Tune a K-Means Model

Automatic model tuning, also known as hyperparameter tuning, finds the best version of a model by running many jobs that test a range of hyperparameters on your dataset. You choose the tunable hyperparameters, a range of values for each, and an objective metric. You choose the objective metric from the metrics that the algorithm computes. Automatic model tuning searches the hyperparameters chosen to find the combination of values that result in the model that optimizes the objective metric.

The Amazon SageMaker AI k-means algorithm is an unsupervised algorithm that groups data into clusters whose members are as similar as possible. Because it is unsupervised, it doesn't use a validation dataset that hyperparameters can optimize against. But it does take a test dataset and emits metrics that depend on the squared distance between the data points and the final cluster centroids at the end of each training run. To find the model that reports the tightest clusters on the test dataset, you can use a hyperparameter tuning job. The clusters optimize the similarity of their members.

For more information about model tuning, see Automatic model tuning with SageMaker AI.

Metrics Computed by the K-Means Algorithm

The k-means algorithm computes the following metrics during training. When tuning a model, choose one of these metrics as the objective metric.

Tunable K-Means Hyperparameters

Tune the Amazon SageMaker AI k-means model with the following hyperparameters. The hyperparameters that have the greatest impact on k-means objective metrics are: mini_batch_size, extra_center_factor, and init_method. Tuning the hyperparameter epochs generally results in minor improvements.