更新自动扩缩组的 AMIs

以下示例使用新修补的 AMI 更新自动扩缩组。此方法确保新映像自动可供使用 Auto Scaling 组的不同计算环境使用。

此示例中自动化的最后一步使用 Python 函数创建将使用新修补的 AMI 的新启动模板。然后更新自动扩缩组以使用新的启动模板。在此类型的 Auto Scaling 方案中，用户可以终止 Auto Scaling 组中的现有实例以强制启动使用新映像的实例。或者，用户可以等待以允许缩减或扩展事件正常启动较新的实例。

开始前的准备工作

在开始本示例之前，请完成以下任务。

为自动化（AWS Systems Manager 的一项功能）配置 IAM 角色。Systems Manager 需要实例配置文件角色和服务角色 ARN 来处理自动化。有关更多信息，请参阅设置自动化。

创建 PatchAMIAndUpdateASG 运行手册

使用以下过程创建 PatchAMIAndUpdateASG 运行手册，它将修补您为 SourceAMI 参数指定的 AMI。运行手册还会更新自动扩缩组以使用最新修补后的 AMI。

创建运行手册并运行

访问 https://console.aws.amazon.com/systems-manager/，打开 AWS Systems Manager 控制台。
在导航窗格中，选择文档。
在创建文档下拉菜单中，选择自动化。
在名称字段中，输入 PatchAMIAndUpdateASG。
选择 Editor（编辑器）选项卡，然后选择 Edit（编辑）。
出现提示时选择 OK（确定），然后删除 Document editor（文档编辑器）字段中的内容。

在 Document editor（文档编辑器）字段中，粘贴以下 YAML 示例运行手册内容。


---
description: Systems Manager Automation Demo - Patch AMI and Update ASG
schemaVersion: '0.3'
assumeRole: '{{ AutomationAssumeRole }}'
parameters:
  AutomationAssumeRole:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The ARN of the role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to execute this document.'
    default: ''
  SourceAMI:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The ID of the AMI you want to patch.'
  SubnetId:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The ID of the subnet where the instance from the SourceAMI parameter is launched.'
  SecurityGroupIds:
    type: StringList
    description: '(Required) The IDs of the security groups to associate with the instance launched from the SourceAMI parameter.'
  NewAMI:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) The name of of newly patched AMI.'
    default: 'patchedAMI-{{global:DATE_TIME}}'
  TargetASG:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The name of the Auto Scaling group you want to update.'
  InstanceProfile:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The name of the IAM instance profile you want the source instance to use.'
  SnapshotId:
    type: String
    description: (Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.
    default: ''
  RebootOption:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.'
    allowedValues:
      - NoReboot
      - RebootIfNeeded
    default: RebootIfNeeded
  Operation:
    type: String
    description: (Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.
    allowedValues:
      - Install
      - Scan
    default: Install
mainSteps:
  - name: startInstances
    action: 'aws:runInstances'
    timeoutSeconds: 1200
    maxAttempts: 1
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      ImageId: '{{ SourceAMI }}'
      InstanceType: m5.large
      MinInstanceCount: 1
      MaxInstanceCount: 1
      IamInstanceProfileName: '{{ InstanceProfile }}'
      SubnetId: '{{ SubnetId }}'
      SecurityGroupIds: '{{ SecurityGroupIds }}'
  - name: verifyInstanceManaged
    action: 'aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty'
    timeoutSeconds: 600
    inputs:
      Service: ssm
      Api: DescribeInstanceInformation
      InstanceInformationFilterList:
        - key: InstanceIds
          valueSet:
            - '{{ startInstances.InstanceIds }}'
      PropertySelector: '$.InstanceInformationList[0].PingStatus'
      DesiredValues:
        - Online
    onFailure: 'step:terminateInstance'
  - name: installPatches
    action: 'aws:runCommand'
    timeoutSeconds: 7200
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      DocumentName: AWS-RunPatchBaseline
      Parameters:
        SnapshotId: '{{SnapshotId}}'
        RebootOption: '{{RebootOption}}'
        Operation: '{{Operation}}'
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{ startInstances.InstanceIds }}'
  - name: stopInstance
    action: 'aws:changeInstanceState'
    maxAttempts: 1
    onFailure: Continue
    inputs:
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{ startInstances.InstanceIds }}'
      DesiredState: stopped
  - name: createImage
    action: 'aws:createImage'
    maxAttempts: 1
    onFailure: Continue
    inputs:
      InstanceId: '{{ startInstances.InstanceIds }}'
      ImageName: '{{ NewAMI }}'
      NoReboot: false
      ImageDescription: Patched AMI created by Automation
  - name: terminateInstance
    action: 'aws:changeInstanceState'
    maxAttempts: 1
    onFailure: Continue
    inputs:
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{ startInstances.InstanceIds }}'
      DesiredState: terminated
  - name: updateASG
    action: 'aws:executeScript'
    timeoutSeconds: 300
    maxAttempts: 1
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Runtime: python3.8
      Handler: update_asg
      InputPayload:
        TargetASG: '{{TargetASG}}'
        NewAMI: '{{createImage.ImageId}}'
      Script: |-
        from __future__ import print_function
        import datetime
        import json
        import time
        import boto3

