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Add repositories on an AL2 instance

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Add repositories on an AL2 instance - Amazon Linux 2
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This information applies to AL2. For information about AL2023, see Deterministic upgrades through versioned repositories on AL2023 in the Amazon Linux 2023 User Guide.

By default, AL2 instances launch with the following repositories enabled:

  • amzn2-core

  • amzn2extra-docker

While there are many packages available in these repositories that are updated by Amazon Web Services, there might be a package that you want to install that is contained in another repository.

To install a package from a different repository with yum, you need to add the repository information to the /etc/yum.conf file or to its own repository.repo file in the /etc/yum.repos.d directory. You can do this manually, but most yum repositories provide their own repository.repo file at their repository URL.

To determine what yum repositories are already installed

List the installed yum repositories with the following command:

[ec2-user ~]$ yum repolist all

The resulting output lists the installed repositories and reports the status of each. Enabled repositories display the number of packages they contain.

To add a yum repository to /etc/yum.repos.d

  1. Find the location of the .repo file. This will vary depending on the repository you are adding. In this example, the .repo file is at https://www.example.com/repository.repo.

  2. Add the repository with the yum-config-manager command.

    [ec2-user ~]$ sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://www.example.com/repository.repo
Loaded plugins: priorities, update-motd, upgrade-helper
adding repo from: https://www.example.com/repository.repo
grabbing file https://www.example.com/repository.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/repository.repo
repository.repo                                      | 4.0 kB     00:00
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/repository.repo

After you install a repository, you must enable it as described in the next procedure.

To enable a yum repository in /etc/yum.repos.d

Use the yum-config-manager command with the --enable repository flag. The following command enables the Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (EPEL) repository from the Fedora project. By default, this repository is present in /etc/yum.repos.d on Amazon Linux AMI instances, but it is not enabled.

[ec2-user ~]$ sudo yum-config-manager --enable epel

For more information, and to download the latest version of this package, see https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL.

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