的版本 4 (V4) 适用于 .NET 的 SDK 正在预览中！要在预览版中查看有关此新版本的信息，请参阅 适用于 .NET 的 AWS SDK （版本 4 预览版）开发者指南。
请注意，SDK 的 V4 处于预览版，因此其内容可能会发生变化。
本文属于机器翻译版本。若本译文内容与英语原文存在差异，则一律以英文原文为准。
创建 Amazon SQS 队列
此示例向您展示如何使用创建 Amazon SQS 队列。 适用于 .NET 的 SDK 如果您不提供死信队列的 ARN，则应用程序会创建一个死信队列。然后，它会创建一个标准消息队列，其中包括死信队列（您提供的队列或创建的队列）。
如果您不提供任何命令行参数，则应用程序仅显示有关所有现有队列的信息。
以下各节提供了此示例的片段。此后显示了该示例的完整代码，并且可以按原样构建和运行。
显示现有队列
以下代码片段显示了 SQS 客户端区域中现有队列的列表以及每个队列的属性。
本主题末尾的示例显示了此片段的使用情况。
//
// Method to show a list of the existing queues
private static async Task ShowQueues(IAmazonSQS sqsClient)
{
ListQueuesResponse responseList = await sqsClient.ListQueuesAsync("");
Console.WriteLine();
foreach(string qUrl in responseList.QueueUrls)
{
// Get and show all attributes. Could also get a subset.
await ShowAllAttributes(sqsClient, qUrl);
}
}
//
// Method to show all attributes of a queue
private static async Task ShowAllAttributes(IAmazonSQS sqsClient, string qUrl)
{
var attributes = new List<string>{ QueueAttributeName.All };
GetQueueAttributesResponse responseGetAtt =
await sqsClient.GetQueueAttributesAsync(qUrl, attributes);
Console.WriteLine($"Queue: {qUrl}");
foreach(var att in responseGetAtt.Attributes)
Console.WriteLine($"\t{att.Key}: {att.Value}");
}创建队列
以下代码片段创建队列。该片段包括死信队列的使用，但队列不一定需要死信队列。
本主题末尾的示例显示了此片段的使用情况。
//
// Method to create a queue. Returns the queue URL.
private static async Task<string> CreateQueue(
IAmazonSQS sqsClient, string qName, string deadLetterQueueUrl=null,
string maxReceiveCount=null, string receiveWaitTime=null)
{
var attrs = new Dictionary<string, string>();
// If a dead-letter queue is given, create a message queue
if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(deadLetterQueueUrl))
{
attrs.Add(QueueAttributeName.ReceiveMessageWaitTimeSeconds, receiveWaitTime);
attrs.Add(QueueAttributeName.RedrivePolicy,
$"{{\"deadLetterTargetArn\":\"{await GetQueueArn(sqsClient, deadLetterQueueUrl)}\"," +
$"\"maxReceiveCount\":\"{maxReceiveCount}\"}}");
// Add other attributes for the message queue such as VisibilityTimeout
}
// If no dead-letter queue is given, create one of those instead
//else
//{
// // Add attributes for the dead-letter queue as needed
// attrs.Add();
//}
// Create the queue
CreateQueueResponse responseCreate = await sqsClient.CreateQueueAsync(
new CreateQueueRequest{QueueName = qName, Attributes = attrs});
return responseCreate.QueueUrl;
}获取队列的 ARN
以下代码片段获取由给定队列 URL 标识的队列的 ARN。
本主题末尾的示例显示了此片段的使用情况。
//
// Method to get the ARN of a queue
private static async Task<string> GetQueueArn(IAmazonSQS sqsClient, string qUrl)
{
GetQueueAttributesResponse responseGetAtt = await sqsClient.GetQueueAttributesAsync(
qUrl, new List<string>{QueueAttributeName.QueueArn});
return responseGetAtt.QueueARN;
}完整代码
本部分显示了本示例的相关参考和完整代码。
NuGet 包裹：
编程元素：
-
命名空间 Amazon.SQS
Amazon 上课 SQSClient
-
命名空间 Amazon.SQS.Model
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Amazon.SQS;
using Amazon.SQS.Model;
namespace SQSCreateQueue
{
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// Class to create a queue
class Program
{
private const string MaxReceiveCount = "10";
private const string ReceiveMessageWaitTime = "2";
private const int MaxArgs = 3;
static async Task Main(string[] args)
{
// Parse the command line and show help if necessary
var parsedArgs = CommandLine.Parse(args);
if(parsedArgs.Count > MaxArgs)
CommandLine.ErrorExit(
"\nToo many command-line arguments.\nRun the command with no arguments to see help.");
// Create the Amazon SQS client
var sqsClient = new AmazonSQSClient();
// In the case of no command-line arguments, just show help and the existing queues
if(parsedArgs.Count == 0)
{
PrintHelp();
Console.WriteLine("\nNo arguments specified.");
Console.Write("Do you want to see a list of the existing queues? ((y) or n): ");
string response = Console.ReadLine();
if((string.IsNullOrEmpty(response)) || (response.ToLower() == "y"))
await ShowQueues(sqsClient);
return;
}
// Get the application arguments from the parsed list
string queueName =
CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-q", "--queue-name");
string deadLetterQueueUrl =
CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-d", "--dead-letter-queue");
string maxReceiveCount =
CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, MaxReceiveCount, "-m", "--max-receive-count");
string receiveWaitTime =
CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, ReceiveMessageWaitTime, "-w", "--wait-time");
if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(queueName))
CommandLine.ErrorExit(
"\nYou must supply a queue name.\nRun the command with no arguments to see help.");
// If a dead-letter queue wasn't given, create one
if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(deadLetterQueueUrl))
{
Console.WriteLine("\nNo dead-letter queue was specified. Creating one...");
deadLetterQueueUrl = await CreateQueue(sqsClient, queueName + "__dlq");
Console.WriteLine($"Your new dead-letter queue:");
await ShowAllAttributes(sqsClient, deadLetterQueueUrl);
}
// Create the message queue
string messageQueueUrl = await CreateQueue(
sqsClient, queueName, deadLetterQueueUrl, maxReceiveCount, receiveWaitTime);
Console.WriteLine($"Your new message queue:");
await ShowAllAttributes(sqsClient, messageQueueUrl);
}
//
// Method to show a list of the existing queues
private static async Task ShowQueues(IAmazonSQS sqsClient)
{
ListQueuesResponse responseList = await sqsClient.ListQueuesAsync("");
Console.WriteLine();
foreach(string qUrl in responseList.QueueUrls)
{
// Get and show all attributes. Could also get a subset.
await ShowAllAttributes(sqsClient, qUrl);
}
}
//
// Method to create a queue. Returns the queue URL.
private static async Task<string> CreateQueue(
IAmazonSQS sqsClient, string qName, string deadLetterQueueUrl=null,
string maxReceiveCount=null, string receiveWaitTime=null)
{
var attrs = new Dictionary<string, string>();
// If a dead-letter queue is given, create a message queue
if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(deadLetterQueueUrl))
{
attrs.Add(QueueAttributeName.ReceiveMessageWaitTimeSeconds, receiveWaitTime);
attrs.Add(QueueAttributeName.RedrivePolicy,
$"{{\"deadLetterTargetArn\":\"{await GetQueueArn(sqsClient, deadLetterQueueUrl)}\"," +
$"\"maxReceiveCount\":\"{maxReceiveCount}\"}}");
// Add other attributes for the message queue such as VisibilityTimeout
}
// If no dead-letter queue is given, create one of those instead
//else
//{
// // Add attributes for the dead-letter queue as needed
// attrs.Add();
//}
// Create the queue
CreateQueueResponse responseCreate = await sqsClient.CreateQueueAsync(
new CreateQueueRequest{QueueName = qName, Attributes = attrs});
return responseCreate.QueueUrl;
}
//
// Method to get the ARN of a queue
private static async Task<string> GetQueueArn(IAmazonSQS sqsClient, string qUrl)
{
GetQueueAttributesResponse responseGetAtt = await sqsClient.GetQueueAttributesAsync(
qUrl, new List<string>{QueueAttributeName.QueueArn});
return responseGetAtt.QueueARN;
}
//
// Method to show all attributes of a queue
private static async Task ShowAllAttributes(IAmazonSQS sqsClient, string qUrl)
{
var attributes = new List<string>{ QueueAttributeName.All };
GetQueueAttributesResponse responseGetAtt =
await sqsClient.GetQueueAttributesAsync(qUrl, attributes);
Console.WriteLine($"Queue: {qUrl}");
foreach(var att in responseGetAtt.Attributes)
Console.WriteLine($"\t{att.Key}: {att.Value}");
}
//
// Command-line help
private static void PrintHelp()
{
Console.WriteLine(
"\nUsage: SQSCreateQueue -q <queue-name> [-d <dead-letter-queue>]" +
" [-m <max-receive-count>] [-w <wait-time>]" +
"\n -q, --queue-name: The name of the queue you want to create." +
"\n -d, --dead-letter-queue: The URL of an existing queue to be used as the dead-letter queue."+
"\n If this argument isn't supplied, a new dead-letter queue will be created." +
"\n -m, --max-receive-count: The value for maxReceiveCount in the RedrivePolicy of the queue." +
$"\n Default is {MaxReceiveCount}." +
"\n -w, --wait-time: The value for ReceiveMessageWaitTimeSeconds of the queue for long polling." +
$"\n Default is {ReceiveMessageWaitTime}.");
}
}
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// Class that represents a command line on the console or terminal.
