Step 2: Configure your source content to be deployed to the Amazon Linux or Red Hat Enterprise Linux Amazon EC2 instance - AWS CodeDeploy
Get the source codeCreate scripts to run your applicationAdd an application specification file

Step 2: Configure your source content to be deployed to the Amazon Linux or Red Hat Enterprise Linux Amazon EC2 instance

Now it's time to configure your application's source content so you have something to deploy to the instance.

Get the source code

For this tutorial, you deploy the WordPress content publishing platform from your development machine to the target Amazon EC2 instance. To get the WordPress source code, you can use built-in command-line calls. Or, if you have Git installed on your development machine, you can use that instead.

For these steps, we assume you downloaded a copy of the WordPress source code to the /tmp directory on your development machine. (You can choose any directory you like, but remember to substitute your location for /tmp wherever it is specified in these steps.)

Choose one of the following two options to copy the WordPress source files to your development machine. The first option uses built-in command-line calls. The second option uses Git.

To get a copy of the WordPress source code (built-in command-line calls)

  1. Call the wget command to download a copy of the WordPress source code, as a .zip file, to the current directory:

    wget https://github.com/WordPress/WordPress/archive/master.zip

  2. Call the unzip, mkdir, cp, and rm commands to:

    • Unpack the master .zip file into the /tmp/WordPress_Temp directory (folder).

    • Copy its unzipped contents to the /tmp/WordPress destination folder.

    • Delete the temporary /tmp/WordPress_Temp folder and master file.

    Run the commands one at a time:

    unzip master -d /tmp/WordPress_Temp
    mkdir -p /tmp/WordPress
    cp -paf /tmp/WordPress_Temp/WordPress-master/* /tmp/WordPress
    rm -rf /tmp/WordPress_Temp
    rm -f master

    This leaves you with a clean set of WordPress source code files in the /tmp/WordPress folder.

To get a copy of the WordPress source code (Git)

  1. Download and install Git on your development machine.

  2. In the /tmp/WordPress folder, call the git init command.

  3. Call the git clone command to clone the public WordPress repository, making your own copy of it in the /tmp/WordPress destination folder:

    git clone https://github.com/WordPress/WordPress.git /tmp/WordPress

    This leaves you with a clean set of WordPress source code files in the /tmp/WordPress folder.

Create scripts to run your application

Next, create a folder and scripts in the directory. CodeDeploy uses these scripts to set up and deploy your application revision on the target Amazon EC2 instance. You can use any text editor to create the scripts.

  1. Create a scripts directory in your copy of the WordPress source code:

    mkdir -p /tmp/WordPress/scripts

  2. Create an install_dependencies.sh file in /tmp/WordPress/scripts. Add the following lines to the file. This install_dependencies.sh script installs Apache, MySQL, and PHP. It also adds MySQL support to PHP.

    
#!/bin/bash
sudo amazon-linux-extras install php7.4
sudo yum install -y httpd mariadb-server php

  3. Create a start_server.sh file in /tmp/WordPress/scripts. Add the following lines to the file. This start_server.sh script starts Apache and MySQL.

    
#!/bin/bash
systemctl start mariadb.service
systemctl start httpd.service
systemctl start php-fpm.service

  4. Create a stop_server.sh file in /tmp/WordPress/scripts. Add the following lines to the file. This stop_server.sh script stops Apache and MySQL.

    #!/bin/bash
isExistApp="pgrep httpd"
if [[ -n $isExistApp ]]; then
systemctl stop httpd.service
fi
isExistApp=pgrep mysqld
if [[ -n $isExistApp ]]; then
systemctl stop mariadb.service
fi
isExistApp=pgrep php-fpm
if [[ -n $isExistApp ]]; then
systemctl stop php-fpm.service

fi

  5. Create a create_test_db.sh file in /tmp/WordPress/scripts. Add the following lines to the file. This create_test_db.sh script uses MySQL to create a test database for WordPress to use.

    
#!/bin/bash
mysql -uroot <<CREATE_TEST_DB
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS test;
CREATE_TEST_DB

  6. Finally, create a change_permissions.sh script in /tmp/WordPress/scripts. This is used to change the folder permissions in Apache.

    Important

    This script updated permissions on the /tmp/WordPress folder so that anyone can write to it. This is required so that WordPress can write to its database during Step 5: Update and redeploy your WordPress application. After the WordPress application is set up, run the following command to update permissions to a more secure setting:

    chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/WordPress
    
#!/bin/bash
chmod -R 777 /var/www/html/WordPress

  7. Give all of the scripts executable permissions. On the command line, type:

    
chmod +x /tmp/WordPress/scripts/*

Add an application specification file

Next, add an application specification file (AppSpec file), a YAML-formatted file used by CodeDeploy to:

  • Map the source files in your application revision to their destinations on the target Amazon EC2 instance.

  • Specify custom permissions for deployed files.

  • Specify scripts to be run on the target Amazon EC2 instance during the deployment.

The AppSpec file must be named appspec.yml. It must be placed in the root directory of the application's source code. In this tutorial, the root directory is /tmp/WordPress

With your text editor, create a file named appspec.yml. Add the following lines to the file:


version: 0.0
os: linux
files:
  - source: /
    destination: /var/www/html/WordPress
hooks:
  BeforeInstall:
    - location: scripts/install_dependencies.sh
      timeout: 300
      runas: root
  AfterInstall:
    - location: scripts/change_permissions.sh
      timeout: 300
      runas: root
  ApplicationStart:
    - location: scripts/start_server.sh
    - location: scripts/create_test_db.sh
      timeout: 300
      runas: root
  ApplicationStop:
    - location: scripts/stop_server.sh
      timeout: 300
      runas: root

CodeDeploy uses this AppSpec file to copy all of the files in the /tmp/WordPress folder on the development machine to the /var/www/html/WordPress folder on the target Amazon EC2 instance. During the deployment, CodeDeploy runs the specified scripts as root in the /var/www/html/WordPress/scripts folder on the target Amazon EC2 instance at specified events during the deployment lifecycle, such as BeforeInstall and AfterInstall. If any of these scripts take longer than 300 seconds (5 minutes) to run, CodeDeploy stops the deployment and marks the deployment as failed.

For more information about these settings, see the CodeDeploy AppSpec file reference.

Important

The locations and numbers of spaces between each of the items in this file are important. If the spacing is incorrect, CodeDeploy raises an error that might be difficult to debug. For more information, see AppSpec File spacing.