaseRequest request = DeleteDatabaseRequest.builder()
                .name(databaseName)
                .build();

            glueClient.deleteDatabase(request);
            System.out.println(databaseName + " was successfully deleted");

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Deletes a Glue job.
     *
     * @param glueClient the Glue client to use for the operation
     * @param jobName    the name of the job to be deleted
     * @throws GlueException if there is an error deleting the job
     */
    public static void deleteJob(GlueClient glueClient, String jobName) {
        try {
            DeleteJobRequest jobRequest = DeleteJobRequest.builder()
                .jobName(jobName)
                .build();

            glueClient.deleteJob(jobRequest);
            System.out.println(jobName + " was successfully deleted");

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves a specific crawler from the AWS Glue service and waits for it to be in the "READY" state.
     *
     * @param glueClient  the AWS Glue client used to interact with the Glue service
     * @param crawlerName the name of the crawler to be retrieved
     */
    public static void getSpecificCrawler(GlueClient glueClient, String crawlerName) throws InterruptedException {
        try {
            GetCrawlerRequest crawlerRequest = GetCrawlerRequest.builder()
                .name(crawlerName)
                .build();

            boolean ready = false;
            while (!ready) {
                GetCrawlerResponse response = glueClient.getCrawler(crawlerRequest);
                String status = response.crawler().stateAsString();
                if (status.compareTo("READY") == 0) {
                    ready = true;
                }
                Thread.sleep(3000);
            }

            System.out.println("The crawler is now ready");

        } catch (GlueException | InterruptedException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves the specific database from the AWS Glue service.
     *
     * @param glueClient   an instance of the AWS Glue client used to interact with the service
     * @param databaseName the name of the database to retrieve
     * @throws GlueException if there is an error retrieving the database from the AWS Glue service
     */
    public static void getSpecificDatabase(GlueClient glueClient, String databaseName) {
        try {
            GetDatabaseRequest databasesRequest = GetDatabaseRequest.builder()
                .name(databaseName)
                .build();

            GetDatabaseResponse response = glueClient.getDatabase(databasesRequest);
            Instant createDate = response.database().createTime();

            // Convert the Instant to readable date.
            DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofLocalizedDateTime(FormatStyle.SHORT)
                .withLocale(Locale.US)
                .withZone(ZoneId.systemDefault());

            formatter.format(createDate);
            System.out.println("The create date of the database is " + createDate);

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves the job runs for a given Glue job and prints the status of the job runs.
     *
     * @param glueClient the Glue client used to make API calls
     * @param jobName    the name of the Glue job to retrieve the job runs for
     */
    public static void getJobRuns(GlueClient glueClient, String jobName) {
        try {
            GetJobRunsRequest runsRequest = GetJobRunsRequest.builder()
                .jobName(jobName)
                .maxResults(20)
                .build();

            boolean jobDone = false;
            while (!jobDone) {
                GetJobRunsResponse response = glueClient.getJobRuns(runsRequest);
                List<JobRun> jobRuns = response.jobRuns();
                for (JobRun jobRun : jobRuns) {
                    String jobState = jobRun.jobRunState().name();
                    if (jobState.compareTo("SUCCEEDED") == 0) {
                        System.out.println(jobName + " has succeeded");
                        jobDone = true;

                    } else if (jobState.compareTo("STOPPED") == 0) {
                        System.out.println("Job run has stopped");
                        jobDone = true;

                    } else if (jobState.compareTo("FAILED") == 0) {
                        System.out.println("Job run has failed");
                        jobDone = true;

                    } else if (jobState.compareTo("TIMEOUT") == 0) {
                        System.out.println("Job run has timed out");
                        jobDone = true;

                    } else {
                        System.out.println("*** Job run state is " + jobRun.jobRunState().name());
                        System.out.println("Job run Id is " + jobRun.id());
                        System.out.println("The Glue version is " + jobRun.glueVersion());
                    }
                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);
                }
            }

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Retrieves the names of the tables in the specified Glue database.
     *
     * @param glueClient the Glue client to use for the operation
     * @param dbName     the name of the Glue database to retrieve the table names from
     * @return the name of the first table retrieved, or an empty string if no tables were found
     */
    public static String getGlueTables(GlueClient glueClient, String dbName) {
        String myTableName = "";
        try {
            GetTablesRequest tableRequest = GetTablesRequest.builder()
                .databaseName(dbName)
                .build();

            GetTablesResponse response = glueClient.getTables(tableRequest);
            List<Table> tables = response.tableList();
            if (tables.isEmpty()) {
                System.out.println("No tables were returned");
            } else {
                for (Table table : tables) {
                    myTableName = table.name();
                    System.out.println("Table name is: " + myTableName);
                }
            }

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
        return myTableName;
    }

    /**
     * Starts a specific AWS Glue crawler.
     *
     * @param glueClient  the AWS Glue client to use for the crawler operation
     * @param crawlerName the name of the crawler to start
     * @throws GlueException if there is an error starting the crawler
     */
    public static void startSpecificCrawler(GlueClient glueClient, String crawlerName) {
        try {
            StartCrawlerRequest crawlerRequest = StartCrawlerRequest.builder()
                .name(crawlerName)
                .build();

            glueClient.startCrawler(crawlerRequest);
            System.out.println(crawlerName + " was successfully started!");

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Starts a job run in AWS Glue.
     *
     * @param glueClient    the AWS Glue client to use for the job run
     * @param jobName       the name of the Glue job to run
     * @param inputDatabase the name of the input database
     * @param inputTable    the name of the input table
     * @param outBucket     the URL of the output S3 bucket
     * @throws GlueException if there is an error starting the job run
     */
    public static void startJob(GlueClient glueClient, String jobName, String inputDatabase, String inputTable,
                                String outBucket) {
        try {
            Map<String, String> myMap = new HashMap<>();
            myMap.put("--input_database", inputDatabase);
            myMap.put("--input_table", inputTable);
            myMap.put("--output_bucket_url", outBucket);

            StartJobRunRequest runRequest = StartJobRunRequest.builder()
                .workerType(WorkerType.G_1_X)
                .numberOfWorkers(10)
                .arguments(myMap)
                .jobName(jobName)
                .build();

            StartJobRunResponse response = glueClient.startJobRun(runRequest);
            System.out.println("The request Id of the job is " + response.responseMetadata().requestId());

        } catch (GlueException e) {
            throw e;
        }
    }