記錄和監控 Java Lambda 函數

// Handler value: example.Handler
public class Handler implements RequestHandler<Object, String>{
  Gson gson = new GsonBuilder().setPrettyPrinting().create();
  @Override
  public String handleRequest(Object event, Context context)
  {
    LambdaLogger logger = context.getLogger();
    String response = new String("SUCCESS");
    // log execution details
    logger.log("ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES: " + gson.toJson(System.getenv()));
    logger.log("CONTEXT: " + gson.toJson(context));
    // process event
    logger.log("EVENT: " + gson.toJson(event));
    return response;
  }
}

START RequestId: 6bc28136-xmpl-4365-b021-0ce6b2e64ab0 Version: $LATEST
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES: 
{
    "_HANDLER": "example.Handler",
    "AWS_EXECUTION_ENV": "AWS_Lambda_java8",
    "AWS_LAMBDA_FUNCTION_MEMORY_SIZE": "512",
    ...
}
CONTEXT: 
{
    "memoryLimit": 512,
    "awsRequestId": "6bc28136-xmpl-4365-b021-0ce6b2e64ab0",
    "functionName": "java-console",
    ...
}
EVENT:
{
  "records": [
    {
      "messageId": "19dd0b57-xmpl-4ac1-bd88-01bbb068cb78",
      "receiptHandle": "MessageReceiptHandle",
      "body": "Hello from SQS!",
       ...
    }
  ]
}
END RequestId: 6bc28136-xmpl-4365-b021-0ce6b2e64ab0
REPORT RequestId: 6bc28136-xmpl-4365-b021-0ce6b2e64ab0	Duration: 198.50 ms	Billed Duration: 200 ms	Memory Size: 512 MB	Max Memory Used: 90 MB	Init Duration: 524.75 ms

LambdaLogger logger = context.getLogger();
logger.log("This is a debug log", LogLevel.DEBUG);

{
    "timestamp":"2023-11-01T00:21:51.358Z",
    "level":"DEBUG",
    "message":"This is a debug log",
    "AWSrequestId":"93f25699-2cbf-4976-8f94-336a0aa98c6f"
}

<Configuration>
  <Appenders>
    <Lambda name="Lambda" format="${env:AWS_LAMBDA_LOG_FORMAT:-TEXT}">
       <LambdaTextFormat>
         <PatternLayout>
             <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %X{AWSRequestId} %-5p %c{1} - %m%n </pattern>
         </PatternLayout>
       </LambdaTextFormat>
       <LambdaJSONFormat>
         <JsonTemplateLayout eventTemplateUri="classpath:LambdaLayout.json" />
       </LambdaJSONFormat>
     </Lambda>
   </Appenders>
   <Loggers>
     <Root level="${env:AWS_LAMBDA_LOG_LEVEL:-INFO}">
       <AppenderRef ref="Lambda"/>
     </Root>
     <Logger name="software.amazon.awssdk" level="WARN" />
     <Logger name="software.amazon.awssdk.request" level="DEBUG" />
   </Loggers>
 </Configuration>

package example;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.Context;
import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.RequestHandler;
import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.events.S3Event;

import static org.apache.logging.log4j.CloseableThreadContext.put;


public class HandlerS3 implements RequestHandler<S3Event, String>{
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HandlerS3.class);

    @Override
    public String handleRequest(S3Event event, Context context) {
        for(var record : event.getRecords()) {
            try (var loggingCtx = put("awsRegion", record.getAwsRegion())) {
                loggingCtx.put("eventName", record.getEventName());
                loggingCtx.put("bucket", record.getS3().getBucket().getName());
                loggingCtx.put("key", record.getS3().getObject().getKey());

                logger.info("Handling s3 event");
            }
        }

        return "Ok";
    }
}

{
    "timestamp": "2023-11-15T16:56:00.815Z",
    "level": "INFO",
    "message": "Handling s3 event",
    "logger": "example.HandlerS3",
    "AWSRequestId": "0bced576-3936-4e5a-9dcd-db9477b77f97",
    "awsRegion": "eu-south-1",
    "bucket": "java-logging-test-input-bucket",
    "eventName": "ObjectCreated:Put",
    "key": "test-folder/"
}

dependencies {
    ...
    'com.amazonaws:aws-lambda-java-log4j2:[1.6.0,)',
    'com.amazonaws:aws-lambda-java-events:[3.11.3,)',
    'org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-layout-template-json:[2.17.1,)',
    'org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-slf4j2-impl:[2.19.0,)',
    ...
}

下列範例顯示如何從名稱為 my-function 的函數的 LogResult 欄位來擷取日誌 ID。

aws lambda invoke --function-name my-function out --log-type Tail

您應該會看到下列輸出：

{
    "StatusCode": 200,
    "LogResult": "U1RBUlQgUmVxdWVzdElkOiA4N2QwNDRiOC1mMTU0LTExZTgtOGNkYS0yOTc0YzVlNGZiMjEgVmVyc2lvb...",
    "ExecutedVersion": "$LATEST"
}