        # create auto scaling and ec2 client
        asg = boto3.client('autoscaling')
        ec2 = boto3.client('ec2')

        def update_asg(event, context):
            print("Received event: " + json.dumps(event, indent=2))

            target_asg = event['TargetASG']
            new_ami = event['NewAMI']

            # get object for the ASG we're going to update, filter by name of target ASG
            asg_query = asg.describe_auto_scaling_groups(AutoScalingGroupNames=[target_asg])
            if 'AutoScalingGroups' not in asg_query or not asg_query['AutoScalingGroups']:
                return 'No ASG found matching the value you specified.'

            # gets details of an instance from the ASG that we'll use to model the new launch template after
            source_instance_id = asg_query.get('AutoScalingGroups')[0]['Instances'][0]['InstanceId']
            instance_properties = ec2.describe_instances(
                InstanceIds=[source_instance_id]
            )
            source_instance = instance_properties['Reservations'][0]['Instances'][0]

            # create list of security group IDs
            security_groups = []
            for group in source_instance['SecurityGroups']:
                security_groups.append(group['GroupId'])

            # create a list of dictionary objects for block device mappings
            mappings = []
            for block in source_instance['BlockDeviceMappings']:
                volume_query = ec2.describe_volumes(
                    VolumeIds=[block['Ebs']['VolumeId']]
                )
                volume_details = volume_query['Volumes']
                device_name = block['DeviceName']
                volume_size = volume_details[0]['Size']
                volume_type = volume_details[0]['VolumeType']
                device = {'DeviceName': device_name, 'Ebs': {'VolumeSize': volume_size, 'VolumeType': volume_type}}
                mappings.append(device)

            # create new launch template using details returned from instance in the ASG and specify the newly patched AMI
            time_stamp = time.time()
            time_stamp_string = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(time_stamp).strftime('%m-%d-%Y_%H-%M-%S')
            new_template_name = f'{new_ami}_{time_stamp_string}'
            try:
                ec2.create_launch_template(
                    LaunchTemplateName=new_template_name,
                    LaunchTemplateData={
                        'BlockDeviceMappings': mappings,
                        'ImageId': new_ami,
                        'InstanceType': source_instance['InstanceType'],
                        'IamInstanceProfile': {
                            'Arn': source_instance['IamInstanceProfile']['Arn']
                        },
                        'KeyName': source_instance['KeyName'],
                        'SecurityGroupIds': security_groups
                    }
                )
            except Exception as e:
                return f'Exception caught: {str(e)}'
            else:
                # update ASG to use new launch template
                asg.update_auto_scaling_group(
                    AutoScalingGroupName=target_asg,
                    LaunchTemplate={
                        'LaunchTemplateName': new_template_name
                    }
                )
                return f'Updated ASG {target_asg} with new launch template {new_template_name} which uses AMI {new_ami}.'
outputs:
  - createImage.ImageId

选择创建自动化。
在导航窗格中，选择自动化，然后选择执行自动化。
在 Choose document（选择文档）页面上，选择 Owned by me（我拥有的）选项卡。
搜索 PatchAMIAndUpdateASG 运行手册，然后选择 PatchAMIAndUpdateASG 卡中的按钮。
选择下一步。
选择简单执行。
指定输入参数的值。确保您指定的 SubnetId 和 SecurityGroupIds 允许访问公有 Systems Manager 端点或 Systems Manager 的接口端点。
选择执行。
自动化完成后，在 Amazon EC2 控制台中，选择 Auto Scaling（自动扩缩），然后选择 Launch Templates（启动配置）。验证您是否看到了新的启动模板，并且它使用了新的 AMI。
选择 Auto Scaling，然后选择 Auto Scaling 组。验证自动扩缩组使用了新的启动模板。
终止 Auto Scaling 组中的一个或多个实例。替换实例使用新的 AMI 启动。

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文档惯例

使用 Automation 和 Jenkins 更新 AMIs

使用 AWS Support 自助服务运行手册