// (This is the same for all examples. When you have seen it once, you can ignore it.)
static class CommandLine
{
//
// Method to parse a command line of the form: "--key value" or "-k value".
//
// Parameters:
// - args: The command-line arguments passed into the application by the system.
//
// Returns:
// A Dictionary with string Keys and Values.
//
// If a key is found without a matching value, Dictionary.Value is set to the key
// (including the dashes).
// If a value is found without a matching key, Dictionary.Key is set to "--NoKeyN",
// where "N" represents sequential numbers.
public static Dictionary<string,string> Parse(string[] args)
{
var parsedArgs = new Dictionary<string,string>();
int i = 0, n = 0;
while(i < args.Length)
{
// If the first argument in this iteration starts with a dash it's an option.
if(args[i].StartsWith("-"))
{
var key = args[i++];
var value = key;
// Check to see if there's a value that goes with this option?
if((i < args.Length) && (!args[i].StartsWith("-"))) value = args[i++];
parsedArgs.Add(key, value);
}
// If the first argument in this iteration doesn't start with a dash, it's a value
else
{
parsedArgs.Add("--NoKey" + n.ToString(), args[i++]);
n++;
}
}
return parsedArgs;
}
//
// Method to get an argument from the parsed command-line arguments
//
// Parameters:
// - parsedArgs: The Dictionary object returned from the Parse() method (shown above).
// - defaultValue: The default string to return if the specified key isn't in parsedArgs.
// - keys: An array of keys to look for in parsedArgs.
public static string GetArgument(
Dictionary<string,string> parsedArgs, string defaultReturn, params string[] keys)
{
string retval = null;
foreach(var key in keys)
if(parsedArgs.TryGetValue(key, out retval)) break;
return retval ?? defaultReturn;
}
//
// Method to exit the application with an error.
public static void ErrorExit(string msg, int code=1)
{
Console.WriteLine("\nError");
Console.WriteLine(msg);
Environment.Exit(code);
}
}
}
额外注意事项
-
您的队列名称必须由字母数字字符、连字符和下划线组成。
-
队列名称和队列区 URLs 分大小写
-
如果您需要队列 URL 但只有队列名称，请使用其中一种
AmazonSQSClient.GetQueueUrlAsync方法。
-
有关您可以设置的各种队列属性的信息，请参阅 CreateQueueRequest 适用于 .NET 的 AWS SDKAPI 参考或SetQueueAttributes《亚马逊简单队列服务 API 参考》。
-
此示例指定对您创建的队列中的所有消息进行长轮询。可使用
ReceiveMessageWaitTimeSeconds属性执行此操作。您还可以在调用 Amazon SQSClient 类的
ReceiveMessageAsync方法期间指定长轮询。有关更多信息，请参阅 接收 Amazon SQS 消息。有关短轮询与长轮询的信息，请参阅《Amazon Simple Queue Service 开发人员指南》中的短轮询与长轮询。
-
其它（源）队列可将未成功处理的消息转到死信队列。有关更多信息，请参阅《Amazon Simple Queue Service 开发人员指南》中的 Amazon SQS 死信队列。
-
您还可以在 Amazon SQS 控制台
中查看队列列表和此示例的结果。