在相同的命令提示中，使用 base64 公用程式來解碼日誌。下列範例顯示如何擷取 my-function 的 base64 編碼日誌。

aws lambda invoke --function-name my-function out --log-type Tail \
--query 'LogResult' --output text --cli-binary-format raw-in-base64-out | base64 --decode

如果您使用 AWS CLI 第 2 版，則需要 cli-binary-format 選項。若要讓此成為預設的設定，請執行 aws configure set cli-binary-format raw-in-base64-out。若要取得更多資訊，請參閱《AWS Command Line Interface 使用者指南第 2 版》中 AWS CLI 支援的全域命令列選項。

您應該會看到下列輸出：

START RequestId: 57f231fb-1730-4395-85cb-4f71bd2b87b8 Version: $LATEST
"AWS_SESSION_TOKEN": "AgoJb3JpZ2luX2VjELj...", "_X_AMZN_TRACE_ID": "Root=1-5d02e5ca-f5792818b6fe8368e5b51d50;Parent=191db58857df8395;Sampled=0"",ask/lib:/opt/lib",
END RequestId: 57f231fb-1730-4395-85cb-4f71bd2b87b8
REPORT RequestId: 57f231fb-1730-4395-85cb-4f71bd2b87b8  Duration: 79.67 ms      Billed Duration: 80 ms         Memory Size: 128 MB     Max Memory Used: 73 MB

該 base64 公用程式可在 Linux、macOS 和 Ubuntu on Windows 上使用。macOS 使用者可能需要使用 base64 -D。

在相同的命令提示中，使用下列指令碼下載最後五個日誌事件。該指令碼使用 sed 以從輸出檔案移除引述，並休眠 15 秒以使日誌可供使用。輸出包括來自 Lambda 的回應以及來自 get-log-events 命令的輸出。

複製下列程式碼範例的內容，並將您的 Lambda 專案目錄儲存為 get-logs.sh。

如果您使用 AWS CLI 第 2 版，則需要 cli-binary-format 選項。若要讓此成為預設的設定，請執行 aws configure set cli-binary-format raw-in-base64-out。若要取得更多資訊，請參閱《AWS Command Line Interface 使用者指南第 2 版》中 AWS CLI 支援的全域命令列選項。

#!/bin/bash
aws lambda invoke --function-name my-function --cli-binary-format raw-in-base64-out --payload '{"key": "value"}' out
sed -i'' -e 's/"//g' out
sleep 15
aws logs get-log-events --log-group-name /aws/lambda/my-function --log-stream-name stream1 --limit 5

在相同的命令提示中，macOS 和 Linux 使用者可能需要執行下列命令，以確保指令碼可執行。

chmod -R 755 get-logs.sh

在相同的命令提示中，執行下列指令碼以取得最後五個日誌事件。

./get-logs.sh

您應該會看到下列輸出：

{
    "StatusCode": 200,
    "ExecutedVersion": "$LATEST"
}
{
    "events": [
        {
            "timestamp": 1559763003171,
            "message": "START RequestId: 4ce9340a-b765-490f-ad8a-02ab3415e2bf Version: $LATEST\n",
            "ingestionTime": 1559763003309
        },
        {
            "timestamp": 1559763003173,
            "message": "2019-06-05T19:30:03.173Z\t4ce9340a-b765-490f-ad8a-02ab3415e2bf\tINFO\tENVIRONMENT VARIABLES\r{\r  \"AWS_LAMBDA_FUNCTION_VERSION\": \"$LATEST\",\r ...",
            "ingestionTime": 1559763018353
        },
        {
            "timestamp": 1559763003173,
            "message": "2019-06-05T19:30:03.173Z\t4ce9340a-b765-490f-ad8a-02ab3415e2bf\tINFO\tEVENT\r{\r  \"key\": \"value\"\r}\n",
            "ingestionTime": 1559763018353
        },
        {
            "timestamp": 1559763003218,
            "message": "END RequestId: 4ce9340a-b765-490f-ad8a-02ab3415e2bf\n",
            "ingestionTime": 1559763018353
        },
        {
            "timestamp": 1559763003218,
            "message": "REPORT RequestId: 4ce9340a-b765-490f-ad8a-02ab3415e2bf\tDuration: 26.73 ms\tBilled Duration: 27 ms \tMemory Size: 128 MB\tMax Memory Used: 75 MB\t\n",
            "ingestionTime": 1559763018353
        }
    ],
    "nextForwardToken": "f/34783877304859518393868359594929986069206639495374241795",
    "nextBackwardToken": "b/34783877303811383369537420289090800615709599058929582080"
}